职称英语理工类c级模拟47

职称英语理工类C级模拟47

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为

接近的选项。

1>OurEnglishteacherissick.

A.fatB.weakC.illD.

mad

2、Maryislookingforthebookshelostyesterday

A.tryingtofindB.tryingtoreadC.tryingtobuyD.

tryingtoborrow

3、Irarelyplaybasketball.

A.normallyB.seldomC.frequentlyD.

usually

4、Myfatherisaphysician.

A.researcherB.professorC.doctorD.

student

5、TheForeignServiceisabranchoftheDepartmentofState.

A.centerB.divisionC.rootD.

base

6、Thatguyisreallywitty,

A.uglyB.smartC.honorableD.

popular

7>Theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.

A.dramaticB.reasonableC.humiliatingD

horrifying

8、ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.

A.preparedB.trainedC.guidedD.

qualified

9、ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatownintheSouth.

A.praisesB.writesC.describesD

Imitates

10>Themeaningisstillobscure.

A.transparentB.vagueC.alienD

Significant

11>Dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies.

A.destroyB.decreaseC.polluteD

Delay

12>OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefromIndiaandPersia.

A.expectsB.assumesC.predictsD.

Considers

13>ItisverydifficultforachildtoadhereIorules.

A.followB.rememberC.understandD.

learn

14、IhopethatIdidn11doanythingabsurdlastnight.

A.awkwardB.strangeC.awfulD.

stupid

15>Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.

A.advocateB.forbidC.inheritD.

withdraw

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提

供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息

文中没有提及，请选择C。

EINino

Whilesomeforecastingmethodshadlimitedsuccesspredictingthe1997

EINinoafewmonthsinadvance,theColumbiaUniversityresearcherssaytheir

methodcallpredictlargeEINinoeventsuptotwoyearsinadvance.That

wouldbegoodnewsforgovernments,farmersandothersseekingtoplanfor

thedroughtsandheavyrainfallthatEINinocanproduceinvariousparts

oftheworld.

Usingacomputertheresearchersmatchedsea-surfacetemperaturestolater

EINinooccurrencesbetween1980and2000andwerethenabletoanticipate

EINinoeventsdatingbackto1857zusingpriorsea-surfacetemperatures.

TheresultswerereportedinthelatestissueofthejournalNature.

Theresearcherssaytheirmethodisnotperfect,butBryanC.Weare.a

meteorologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,whowasnotinvolved

inthework,saiditnsuggestsEINinoisindeedpredictable.

"Thiswillprobablyconvinceotherstosearcharoundmoreforevenbetter

methods.HsaidWeare.HeaddedthatthenewmethodHmakesitpossibletopredict

EINinoatlongleadtimes."Othermodelsalsousesea-surfacetemperatures,

buttheyhavenotlookedasfarbackbecausetheyneedotherdata,whichis

onlyavailableforrecentdecades,Wearesaid.

TheabilitytopredictthewarmingandcoolingofthePacificisofimmense

importance.The1997EINino；forexample,causedanestimated$20billion

indamageworldwidezoffsetbybeneficialeffectsinotherareas,saidDavid

Anderson,oftheEuropeanCentreforMedium.RangeWeatherForecastsinReading

England.The1877EINino,meanwhile,coincidedwithafailureoftheIndian

monsoonandafaminethatkilledperhaps40millioninIndiaandChinaprompting

thedevelopmentofseasonalforecasting,Andersonsaid.

WhenEINinohitin1991and1997z200millionpeoplewereaffectedby

floodinginChinaalone,accordingtoa2002UnitedNationsreport.

WhilepredictingsmallerEINinoeventsremainstricky,theabilityto

predictlargeronesshouldbeincreasedtoatleastayearifthenewmethod

isconfirmed.

EINinotendstodevelopbetweenAprilandJuneandreachesitspeakbetween

DecemberandFebruary.Thewarmingtendstolastbetween9and12monthsand

occurseverytwotosevenyears?

ThenewforecastingmethoddoesnotpredictanymajorEINinoeventsin

thenexttwoyearszalthoughaweakwarmingtowardtheendofthisyearis

possible.

16>ThemethodusedbytheColumbiaUniversityresearcherscanpredictEI

Ninoafewmonthsinadvance.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>TheColumbiaUniversityresearchersstudiedtherElationshipbetweenthe

pastEINinooccurrencesandsea-surfacetemperatures.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、TheColumbiaUniversityresearchersarethefirsttousesea-surface

temperaturestomatchthepastEINinooccurrences.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Weare1scontributioninpredictingEINino,washighlypraisedbyother

meteorologists.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、AccordingtoaChinesereport,thefloodinginChinacausedbyEINino

in1991and1997affected200millionChinesepeople.

A.rightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>IttakesabouteightmonthsforEINinotoreachitspeak.

A.rightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、AspecialinstitutehasbeensetupinAmericatostudyEINino.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：⑴第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2〜5段每

段选择1个小标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选

项。

TheSupercomputerNetwork

1.Recentlytenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsofthe

worldhavebecomelinked.Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycan

ntalk**toeachother.Thismaynotseemverydramaticnews,butitisthe

beginningofadevelopmentthatwillincreasethepoweroftheInternet

tremendously.

2.TheInternetisaninterconnected（互联）systemofnetworksthatconnects

computersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeof

information.ThewaythatyouusetheInternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork.

Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerof

yourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload（下载）files,how

muchdatayoucanstore,etc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslow.Accessing

theinformationcanbeverydifficult.

3.Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalled"thegrid"

（网络技术），anditwill

beanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether.The"grid11willwork

inadifferentwayfromtheInternetzenablingyoutogetthepowerofthe

biggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformation

willnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhile

youaccessinformation,youwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebigger

computerstations.

4.Oneadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocation

willbecomeirrelevant.The"grid*1willdecidewhicharethebestpartsof

aworldwidenetworktodothejobyouwant.Thismeansthatyoumaybeaccessing

acomputerinJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.

5.The"grid”canbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.

Youcangiveyourassistantataskand"he"willdoitforyou.Theassistant

willdothepreliminaryresearch,collectthedata,comparethemanddecide

onthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentresinthe

"grid**thathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Allyouhavetodois

assignthetask,sitbackandwait.

6.Atpresentzpossibleapplicationsofthe"grid"inscientificresearch

arebeingexplored.WhileithastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetuse

tobecomewidespread,expertsbelievethatthe"grid"couldbeupandrunning

forprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworkingon"grid"projects

areconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.

23>Paragraph2

A.Howdoesthe"grid"work?B.Powershared.

C.Justmakearequest.D.Limitationsof

presentInternetuse.

E.Distanceisnotaproblem.F.Aneweraforthe

Internet.

24、Paragraph3

25>Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

27、Traditionallythepowerofyourcomputerdetermineshowfastyoucanaccess

A.thebiggercomputerstationsB.theadvantage

C.tenyearsD.information

E.yourpersonalassistantF.fifteenyears

28、Thengrid"willenableyoutogetonyourcomputerthepowerof

intheworld.

29、The"grid"wouldbelike,whocanperformyourtasksefficiently.

30、Itisbelievedthatthewidespreaduseofthe"grid"willbecomepossible

inthenext.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

弟扁

TheEmicandEticApproaches

Researcherswhoareunfamiliarwiththeculturalandethnicgroupsthey

arestudyingmusttakeextraprecautionstoshedanybiasestheybringwith

themfromtheirownculture.Forexample,theymustmakesuretheyconstruct

measuresthataremeaningfulforeachoftheculturalorethnicminoritygroups

beingstudied.

Inconductingresearchonculturalandethnicminorityissuesz

investigatorsdistinguishbetweentheemicapproachandtheeticapproach.

Intheemicapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorinonecultureorethnic

groupintermthataremeaningfulandimportanttothepeopleinthatculture

orethnicgroup,withoutregardtootherculturesorethnicgroups.Inthe

eticapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorsothatgeneralizationscan

bemadeacrosscultures.Ifresearchersconstructaquestionnaireinanemic

fashion,theirconcernisonlythatthequestionsaremeaningfultothe

particularcultureorethnicgroupbeingstudied.If,however,theresearchers

constructaquestionnaireinanericfashion,theywanttoincludequestions

thatreflectconceptsfamiliartoallculturesinvolved.

Howmighttheemicandericapproachesbereflectedinthestudyoffamily

processes?Intheemicapproach,theresearchersmightchoosetofocusonly

onmiddle-classWhitefamilies,withoutregardtowhethertheinformation

obtainedinthestudycanbegeneralizedorisappropriateforethnicminority

groups.Inasubsequentstudy,theresearchersmaydecidetoadoptanetic

approachbystudyingnotonlymiddle-classWhitefamilies,butalsolower-income

Whitefamilies,BlackAmericanfamilies,SpanishAmericanfamilieszandAsian

Americanfamilies.Instudyingethnicminorityfamilies,theresearcherswould

likelydiscoverthattheextendedfamilyismorefrequentlyasupportsystem

inethnicminorityfamiliesthaninWhiteAmericanfamilies.Ifso,theemic

approachwouldrevealamoredifferentpatternoffamilyinteractionthan

wouldtheeticapproach,documentingthatresearchwithmiddleclassWhite

familiescannotalwaysbegeneralizedtoallethnicgroups.

31>Accordingtothefirstparagraph,researchersunfamiliarwiththetarget

culturesareinclinedto

A.beovercautiousinconstructingmeaningfulmeasures_______.

B.viewthemfromtheirownculturalperspective

C.guardagainstinterferencefromtheirownculture

D.acceptreadilywhatisalientotheirownculture

32>Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheemicapproachandtheericapproach?

A.Theyhavedifferentresearchfocusesinthestudyofethnicissues.

B.Theformerisbiasedwhilethelatterisobjective.

C.Theformerconcentratesonthestudyofculturewhilethelatteron

familyissues.

D.Theyarebothheavilydependentonquestionnairesinconductingsurveys.

33、Theeticapproachisconcernedwith.

A.thegeneralcharacterizesofminorityfamilies

B.culture-relatedconceptsofindividualethnicgroups

C.featuressharedbyvariousculturesorethnicgroups

D.theeconomicconditionsofdifferenttypesoffamilies

34、Comparedwiththeeticapproach,theemicapproachisapparentlymore

A.culturallyinteractiveB.culture-oriented

C.culturallybiasedD.culture-specific

35、Whichofthefollowingistrueoftheethnicminorityfamiliesinthe

U.S.accordingtothepassage?

A.Theirculturalpatternsateusuallymoreadaptable.

B.Theirculturalconceptsaredifficulttocomprehend.

C.Theydon*tinteractwitheachothersomuchasWhitefamilies.

D.TheyhavecloserfamilytiesthanWhitefamilies.

弟一^扁

AgeDiscrimination

Bytheyear2000nearlyhalftheworkforceinEuropeareover40andyet

throughoutEuropethereisadeepambivalence（犹豫）一ifnotoutright

suspicion-towardsthecapabilitiesofolderworkers.

Thoseovertheageof40generallytakelongertofindnewemployment,

butEuropeangovernmentshavedonelittletoprotecttheiremploymentrights.

OnlyGermany,withincentivestobusinesstoencouragetheemploymentofolder

people,andFrance,withtheintroductionoflegislationmakingitillegal

touseagebarriersinrecruitment-ortomakeemployeesredundantbecause

oftheiragedoneanythingsubstantivetocombatagediscrimination.

Yeteveninthesetwocountries；therehasbeennonoticeableimprovement

inthelotoftheolderworkers；indeed,inFrance,jobadvertisementsflout

（轻视，反对）thelawopenlybyaskingforapplicantsofacertainage.So,should

FranceandGermanybetighteninguptheirlawsandshouldtherestofEurope

followsuit?

BillRobbinszacareersconsultantsaid,"Legislationagainstage

discriminationhasbeeninexistenceforwellovertenyearintheU.S.and

Canada,buthashadnoeffect.Employerswillalwaysbeabletofindsome

reasonsforturningdownanolderapplicantwithoutappearingtobreakthe

law."

Ironically,itwasgovernmentswhichplayedaleadingroleinhardening

businesscultureagainstolderworkersinthefirstplace.Inthelate1970s,

manyEuropeancountrieswereextremelyconcernedaboutthelevelsofyouth

unemployment,andFrance,GermanyandBelgiumeveninitiatedincentiveschemes

forbusinessestoencourageolderemployeestotakeearlyretirementprovided

thatyoungertraineesweretakenonintheirplace.Asmoreandmoreemployees

tookearlyretirement,oftenwillingly,anew,youth-orientedculturepermeated

businessthroughoutmostofEurope-eveninthosecountriesthathadtaken

noactivemeasurestopromoteit.

Demographic（人口统计学的）trendsmeanthatgovernmentsarenowanxiousto

slowdownthepolicyofearlyretirementastheyrealizethattheysimply

donothavethefundstomeettheirpensionpromises.Butreversingbusiness

attitudesisnoeasymatter.DianahWormanapolicyadvisersaid,"Thereis

awidelyheldbeliefthatolderpeoplearelessadaptableandtrainable.This

isjustnottrue：researchhasshownthatdifferencesincapabilityareas

widewithinagegroupsastheyarebetweenthem.n

36、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheEuropeanattitudeto

olderworkers?

A.Dislike.B.Disapproval.C.Distrust.D.

Disappointment.

37、France,U.S.andCanadahavealltakenwhichofthefollowingstepsto

discourageagediscrimination?

A.Encouragebusinessestoemployolderpeoplebyofferingrewards.

B.Makeagediscriminationinrespectofemploymentillegal.

C.Enforceagediscriminationlawsstrictly.

D.Refusetoemployyoungerworkers.

38、Thispassageisaimedto.

A.createmorejobopportunitiesforolderworkers

B.tellolderworkershowtosolvetheirproblems

C.callforEuropeangovernments1concernaboutolderworkers1problem

D.revealtheimportanceoflegislationagainstagediscrimination

39、Whatdidgovernmentsdotodiscouragetheemploymentofolderworkers

inthe1970s?

A.Offerearlyretirementtoallemployees.

B.Setspecificagelimitsforemployment.

C.Onlyemployyoungertrainees.

D.Offerincentivestobusinessestotakeonyoungeremployees.

40、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTthecause,forolderworkers1

probleminemployment?

A.Olderpeople*sinabilitytoadapttonewmethods.

B.LackofprotectionofferedbyEuropeangovernments.

C.Advertisementsspecifyingadesiredageforapplicants.

D.Popularbeliefsandattitudesfavoringyoungerworkers.

力—^植

TheDevelopmentofPersonality

Personalityistolargeextentinherent.A-typeparentsusuallybringA-type

offspring.Buttheenvironmentmustalsohaveaprofoundeffect,sinceif

competitionisimportanttotheparents,itislikelytobecomeamajorfactor

inthelivesoftheirchildren.

Oneplacewherechildrensoakup（浸泡）acharacteristicisschool,which

iszbyitsverynature,ahighlycompetitiveinstitution.Toomanyschools

adopttheHwinatallcosts"moralstandardandmeasuretheirsuccessbysporting

achievements.Thecurrentpassionformakingchildrencompeteagainsttheir

classmatesoragainsttheclockproducesatwo-layersystem,inwhich

competitiveA-typesseeminsomewaybetterthantheirB-typefellows.Being

tookeentowincanhavedangerousconsequences：RememberthatPhilippines,

thefirstmarathonrunner,droppeddeadsecondsaftersaying,"Rejoice,We

conquer!"

Byfartheworstformofcompetitioninschoolsisthedisproportionate

emphasisonexaminations.Itisarareschoolthatallowspupilstoconcentrate

onthosethingstheydowell.Themeritsofcompetitionbyexaminationare

somewhatquestionable,butcompetitioninthecertainknowledgeoffailure

ispositivelyharmful.

Obviously,itisneitherpracticalnordesirablethatallAyoungsters

changeintoB's.Theworldneedstypeszandschoolshaveanimportantduty

totrytofitachild'spersonalitytohidepossiblefutureemployment.It

istopmanagement.

Ifthepreoccupationofschoolswithacademicworkwaslessened,moretime

mightbespentteachingchildrensurervalues.Perhapsselectionforthecaring

professions,especiallymedicine,couldbemadelessbygoodgradesinchemistry

andmorebysuchconsiderationsassensitivityandsympathy.Itissurely

amistaketochooseourdoctorsexclusivelyformA-typestock.B'sareimportant

andshouldbeencouraged.

41、Inline2,Para.2theword"institution"refersto.

A.establishmentB.socialcustomC.lawD.

school

42、Accordingtothepassage,A-typeindividualsareinmostcases.

A.impatientB.considerateC.aggressiveD.

agreeable

43、Theauthorstronglyobjectstothepracticeofexaminationatschools

because_______.

A.thepressureistoogreatonthestudentsB.somestudents

areboundtofail

C.failureratesaretoohighD.theresultsof

examinationsaredoubtful

44、Theselectionofmedicalprofessionalsiscurrentlybasedon.

A.candidates1sensitivityB.academic

achievements

C.competitivespiritD.surervalues

45、Fromthepassage,wecandrawtheconclusionthat.

A.thepersonalityofachildiswellestablishedatbirth

B.familyinfluencedominatestheshapingofone1scharacteristics

C.thedevelopmentofone*spersonalityisduetomultiplefactors

D.B-typecharacteristicscanfindnoplaceinacompetitivesociety

第5部分：补全短文

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

What*sLackingin"Sicko11?

Whenitcomestoeconomicdecisionsztherearealwaystradeoffs（取舍）.

Gainonethingandyoul