2022版高中北师大版英语一轮复习学案：必修3Unit9Wheels

Unit9Wheels

主题：人与社会子话题：学与技术对应教材：必修2Unit1Cyberspace;必栈•3Unit9Wheel，：选修7

Unit20NewFrontiers

zStep1诵读胫典•渗透文化意谓切.

I.细品味经典文章

（2019,全国卷H）

Bacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.The

microorganisms（彳散生物）fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfaces

oftheInternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaning

themupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?

It'sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.Itis

dependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclassrooms,liketheonescience

teachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHigh

SchoolinFairport,NewYork.

HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASA

engineers.Forthepasttwoyears,Gordon'sstudentshavebeenstudying

waystokillbacteriainzerogravity,andtheythinkthey'reclosetoa

solution（解决方案）."Wedon'tgivethestudentsanybreaks.They

havetodoitjustlikeNASAengineers,〃saysFlorenceGold,aproject

manager.

“Therearenotests,"Gordonsays."Thereisnogradedhomework.

Therealmostarenogrades,otherthan'Areyouworkingtowardsyour

goal?'Basically,it'sTvegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheend

oftheyear,presentittoNASA.'Engineerscomeandreallydoan

in-personreview,and...it'snotaverynicethingattimes.It'sa

hardbusinessreviewofyourproduct.”

GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpact(影响)oncollege

admissionsandpracticallifeskills."Thesekidsaresoabsorbedintheir

studiesthatIjustsitback.Idon'tteach,"Andthatannoyingbacteria?

GordonsayshisstudentsareemailingdailywithNASAengineersaboutthe

problem,readyingaworkablesolutiontotestinspace.

II.按要求完成任务

1.写出文章中与科技相关的单词和短语。

bacteria,microorganism.InternationalSpaceStation,astronaut,

engineer,zerogravity

2.写出文章中的优美句式

(l)HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthidischoolclassroomswithNASA

engineers.

(2)GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpactoncollegeadmissions

andpracticallifeskills.

(3)GordonsavshisstudentsareemailingdailywithNASAengineers

abouttheproblem,readyingaworkablesolutiontotestinspace.

.Step2固本强基•被造语言靛力I什

I.重点词汇

1.benefitvi.&n.得益，好处；有益于

•【典型例句】

Developingagoodhabitisalsoofimportance.Itreallybenefitedmea

lottopreviewlessons,getactivelyinvolvedinclass,andreviewwhat

hadbeentaughtafterclass.养成一个好习惯也很重要。预习课程，积

极参与课堂活动，课后复习所学知识，让我受益匪浅。

•【词块必记】

⑴benefitsb.使某人受益

benefitfrom/by从...中受益

(2)beof(great)benefitto...对……（大）有裨益

forthebenefitof...为了……的利益

⑶beneficialadj.有益的；有好处的

bebeneficialtosb.对某人有益

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Takingexerciseregularlywillbebeneficial(benefit)toyourhealth.

②Asisknowntousall,booksarethesourceofknowledge,from

whichwecanbenefitalot.

(3)lfIamluckyenoughtobeelectedasthedirectorofcommunity,Iwill

makeeveryefforttoserveforthebenefitofresidentsandourcommunity.

语段填词

④Asweallknow,freshairisbeneficialtoourhealthandthenewpark

benefitsusall,soweshouldkeepitclean.

众所周知，新鲜的空气有益于我们的健康，新的公园对我们大家都有

好处，所以我们应该保持它的清洁。

【知识拓展】多多〃有好处〃

①benefit②bebeneficialto

(3)beofbenefitto④begoodfor

⑤dogoodto

2.convenientadj.方便的，便利的

.【典型例句】

MayIcomeandtalkwithyouwheneverit'sconvenient?

在你方便时我能来和你谈谈吗？

•【词块必记】

(l)itisconvenientforsb.todosth.

某人方便做某事

(2)conveniencen.方便，便利；便利的事物（或设施）；方便

的用具

atone'sconvenience在某人方便的时候

forconvenience为了方便

foronesconvenience

为了某人方便

fortheconvenienceofsb.

【误区释疑】convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用事物作

主语或用it来充当形式主语，后接不定式的主动形式。

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Wehaveprovidedchargingplaceandrestingroomfortheconvenience

ofourcustomers.

②Wehopethatyouwillattendourbirthdaypartythistonightifitis

convenient(convenience)foryou.

(3)lfyouareinterestedinthepositionpostedthelocalpaper,please

sendyourresumeatyourearliestconvenience.

语段填词

(4)Youcangoatyourconvenience,butifitisnotconvenientforyou,you

canremainforanothertwodays.Foryourconvenience,Iwillleave

somefurnitureforyoutouse.(convenient)

完成句子

⑤代isveryconvenienttopavbycreditcard.

用信用卡付款非常方便。

3.admitvt,承认，供认；准许……入内；准许……加入；接收入院

.【典型例句】

Sheadmittedhavingdriventhecarwithoutinsurance.

她供认驾驶了这辆没有保险的轿车。

•【词块必记】

(l)admitdoingsth.承认做某事

admitthat.承认

admit...tobe/as...承认……是……

Itisgenerallyadmittedthat..一致公认...

(2)admitsb./sth.into/to允许某人/某物进入

beadmittedto被录取；被接纳

(3)admissionn.承认；允许进入；入场费,

门票费

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Heisuniversallyadmittedtobe(be)oneofthefirstpoliticiansat

present.

©MichiganwasadmittedtotheUnitedStatesin1837,asthetwenty-sixth

state.

句式转换

(3)Asaman,youshouldhavethecouragetoadmityourmistakes.

->Asaman,youshouldhavethecouragetoadmithavingmade

mistakes.

玲Asaman,youshouldhavethecouragetoadmitthatvouhavemade

mistakes.

4.occupyvt.居住；占用，使用；占领；使忙碌，使从事

•【典型例句】

Sheoccupiedherselfwithroutineofficetasks.

她忙于办公室的日常工作。

•【词块必记】

(l)occupysb./oneselfwithsth./(in)doingsth.使某人忙于

(做)某事

⑵occupiedadj.有人使用(或居住)的；被占领的

sb.beoccupiedwithsth./(in)doingsth.某人忙于(做)某事

(3)occupationn.职业，工作

【知识拓展】常用的表示〃忙于做某事〃的搭配还有：

①bebusywithsth./doingsth.

②beemployed(in)doingsth.

③beengagedinsth.

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

®lthinkIwaslookingforanoccupation(occupy)whichwassuitablefor

me.

(2)1havebeensooccupied(occupy)withmyworkthatIhaven'thadtime

toparticipateinsocialactivities.

一句多译

③课堂上学生们忙于记笔记。

Thestudentswereoccupiedintakingnotesinclass.

二Thestudentsoccupiedthemselvesintakingnotesinclass.

完成句子

④ShereachedKarachionMondayevening,thejourneyhavingoccupied

threedavsandninehours.

她在星期一晚上抵达了卡拉奇，这段行程耗时3天9小时。

5.damagevt.&n.损害，损失

.【典型例句】

Environmentalistswillbeonthewatchfordamagetowildlife.环保主义

者将会密切关注对野生动物造成的伤害。

•【词块必记】

⑴damagesth.损害/损坏/破坏某物

(2)do/causedamage(tosb./sth.)(对某人/某物)造成损害

sufferdamage遭受损失

⑶damages(p/.)赔款；赔偿(金)

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.

②Withoutoxygen,thebrainisdamaged(damage)quickly.

完成句子

③Medicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure(造成的

伤害比治愈的要多).

④HewarnedthattheactionwasdamaHn。theeconomy.

他警告说该行动正在对经济造成破坏。

II.核心短语

6.workout锻炼身体，做运动；解决，解答；计算出

•【典型例句】

Thingswillturnforthebetterifwecanworkoutsomeparticipationrules

forpeopletoobey.Therefore,Iholdapositiveattitudetowards

onlinevoting.

如果我们能制订出一些让人们遵守的参与规则，事情会变得更好。因此,

我对网上投票持积极的态度。

•【词块必记】

workatsth,致力于/努力做某事

workas担任；以身份而工作

workon从事于；努力影响或说服；忙于

•【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义

①Thelackofgravitymakesbonesmorefragileandmuscleslosestrength,

soastronautsareencouragedtoworkoutforatleasttwohoursaday.

（锻炼身体）

②Inthat,youhavetoworkouttheexactcostofthetwo-coursemeal

youcook.

（计算出）

@SodifficultdidIfindittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoask

Tomforadvice.（解决，解答）

④Theresearchcentreworkedoutanewplananddecidedtocarryitout

immediately.（制订出）

7.relyon依赖，依靠；指望

•【典型例句】

Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.

现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作,

•【词块必记】

relyonsb.forsth.为了某物依赖某人

relyonsb.todosth.指望某人做某事

bereliedontodosth.被信赖做某事

relyonitthat..相信……；指望

【误区释疑】在"relyonit+that从句〃中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语

是后面的that从句。

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

(DYOUcan'tjustrelyonyourparentslending/tolend(lend)youthe

money.

②Ifweexpectpeopletogiveupthehabitofdriving,wemustgivethem

analternativetheycanrelyon.

句式升级

(3)Youmayrelyonhiscomingontime.

->Youmayrelyonhimtocomeontime.(用不定式改写)

->Youmayrelyonitthathewillcomeontime.(用it作形式宾语改写)

III.经典句式

8.8wasanAmericanmancalledHenryFordwhocreatedthemotorcar

asweknowittoday.

是一位叫亨利・福特的美国人创造了我们今天所知道的汽车。

•【典型例句】

Infact,trafficrulesarepartoftherulesandregulationscloselyrelatedto

publicorder.Itisthepeoplewhoobeytherulesthatmatter.事实上,

交通规则是与公共秩序密切相关的规章制度的一部分。重要的是要有

遵守规则的人。

•【句型公式】

⑴陈述句形式：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...

⑵一般疑问句形式：Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who...?

⑶特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+is/wasit+that/who...?

⑷含有not...until...的句式：Itis/wasnotuntil...

that.,.

.【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Itismymotherwhocooksdeliciousmealforuseveryday.

(2)ltwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tattendthemeeting.

(3)ltwasn'tuntilhegotseriouslyillthatheknewtheimportanceofhealth.

完成句子

④Asaresult,itwashisencouragementthat(那正是他的鼓励)ledto

mysuccess.

⑤Itwasnotuntilallthnfishintheriverdiedoutthat(直至，可里所有的

鱼都死光了)theyrealizedtheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.

【备选要点】

1.consequencen.后果，结果

.【典型例句】

Tobeginwith,thenameofthemovieisGrowingTogether,whichis

aboutthedevelopmentofourbelovedschool;asaconsequence,it

willbenotonlymeaningfulbutalsointeresting.

首先，电影的名字是《一起成长》，讲述的是关于我们心爱的学校的发

展的故事；因此，它不仅有意义而且有趣。

•【词块必记】

asaconscciucnccof)

(1),f因为，由于

inconsequenceofJ

inconsequence/asaconsequence结果，因止匕

take/suffertheconsequences承担后果，自食其果

(2)consequentad/.随之发生的；作为结果的

consequently=asaconsequence=asaresult因此，所以

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①TheInternetincreasedoptionsformovielovers.

Consequently(conseauent),someviewersbegantoturnawayfrom

cinemas.

©NowadaysmanyyoungpeopleareevenaddictedtotheInternet.In

consequence(conseauent),surfingtheInternetoccupiesmuchoftheir

pricelesstime.

【知识拓展】〃由于，因为”方式多

①becauseof②asaresultof

③inconsequenceof@asaconsequenceof

⑤onaccountof⑥thanksto

2.arguevi.争辩，争吵vt.争辩；证明

•【典型例句】

We'realwaysarguingwitheachotheraboutmoney.

我们总是为钱吵嘴。

•【词块必记】

(l)arguewithsb.on/about/oversth.

就某事与某人争论

arguefor/against...赞成/反对……

arguesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事

arguesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事

arguethat...提出理由说明；主张……

(2)argumentn.争论，辩论；论据，论点

haveanargumentwithsb.about/oversth.

就某事和某人发生争论

【构词法】

argu(e)+-ment(名词后缀)玲argumentn.争论，争吵

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①AsfarasIknow,theyargueforthewaytosolvetheproblem.

②WhenTomwentforthethirdoperation,hearguedwithhismother.

完成句子

③他反对吸烟。

Hearguedagainstsmoking.

④他争辩说吸烟有害健康。

Hearguedthatsmokingwashamifultohealth.

句式升级

⑤用非谓语动词连接③④句

Hearguedagainstsmoking,arguin日thatsmokingwasharmfulto

health.

完成句子

@Hearguedthattheyneededmoretimetofinishtheproject.

他提出理由说明他们需要更多的时间来完成该项目。

3.contentn.容纳的东西；内容；目录；容量adj.满足的；满意

的vt.使满足

•【典型例句】

Firehascausedseveredamagetothecontentsofthebuilding.火灾导

致那栋大楼里的东西严重损毁。

【词块必记】

feel/becontentwith对……满足/满意

becontenttodosth.满足于做某事

contentoneselfwith满足于

【误区释疑】content作〃容纳的东西，目录〃讲时，常用复数形式；作

〃含量〃讲时用单数。

•【巧学助记】

内容目录含量容器所装之物

contentscontentscontentcontents

•【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义

①Iwonderedwhetherhehadalreadyknownthecontentsofmy

telegram.（内容）

②BythetimeIcontentedmyselfwiththeconclusionthatheandIwere

strangers.

（使满足）

③Somestudiesanalyzedthenutritionalcontentofthefoods,including

keyvitamins,mineralsandfats.（含量）

完成句子

④Arevoucontent/satisfied/pleasedwiththeshapeofyournose?Ifnot,

theclimatemaybetoblame,notyourparents.

你对你的鼻子形状满意吗？如果不满意的话，可能要归咎于气候而不

是你的父母。

4.appreciatevt.欣赏，鉴赏；感谢

•【典型例句】

Iwouldappreciateitifyoupaidincash.

假如你支付现金的话，我会不胜感激。

•【词块必记】

⑴appreciatesth.欣赏某物；感谢某事

appreciate（sb./sb.勺）doingsth.感谢（某人）做某事

Iwouldappreciateitif...如果...我将不胜感激

⑵appreciationn.欣赏；感激

【误区释疑】appreciate表示〃感激〃时不用人作宾语，而以sth.

/doing作宾语；也可后接it+if从句。

【知识拓展】

当某些及物动词由于语义的因素需要在其后接由if或when引导的状语

从句时，习惯上要在状语从句前加一个it一一这类及物动词除

appreciate外，还有enjoy,hate,love,like,dislike,prefer等。

•【语境速测】完成句子

(1)1wouldappreciateit(我将感激不尽)ifyoucouldgivemesuchan

opportunitytoshowmytalent.

②Iappreciateaourefforts(感谢你的努力)forthedevelopmentof

company.

(3)lntimeyou'llappreciatethebeautyandsubtletyofthislanguage.

总有一天你会体会到这门语言的优美和微妙之处。

语段填词

@1wouldappreciateitifyouwillofferyourhandsinourprojectandto

showourappreciation,wewillinviteyoutoappreciatetheexhibitofour

achievementsinthefuture,(appreciate)

5.suitvt.适合；合(某人)心意

•【典型例句】

Ifyouwanttogobybus,thatsuitsmefine.

要是你想坐公共汽车走，那对我也合适。

•【词块必记】

(l)suitone'sneed/suittheneedof满足……的需求

suitone'staste适合某人的口味

suit...to...使……适合于……

besuitedtosth.适合某事

(2)suitableadj.适合的，适宜的

besuitablefor...适合于……

besuitabletodosth.适合做某事

【易混辨析】〃适合〃之辨

指符合某人的口味，或衣服颜色、款式、质

suit

地等的相配或适合，穿起来协调、好看

fit指大小、尺寸合身

match指在大小、色彩、形状、性质方面搭配

gowith与...相配，协调（与match用法较相似）

■【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Itsenvironmentissuitableforthegrowthofmarinelife.

②Theirancestorsmigratedalongtheriver;tryingtosearchfora

suitable(suit)areatosettle.

©Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoand

naturallysuited(suit)tocommunicationsandtrade.

句型转换

④Thiskindofaccommodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandsuits

thelong-staystudentsbetter.

3Thiskindofaccommodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandismore

suitablefortheIon日・stavstudents.

•【写作金句】

OwingtoyourinterestinChineseculture,Irecommendthatyoushould

choosethePekingUniversity,whoseChineseLiteraturemajorsuitsyou,

whereyoucanbecompletelyimmersedinChinesecomprehensivehistory

andrichculture.鉴于你对中国文化的兴趣，我建议你应该选择北京

大学，它的中国文学专业适合你，在那儿你可以完全沉浸在中国的悠

久的历史和丰富的文化中。

6.addictedadj.沉溺于...的；上瘾的

•【典型例句】

Mychildrenarehopelesslyaddictedtotelevision.

我的几个孩子都无可救药地成了电视迷。

•【词块必记】

(l)be/become/getaddictedto对...上瘾

⑵addictiveadj,使人上瘾的

⑶addictionn.上瘾，着迷，嗜好

【知识拓展】

以下动词短语中的to均为介词：leadto,lookforwardto,devote...

to.,getdownto,stickto,objectto,referto,accustomoneselfto,

get/be/become/used(accustomed)to。

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Weareaddictedtobuying(buv)newthingsontheInternet.

②Theycomefromdifferentplaces,buttheyallshareacommon

addiction(addict)—foodthatisnotjustspicy(辛辣的).

语段填词

(3)Thelatestresearchsuggeststhatteenagerswhoareaddictedtothe

addictiveInternetaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.Tomake

mattersworse,theaddictionwillbehardtogetridof.(addict)

7.takeplace举行;发生

.【典型例句】

日ectionswillnowtakeplaceonNovemberthetwenty-fifth.选举现定

于11月25日举行。

•【词块必记】

(l)taketheplaceof代替

takeone'splace取代；就座

(2)inthefirstplace起初；首先

inplaceof代替

intheplaceof在...位置上

inplace在正确位置；准备妥当

outofplace位置不当；不得体

•【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义

①Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwith

memories.

（曲

②FirstlyIcollectedallthebooks,newspapersandotherthingsscattered

intheroomsandputtheminplace.（在正确位置）

8.goup上升，升起;（从一处）到（另一处）

•【典型例句】

Hebelievesfoodpriceswillgoupinthefuture.

他认为食品价格将来会上涨。

•【词块必记】

goaround/round到处走；流传，传开

gothrough检查；通过；经历

gowith与相配；和一起

gowithout没有也行

goby时间逝去；过去

goon持续

goonsale出售

goout外出

•【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义

①IwentuptothemandaskedhowIcouldhelp.（靠近）

②Weplayedallourfreshstringintotheboys'kitesand

theywentuphigherandhigher.（上升）

语段填词

③Astimegoesbv,wehavetoHOthroughsomechangesandadaptto

them.Nowyouneedtobuythetapestogowiththetextbookto

practiceyourlistening,(go的短语)

随着时间逝去，我们不得不经历一些变化并且适应它们。现在，你需要

买一些与课本相配的磁带来练习你的听力。

9.Thenew/zwhitebike"isnotactuallywhitebutisanunusualdesign

withbrightcolours.

新的〃白色自行车〃不是真正的白色，而是设计独特，颜色鲜亮。

.【句型公式】

(l)not...but...不是...而是,表示取舍关系，常连接

主语、表语和宾语。

(2)not...but...连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与but后的

主语保持一致，即就近原则。

(3)notonly...butalso...;neither...nor...和

either...or...也有此用法。

•【语境速测】完成句子

①Thechilddoesn'tresemblehisfatherbuthismother(彳］像他的父亲而

像他的母亲).

②Theaimoftheshowisnottocreateahitprogrambuttoattractmore

peopletomuseums(不是创造某个热点节目而是为了吸引更多的人来

博物馆).

10.PeoplehavebeeneniavinHthebenefitsofcyclinginAmsterdamfor

years.

在阿姆斯特丹，多年来人们一直在享受骑自行车的好处。

.【典型例句】

Asastudent,IhavebeenlearningMandarinformanyyears.

作为一名学生，我多年来一直学习普通话。

•【句型公式】

⑴现在完成进行时表示到现在为止一直进行的动作，这个动作可能仍

在进行，也可能停止了。

⑵现在完成进行时由"have/has+been+v.・ing〃构成；否定形式

zzhave/has+not+been+v.・ing";疑问形式是将have/has提到主语前。

.【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Theteamhavebeentraining(train)hardinpreparationforthebig

game.

②Mykidshavebeenannoying(annov)meandthelaststrawwaswhen

mycarbrokedown.

③Shepublishedherfirstshortstoryattheageoffifteen,andhas

completedalargenumberofworks,whichhavebeen

translated(translate)intofortylanguages.

zStep3强化检测•提升学习能力l

I.单句语法填空

1.(2020•全国I卷)Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefits(benefit)

withrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewer

injuries.Itdoes,however;haveitsownproblem.

2.(2020•全国HI卷)1couldseethemactually(actual)walkingunderthe

sea.

3.(2020•全国H卷)Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplay

withpuzzlesmorefreauently(frequent),andbothboysandgirlswho

playedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.

4.(2020•全国II卷)DesignerJenniferAndersonadmits(admit)ittook

herawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforher

creationsismorallyacceptable.

5.(2020•全国HI卷)Thisisoftenappreciated(appreciate)sinceata

housewarmingthereisn'talotoffoodserved.

II.语法填空

WewerewalkinginthestreettothenearInternetbaronaweekend

whenacarknockeddownTom.Weallstoodthere,1.

frightened(frighten)andunmoved.Itwasobviousthatthecarcouldn't

pull2.upimmediately.Luckily,apasser-bygavehimfirstaid

immediately.AfterawhileTomcametohimselfslowly.Itwasthe

passer-by3.whosavedTom'slife.Wewereallgratefultohim.

Afterwards,wehadtothinkaboutwhysuchabadaccidenthappenedto

us.Ifwehadn'tgonetothebar,probablyitwouldn'thaveoccurred.

I4.admit(admit)thattheInternetisofgreatbenefittous.Onthe

onehand,itis5.convenient(convenience)forustodomanythings.

Wecan6.appreciate(appreciate)allkindsofprogramsontheInternet.

Ontheotherhand,thereareamountsofusefulinformationonthe

Internetavailabletous.Butnowadayssomepeoplerely7.onthe

Internettoomuchandmanyyoungpeopleareeven8.addicted(addict)

toit.Inconsequence,surfingtheInternet9.occupies(occuDv)muchof

theirtime.Lastweekweheldameeting10.arguing(argue)aboutthe

advantagesanddisadvantagesoftheInternet.Atlast,weworkedouta

plantocontrolthetimewewouldspendsurfingtheInternet.

III.短文改错

IhavebeeninterestinginthecomputersinceIwasableoperateit.I

thinkitisaamazinginvention.Lastsummer,whenIwasinNewYork,

Igotoacomputerexhibition,whereIsawanewtypeofrobotcalling

Kilroy.Itcanhelpdisabledworkers.Itcanunderstandit'sowner;and

followinstructionssuchas"Turnthepage”.Somerobotsarealsousedin

Americanhospitals.Theycandosimplyjobs.Forexample,they

brushpatients'toothinthemorningandtakesmealsfromthekitchento

thepatients'rooms.Theynevergetlostbecauseoftheyhaveamapof

thehospitalintheircomputermemory.

答案：

IhavebeeninterestinginthecomputersinceIwas

interested

ableAoperateit.Ithinkitisaamazinginvention.Last

toan

summer,whenIwasinNewYork,Igotoacomputer

went

exhibitionwhereIsawanewtypeofrobotcallingKilroy,

called

Itcanhelpdisabledworkers.Itcanunderstandifsowner

its

andfollowinstructionssuchas“Turnthepage”.Some

robotsarealsousedinAmericanhospitals.Theycando

simplyjobs.Forexample,theybrushpatients'loolhinthe

simpleteeth

morningandtakesmealsfromthekitchentothepatients'

take

rooms.Theynevergetlostbecausetheyhaveamapof

thehospitalintheircomputermemory.

1.第一句interestingfinterested。考查・ing和・ed形式的形容词。

interested表示“感兴趣的〃;interesting“令人感到有趣的“。根据句意，这

里指作者对电脑感兴趣。

2.第一句able后面加to。考查不定式。beabletodosth.表示“能够

做什么〃。

3.第二句afan。考查冠词。amazing是发音以元音音素开头的单词，

其前面应用不定冠词

ano

4.第三句gofwent。考查时态。本句讲的是去年夏天的事情，应用

一般过去时。

5.第三句calling玲called。考查过去分词。根据句意这里指这个机器

人被叫作〃Kilroy",故用过去分词表被动。

6.第五句it'sfits。考查代词。it's是itis或ithas的缩写。根据句意，

这里应用its,表示“它的”。

7.第七句simply玲simple。考查形容词和副词。本词后面是名词jobs,

因此应用形容词修饰名词。

8.第八句toothteetho考查名词单复数。这里指机器人给病人刷牙，

tooth应该使用复数。

9.第八句takes玲take。考查主谓一致。本句的主语是"they",谓语动

词应该用复数。

10.第九句去掉第一个of。考查介词。because后面接从句，becauseof

后面接名词、代词和what引导的从句等。

Step4直击高考•培赤思催国质

核心素养坨养学生创新精神.以及不断提高自我的意识：使学生认队我国科技的发展现状.增强民族自杂感

高考链接2020•全国I卷阅读理解D；2O2O•全国I卷讲法填空；2019•全国卷I阅读理解C；2019•全国卷II阅读

:理解D,2019•全国卷ID阅读理解D卷019・全国卷ID完形填空;2卷9・北京高考阅读理解C

I.话题与阅读理解

（2019•北京高考阅读理解C）

Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenow

refusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon'tknow.Bynextyear,half

ofthecallswereceivewillbescams（欺诈）.Wearefinallywakingupto

theseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,

appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.

Unfortunately,it'stoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese"solutions”（解决

方案）becomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverer

means.Inthenearfuture,it'snotjustgoingtobethenumberyousee

onyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhether

thevoiceyou'rehearingisactuallyreal.

That'sbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation

（处理）andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidely

availableforanyonetouse.Atthisyear'sI/OConference,acompany

showedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincing

human-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbook

areservationwithoutdetection.

Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswith

robocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehasless

todowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches（数据侵

A）ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscan

easilylearnyourmother'sname,andfarmore.Armedwiththis

knowledge,they'reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignsto

cheatpeople.Thismeans,forexample,thatascammercouldcallyou

fromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethat

soundsexactlylikeyourbankteller's,trickingyouinto“confirming”your

address,mother'sname,andcardnumber.Scammersfollowmoney,so

companieswillbetheworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthe

phone,andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voice

manipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthatgradually.

Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.

Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysof

determiningandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneither

developingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenand

whotheyweremadeby,orabandoningphonecallsaltogetherandmoving

towardsdata-basedcommunications—usingappslikeFaceTimeor

WhatsApp,whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity.

Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonly

goingtogetharderfromhereonout.

【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文。随着声音处理技术和自动化技术的

发展，自动语音电+话的逼真程度越来越高，我们越来越难辨别真假,

这一问题导致可信度难以建立，但是失去却很容易。

1.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstotheproblemof

robocalls?

A.Panicked.B.Confused.

C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.

选D。推理判断题。根据第一段中“Unfortunately,it'stoolittle,toolate."

可知，作者很失望，故选D。

2.Takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies,scammerscan.

A.aimatvictimsprecisely

B.damagedatabaseseasily

C.startcampaignsrapidly

D.spreadinformationwidely

选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中Armedwiththisknowledge,they'reable

tocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.可知他们

可以精确地开展诈骗。故选A。

3.Whatdoesthepassageimply?

A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.

B.Technologiescanbedouble-edged.

C.Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.

D.Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.

选Bo推理判断题。本文主要讲了随着声音处理技术和自动化技术的发

展，自动语音电+话更加逼真，难辨真伪；当然新技术更多的是带给我

们便利和好处，所以事情要辩证地看待，故选B。

4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRooted

B.WhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocalls

C.WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerous

D.HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnology

选C。主旨大意题。本文主要分析了自动语音电+话会越来越难辨别的

原因，而且