非谓语动词-动词不定式 高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

Lesson3非谓语动词

---不定式目录非谓语概念不定式非谓语动词的概念××eating<totoeateatingtalkingminced不受主语限制，没有人称和时间的变化非谓语动词限定句子的时间等状态，做句子的主动词谓语非谓语动词的不定式动词的不定式（todo）主语宾语宾语补足语表语（主语补语）定语状语todo不定式作句子的主语动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数；也可用it做形式主语，此时不定式置于句末。①It+v./be+n.+todosth.

Itmeansfailuretoloseyourheart.②Itis+adj.(+of/forsb.)+todosth.(此时，不定式的逻辑主语是of/for前的sb.）Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.③Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.Ittakesmefifteenminutestogettoschoolbybus.宾语1.常接不定式作宾语的动词有want,hope,wish,offer,plan,wouldlike,pretend,manage,agree,promise,refuse,decide,expect,help.2.有的动词既可以接不定式做宾语，也可以接动名词作宾语，且相互之间意义差别不大：like,love,prefer,hate,bother,begin,start,continue.3.而有些动词接不定式作宾语时，与接动名词做宾语时意思不同。如：

stoptodosomething停下（正在做的事情）去做另一件事stopdoingsomething停止做（正在做的）某事remember/forgettodosomething记得/忘记要做某事(事情还没做)remember/forgetdoingsomething记得/忘记做过某事（事情已经做了）regrettodosomething很遗憾要去做某事regretdoingsomething后悔做了某事

在复合宾语结构（宾语+宾补）中，会使用it做形式宾语，而真正的宾语todo则置于宾补后面。接复合宾语结构的动词有find,think,feel等。find/think/feel+it+adj.+todosth.IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglish.宾补：加在宾语之后，对宾语起补充说明的作用宾语宾语补足语使役动词或感官动词在加宾补时要省略toIsawhimcrosstheroad.当其改为被动语态时，不定式的to要加回去Hewasseentocrosstheroad.表语（主语补语）=定语1.位置：不定式一般做后置定语修饰前面的名词/代词(人/物)。2.不定式与修饰词之间的关系：动宾关系，主谓关系，同位关系及状语关系。Ineedapentowritewith.Sheisalwaysthefirstpersontocomeandthelasttoleave.Imustkeepthepromisetopaywithinamonth.That'sthewaytodoit.状语表原因Iwassurprisedtogetathumbs-up.IwassurprisedbecauseIgotathumbs-up.表目的Iwilldoanythingtogetathumbs-up.Iwilldoanything

inorderthatIgetathumbs-up.表结果Igotenoughthumbs-uptomakeanothervideoIgotenoughthumbs-up,sothatImadeanothervideo.不定式的各种形式一般式进行式完成式主动式todotobedoingtohavedone被动式tobedone/tohavebeendone否定式not+相应形式Heseemstoknowthis.Thismeetingistobeheldnextweek.Shepretendedtobereadingbookswhenhepassed.I'msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.Theearliestairplaneissaidtohavebeeninventedinthe1900s.

1.Itisalsobelieved_________(possess)theabilitytobalancetheflowofQi,avitalenergyforcewithinthebody.2.Somehaveevengonesofarastosetupadvertisements__________(welcome)Fubaobackhome.3.Preventionisalwaysbetterthancure;don’twaituntilthedogshowsatendency__________(attack)peoplebeforeseekingasolution.4.Ononehand,manybelievethatdigitalartisnot“real”artan