英语阅读中文翻译

11.Thedamagescenariosapplicabletosinglesideskinbulkcarriersassumeinitialdamagetothe

primarybarrier,formedbytheshellandhatchcovers,followedbythefailureofthesecondary

barrierformedbythedoublebottomandthetransversebulkheads（这里讲述损坏情况主次之分，

首先是主要屏障的损坏，其次是次要损坏，①.Primarybarrierfailurecouldoccurinoneoftwo

ways（主要屏障发生故障通常是两种方式之0②.Thesideshell（侧舷外板）couldbedamaged

损坏or或者thehatchcovers（舱口盖板）couldfail失效underthepressurefromgreenseas

（仓面绿浪击水）ondeckorbesweptaway（在舱面绿浪积水对甲板的压力和冲刷下），

therebyallowingwatertoenterthehold从而让水进入货舱③.Themostlikelycauseofinitial

sideshellfailure舷侧外板故障最可能的原因，otherthancollision除了碰撞以外，resultsfrom

theprogressivereductionofsupportfromcorroded（腐蚀）andfracturedsideshellframeend

bracketconnectionstotopsidetanksandhoppertanks®.Corrosionofendbrackettoescreatesa

stressconcentrationwiththelocationbeingsubjectedtofatigueloadingfromthepassageofwaves

alongthesideshell®.Thiscanleadtothegrowthoffatiguecracksuntiltheendbracketsare

completelydetachedfromthesideshell©.Similarly,weldgroovingofsideframesandbrackets

canleadtodetachment©.Ineachcase（在所有情况下）,loss（损失）ofsecondarysupportwill

leadtolossofthesideshell（舷侧外板）andwaterwillenterthehold（水会进入货舱）⑧.

1.Accordingtothispassage,willbesufferedfromdamagefirst.根据文章提示，那部

分是第一个手损坏的（第一句话有答案）

A.primarybarrier

B.secondarybarrier

C.doublebottom双层底

D.transversebulkheads隔板横切面

2.Corrosionofisnotlikelyleadtodetachmentofthecorrespondingstructural

member.那部分的腐蚀不可能导致相关构件的分拆，（这道题用排除法，在④⑤⑥⑦四句中

找答案，因为这四句告诉我们这些部位的腐蚀最终都会导致detached（拆除），所以只要下

面四个选项那个出现在这四句中就派出不选，所以只剩下D

A.weldgroovingofsideframesandbrackets（第七句蓝色部分）

B.endbrackettoes（第五句蓝色部分）

C.sideshellframeendbracketconnectionstotopsidetanksandhoppertanks（第四周蓝色部分）

D.theshellandhatchcovers

3.Fatigueloadingtoendbrackettoesiscreatedby.尾端托架的疲劳载荷是有-造

成的

A.thepassageofwavesalongthesideshell伴随舷侧外板的波浪通道

B.thesideshellframeendbracketconnectionstotopsidetanksandhoppertanks

C.thedetachment

D.thesecondarysupport

这道题只需要在文中找到fatigueloading就可以找到答案，第五句最后明显告诉我们A答案

4.1ngeneral,lossofsecondarysupportwill.通常，损失次要屏障的支持会导致

（整个第八句也就是文章最后一句就是这道题目，所以答案就是C（第八句红色部分））

A.createastressconcentrationwiththelocation

B.assumeinitialdamagetotheprimarybarrier

C.leadtolossofthesideshellandwaterwillenterthehold

D.leadtothegrowthoffatiguecracks

12.One,oracombinationof,thefollowingtwofailurescenarioscouldoccur.（这是——句综述

全文的话，意思是：下面任意♦种或两种情况的结合就会导致故障的发生）

Firstly,thedoublebottomstructureofgirdersandfloorscouldsustainsufficientdamageunderthe

negativebuoyancyconditionwherethedoublebottomstructureissubjectedtothecargoloading

only.Ifthetransversefloorandlongitudinalgirderwebplatingstructures,havedeteriorateddueto

corrosionormechanicaldamage,thenshearfailurecanresultandthedoublebottommay

collapse.Thelossofthehullgirderflange,formedbythedoublebottom,wouldinvariablylead

tothelossoftheship.

Secondly,wherewaterentersaloadedhold,thetransversewatertightbulkheadsaresubjecttothe

cargoloadingincreasedbyastaticheadofwater（水的静落差）equallo（相当于）theflooded

draughtandadynamiceffectdueto（由于）thefluidmotion（流体运动）inthehold.Ifthe

watertightbulkheadhascorrodedthenplasticcollapse,orshearfailureofthecorrugatedbulkhead

connectiontothelowershelfplace,canoccurfollowedbybulkheadfailure.Withtwoholds

flooded,theshipwouldinalllikelihoodsink.（首先大概浏览短文，不管讲的什么先找到红色

的两个词，这是两个很有代表性的词，Firstly首先Secondly其次，这能说明文章结构很清晰，

层次分明，然后再钻研每一部分的内容）

Litisimpliedinthepassagethatwillinevitablyleadtothesinkingoftheship.文章暗

示着下列哪种情况将会导致沉船（首先找出文中提到沉船的地方（最后•个单词sink,然后

沿着这个词前面找答案,文章最后一句话说的是两个货舱被水淹必定导致沉船，所以D答案的

后半截是正确的（or后面的），第二段的最后一句（蓝色）说的是D答案的前半句，也就是两

部分结合起来就是这道题目的答案。至于ABC三项则不会导致沉船）

A.thedoublebottomstructureissubjectedtothecargoloadingonly双层底结构独自承担货物装

载

B.waterentersaloadedhold水进入载货舱

C.bulkheadfailswhenthereisnowaterinthehold货舱内没有水的时候隔水板损坏

I）,thelossofthehullgirderflangeormorethanoneholdareflooded船梁边缘的亏损或者一个

以上货舱被水淹

2.Negativebuoyancyconditionreferstotheconditionof.下沉力'情况指的是

（文中第二段有提到，蓝色字体，考察专业术语，只能死记住下面词语的意思）

A.hogging拱曲

B.sagging下沉

C.rolling旋转

D.pitching倾斜

3.Thereasonwhytheshipwouldsinkwithtwoholdsfloodedisthatshewilllossher

.两个货舱被水淹导致沉船的原因是船将失去——

A.stability平衡

B.strength力量

C.buoyancy浮力

D.gravity重心

A这也应该是常识问题，两个货舱进水肯定导致的是船体失去平衡然后沉船。

4.Wherewaterentersaloadedhold,thetransversewatertightbulkheadsarenotsubjectto

.水进入货舱时，水密舱壁的横切面不受——（最后一段一开头说的就是这道题，

着重看第一句话，这句话说的就是货舱进了水，水密舱壁横截面的甲板盖将失去作用，也就

是不受甲板盖支持，所以答案D,ABC只是片面效果）

A.thecargoloading货物装载

B.staticheadofwater水的静落差

C.dynamiceffectduetothefluidmotioninthehold由于流体运动产生的动态效应

D.supportfromotherdeckcovers其他甲板盖的支持

13.Itisherebyexpresslyagreedthateveryexemptionfromliabilityandeveryright,defenceand

immunityofwhatsoevernatureapplicabletotheRepairerortowhichtheRepairerisentitled

hereundershallalsobeavailableandshallextendtoprotecteveryRepaireroragentofthe

RepairerCincludingeveryindependentcontractor（独立承包商）fromtimetotimeemployedbythe

Repairer）whileactinginthecourseoforinconnectionwithhisemploymentorengagement.The

Repairerisorshallbedeemedtobeactingasanagentortrusteeonbehalfofandforthebenefitof

allpersonswhoareormightbeemployeesoragentsfromtimetotime（includinganyindependent

contractorsorsubcontractorsasaforesaid）andallsuchpersonsshalltothisextentbeorbe

deemedtobepartiestothecontractenteredintobytheRepairer.

1.Thisparagraphismostlikelytoappearin.这篇文中最可能出自--（看到修理工

和承包商，合约这些字眼应该有意识到之前做过类似的阅读理解题目，船舶修理合同之类的）

A.ShipSlippingandRepairingContract船舶松弛和维修合约

B.TimeCharter定期租船契约

C.VoyageCharter航海章程

D.DemiseCharter裸船租船合同

2.Theexemption（免除）fromliabilityandeveryright（责任和权力），defenceandimmunity

（防御和免除）ofwhatsoevernatureapplicabletotheRepairer（检修工）ortowhichthe

RepairerisentitledhereunderC在此之下）willnotextendtoprotect（将不会保护.（这

句话说的是在任何情况下免除检修工的责任和权利将对那一方不利，仔细看文中蓝色部分字

体，说的都是保护到的方面，而本题目是说不保护对象，那么只要文中没有出现过的就是这

道题目的答案，所以选D）

A.AgentoftheRepairer检修工的代理人

B.IndependentContractoremployedbytheRepairer检修工锁雇佣的独立承包商

C.SubcontractorappointedbytheRepairer检修工任命的分包商

D.Shipowner船主

3.TheRepairerisnotorshallbenotdeemedtobeactingasanagentortrusteeonbehalfofandfor

thebenefitof.检修工不属于下列那方人员的利益受托人。（蓝色字体是干扰词，

有没有都不会影响这句话的意思）

A.allpersonsastobedeemedtobepartiestothecontract.所以合同当事人

B.subcontractors叩pointedbytheRepairer检修工任命的分包商

C.independentcontractorsemployedbyRepairer检修工雇佣的独立承包商

D.personswhoareormightbeemployeesoragentsoftheRepairer检修工的雇主或代理人

A根据文中所言，凡事提到检修工的，那么他们肯定也和检修工有着不可分割的利益关系，

所以A项嫌疑最大，因为文中虽然提到所有人（红色字体）但是这个所有人是有条件的，前

提是必须有检修工的参与，但是A项根本就没出现检修工这个词语，所以毋庸置疑选A

4.1tcanbeconcludedthatthisclauseisformulatedtoprotecttheinterestsof.可以得出

结论是这项条款是用来明确表示保护下面哪一方的利益——

A.Repairer's检修工

B.independentcontractor's独立承包商

C.shipowner's船主

D.cargoowner's货主

A根据经验和尝试能知道答案A,因为repairer这个词在文中出现多次，虽然理由牵强但确实

是能够猜出正确答案，做英语阅读理解没有固定的规律可循，总之找到答案就行嘿嘿……

14.ManycarrierstodaymakeuseofrelayportsatwhichGOODsdestinedformoreremote

locationsaretransshippedontosubstitutedshipsof'feedervessels"，inordertosecurefasterand

moreefficientdeliverythanwouldbepossibleifthecargoesconcernedwerecarriedallthewayto

destinationaboardthelinervesselsonwhichtheywerefirstloaded®.Thetransshipmentofcargo

atsuchintermediateportshasbeenjudgednottoconstituteanunreasonabledeviationwhereitis

showntobeacustomofthetrade®.Nor,ofcourse,isitanunreasonabledeviationwherethe

shipperacquiescedinit,hadnoticeofitorcouldhaveexpecteditbasedonpriorshipmentswith

thesamecarrier,orwheretheearnerhasmadeknownitsordinarystopsbyitsadvertisements,

publicationsorothermeans®.

l.ARelayPortmeansa/an.考察专业术语，RelayPort中转港口

A.portofdestination目的港

B.portofsailing启程港

C.intermediateport中途转运港

I）,portofrefuge避风港

2.Cargowillbepossiblydeliveredslowertoitsdestinationby.货物用下面哪种方式运

输至目的地会比较慢（看第一句话的than这个词，意思是比……，说明than前面提到的运输方

式比后面的那种方式（onwhichtheywerefirstloaded）要安全快捷，而这道题目要选择慢的

运输方式，那么很明显是C答案。）

A.afeeder支流

B.asubstitutedship代替船

C.thelineronwhichitwasfirstloaded货物第一次被装载的班轮

D.thelineronwhichitwouldbeloadedshouldafeederorsubstitutedshipnotbeavailable不可利

用的直流或者是代替船只

3.Underwhichofthefollowingconditionsisitnotsufficienttojudgethattransshipmentatthe

relayportdoesnotconstituteanunreasonabledeviation.下面那种‘情况不足以判断

出在中转港转运货物时不构成不合理的误差

A.thetransshipmentisshowntobeacustomofthetrade这种转载方式被看作为一种行业风俗

B.theshipperhadnoticeofthetransshipment货主接至lj转船装运通知

C.theshippercouldhaveexpecteditbasedonpriorshipmentswiththesamecarrier

D.thecarrierhasnotmadeknownitsordinarystopsbyitsadvertisementsorpublications（has和

hasnot）

D（仔细观察文中最后一句话和D选项意思正好相反（D蓝色部分），而ABC在二、三句中都有

出现）

4.Thepuiposeofmakinguseofarelayportbythecarrieristoachievetheendof.使用

中转港的目的是为了最后——（第一句话的红色部分就是这道题目的答案）

A.fasterandmoreefficientdelivery快速高效的运输

B.avoidingunreasonabledeviation避免不合理的误差

C.makingknownitsordinarytransportationbyitsadvertisements,publicationsorothermeans

通过广告，出版物或其他形式来宣传平常的运输方式

I）,preventingtheadverseinfluencetothecarriagebyacustomofthetrade依据交易的习惯避免

不利影响的发生。

15.IndividualsinvolveddirectlyandindirectlyinthehandlingofdangerousGOODsshall

receivetrainingdesignedtoprovidefamiliaritywiththegeneralprovisionsofdangerousGOODs

transportrequirements.Suchtrainingshallincludeadescriptionoftheclassesofdangerous

GOODs；labelling,marking，placardingandpackaging,segregationandcompatibility

requirements；adescriptionofthepurposeandcontentofthedangerousGOODstransport

document；andadescriptionofavailableemergencyresponsedocuments.

ThesepersonsshallhavetoreceivedetailedtrainingconcerningspecificdangerousGOODs

transportrequirementswhichareapplicabletothefunctionthepersonsperforms.

Andofcoursetheyshallalsoreceivethecompletesafetytraining.Commensuratewiththeriskof

exposureintheeventofareleaseandthefunctionsperformed,eachpersonshallreceivetraining

on：Methodsandproceduresforaccidentavoidance,suchasproperuseofpackage-handling

equipmentandappropriatemethodsofstowageofdangerousGOODs；Availableemergency

responseinformationandhowtouseit；Generaldangerspresentedbythevariousclassesof

dangerousGOODsandhowtopreventexposuretothosehazards,includingifappropriatetheuse

ofpersonalprotectiveclothingandequipment；andImmediateprocedurestobefollowedinthe

eventofanunintentionalreleaseofdangerousGOODs,includinganyemergencyresponse

proceduresforwhichthepersonisresponsibleandpersonalprotectionprocedurestobe

followed.（文章大概讲述的是关于危险物品的识别以及相关人员所需要接受的各种培训））

1.Unintentional（非故意的）Release（释放）ofdangerousGOODs（危险物品）meansprimarily

（主要是指）oftheGOODs.

A.accidentalrelease意外释放

B.properreleaseiE确释放

C.slowrelease慢速释放

D.emergencyrelease紧急释放

A（这道题目就是考察Unintenlional这个词语的意思，对照答案就能选出A）

2.“Properuseofpackage-handlingequipmentandappropriatemethodsofstowageofdangerous

GOODs?,isanitemcoveredby.（文中红色部分）正确使用液货装卸设备以及危险物

品的装载方法出自下列那个条款

A.thetrainingoffamiliaritywiththegeneralprovisionsofdangerousGOODstransport

requirements危险货物装载总则的培训

B.Function-specifictraining特殊功能培训

C.thetrainingofpropershippingbusiness特定航运业培训

D.thesafetytraining安全培训

D（文中没有提到，估计应该是专业常识）

3.Theimmediateprocedurestobefollowedintheeventofanunintentionalreleaseofdangerous

GOODsarecoveredby.（文中红色部分）

A.thesafetytraining

B.thetrainingconcerningspecificdangerousGOODstransportrequirements

C.thetrainingdesignedtoprovidefamiliaritywiththegeneralprovisionsofdangerousGOODs

transportrequirements

I）,theprotectionprocedures

A（和第二题一样，文中又提到但是没有具体说是那个条款，要根据对文章整体内容的把握

来回答这两个问题，文章主要围绕个人培训，关于危险物品的处理等条款，所以安全培训

最合理，故2.3两道题目都选安全培训这一项最合适）

4.Thebesttitleofthispassageshouldbe.这篇文章的标题卜面哪个更合适？

A.EmergencyResponseProceduresfortheCarriageofDangerousGOODsbySea

B.ReleaseofDangerousGOODsandExposureintheAccidents

C.ProperuseofDangerousGOODs

D.TrainingofPersonsInvolvedinHandlingofDangerousGOODs

（处理危险物品的个人培训）

D（根据文章整体的内容只有D答案最恰当）

15.IndividualsinvolveddirectlyandindirectlyinthehandlingofdangerousGOODsshall

receivetrainingdesignedtoprovidefamiliaritywiththegeneralprovisionsofdangerousGOODs

transportrequirements.Suchtrainingshallincludeadescriptionoftheclassesofdangerous

GOODs；labelling,marking,placardingandpackaging,segregationandcompatibility

requirements；adescriptionofthepurposeandcontentofthedangerousGOODstransport

document；andadescriptionofavailableemergencyresponsedocuments.

ThesepersonsshallhavetoreceivedetailedtrainingconcerningspecificdangerousGOODs

transportrequirementswhichareapplicabletothefunctionthepersonsperforms.

Andofcoursetheyshallalsoreceivethecompletesafetytraining.Commensuratewiththeriskof

exposureintheeventofareleaseandthefunctionsperformed,eachpersonshallreceivetraining

on：Methodsandproceduresforaccidentavoidance,suchasproperuseofpackage-handling

equipmentandappropriatemethodsofstowageofdangerousGOODs；Availableemergency

responseinformationandhowtouseit；Generaldangerspresentedbythevariousclassesof

dangerousGOODsandhowtopreventexposuretothosehazards,includingifappropriatetheuse

ofpersonalprotectiveclothingandequipment；andImmediateprocedurestobefollowedinthe

eventofanunintentionalreleaseofdangerousGOODs,includinganyemergencyresponse

proceduresforwhichthepersonisresponsibleandpersonalprotectionprocedurestobe

followed.（文章大概讲述的是关于危险物品的识别以及相关人员所需要接受的各种培训））

1.Unintentional（非故意的）Release（释放）ofdangerousGOODs（危险物品）meansprimarily

（主要是指）oftheGOODs.

A.accidentalrelease意外释放

B.properrelease正确释放

C.slowrelease慢速释放

D.emergencyrelease紧急释放

A（这道题目就是考察Unintentional这个诃语的意思，对照答案就能选出A）

2.“Properuseofpackage-handlingequipmentandappropriatemethodsofstowageofdangerous

GOODs^isanitemcoveredby.（文中红色部分）正确使用液货装卸设备以及危险物

品的装载方法出自下列那个条款

A.thetrainingoffamiliaritywiththegeneralprovisionsofdangerousGOODstransport

requirements危险货物装载总则的培训

B.Function-specifictraining特殊功能培训

C.thetrainingofpropershippingbusiness特定航运'也培训

D.thesafetytraining安全培训

D（文中没有提到，估计应该是专业常识）

3.Theimmediateprocedurestobefollowedintheeventofanunintentionalreleaseofdangerous

GOODsarecoveredby.（文中红色部分）

A.thesafetytraining

B.thetrainingconcerningspecificdangerousGOODstransportrequirements

C.thetrainingdesignedtoprovidefamiliaritywiththegeneralprovisionsofdangerousGOODs

transportrequirements

D.theprotectionprocedures

A（和第二题一样，文中又提到但是没有具体说是那个条款，要根据对文章整体内容的把握

来回答这两个问题，文章主要围绕个人培训，关于危险物品的处理等条款，所以安全培训

最合理，故2.3两道题目都选安全培训这一项最合适）

4.Thebesttitleofthispassageshouldbe.这篇文章的标题下面哪个更合适？

A.EmergencyResponseProceduresfortheCarriageofDangerousGOODsbySea

B.ReleaseofDangerousGOODsandExposureintheAccidents

C.ProperuseofDangerousGOODs

D.TrainingofPersonsInvolvedinHandlingofDangerousGOODs

（处理危险物品的个人培训）

D（根据文章整体的内容只有D答案最恰当）

17.OnthebridgefortheapproachtothepilotboardinggroundweretheMaster（船长）,whohad

thecon,theMate（大副），asWatchOfficer,andaseamanatthewheel（掌舵）,whiletheThird

Matewentondecktomeetthepilot（领航员）.Thenormalprocedureonboard（船上的常规程

序）wasfortheSecondMatetopreparethevoyageplanandtolayoffthecoursesonthe

charts.However,becausethepassagefromBurnie（伯尼（澳大利亚））totheTamarRiver（泰

马河）wasrelatively相对地shortandbecauseheintendedstoppinganddriftingfortwotothree

hours,theMasterdecidedtolayoff（停止）thecourseshimself（2A）.

Inthepast,whenthecompanyemployedJapaneseofficers,theMasterwoulddiscussoperational

andnavigationalprocedureswiththem.However,sincetheintroductionoftheemploymentof

Filipinoofficers,theMasternolongerdidthis,withtheresulttherewasnocohesivebridge

team.Whenthepilotlaunch（弓|航艇）arrivedalongside（靠泊）,theMatewenttotheportbridge

wingandremainedthereuntilsuchtimeasthePilot（领航员）hadgainedthedeck.Atacritical

stage,whenmanoeuvringclosetoareef,hewasprovidingnoactivesupporttotheMasterby

monitoringthevessefsprogress,eitherbyradarorbytheelectronicplottingtable（电子绘图表

格）（2C）.WithnoactivesupportfromtheMate（2B）,theMasterhadquicklyplotted（标绘出）

thepositionatatimeherecordedas0606,fromwhichherealisedtherewasadangerofthestern

swingingintotheeasternshallows（浅滩）ofHebeReef.Ininstructingthehelmsman（舵手）

tosteadyon1600,however,hedoesnotappeartohaveappreciatedthedevelopingsituationwith

WestReef,createdbythataction,andthevesselgroundedfastintheReef.

l.TheMasterdidnotdiscussoperationalandnavigationalprocedureswithhismatesbecause

.船长不和他的助手们商讨操作和导航程序是因为——（看第二段开头蓝色部分找

到关键性短语operationalandnavigationalprocedures,说的是以前船务公司雇佣日本的指挥官

的时候，船长会和他的同伴们商讨这些事情，但是后来又雇佣了菲律宾指挥官的时候船长就

不再那么做了，从这点可以看出船长对这些指挥官有种族或者文化的歧视，所以答案A。其

他答案可以不用考虑）

A.hehasethnicorculturalprejudiceinhisdealingswiththoseofficers

B.helaidoffthecourseshimself

C.thebridgewasadequatelymannedfortheoperation

D.theSecondMatedidnotpreparethevoyageplanandlayoffthecoursesonthecharts

2.0fthefollowingisnotacontributingfactor（影响因素）leadingto（导致）the

groundingaccident搁浅事故.（从下面答案中找出没有导致搁浅事故的因素

A.thatMasterdidnotinformtheMateofhisintendedactionsorseektheMate'ssupportin

monitoringandadvisinghimontheprogressofthemanoeuvres操纵的过程中船长没有通知他

的副手们或没有让他的副手帮忙（也就是船长自己操作了整个过程，见文中2A）

B.thattheMatedidnotprovideactivesupporttotheMaster副手没有给予船长积极的帮助

C.thatnavigationalequipmentwaseitherignoredornotusedtofulleffect航行设备被忽视或者

是没有发挥全部作用

D.thattheMatewenttotheportbridgewingandremainedthere副手去了舱口驾驶室侧翼平台

并且留在那里

D（首先在文中找到提到搁浅事故的的部分，grounded只有最后一句话中这个词语是搁浅的

意思，那不难想象，造成搁浅的原因就是前面讲述的内容，然后用排除法找由ABC三项，文

中标出2A,2B,20

3.Itisinferredthatthevesselstartedthevoyagein.可以推断出穿是在--开始航行

的。（第二段红色部分，0606表示早上6点6分，所以选A）

A.anearlymorning早晨

B.alateevening深夜

C.anafternoon下午

D.amidnight午夜

4.Themaincauseofthisaccidentisthelackof.这次事故的主要原因是缺少

A.seamanshipskilloftheMasterandtheMatesonthebridge船桥上的船长和副手们的航海技

术

B.BridgeResourceManagementprocedures船桥资源管理程序

C.academiceducationofthecrewmembers船员的基础理论教育，includingtheMasterand

Mates包括船长和副手

D.communicationsbetweenthePilot,theMasterandtheMatesonboardthevessel领航员之间,

船长和副手之间的沟通

（根据文中标有2c部分能看的出是资源缺乏，和船长船员领航员没有直接的关系，因为前面

提到过航行距离不长船长主动觉得自己操作整个过程，如果资源充足，象雷达，电子绘图表

格等这些设备齐全的情况下是不会发生搁浅事故的）

B

18.Theeffectivenessofananchor（锚）dependslargelyonthematerialthatconstitutestheseaor

estuary（河口）bottom,normallydeterminedbythehydrographers（水道测量家）whohave

surveyedtheseaandidentifieditfortheconvenienceofmarinersonthechart.Whenpreparing

toanchor,theship,sMasterneedstoknow,besidesthewaterdepth,the"qualityofthe

bottom^whetheritisofsandormud,orrocky.TheMasterwilltryandavoid“foulground^^which

mayhaveunderwaterhazardsthatmaysnag（被拌住）theanchor,andwillbehappier（高兴）

wherethebottomisofmudorsand（4A）,thatwillenabletheflukes（锚爪）oftheanchortodig

（掘土）inandholdtheshipfast.Theholdingqualityisalsohelpedbyhavingplentyof（大量）

cable（铁索）outto试图lieonthebottom搁在底部,whichitselfactsasabrake（闸）on

movement.

Tides（潮汐）orwindsmayaffectthesafetyofananchorage（下锚）andtheofficersofthewatch

needtowatchthepositionoftheshipcarefully,lest（以免）theanchordragsandtheshipbe

washedashore.VisualcompassbearingsofshoremarkscanprovideaGOODindicationofany

untowardmovement,althoughcaremustbetakennottoconfuseananchordraggingwiththe

normalswingingaroundthemooringasthetideorwindchanges.

Whilemerchantships（商船）tendtouseaconventionanchorwithtwoflukes（锚爪）thatcanbe

housedinatubularhawsepipewhenrecoveredaboardship,specialistanchorshavebeendevised

fordifferenttypesofcraft.Drillingrigs（钻探设备），forinstance例如，haveanchorsthatare

optimalfortheparticularseabottom,andabigsemi-submersible（半浅式）willlietoapattern

（式样）ofperhapseightanchors,laidoutbyanchorhandlingsupplyboatswhicharein

attendancewhentherigismoved.Permanentmoorings,fornavigationalbuoysmayusescrew

anchors（螺旋车曲）whicharescrewedintotheseabottom,whilelightvesselsoftenemployvery

heavyanchorsshapedlikeamushroom（蘑菇）.

1.iscomparedto“abrake（闸）“onmovementbythepassage?首先在文中找至tlbrake这个

词的位置，第•段最后红色词语，这道题是问在移动过程中把什么比作闸。那么应该把包含

这个词语的整句话那来分析，也就是第一段最后一句话，对照关键词语cable（铁索）和lieon

thebottom搁在底部所以答案只有B

A.Theflukeoftheanchor锚爪

B.Thechainslyingonthebottom位于底部的链条

C.Thechainshanginginthewater悬挂在水里的链条

D.Thebrought-upoftheanchor停下的锚

2.Thetotalholdingforcesofananchorcomefrom.锚的全部的吸持力来自

A.ThedigginginoftheHukesoftheanchorandthequalityofthebottom

B.Thequalityofthebottomandthecableslyingonthebottom

C.Thebrakeandthecableslyingonthebottom

D.Thedigginginoftheflukesoftheanchor,thequalityofthebottomandthelengthofcable

lyingonthebottom

D这道题目只要比较四个答案哪个最全面具体就行了，很明显D最详细。ABC只是D的部分。

3.ThetermANCHORDRAGGINGmeans.ANCHORDRAGGING这个词的意思、是一

-o这个词的本意是锚的拖拽力

A.thenormalswingingaroundthemooringasthetideorwindchanges停泊时潮汐和风变化时出

现的常规的摇摆

B.anuntoward麻烦的，倔强的movementtheanchor®

C.theshipbeingwashedashore船被水冲洗上岸

D.theshipbeingpulledalong沿拉withdifficultyoreffortbyanothership船被另外一艘船拉

根据汉语解释能辨别出B答案最接近，其实也是常识问题，就是考察锚的力度的情况

4.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectastothespecialistanchoring.就专、也的锚定而

言，下面那个是正确的——

A.Thebestgroundforspecialistanchoringissandormud对专业锚定最好的地面应该是沙地和

泥浆地（文中虽然说沙地和泥浆地（4A）比较好但是并么有说对专业锚定是最后的）

B.Specialistanchoringcanbedoneanywhere可以在任何地方做专业锚定（太绝对的答案,般

都不选，因为太武断）

C.Specialistanchoringisusuallydesignedtocreatelargerholdingforces专业锚定的目的在于产

生更大的吸持力

D.Theholdingforcesofaspecialistanchoringisleastwhentheanchorisscrewedintothesea

bottom当锚被用螺丝拧紧在海底的时候专业锚定的力度是最小的（文中有提到螺旋猫，但是

并没有说他的力度大还是小）

C文中唯一一处提到专业锚定是在第二部分的红色地方，虽然C答案在文中没有明显出处，

但是根据经验也能知道C答案合情合理，任何一种下锚方式都应该本着产生大的吸持力，专

业锚定更不例外。

19.Afireindry-dock干内片坞，withtheshipconnectedtotheshorewatermains,canbeaproblem

forfirefighting消防.Iwasthechiefmate大副onanolddrycargoship干货船inaBritish

dry-cockwhen,duringthelunchhour,awelder焊接工decidedtoworkonthestarboardlifeboat

davit.Hewarnednobodyofhisintentionsandclimbedupintothelifeboatandstartedburningon

theafterdavit吊柱.Thelifeboatwasmadeofwoodandhadapetrolengine汽油发动机，which

hadobviouslybeenoozing渗透outovertheyearsontothethwarts横梁andbottomboards底

板.Asparksentthewholethinguplikearocketandthewelderonlyjust（'恰女子）managedto

escapewithhislife.

Therewasnofirewatch火灾警戒，eitherbythedockyard造鸟。厂ortheshipbecausenobody

realizedhewasworkingthrough.Weputthefireoutbeforethefirebrigaded肖防队arrived,

despitethelackofwaterpressure（4C）.Byitsverylocation,thefireintheboatwasisolatedfrom

therestoftheshipsonothingelsecaughtfirefromit.Thelifeboatitselfwasawrite-o时艮废物，

though.

l.Howdidthefirebreakout.火灾怎样爆发

A.Aweldersetonfire焊接工放火

B.Asplashingsparkmadetheoozingpetrolonfire飞溅的火花是渗出来的汽油着火

C.Arocketintheboatsetitonfire船上的火箭是它着火

D.Thelackofwaterpressureresultedinthefire缺乏水压力导致火灾

第一段最后的红色部分说明了当时火灾的引起是由于渗透出来的汽汕加上飞溅的火花所以

选B

2.Whatdidthewelderdoafterthefireburning.这个焊接工在发生火灾后做了什

么——（第一段最后一句话很明显告诉我们焊接工只是在逃生保住了自己的生命，所以C成

功脱逃是正确答案）

A.Heseteverythingupwitharocket,thenescaped

B.Hewantedtoescape,butfailed

C.Heescapedsuccessfully

D.Hedidhisbesttoputoutthefirebutfailed,thenheescaped

3.Nothingelsecaughtfirefromit.Thelifeboatitselfwasawrite-off,though.没有别的东西因

此而被烧，但是救生艇却完全报废了

What'stheconsequenceofthefire.火灾的后果怎样

A.Thelifeboatwascompletelydamaged救生艇彻底损坏

B.Averylittledamagewascausedtotheboat很小一部分损坏

C.Nothingelsewasdamagedexcepttheafterdavitandengine吊柱和发动机损坏

D.Notmentionedinthepassage文中没有提到

这道题题目就明显告诉我们救生艇彻底报废，BCD都是错误的

4.Whichoneof由efollowingsisincorrect.下面哪项是错误的

A.Nobodyknewthewelder，sintention没有人知道焊接工的意图(文中有提到becausenobody

realizedhewasworkingthrough,没有人知道他在那里工作)

B.Itistheboat，spositionstowedthatsavedtherestofship船的位置使得其他地方没有被烧(最

后面的红色部分和这个选项意思一样)

C.Thefirewasputoutinspiteofthelackofwaterpressure第二段蓝色剖，分4c

D.Eveninformed,neitherthedockyardnortheshipwouldsendafirewalch尽管接至ij通知，造

船厂和船并没有发出火灾警报,这明显和文中意思相反,第二段开头部分就说的是这个选项，

明明说的是根本就没有火灾警报，是因为没有人知道那个焊接工在那里作业，所以更谈不上

接到通知

20.TheMaritimeSafetyCommittee海事安全委员hasissued发布acircular通告in1998

whichmakesthefollowingsuggestionsonsafetyofpersonnel全体人员duringcontainer

securingoperations：4C

Ithasbeennotedthatanumberoffatalaccidents死亡事故tocrewanddockworkers码头工人

haveinvolvedfallsfromthetopofcontainersduringcontainersecuringandunsecuring

operatio