大学英语六级考试模拟试卷九十六（带答案）

大学英语六级考试模拟试卷九十六

（总分：710.00,做题时间：130分钟）

PartIWriting（总题数：1,分数:0.00）

1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayon

directandindirectexperiencebyreferringtothesaying"You'lllearnmoreabouta

roadbytravelingitthanbyconsultingallthemapsintheworld."Youcangive

examplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainhowyoucangetmoredirect

experience.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

（分数:106.50）

正确答案：(［范文］

I'veheardasaying:"You'lllearnmoreaboutaroadbytravelingitthanby

consultingallthemapsintheworld."Thissayingisintendedtotellusthatadirect

experienceissuperiortoasecond-handone.

Itotallyagreewiththissaying.Itisquiteimpossibletoconsultallthemapsin

theworldonlyforlearningaboutaroad.Evenifwecould,theinformationweget

wouldstillbelessthanweexperiencingit.Thissayingisalsotrueinmanyother

aspects.Learningswimmingisacaseinpoint.Wecanneverbecomeaswimming

masterwithoutjumpingintothepoolnomatterhowmanyswimmingtechnique

bookswe'veread.That'sbecausewearepersonallyonthescene.Whatwesee,hear,

smell,tasteandtoucharesocompleteandrealthatnoindirectexperiencecanbe

comparable.

Inordertogetmoredirectexperience,we'dbetterjumpoutofthecomfort

zoneandpersonallypracticeasmuchaspossible,insteadoflearningonlyfrom

booksormedia.Onlybydoingsocanwegetafirsthandexperience.)

解析：这是一篇名言分析型的作文，要求考生根据题目中的名言“比起参

考世界上所有的地图，亲自去走一条路会获得更多信息”来分析直接经验与间接

经验，并举例论证，接着讲述如何获得直接经验。

第一段：简单引述名言的涵义：直接经验胜于间接经验。

第二段：论证名言的说法，并举例说明。

第三段：讲述如何去获得更多的直接经验。

［参考译文］

我听过一句话：“比起参考世界上所有的地图，亲自去走一条路会获得更

多信息。”这句话旨在告诉我们：直接经验胜于间接经验。

我完全同意这个说法。仅仅为了知晓一条道路而去参考世界上所有的地图,

这是很不可能的事情。即使我们能够这样做，所得到的信息也不及亲自去体验的

多。这句话在很多其他方面也是正确的。学游泳就是一个恰当的例子。如果我们

不下水游泳，我们不会成为游泳健将,无论我们读过多少本游泳技巧方面的书籍。

因为我们身临其境，我们所看到、听到、闻到、尝到、摸到的是如此的完整和真

实，以至于没有任何间接经验能比得上。

为了获得更多的直接经验，我们应该跳出舒适区，尽可能多地身体力行，

而不仅仅是通过书本或者各种媒体来学习。只有这样我们才能获得直接经验。

PartIIListeningComprehension（总题数：0,分数：0.00）

SectionA（总题数：8,分数:0.00）

.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.（分数：28.40）

A.AttheendofMarch.V

B.lnthemiddleofApril.

C.AtthebeginningofMay.

D.AttheendofMay.

解析：［听力原文］

M:Comein,Rose.Coffee?

W:Thankyou,Jack.

M:HowaboutthevisitbythedelegationfromPoland?

W:Well,Istilldon*tgetit.Doweknowwhentheyarecoming?

M:Weofferedthem3choices.TheendofMarch,themiddleofAprilandthe

beginningofMay.

W:Yeah.

M:Andtheychosetheearliestone,whichisgoodbecauseweareratherbusy

inMay.

W:True.Butwedoneeddefinitedatesoftheircomingandhowmanyare

coming.Thereweresixofthemlasttime.Didtheysayeightthistime?Myassistant

needstomakeafirmbookingfortheiraccommodationsnow.Otherwiseitwillbe

verydifficulttofindahotel.

M:Youareright.Theysaidsixtoeightoriginally,butwegotanE-mailthis

morning,sayingitisgoingtobeseven.Nowwe'vegotthedefinitenumber,wecan

makealltheotherbookingsforthem.

W:Good.Thatgivesuseightweeksuntiltheycome.

M:Right.Herearemysuggestionsfortheirschedule.Theywillbewiththe

universityforfivedays.Onthefirstday,Ithinktheyshouldvisitourcampus.The

seconddaywecanshowthemaroundthedowntown.Thiswillgivethemageneral

pictureofthechangesintoday'sChina.Andthelastthreedaysarefordiscussionand

seminars.

W:OK.Doweneedtoinvitesomeotherfamousprofessorsfromother

universities?

M:That'sagoodidea.Butnomorethanfiveareneeded.

W:Right.Iwillarrangethat.

WhenwillthedelegationfromPolandvisittheuniversity?

对话中男士说，他们提供了三个时间选择（分别是A、B、C）,来自波兰的代

表团选择了最早的那个时间，即“3月底”，故选A。

①时间类选项，应边听边做相应的记录。②B、C在对话中有提及，但不

是代表团选择的时间；D为原词拼凑，不正确。

.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.（分数:28,40）

A.Shefoundshewasn'tregisteredinChemistry302A.

B.ShefoundshewasregisteredinChemistry302B.

C.Shewasunsurewhichclassshehadregistered.

D.Shewasn'tregisteredinChemistry302B.V

解析：［听力原文］

W:Hello.Isthistheregistrationoffice?

M:Yes.ThisisHerbertspeaking.HowcanIhelpyou?

W:Well,Ihaveaslightproblemhere.IhavebeeninChemistry302Bclassfor

amonth,andtodayProf.SmithtoldmeIwasn'tregisteredinhislatestclasslist.I

thoughtallthewhileIwasregisteredinhisclassandthisreallycomesasasurprise.

M:Well,whydon'tyougivemeyourstudentIDandI'lljustchecktoseeff

youareofficiallyregistered.

W:39241.

M:Justaminute.AndyouareAliceJones,right?

W:Yes,that'sme.

M:Alice,thecomputershowsthatyouareregisteredinChemistry302Aand

that*sDr.Nelson'sclass.Perhapsyouhavemixedupthetwo.

W:Ohno,IthoughtI'dmadeaswitchfromNelsontoSmith.Howdidthis

confusionoccur?IdroppedNelson'sclassandswitchedtoSmith'sinthefirstweek.I

stillhavetheadd/dropformwithme.

M:Inthatcase,Isuggestyoucometotheregistrationofficewiththe

add/dropformandwe'lltrytosortitoutforyou.Idon'truleouttherecouldhave

beenamistakethatoccurredduringtheadd/dropprocess.

W:I'llbetherefirstthinginthemorningtosortoutthismess.Youknow,I

wouldn'twanttoswitchprofessorswhenI'mnowhalfwaythrough.

M:Icanunderstandthat.Seeyoutomorrow.

Whyisthewomansosurprised?

对话开头，女士说“我己经加入302B班一个月了，今天史密斯教授告诉我，

最新的班级名单上没有登记我的名字”。D正是女士觉得惊讶的原因所在。

Chemistry302A是电脑显示女士登记的课程信息，即她被登记了Chemistry

302A,而不是A说的没有登记。女士并没被登记了Chemistry302B,故排除B。

女士一直以为自己是302B班的，unsure一词用得不准确，排除C。

SectionB（总题数:7,分数：0,00）

.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分数：21.30）

A.Themeritsanddrawbacksofalargepopulation.V

B.Thedisadvantagesofalargepopulation.

C.Theadvantagesofasmallpopulation.

D.Therapidlygrowingworldpopulation.

解析：［听力原文］

Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofalargepopulationhavelongbeena

subjectofdiscussionamongeconomists.Ithasbeenarguedthatthesupplyofgood

landislimited.Tofeedalargepopulation,inferiorlandmustbecultivatedandthe

goodlandworkedintensively.Thus,eachpersonproduceslessandthismeansa

loweraverageincomethancouldbeobtainedwithasmallerpopulation.Other

economistshavearguedthatalargepopulationgivesmorescopeforspecialization

andthedevelopmentoffacilitiessuchasports,roadsandrailways,whicharenot

likelytobebuiltunlessthereisabigdemandtojustifythem.

Oneofthedifficultiesincarryingoutaworld-widebirthcontrolprogramlies

inthefactthatofficialattitudestopopulationgrowthvaryfromcountrytocountry,

dependingonthelevelofindustrialdevelopmentandtheavailabilityoffoodandraw

materials.Inadevelopingcountrywhereavastlyexpandedpopulationispressing

harduponthelimitsoffood,spaceandnaturalresources,itwillbethefirstconcern

ofgovernmenttoplacealimitonthebirthrate,whatevertheconsequencesmightbe.

Adecreasingbirthratemayleadtounemployment,becauseitresultsinadeclining

marketformanufacturedgoods.Whenthepressureofpopulationonhousing

declines,pricesalsodeclineandthebuildingindustryisweakened.Facedwith

considerationssuchasthese,thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywell

prefertoseeaslowlyincreasingpopulation,ratherthanonewhichisstableorin

decline.

Whathaslongbeenatopicofdiscussionamongeconomists?

短文首句说，“长久以来，人口众多的优势与劣势一直是经济学家们讨论的

话题。"A中的merits对应文中的advantages,drawbacks对应disadvantages,故

本题的答案为A。

在听音时，内容更综合、全面的选项往往就是答案。B只是其中一方面；

C、D不是经济学家讨论的问题。

.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

4.（分数:28.40）

A.Risingfuelcoststolimittheuseofit.

B.Savingenergyanduseothersources.J

C.Havingprotectionagainstfuelshortage.

0.Puttinginasolarunitineveryhouse.

解析：［听力原文］

Thosewhousesolarenergyhelpussaveourpreciousfuel.Asyouknow,our

suppliesofoffandgasareverylimited.Thereisjustnotenoughonhandtomeetall

ourfutureenergyneeds.AndwhenMotherNaturesaysthat'sall,that*sall.Theonly

waywecandelayhearingthosewordsisbystartingtosaveenergynowandbyusing

othersources,suchasthesun.

Wewon'thavetoworryaboutthesun'srunningoutofenergyforanother

severalbillionyearsorso.Besidesbeinganendlesssourceofenergy,theuseofthe

sunhasotheradvantagesaswell.Forexample,thesundoesnotofferpollutionas

otherenergysources.

Furthermore,ownersofsolarhomeswillhaveextraprotectionagainstrising

fuelcosts.Theywillalsohavesomeprotectionagainstfuelshortage.Whenutility

costsgoup,ownersofsolarhomeswon'thavetofacetheburdensbroughtaboutby

increasedcosts.

Withallthesegoodpoints,whydon'tweseemoreofsolarpower?Thereare

manyreasonsforthis.Thebiggestreasonismoney.Untilnow,itwasjustnot

practicalforahomeownertoputinasolarunit.Therewerecheapersourcesof

energyaround.Solarcostsarestartingtoequalthecostsofoilandelectricity.And

expertssaythatgaswilltripleincostinthenextfewyears.Infact,gasisinsuchshort

supplyrightnowthat,insomeplaces,itisnotsoldtonewcustomers.Some

customersareevenhavingtheirsuppliescutback.

WhatistheonlywaytodelayhearingMotherNature'swordsaboutenergy

shortage?

短文提到，我们可以推迟听到那些话的唯一的方法就是，现在开始节省能源

并使用其他能源，如太阳能。B符合文意。

符合“语义突出之处常出题”的命题原则，听到theonlyway时就要格外

留意。此外，从常识的角度也可知，“节省能源并使用其他能源”是最合适的答

案。C是对protectionagainstrisingfuelcosts的胡乱改写，两者说的不是同一件

事。

SectionC（总题数：10,分数：0.00）

,Questions16to19arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

1.（分数：56.80）

A.Thepricesofitsshareswentdown.V

B.MostworkersinApplelosttheirjobs.

C.Thecompanysufferedheavylosses.

D.Thecompanyfacedtheriskofbankruptcy.

解析：［听力原文］

HowlonghaveyouhadyourAppleiPhoneorcomputer?Ifyouhavenot

replacedthatproductinthelasttwoorthreeyears,youmaybepartofthereason

forApple'sfallingsalesnumbers.

Appleistheworld'smostvaluablecompany.SalesofAppleproductsgrew

everyyearfor51straightquarters.ThatallchangedonTuesday,whenthecompany

reportedadropinsales.Salesforthefirstquarterofthisyeardropped13percent.

Salesdroppedto$50.6billionfrom$58billionduringthesamequarterinlastyear.

ThenewscausedApple'sstocktodrop,too.Thecompany'ssharesweredownby

about8percentinafter-hourstrading.

SomeexpertssaythestrugglingChineseeconomymaybetoblamefor

Apple'sweakersales.Thecompany'sreportshowssalesweredowninChina,Taiwan

andHongKongbyacombined26percent.Inthepast,Applewasabletodependon

salesgrowthinthosemarkets.Apple'sChiefExecutive,TimCook,saysthe

smartphonemarketisnotgrowingbecauseoftheslowingeconomiesinsome

countries.

ButotherexpertssayAppleisnolongerregularlyproducingexcitingproducts.

PeoplewhoboughtnewApplelaptopsorsmartphonesinthelasttwoorthreeyears

donotfeelliketheyneedtobuythelatestproducts.RobPegoraroisatechnology

writerforUSATodayandYahoo.HesayshestilllikestousetheAppleproductshe

ownsbut,thereisnothing"revolutionary"rightnow."Yougotalotofpeople

upgradingtotheiPhone6andtheiPhone6plus.The6sandthe6sPlusarebetter,

butasthenameswouldsuggest,they'renotexactlyrevolutionary.Normalpeople

don'tbuynewphoneseveryyear."

PegoraroalsosaysthatAppledidnotreallyhaveabadquarter.Thecompany

stillmakesalotofmoneyfromtheproductsitsells.Itisjustnotgrowinganymore.

"Theirgrossmarginwas39.4percentcomparedto40.8percent.Istruggletothinkof

howmanyotherindustriesorcompaniescouldpulldownthosekindsofprofit

marginsforoveradecadestraight."PegorarowarnsnottounderestimateApplejust

becauseofthissmalldropinsales."Thiscompany'sproblemisthattheymadealot

ofmoney,justnotmoremoneythantheymadethelastquarter.Youknow,ifthat's

failure,thenIshouldonlyhopetobejustasmuchofadisaster!"

WhatistheresultofApple'sfallingsales?

报道中说，苹果公司报告销售额下降之后，苹果的股票价格下降，因此苹果

公司销售额下降的后果是A“股票价格下跌”。

苹果的销量下降，但报道没有说苹果因此而裁员，无法得知苹果的工人失

业，故排除B。销量的下降会使公司的收入减少，但这不能说是巨大的损失，公

司也不会就此面临破产，毕竟报道也提到，苹果仍从产品的销售中挣了很多钱，

只是收入少了点而已，C和D夸大事实，应排除。

,Questions20to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

5.（分数:42.60）

A.Thespeakerenjoyeditinhisyouth.

B.ltwillhurtthenewcomers.

C.Manysuccessesbegantheircareerfromit.V

D.ltisthefirstthingemployeesmustdo.

解析：［听力原文］

Itiswellthatyoungmenshouldbeginatthebeginningandoccupythemost

subordinatepositions.Manyoftheleadingbusinessmenhadaseriousresponsibility

thrustuponthemattheverybeginningoftheircareer.Theywereintroducedtothe

broom,andspentthefirsthoursoftheirbusinesslivessweepingouttheoffice.I

noticewehavecleanersnowinoffices,andouryoungmenunfortunatelymissthat

beneficialbranchofbusinesseducation.Butifbychancetheprofessionalsweeperis

absentanymorning,theboywhohasthegeniusofthefuturepartnerwillnot

hesitatetotryhishandatthebroom.Itdoesnothurtthenewestcomertosweep

outtheofficeifnecessary.Iwasoneofthosesweepersmyself.

Assumingthatyouhaveallobtainedemployment,myadvicetoyouis"aim

high".Iwouldtaketheyoungmanlightlywhodoesnotalreadyseehimselfthe

partnerortheheadofanimportantfirm.Donotrestcontentforamomentinyour

thoughtsasheadclerk,orgeneralmanagerinanyconcern,nomatterhowextensive.

Saytoyourself,"Myplaceisatthetop."Bekinginyourdreams.

Andhereistheprimeconditionofsuccess,thegreatsecret:concentrateyour

energy,thought,andcapitalexclusivelyuponthebusinessinwhichyouareengaged.

Havingbeguninoneline,resolvetofightitoutonthatline,toleadinit,adoptevery

improvement,havethebestmachinery,andknowthemostaboutit.

Theunsuccessfulcompaniesarethosewhichhavescatteredtheircapital,

whichmeansthattheyhavescatteredtheirbrainsalso.Theyhaveinvestmentsinthis,

orthat,ortheotherandeverywhere."Don'tputallyoureggsinonebasket."isall

wrong.Itellyouto"putallyoureggsinonebasket,andthenwatchthatbasket."

Lookroundyouandtakenotice,menwhodothatnotoftenfail.Itiseasytowatch

andcarrytheonebasket.Itistryingtocarrytoomanybasketsthatbreaksmosteggs

inthiscountry.Hewhocarriesthreebasketsmustputoneonhishead,whichisapt

totumbleandtriphimup.OnefaultoftheAmericanbusinessmanislackof

concentration.

TosummarizewhatIhavesaid:aimforthehighest;neverenterabarroom;

makethefirm'sinterestyours;breakordersalwaystosaveowners;concentrate;put

allyoureggsinonebasket,andwatchthatbasket;lastly,bepatient,forasEmerson

says,"noonecancheatyououtofultimatesuccessbutyourselves."

Whatdowelearnaboutsweepingouttheofficeaccordingtothespeaker?

说话人在录音开始谈到年轻人应该从头学起，担当最基层的职务，有许多大

企业家在创业之初与扫帚结伴，以清扫办公室度过了企业生涯的最初时光。C是

该处录音内容的同义改写，为本题答案。

说话人谈到他年轻的时候清扫过办公室，但不能因此推出他喜欢清扫办公

室，故A错误。录音提到，必要的时候，新手打扫一下办公室，并没有什么伤害，

B“它会伤害新手”与此相反，故排除。说话人并没有说清扫办公室是职员必做

的第一件事，故排除D。

.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

8.（分数：42.60）

A.Hisformerheadmaster.

B.Hisformerclassmate.

C.Hisformerclosestfriend.

D.Hisformerlunchlady.V

解析：［听力原文］

Whenmyfirstchildren'sbookwaspublished,Ireturnedtomyoldelementary

schooltotalktothestudentsaboutbeinganauthorandanillustrator.WhenIwas

settingupmyslideprojectorinthecafeteria,Ifoundthatmyoldlunchladywasstill

thereandshewasbusilypreparinglunchesfortheday.SoIapproachedhertosay

hello.Andshelookedatmeandrecognizedme.Shestartedtellingmeabouther

grandkids,andthatblewmymind.

Well,thatencounterinspiredmyimagination,andIcreatedaseriesofcomics

aboutalunchlady.Andit'sbeenamazing,becausetheserieswassowelcomedinto

thereadinglivesofchildren,andtheysentmethemostamazinglettersandcards

andartwork.

AndIwouldnoticeasIwouldvisitschools,thelunchstaffwouldbeinvolved

intheprogramminginaverymeaningfulway.

Andcoasttocoast,allofthelunchladiestoldmethesamething:"Thankyou

formakingasuperheroinourlikeness."Becausethelunchladyhasnotbeentreated

verykindlyinpopularcultureovertime.

Andthatinspiredmetocreateaday,SchoolLunchHeroDay,adaywhenkids

canmakecreativeprojectsfortheirlunchstaff.AndIpartneredwiththeSchool

NutritionAssociation.Over30millionkidsparticipateinschoollunchprogramsevery

day.Thatequalsuptoalittleoverfivebillionlunchesmadeeveryschoolyear.

Andthestoriesofheroismgowell.ThereisMs.BrendainCalifornia,who

keepsacloseeyeoneverystudentthatcomesthroughherlineandthenreports

backtotheguidancecounselorifanythingisunusual.

Andkidsmadethemostamazingprojects.Kidsmadetheirowncomics,

starringthecartoonlunchladyalongsidetheiractuallunchladies.Andtheymade

thank-youpizzas,whereeverykidsignedadifferenttoppingofaconstructionpaper

pizza.

SoIhopethatyoudon'twaitforSchoolLunchHeroDaytosaythankyouto

yourlunchstaff.Whattheyalldoisimportant.They'refeedingourchildrenevery

singleday,andbeforeachildcanlearn,theirbellyneedstobefull,andthesewomen

andmenareworkingonthefrontlinestocreateaneducatedsociety.

Whomdidthespeakermeetinhisoldelementaryschool?

①选项都是指人的名词，预测问题与人物相关。②问题问说话人在母校遇到

的人，说话人谈到他在食堂里布置幻灯片投影仪时，看到了那位熟悉的食堂大妈,

因此D正确。

说话人在谈话中只说遇到食堂的大妈，没有说遇到A"他以前的校长”、B

“他以前的同学”和C“他以前最亲密的朋友”，因此A、B和C均错误。

PartIIIReadingComprehension（总题数：0,分数：0.00）

SectionA（总题数：10,分数：0.00）

.Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobe

insensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,butthisislargelybecause,unlike

animals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare1toperceiving

thosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,missingthemajorityofsmellswhichstickto

surfaces.Infact,though,weare2sensitivetosmells,evenffwedonot

generallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof3humansmellsevenwhenthese

aredilutedtofarbelowonepartinonemillion.

Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnot

another,whereasothersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybe

becausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate4smell

receptorsinthenose.Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsand

send5tothebrain.However;ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitive

toacertainsmellatfirstcansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen6toit

oftenenough.

Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatthebrainfinds

it7tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcancreatenew

receptorsifnecessary.Thismayalsoexplainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoour

ownsmells—we8donotneedtobe.Wearenot9oftheusualsmell

ofourownhouse,butwenoticenewsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse's.Thebrain

findsitbesttokeepsmellreceptorsavailableforunfamiliarand10signals

suchasthesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.

A.simplyE.permanentlyI.dedicatedM.distinguishing

B.emergencyF.limitedJ.exposedN.particular

C.awareG.sureK.impulsesO.extremely

D.detectingH.inefficientL.messages（分数:35,50）

1.（分数:3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：F）

解析：根据空格前的系动词are,可知这里应填入名词、形容词或分词。上

文提到人类嗅觉不灵敏是由于人类直立行走，本句进一步解释说明这种现象导致

的结果，即人直立行走，所以人的鼻子只能感知通过空气流通而散发的气味。词

库中limited>dedicated和exposed在语法上都可行，但只有limited在意思上符

合句意，表明人类鼻子的“局限性”。

［参考译文］

人类的鼻子是个不起眼的工具。与动物相比，人类的嗅觉往往被认为是迟

钝的，而这在很大程度上是因为与动物不同，人类是直立行走的。这就意味着,

我们的鼻子只能感知通过空气流通而散发的气味，而大部分的气味是附着在各种

物体表面的，因此我们就闻不到。不过事实上，我们的嗅觉是十分灵敏的，只是

我们通常没有意识到这一点。人身上的各种不同气味即使被稀释到远不及原来的

百万分之一，我们的鼻子也能够觉察到。

奇怪的是，有些人发现他们可以闻出一种花香而不能闻出另一种，而另一

些人却对两种花香都很敏感。这也许是因为有些人缺乏某种基因，这种基因能在

鼻子里生成针对某种气味的感受器。这些感受器是由一些能感知气味并把信息传

递给大脑的细胞组成的。然而，研究表明，即使对某种气味一开始不太敏感的人，

如果经常闻这种气味。有一天突然也能敏感起来。

对气味不敏感的原因似乎是这样的：大脑发现让所有的气味感受器一直处

于运转状态效率太低，只需要在必要的时候产生新的感受器就可以了。这也可以

解释为什么我们通常对自己身上的各种气味不敏感：这只是因为我们不需要。我

们意识不到我们自己的房子通常的气味，但当我们拜访别人时，就会注意到我们

所不熟悉的气味。大脑觉得最好让气味感受器在出现陌生或危急信号时有效地工

作一一例如烟味，因为它预示着火灾危险。

2.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：0）

解析：从句子结构来看，这里不缺少主要成分，可以判断此空应填入副词

修饰sensitiveo上句说人类嗅觉不灵敏，空格前的though表转折，提示事实上

并非如此。extremely代入句中表示“我们的嗅觉是十分灵敏的”，符合句意。

3.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：D）

解析：空格前的of是介词，其后应该填入动名词与后面的humansmells

构成动宾搭配，即“我们的鼻子可以人类的气味”。本段讨论的是人类鼻

子对气味的敏感度，上文出现了sensitivetosmells,故推测此处应该填表示“闻

到或察觉”之类的词语。detecting强调察觉不易察觉的事物，符合句意。M项

distinguishing常指通过视觉或听觉来识别事物，不能与smells搭配。

4.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：N）

解析：这里缺少修饰smellreceptors的词，可以是形容词、名词或分词。

空格所在句是对该段第一句提出的奇特现象作出解释，原因在于缺少某种基因，

所以不能在鼻子中产生某些气味的感受器。particular意为“特定的”，代入句中

指“特定气味的感受器”。

5.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：L）

解析：空格所在句是which引导的定语从句，填入的词作send的宾语。

messages指"信息"，这里指感受器把信息传给大脑，符合句子逻辑。impulses

多表示人的冲动或兴奋，用在此处不合适。

6.（分数：3.55）

填空项1:（正确答案：J）

解析：本题所在句子是一个由when引导的条件句的省略形式（省略了they

are）,阐释了“使对某种气味不敏感的人突然变敏感”的条件，空格处应填入动

词的分词形式，且能与to搭配。词库中符合语法的有limited和exposedoexposed

放入句中指“当人们经常接触这种气味时，就会突然对它变得敏感”，符合逻辑。

而limited代入后逻辑不对。

7.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：H）

解析：这里是“主语+find+it+a.+不定式”的句式，故空格应填入形容词。

that从句解释了“对气味不敏感”的原因。词库中只有inefficient符合句意，表

明“对气味不敏感的原因是：大脑发现让所有的气味感受器一直处于运转状态效

率太低”。

8.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：A）

解析：空格所在句主谓宾成分齐全，由此判断空格处应填入副词。simply

“只不过”放入句中合适，表示“这只是因为我们不需要"。permanently和

extremely在语义上说不通。

9.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：C）

解析：空格介于系动词are和介词of之间，推测为固定搭配。能符合此搭

配的词有aware和sure。beawareof意为"意识到"，代入句中表示“我们意识

不到我们自己的房子通常的气味”，句意通顺。而sure代入句中则表示“对自己

房间的熟悉气味没有把握”，不符合逻辑。

10.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：B）

解析：这里填入的词与unfamiliar共同修饰signals,可以是名词，也可以是

形容词或分词。从suchas后面的例子来看，smellofsmoke是火险的信号，可判

断这是紧急情况，故选emergency。

SectionB（总题数:10,分数:0.00）

TheIndustrialRevolution

A.TheIndustrialRevolutionisthenamegiventothemassivesocial,

economic,andtechnologicalchangein18thcenturyand19thcenturyGreatBritain.

Itcommencedwiththeintroductionofsteampower（fuelledprimarilybycoal）and

powered,automatedmachinery（primarilyintextilemanufacturing）.

B.ThetechnologicalandeconomicprogressoftheIndustrialRevolution

gaineddrivingforcewiththeintroductionofsteam-poweredships,boatsand

railways.Inthe19thCenturyitspreadthroughoutWesternEuropeandNorth

America,eventuallyimpactingtherestoftheworld.

Causes

C.ThecausesoftheIndustrialRevolutionwerecomplexandremainatopic

fordebate,withsomehistoriansseeingtheRevolutionasanoutgrowthofsocialand

institutionalchangesbroughtforthbythefinalendoffeudalisminGreatBritain

followingtheEnglishCivilWarinthe17thcentury.TheEnclosuremovementandthe

BritishAgriculturalRevolutionmadefoodproductionmoreefficientandless

labor-intensive,forcingthesurpluspopulationwhocouldnolongerfindemployment

inagricultureintothecitiestoseekworkinthenewlydevelopedfactories.The

colonialexpansionofthe17thcenturywiththeaccompanyingdevelopmentof

internationaltrade,creationoffinancialmarketsandaccumulationofcapitalisalso

citedasasetoffactors,asisthescientificrevolutionofthe17thcentury.The

importanceofalargedomesticmarketshouldalsobeconsideredanimportantcause

catalyst（催化齐！J）oftheIndustrialRevolution,particularlyexplainingwhyitoccurred

inBritain.Inothernations（e.g.France）,marketsweresplitupbylocalregionsoften

imposingtollsandtariffsongoodstradedamongthem.Therestructuringofthe

AmericandomesticmarketwouldtriggerthesecondIndustrialRevolutionover100

yearslater.

Effects

D.Theapplicationofsteampowertotheindustrialprocessesofprinting

supportedamassiveexpansionofnewspaperandpopularbookpublishing,which

reinforcedrisingliteracyanddemandsformasspoliticalparticipation.Universal

whitemalesuffrage（参政权）wasadoptedintheUnitedStates,resultinginthe

electionofthepopularGeneralAndrewJacksonin1828andthecreationofpolitical

partiesorganizedformassparticipationinelections.IntheUnitedKingdom,the

ReformAct1832addressedtheconcentrationofpopulationindistrictswithalmost

norepresentationinParliament,expandingtheelectorate（选区）,leadingtothe

foundingofmodernpoliticalpartiesandinitiatingaseriesofreformswhichwould

continueintothe20thcentury.InFrance,theJulyRevolutionwidenedthefranchise

（公民权）andestablished