河北省衡水市桃城区第十四中学2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题

PAGEPAGE16河北省衡水市桃城区第十四中学2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofcloning?A.Ithasnosideeffectatall.B.Itshouldbestrictlyforbidden.C.Itmaycausetroubleforhumans.2.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Husbandandwife. C.Strangers.3.Whatdothespeakershopetodo?A.Stopcigaretteproduction. B.Advisepeoplenottosmoke. C.Stopyoungpeoplesmoking.4.Whoarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.TheirChineseteacher. B.Theirhistoryteacher. C.Theirpoliticsteacher.5.WhatdoesthemanthinktheweatherwillbelikeinApril?A.Cool. B.Hot. C.Windy.其次节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhatdidthemanthinkoftheTVshow?A.Boring. B.Funny. C.Educational.7.Whydidn’tthewomanwatchTVlastnight?A.Shewasnotinterested. B.Shewenttoseeafriend. C.Shewastakentohospital.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whereisthemangoingtotravel?A.Honolulu. B.Chicago. C.NewYork.9.Whichflightsisthemangoingtotakeforhisroundtrip?A.Flight220andFlight576. B.Flight220andFlight515. C.Flight515andFlight476.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheman?A.Apoliceman. B.Aresearcher. C.Adoctor.11.Whatwasthewomandoingwhentheaccidenthappened?A.Drivingacar. B.Walkingfasttoherson. C.Hurryingtopayabill.12.Whatdidthedriverdofirstafterknockingthewomandown?A.Hetookthewomantothehospital.B.Hegotoutofhiscartohavealook.C.Hedrovehiscarawayatonce.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatwillthewomandoforherholiday?A.Goforapicnic. B.Goboating. C.Gotothecoast.14.Whydoesthemansuggestthewomanwatchingthewhales?A.It’stherighttime. B.It’snotexpensive. C.It’sforwhaleprotection.15.Whatisthewomanrecommendedtodotowatchthewhales?A.Rentaboat. B.Practiseswimming. C.Makeareservation.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutwatchingthewhales?A.Satisfied. B.Scared. C.Inspired.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatcanwelearnaboutBeijing?A.Therentofaone-bedroominTongzhouis2,500yuan.B.Thesouth’srentismoreexpensivethanthenorth’s.C.Takingtaxisisusuallymoney-saving.18.HowfarisSanlitunfromthecenterofBeijing?A.5km. B.9km. C.22km.19.WhydoesJoshOngcometoBeijing?A.Forstudy. B.Fortravel. C.Forwork.20.What’sthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.HowtotravelinBeijing. B.DeliciousfoodinBeijing.C.HowtolivewellinBeijing.其次部分阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AItwasarainydayandIwaswalkingdownthestreetfeelingcomfortableandhappy.Iwantedtodosomethingkindforsomeoneelsewithoutanyreasonandpurpose,almostasifIwasjusttryingtospreadtheabundance(足够)ofloveIwasreceiving.ItwasthenthatIsawateenagegirldressedintatteredclothes,gettingsoaked(湿透).Shewasn’twearinganyshoesorsocks.Therainwetherskinthroughtheholesinherclothesandshewasmakingherwaythroughthegarbage,tryingtofindsomethingthatwouldbeofusetoher.IwalkedtowardsherandtoldhertowaitformetherewhileIranhometogethersomething.Ongettinghome,Itookoffmyshoes,whichIreallyloved,wrappedthemupinaplasticcoverandrantogivethemtotheteenagegirlonthestreet.Thegirllookedsurprisedasifshewasnotusedtothiskindofkindness.Shethankedmeinatrembling(颤抖的)voice.Afamousmusicianwholivesdownthestreetcornerstoppedhiscarandsmiledwhenhesawwhathappened.Thetwowatchmenwhosawmedothistalkedandgavemefriendlylooks.AlthoughIhadtowearmydad’sshoes,Iwassatisfiedeveniftheywereabitlargeformyfeet,becauseIknewthegirlwouldwalkcomfortablywearingtheshoes.ThatdayIlearnedthatlettinggoofthelittlethingsweowncanbeabighelptoothers.21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tattered”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.Oldandtorn. B.Largeandnew.C.Colorlessandsmall. D.Thickandold.22.Inthepassage,wearetoldthat_______.A.theauthorlikedgoingdownstreetsonrainydaysB.theauthorlikedwalkinginherfather’sshoesC.nobodywantedtohelpthepoorgirlD.theauthorwasverykind-hearted23.Whatdidthemusician’sandthewatchmen’sreactionstotheauthor’sbehaviormean?A.Theywerelaughingattheauthor.B.Theythoughtwhattheauthordidwasright.C.Theyalsowantedtohelpthepoorgirl.D.Theywerecuriousaboutwhattheauthordid.BAlmostallculturescelebratetheendofoneyearandthebeginningofanotherinsomeway.Differentculturescelebratethebeginningofanewyearindifferentways,andatdifferenttimesonthecalendar.InWesterncountries,peopleusuallycelebrateNewYearatmidnightonDecember31storJanuary1st.Peoplemaygotoparties,sometimesdressedinformalclothes,andtheymaydrinkchampagne(香槟)atmidnight.Duringthefirstminutesofthenewyear,peoplecheerandwisheachotherhappinessfortheyearahead.Butsomeculturesprefertocelebratethenewyearbywakingupearlytowatchthesunrise.Theywelcomethenewyearwiththefirstlightofthesunrise.Manyculturesalsodospecialthingstogetridofbadluckatthebeginningofanewyear.Forexample,inEcuador,familiesmakeabigdollfromoldclothes.Thedollisfilledwitholdnewspapersandfirecrackers.Atmidnight,thesedollsareburnedtoshowthebadthingsfromthepastyeararegoneandthenewyearcanstartafresh(重新).Othercommontraditionstokeepawaybadluckinanewyearincludethrowingthingsintoriversortheocean,orsayingspecialthingsonthefirstdayofthenewyear.OtherNewYeartraditionsarefollowedtobringgoodluckinthenewyear.OnewidespreadSpanishtraditionforgoodluckistoeatgrapesonNewYear’sDay.Themoregrapesapersoneats,themoregoodluckthepersonwillhaveinthenewyear.InFrance,peopleeatpancakesforgoodluckatNewYear.IntheUnitedStates,somepeopleeatblack-eyedpeasforgoodluck—buttogetgoodluckforawholeyearyouhavetoeat365ofthem!24.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.SeveraldifferentNewYeartraditionsB.Themeaningof“HappyNewYear!”C.WhattoeatonNewYear’sDayD.WhypeopledressupnicelyonNewYear’sDay25.Whatdoyouknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Differentculturescelebratethebeginningandendingofayearinthesameway.B.TheWesternpeoplecelebratetheNewYearonlybywatchingthesunrise.C.PeoplearoundtheworldcelebratetheNewYearatdifferenttimes.D.Peopleholdparties,wearnewclothesanddrinkchampagneforawholeday.26.WhichoffollowingisCORRECTifpeoplewanttoescapebadluckandwishforgoodluck?A.Familiesmakebigdollsfilledwitholdclothes.B.Friendstellsomethingspecialtoeachother.C.Somepeoplegetupearlytowatchthesunrise.D.Europeanseat365grapesonNewYear’sDay.CThenegativehealtheffectsofsleepshortagesduringtheweekcan’tbechangedbymarathonweekendsleepsessions,accordingtoanewstudy.Researchershavelongknownthatroutinesleepdeprivation(缺乏)cancauseweightgainandincreaseotherhealthrisks,includingdiabetes.ButtherearestillsomepeoplewhohopethatshuttingoffthealarmonSaturdayandSundaywillrepaytheweeklysleepdebtandremoveanyilleffects.Theresearch,publishedinCurrentBiology,ruinsthosehopes.Despitecompletefreedomtosleepinandnapduringaweekendrecoveryperiod,participantsinasleeplaboratorywhowerelimitedtofivehoursofsleeponweekdaysgainednearlythreepoundsovertwoweeksandexperiencedmetabolicdisruption(代谢紊乱)thatwouldincreasetheirriskfordiabetesoverthelongterm.Whileweekendrecoverysleephadsomebenefitsafterasingleweekofinsufficientsleep,thosegainswerewipedoutwhenpeoplereturnedrighttotheirsamesleepschedulethenextMonday.“Iftherearebenefitsofcatch-upsleep,they’regonewhenyougobacktoyourroutine.It’sveryshort-lived,”saidKennethWright,whooversawtheresearch.“Thesehealtheffectsarelong-term.It’skindoflikesmokingoncewas—peoplewouldsmokeandwouldn’tseeanimmediateeffectontheirhealth,butpeoplewillsaynowthatsmokingisnotahealthylifestylechoice.Ithinksleepisintheearlyphaseofwheresmokingusedtobe.”Wrightsaidthatthestudysuggestspeopleshouldprioritizesleep—cuttingouttheoptional“sleepstealers”suchaswatchingtelevisionshowsorspendingtimeonelectronicdevices.Evenwhenpeopledon’thaveachoiceaboutlosingsleepduetochild-careresponsibilitiesorjobschedules,theyshouldthinkaboutprioritizingsleepinthesamewaytheywouldthinkaboutahealthydietorexercise.27.Whathadtheresearchersalreadyknownbeforedoingthenewresearch?A.Theactualbenefitsofweekendrecoverysleep.B.Harmtohealthcausedbythelackofroutinesleep.C.People’shabitofshuttingoffthealarmduringholidays.D.Therelationshipbetweenbodyweightandsleepamount.28.KennethWrightmentionedsmokingto_________.A.callonsmokerstocompletelyabandonsmokingB.advisepeopletogotosleepwhentheywanttosmokeC.showpeoplehaveknowntheharmbroughtbysmokingD.showpeoplewillsomedaynoticethebadeffectsofsleepdeprivation29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prioritize”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Puttingtasksinorderofimportance.B.Gettingmorethanenoughofsomethingtodepositit.C.Cuttingdownsomethingthatisnotnecessaryanymore.D.Treatingsomethingasbeingmoreimportantthanothers.30.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Weekendcatch-upsleepisalie.B.Badsleephabitsareharmfultohealth.C.Smokingisnottheworstthingtohealth.D.Anewstudyhasanunexpecteddiscovery.其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。An18-year-girlKaylaPerkinsexplainswhatisinherbedroom,“IthrowsomethingonthefloorandIknowrightwhereitis.”However,herparents,SteveandDeborahPerkins,ofMckinney,Texas,don’tthinkso.EvenKaylaadmitsthat,attheworst,herroomisamess.Mostfamiliesatsomepointhaveatleastonechildwhoseroomlookslikealandfill.31Dirtyclothespileup;dirtydishesgetlostinthemessandsmellbad;homeworkislost;andvaluablethingsareruined.Someparentsletitgo,believingthatabedroomisprivatespaceforchildrentomanageastheywish.32“Whatdoesn’twork”,parentingexpertssay,“isconstantlectures,verbalthreatsorgettingveryangry.”Mrs.PerkinssaystheypickedupalltheclothesonKayla’sfloorandhidthem.Theycleanedeverythingup.WhenKaylacamebacktoabarebedroom,therewasscreamingandshouting,“HowcanIlivewithoutmyclothes?”Mrs.PerkinsaskedKaylatoearnherclothesbackbydoinghousework.3334Forexample,sinceJessica,the14-year-olddaughterwasn’tbotheredbythedirtyclothesalloverherfloor,thewholefamilystartedusingherroomasaplacetostoredirtyclothes.Herattitudechangedafterherfamilydidthat.Bythetimeshegaveinandcleanedupherroomafewdayslater,evenshewaslaughing.Parentingexperts,JimFay,alsorecommendsthatparentsfirstaskchildreninanicewaytocleanupandagreeonareasonabletimelimit.35A.Childrenoftenbehavebetterifyoutreatthemwithrespectandhighexpectations.B.It’seasysaidthandone.C.Humorcanhelp,too.D.Otherslecturetheirchildren,offerrewardsforcleaning,orpunishthemwhentheydon’t.E.Themesscandisturbthewholehousehold.F.Thesedays,shekeepsherroomclean.G.Everyfamilyhasdifferentwaysofdealingwithit.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aneight-year-oldchildheardherparentstalkingaboutherlittlebrother.Allsheknewwasthathewasverysickandtheyhadnomoneyleft.Whensheheardherdaddysaytoher36motherwithwhispereddesperation(无望),“37amiracle(奇迹)cansavehimnow”,thelittlegirlwenttoherbedroomandtookoutherpiggybank.She38allthechangeoutonthefloorandcounteditcarefully.Thenshe39herwaysixblockstothelocaldrugstore(药店).“Andwhatdoyouwant?”askedthechemist.“It’s40mylittlebrother,”thegirlansweredback.“He’sreally,reallysickandIwanttobuya41.HisnameisAndrewandhehassomething42growinginsidehisheadandmydaddysaysonlyamiraclecansavehim.”“Wedon’t43miracleshere,child,I’msorry,”thechemistsaid,smiling44atthelittlegirl.Intheshopwasa45customer.Hestooped(弯腰)downandaskedthelittlegirl,“Whatkindofmiracledoesyourbrother46?”“Idon’tknow,”shereplied,“He’sreallysickandmommysaysheneeds47.Butmydaddycan’tpayforit,soIhavebroughtmy48.”“Howmuchdoyouhave?”askedtheman.“Onedollarandelevencents,49Icantryandgetsomemore,”sheansweredquietly.“Well,whatacoincidence(巧合),”smiledtheman.“Adollarandelevencents—the50priceofamiracleforlittlebrothers51metowhereyoulive.Iwanttoseeyourbrotherand52yourparents.”Thatwell-dressedmanwasDrCarltonArmstrong,asurgeon(外科医生).Theoperationwascompletedwithout53anditwasn’tlongbeforeAndrewwas54againanddoingwell.Thelittlegirlwashappy.Sheknewexactlyhowmuchthemiraclecost...onedollarandelevencents...plusthe55ofalittlechild.36.A.tearful B.hopeful C.helpless D.kind37.A.Simply B.Just C.Only D.Morethan38.A.drew B.pulled C.put D.poured39.A.followed B.made C.took D.found40.A.to B.as C.for D.on41.A.hope B.doctor C.favor D.miracle42.A.bad B.small C.extra D.impossible43.A.have B.offer C.sell D.store44.A.gently B.sadly C.strangely D.coldly45.A.well-dressed B.kind-hearted C.well-behaved D.good-looking46.A.have B.need C.care D.like47.A.adoctor B.asurgeon C.anoperation D.akindness48.A.savings B.wishes C.ideas D.suggestions49.A.since B.as C.after D.but50.A.same B.exact C.proper D.necessary51.A.Show B.Help C.Take D.Follow52.A.help B.encourage C.persuade D.meet53.A.difficulty B.delay C.charge D.result54.A.happy B.well C.strong D.home55.A.cleverness B.faith C.courage D.Devotion其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Antarcticaisoneofthelastrealwildernesses56(leave)ontheearth.Sinceitwasfirstexploredinthelate19thandearly20thcenturies,variouscountries57(try)touseitfordifferentpurposes.However,in1961,12countriesagreedtosigntheAntarcticTreaty.Thismeansthattheentireareawas58nuclear-freezoneandcouldonlybeusedfor59(peace)purposes.Antarcticabecamethebiggestlaboratoryintheworld,withmanyscientists60(conduct)researchthere.Today42countrieshavesignedthetreaty,andhavesentscientiststostudyinthearea.Everysummer,3,000scientistsarrivetocarryoutavarietyofresearch61(project).UnliketheArcticinthenorth,62isjustmadeupofice,Antarcticaisanactuallandmass.Infact,itisone63(ten)ofthelandsurfaceoftheearth.Over140millionyearsago,Antarcticawasagreenandlivingplace.However,thelandmass64(gradual)movedtothecolderareasintheSouth,andnowitisjustasfrozenastheArctic.Tourismhasfinallyreachedthegreatfrozenwilderness.Peoplecometoseethelocalbirdlife,togomountaineering,ortovisittheSouthPole.65wearenotcareful,itwillnotremainawildernessformuchlonger.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作(15分)假设你是某英语报社的编辑Rina，收到LiWei同学的来信，诉说因为肥胖常遭到同学讪笑的苦恼，并向你寻求建议。请你依据以下提示给LiWei回信。自信乐观，不要太在乎他人的看法；合理饮食，拒绝高脂肪食物；适当运动，常常熬炼身体。要求：1.须包括全部要点提示并适当补充，语句通顺，意思连贯；2.100词左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数。DearLiWei,I’vereceivedyourletterandIcanunderstandyou.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,RinaOnesampleversion:DearLiWei,IhavereceivedyourletterandIcanunderstandyou.Youmustfeelbadwhenbeinglaughedatyourover-weight.Hereismyadviceforyou.Firstly,thereisnoneedtocareaboutwhatothersthinkofyou.Themostimportantthingistobeconfident,asitwillhelpyouhavecouragetofaceandovercomeyourtrouble.Secondly,trytoeathealthily.Keepawayfromhigh-fatfoodandeatmorefruitandvegetablesinstead.Abalanceddietisveryimportantforlosingweight.Thirdly,Istronglyadviseyoutoexercisemoreoften.You’dbettergetupearlyinthemorninganddosomesportsregularly.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryou’llbe.Ihopemyadvicewillbehelpfultoyou.Yours,Rina读后续写（25分）阅读下面短文，依据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。“Hey!”thevoicecalledfrombehindme.“Areyouagirloraduck?”IignoredthecommentsbecauseIknewtheywerefromthemeangirl,Betsy.Irantomyclass,causingmyslightlimp(跛行)tobecomeevenmoreapparent.Already,Icouldseethatthingswouldbedifferenthere.Atmyoldschool,Ihadagroupoffriendstoprotectme.However,inthisnewschool,Iwasonmyown.ItookmyplaceinthefirstrowofdesksandIwasgratefulforalphabeticseating.MylastnamecameatthebeginningofthealphabetandBetsy’slastnamecameattheend.Astheweekswenton,though,ImadefriendswithtwogirlsnamedFranandLisawhosatnearmeinclass.WheneverBetsymadeoneofherremarks,theywouldwaveitoffandtellmetoignoreher.

Still,IhatedthatIdidn’twalklikeeveryoneelse.Ididn’tlikenotbeingabletorunasfastorasstraightastheotherkidsandIdidn’tlikegettingpickedlastforteamsingymclass.Mostly,though,IreallyhateditwhenpeoplelikeBetsymadenegativeremarksabouthowIwalked.

Oneday,ourteacheraskedustochangeseats.“Class,”ourteacheraddressedusonemorning,“you’vebeeninthesameseatsforafullsemesterandyou’vebecomefriendlywiththestudentsaroundyou.Nowit’stimetochangeseatsandmakesomenewfriends.”Theclassletoutacollectivemoan(埋怨).Assheassignedthenewseating,Fran,Lisa,andIlookedateachotherandwaitedforournamestobecalled.Wedidn’twanttobeseparated.Andweespeciallydidn’twanttositanywherenearBetsy.Finally,Betsysatdirectlybehindme.

Iknewthiswasn’tgoingtobegoodandIsoondiscoveredIwasright.Betsyoftenleanedintomyback:“Quack,quack!”WhenIignoredher,shekickedmyseat.Whenthatdidn’twork,shepoked(戳)me.ThiswentondailyuntilonemorningIsimplyrefusedtogotoschool.ItoldMomwhathadhappenedatschool.

留意:

1.所续写短文的词数应为150词左右;

2.应运用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;

3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;

4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所运用的关键词语。

Paragraph1:

Mymothersatmedownandbegantotalk.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph2:

ThenonedayIdidwhatmymothertaughtmeandamazingthingshappened.______________________________________________________________________________________________Onesampleversion:Mymothersatmedownandbegantotalk.“Look,”sheheldmyhand,“therewillalwaysbemeanpeoplelikeBetsyinthisworld.Thatishardtochange.Butyoucanchangethewayyouhandlethem.Haveyoueverheardofthesaying‘Treatthemwithkindness’?”Ishookmyhead.“It’ssimple.Justshowyourkindnesstothegirlnowandthen.Ifshedropsherpen,pickitupandhandittoher.Thingslikethat.Justbenicetoher.”

ThenonedayIdidwhatmymothertaughtmeandamazingthingshappened.Ourteacherannouncedseriouslythattherewouldbeanexamthenextmorning.AsBetsywasnotgoodatstudy,Iofferedtohelpherreview.Betsywassurprisedbutgrateful.Shesaidshyly,“You’resonice.Itrulyregretmakingthoseruderemarksonyou.Canwebefriends?”IwasgladthatIhadfollowedmymom’sadvice.ItwasjustwhatIneeded.AndprobablyjustwhatBetsyneeded,too.英语答案听力：1-5CAABB 6-10ABABA 11-15CBCAC 11-20BABCC阅读理解：21-23ADB 24-26ACB 27-30BDDA 七选五：31-35EDFCA完形填空：36-40

ACDBC

41-45

DACBA

46-50

BCADB

51-55CDCDB语法填空：56.left 57.havetried/havebeentrying 58.a 59.peaceful 60.conducting61.projects 62.which 63.tenth 64.gradually 65.If【解析】阅读理解A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了作者在一个下雨天把自己心爱的鞋送给一个穿着破烂、急需一双鞋的小女孩。四周的人都对他的行为投来赞许的目光，这让作者很快乐。词义揣测题。依据第一段可知，作者看到了一个穿着tattered衣服的女孩，衣服湿透了。他没有穿鞋或袜子。雨水透过衣服上的洞把她的皮肤打湿了。结合句意，尤其是可anyshoesorsocks和theholes推想划线词的意思是“破旧的”。A.Oldandtorn（破旧的）符合以上说法，故选A项。细微环节理解题。依据其次段的Ongettinghome,Itookoffmyshoes,whichIreallyloved,wrappedthemupinaplasticcoverandrantogivethemtotheteenagegirlonthestreet（一到家，我就脱下我特别宠爱的鞋，然后用塑料包袱好，跑到街上把它们拿给那个女孩）可知，作者特别有爱心，把自己宠爱的东西送给了须要的人。D选项（作者心地特别和善）符合以上说法，故选D项。推理推断题。第四段提到一个住在街角的闻名音乐家看到发生的事情，停下车，笑了。两个看管的人望见我这样做友好地看了我一眼。因此可推想，他们都认为作者这样是正确的，所以会对他微笑和投来友好的目光。B选项（他们认为作者这样做是对的）符合以上说法，故选B项。B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地几种不同的庆祝新年的传统。主旨大意题。依据文章内容，特殊是第一段中的Differentculturescelebratethebeginningofanewyearindifferentways可知，不同的文化有不同的方式庆祝新年，下文就介绍了几种不同的庆祝新年的传统，故A项正确。细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的Differentculturescelebratethebeginningofanewyearindifferentways,andatdifferenttimesonthecalendar.及其次段的举例可知，世界各地庆祝新年的时间不同，故C项正确。细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的orsayingspecialthingsonthefirstdayofthenewyear可知，假如想要在新的一年里避开霉运，行好运，新年那天，挚友间要彼此讲一些特殊的事情，故B项正确。C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提到，依据一项新的探讨马拉松式的周末睡眠无法变更一周中睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。探讨者发觉平常睡眠的缺乏可能会导致一系列身体问题，如肥胖、糖尿症。探讨发觉每周只睡五小时的试验者在两周长了3磅并引起了代谢紊乱。虽然在周末复原睡眠能有肯定的好处，但工作日时假如又回到相同的睡眠时间，这些好处就会化为乌有。探讨者表示，人们日常生活中要优先保证睡眠以保证身体健康。细微环节理解题。文中其次段提到探讨者在做新探讨之前就已经知道睡眠的缺乏会导致肥胖、糖尿病等健康危机。havelongknown意为早就知道，即在探讨前就知道。故B项正确。推理推断题。文中第四段开头提及短暂睡眠的好处是特别短暂的，同时依据It’skindoflikesmokingoncewas—peoplewouldsmokeandwouldn’tseeanimmediateeffectontheirhealth,butpeoplewillsaynowthatsmokingisnotahealthylifestylechoice.可知之前人们抽烟时并不理睬抽烟对于健康的影响。但现在的人们会说抽烟不是一个健康的生活方式。此处将抽烟与睡眠缺乏做类比。故D项正确。词义揣测题。文中最终一段第一句中出现破折号，破折号的用法为说明说明前面某词的含义。文中提到cuttingouttheoptional“sleepstealers”suchaswatchingtelevision，cutout意为停止，此处即是停止“睡眠小偷”对睡眠的影响，即保证睡眠。prioritize意为优先处理，在文章中意为优先保证睡眠。故选D。主旨大意题。文章第一段提到马拉松式周末睡眠期无法变更一周睡眠短缺对健康的负面影响，开篇即点题，但并不没有提到unexpected（出乎意料的），故D项错误。其次段第一句中提到，探讨人员很早之前就知道睡眠不足对健康的危害，但在其他段落没有接着陈述其危害。故B项错误。C项中smoking只是在倒数其次段中作为例子进行类比，故C项错误。故选A。七选五【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何和孩子沟通，让他们保持房间干净。大多数家庭在某个时候至少有一个孩子的房间看起来像垃圾填埋场。家长们首先要用一种友好的方式让孩子们打扫卫生，并商定一个合理的时间限制。假如你敬重孩子，对他们有很高的期望，他们通常会表现得更好。上文提示：大多数家庭在某个时候至少有一个孩子的房间看起来像垃圾填埋场。下文提示：脏衣服成堆；脏盘子不知道丢哪里了，而且发出难闻的气味；家庭作业找不到了；有用的东西都毁了。承接上下文，E项（这种混乱会扰乱全家的生活）切题。故选E。上文提示：一些家长认为卧房是孩子们的私人空间，孩子们可以为所欲为地支配，所以就放弃了这种想法。承接上文，D项（另一些人教训他们的孩子，嘉奖他们打扫卫生，或者在他们不这样做的时候惩处他们）切题。固定搭配Some...others...：一些……，另一些……。故选D。上文提示：当凯拉回到一间空无一人的卧房时，尖叫着大喊，“没有衣服我怎么活？”珀金斯太太让凯拉做家务把衣服挣回来。承接上文，F项（这些天，她都保持她的房间干净）切题。故选F。该空位于段首。下文提示：比如，自从14岁的女儿杰西卡不再为地板上的脏衣服苦恼后，全家人就起先把她的房间当成存放脏衣服的地方。承接下文，承接下文，C项（幽默感也有帮助）且题。故选C。上文提示：育儿专家吉姆·费伊也建议，家长们首先要用一种友好的方式让孩子们打扫卫生，并商定一个合理的时间限制。承接上文，A项（假如你敬重孩子，对他们有很高的期望，他们通常会表现得更好）切题。故选A。完形填空【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。女孩的弟弟因为家庭贫困而无力支付手术费用而生命垂危，女孩拿着自己仅有的积蓄去药店买爸爸口中所描述的救弟弟的“奇迹”。一位和善的男士为此所打动，帮助弟弟免费获得手术，弟弟痊愈。考查形容词。A.tearful泪流满面的；B.hopeful：充溢希望的；C.helpless：无助的；D.kind：好心的。儿子病重，家里又花光了钱，因此母亲很难过，tearful符合逻辑。故选A。考查副词。句意：现在只有奇迹才能挽救他。A.Simply：仅仅；B.Just：只是；C.Only：只；D.Morethan：超过。下文有提示，只有出现奇迹才能救孩子的命。此处是“只有”，故选C。考查动词。句意：她把零钱倒在地上，细致数了数。A.drew：吸引，画；B.pulled：拉；C.put：放；D.poured：涌入。从储蓄罐里把零花钱倒出来符合语境。故选D。考查动词。句意：然后她走了六个街区到当地的药店。A.followed：跟随；B.made：使得；C.took：带走；D.found：发觉。makeone’sway为固定搭配，意为前往。故选B。考查介词。A.to：朝向；B.as：作为；C.for：为了；D.