2024-2025学年高中英语Unit1Knowingmeknowingyou单元测评课后习题含解析外研版必修第三册

PAGE第一单元测评(时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。M:Thispicnicmayneedtobemovedinside.W:Yeah,theweatherisnotcooperatingthistimearoundasitdidlastyear.1.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Theweatherwasbadthistimelastyear.B.Thepicnicisbeingspoiledbytheweather.C.Peoplearenotcooperatingaswellaslastyear.答案BM:Ican’tseemtomakemuchofanimpressionwhiledoingpresentations.Anysuggestions?W:Tryspeakingjusthalfthenormalspeed.2.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Justgivehalftheinformationneeded.B.Speakslowerthanheusuallydoes.C.Speakmoreloudlythanheusuallydoes.答案BM:HowdidJensondothisyear?Didhegetascholarshipthisyear?W:Itwasjusthismathcoursesthatlethimdownanddidn’tmeasureup.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Hewouldhavegotascholarshipifhismathgradeshadbeenbetter.B.Itwasjusthismathfiguresthatdidn’taddup.C.Hisgradeswerealltoopoortogetascholarship.答案AM:Whoops...wasthatyourfootIjuststeppedon?W:Thathurts.Is“whoops”allyouhavetosayaboutit?4.Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Themanshouldapologize.B.Themanshouldpayfortheaccident.C.Themanshouldaccompanyhertothehospital.答案AM:Isthereawashroomneartheclassroom?W:Thereis,butluckyforyou,ithasabig“outoforder”signonit.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Thesignisnotonit.B.Thewashroomisfar.C.Hemaynotbeabletouseit.答案C其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。M:Goodmorning,WashingtonGradeSchool,thisisChris.HowmayIhelpyou?W:Goodmorning,thisisAliceSmith.I’mcallingformydaughter,Judy.She’snotfeelingwelltoday.M:I’msorrytohearthat.Ihopeit’snottoobad.W:No,no,shehasalittlefeverandacough.Nothingtooserious.M:Well,Ihopeshefeelsbettersoon.W:Thankyou.DoyouthinkIcouldgetherhomeworkfortoday?M:Isthereanyspecificclass?W:I’mespeciallyconcernedaboutmathandscience.M:OK,isitalrightformetogiveyoure-mailaddresstotheteachers?Theycanthensendthehomeworkalonglatertoday.W:Thatwouldbegreat.6.WhyisAlicecalling?A.Sheisaskingforsomeinformationabouttheschool.B.Judyisnotgoingtoschooltoday.C.Judyisseriouslyill.答案B7.Whatclassesarementioned?A.Mathandhistory.B.Scienceandchemistry.C.Mathandscience.答案C8.Whatdowelearnaboutthehomework?A.It’stoodifficultforJudy.B.ItwillbeemailedtoAlice.C.Itwillbekeptbyherteacher.答案B听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。M:OK.Ihavethecontractreadyforyoutosign,MsGold.W:Fine.BeforeIsignit,canyoureviewtheagreementwithme?M:Sure.ThecontractstatesthatyouwillprovideShaleCorporationwiththerightstodrillforoilonyourlandforthenextfivemonths.Inexchange,youwillreceive$1,000perday.Ifwefindenoughoiltocontinuedrillingforlonger,wecanextendthecontractfortwomoremonthsfromthedateofourdiscovery.W:Youalsosaidthatifyoufindtheextraoil,Iwillreceive$1,200perdayifIagreetoextendthecontract.Right?M:Idon’tremembertheexactnumberthatwediscussed.Wasn’tit$1,100perday?W:Iwant$1,200perdayfortheadditionaldrilling,orIwon’tsignitatall!9.Whatisinthewoman’sland?A.Oil.B.Gold.C.Gas.答案A10.Howmuchwillthewomanreceiveforthefirstfivemonths?A.$1,000perday.B.$1,100perday.C.$1,200perday.答案A11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Buyingsomething.B.Talkingabouttheland.C.Signingacontract.答案C听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。W:Yourpaintingisfantastic,Roger!M:I’mhappyyoulikeit.It’sforacompetition.Here’stheform.W:Right.OK,herearethequestions...Yourhandsaredirty.M:That’sbecauseI’mpainting!Whatarethequestions?Here’sapen.W:What’syourname?M:Oh,that’sdifficult...Roger!W:Ha,ha.What’syoursurname?M:I’mnotsure...W:Veryfunny!OK,surname—Tailor.M:Yes,that’sit!W:Nextquestion,please.Areyoumarriedorsingle?M:Single.I’msureaboutthat!W:What’syouraddress?M:72LondonRoad.W:Andwhatareyourhobbies?M:Hmmm...painting,goingwindsurfingandwatchingTV.W:...OK,lastquestion.What’syourtelephonenumber?M:03438976514W:03438976514—Gotit.Where’sanenvelope?M:Overthere...12.WhatisRogerdoingnow?A.Painting. B.Writing. C.WatchingTV.答案A13.WhatisthephonenumberofRoger?A.03448976518.B.04438976514.C.03438976514.答案C14.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Exhibitingsomepaintings.B.Sellingahouse.C.Fillingoutaform.答案CM:Howlonghaveyoubeenhavingthispain?W:ItstartedinJune.Soformorethanfivemonthsnow.Mystomachhurtsaftersomemeals,butnotalways.M:Youshouldhavecomeearlier.Let’sgettothebottomofthis.Haveyouchangedyoureatinghabitsduringthisperiod?W:No,notreally.Well,that’snottrue.I’meatingthesamefoods,butless.Youknow,thepainseemstocomeandgo.M:Howstrongisthepainexactly?Onascaleofonetoten,howwouldyoudescribetheintensityofthepain?W:Well,I’dsaythepainisaboutatwoonascaleofonetoten.LikeIsay,it’snotreallybad.Itjustkeepscomingback...M:Howlongdoesthepainlastwhenyougetit?W:Itcomesandgoes.Sometimes,Ihardlyfeelanything.Othertimes,itcanlastuptohalfanhourormore.M:Isthereatypeoffoodthatseemstocausestrongerpainthanother?W:Hmmm...heavyfoodslikesteakusuallybringiton.I’vebeentryingtoavoidthose.M:Doesthepaintraveltoanyotherpartsofyourbody—chest,shoulderorback?Ordoesitremainaroundthestomacharea?W:No,itjusthurtshere.M:WhataboutifItouchhere?Doesithurtthere?W:Ouch!Yes,ithurtsthere.Whatdoyouthinkitis,doctor?M:I’mnotsure.IthinkweshouldtakesomeX-raystofindoutifyou’vebrokenanything.W:Willthatbeexpensive?M:Idon’tthinkso.YourinsuranceshouldcoverroutineX-rays.听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。15.What’swrongwiththewoman?A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shehasastomachache.C.Shehasatoothache.答案B16.Howlonghasthewomanbeensufferingfromthepain?A.Fourdays.B.Lessthaneightweeks.C.Morethanfivemonths.答案C17.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutherpain?A.Ithurtsseriously.B.Itoccursonceinawhile.C.Itneverstops.答案B听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。W:Well,everydayformeisdifferent.ImeantosaythatsomedaysIspeaktoclientsforhoursandhours,andtrytoconvincethemthatourideasarethebest.Alotofmytimeisspentonresearch.Well,wehavetodealwithalltheviewingandreadershipfigures.Wemakeupourownsurveystodiscoverwhatacrosssectionofpeoplethink.Wedon’tjustlookatwhatpeoplethink,butbecausewhatreallycountsis:Whatsellsthegoods?Thesimplefactisthatifwedon’tshowariseinsalesweloseacustomer.ThepartIreallyenjoyisthecreativity.It’sfunnyreally.Igetideasinthemostpeculiarplaces.ThebestideaIevergotwasonetimewhenIwassittinginthebath.Ijumpedoutandwroteitdownimmediately.Wealsodowhatwecallbrainstorming.Thatis:poolingandsharingourideas.Andwegetthebestideasthisway.Thatisasaresultofteamwork.Imean,alright,wedependoneverybodybeingcreative,andthisoftenhappensbestwhenyou’reworkingalone.Butwithoutagoodteam,nocampaignhasahopeofsucceeding.Agoodagencyis,infact,ateamofindividualswhoworkwellalone,butalsotogether.Hmmm,thedrawbacks.Now,thebiggestdrawbackofmyworkisthatyoustandorfallbyyourresults.Ifyoucan’tthinkofnewideas,oryoumakeanexpensivemistakethenyougetfired.Andyou’reoutofajob.That’salwaysworrying,Icantellyou.18.Whatprofessiondoesthewomanworkin?A.Marketing. B.Advertising. C.Teaching.答案A19.Whatdoesthewomanreallyenjoy?A.Creativity. B.Variety. C.Teamwork.答案A20.Whatisthewomanworryingabout?A.Nochanceofpromotion.B.Longworkinghours.C.Beingfired.答案C其次部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文;从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAnti-SleepAlarmPrice:US$5EXTRA5%OFFWHENYOUBUY2ORMOREAnti-SleepAlarmisanewlife-savinganti-tirednessalarm.Youjustwearitbehindtherightear.Itworksonthetheoryofelectronicbalance.WorkingTheoryItiswornovertheearandhasanelectronicpositionsensor.Whenyourheadnodsforward,itsoundsaloudalarmtoimmediatelywakeyouandwarnyourpassengers.FeaturesTheAnti-SleepAlarmfeaturesadriversafetyalarmtohelppreventaccidentscausedbyfallingasleepatthewheel.Itisespeciallysuitableforlong-distancedrivingandnightdriving.TheAnti-SleepAlarmisalsoperfectforanyonewhoneedstostayawakeonduty—guards,machineoperators,andevenstudents.It’seasytouseandcanbecomfortablywornforalongtime.●Alarmmode:sounddi,di...●Dimensions:80×22×15mm●Battery:buttoncellbattery(included)●Lifetime:30,000nodsPaymentWeacceptPayPalonly,withallmajorcreditcardsacceptedthroughPayPal.Paymentmustbereceivedwithin7businessdaysafterordering.ShippingWeshiptoyoureBayorPayPaladdress.PleasemakesureyoureBayandPayPaladdressiscorrectbeforeyoupay.Goodswillbeshippedwithin1-3businessdayswhenwereceivepayment.Delivery(递送)timedependsondestination.Internationalbuyerspleasenote:Importduties(进口税)andtaxesarenotincludedinthepriceorshippingcosts.Pleasecheckwithyourcountry’scustomsofficetodeterminewhattheseextracostswillbebeforebuying.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种反睡眠报警装置,它的功能相当于司机平安警报器,特殊适用于长途和夜间开车,也适用于值夜班的工作人员甚至学生。文章还介绍了订购方式。21.Howmuchshouldbepaidfor2Anti-SleepAlarms?A.US$10. B.US$9.5.C.US$10.5. D.US$9.答案B解析数字计算题。由文章开头的“Price:US$5EXTRA5%OFFWHENYOUBUY2ORMORE”可知,每个售价是5美元,假如买两个有5%的折扣。22.Anti-SleepAlarmsworkonthetheoryof.

A.electronicbalanceB.humanbodymovementC.anti-tirednessalarmD.electronicpositionsensors答案A解析细微环节理解题。由文章中的“Itworksonthetheoryofelectronicbalance.”可知,反睡眠报警装置建立在电子平衡的原理上。23.WhatisafeatureoftheAnti-SleepAlarm?A.Itiscomfortabletowear.B.Itisbigandeasytouse.C.Itcanworkfor30,000minutes.D.Itcanbepoweredbyanykindofbattery.答案A解析细微环节理解题。由Features部分的“It’seasytouseandcanbecomfortablywornforalongtime.”可知,反睡眠报警装置佩戴起来舒适。BAsshewalkedaroundthehugedepartmentstore,EdithreflectedhowdifficultitwastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasytopleaseashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasamostdisagreeableexperience:peopletrod(踩)onyourtoes,poked(捅)youwiththeirelbowsandalmostknockedyouoverintheirhastetogettoabargainaheadofyou.Partlytohavearest,Edithpausedinfrontofacounterwheresomeattractivetieswereondisplay.“Theyarerealsilk,”theassistantassuredher,tryingtotempther.“Worthdoubletheprice.”ButEdithknewfrompastexperiencethatherchoiceoftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.Shemovedonreluctantlyandthenquitebychance,stoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgatheredroundacounter.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipesonsale—andthepriceswereveryreasonable.Edithdidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfatheronlysmokedapipeoccasionally,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtopleasehim.Whenshegothome,withhersmallwell-chosenpresentconcealedinherhandbag,herparentswerealreadyatthesuppertable.Hermotherwasinanespeciallycheerfulmood,“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking.”Sheinformedherdaughter.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了名叫Edith的女孩去给父亲买礼物。经过深思熟虑后确定给父亲买一个价格合理的烟管,但回家却得知父亲确定戒烟。24.Whywasshoppingverydisagreeableatthattimeoftheyear?A.Becausecustomersweredoingtheirshoppinginagreathurry.B.Becausecustomersoftenpokedeachotherwiththeirelbows.C.Becausecustomersoftenknockedeachother.D.Becausesomecustomerstrodonothers’toes.答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段第一句“peopletrodonyourtoes,pokedyouwiththeirelbowsandalmostknockedyouoverintheirhastetogettoabargainaheadofyou.”(人潮汹涌,人们摩肩接踵,为了能够买到打折商品奋不顾身往前冲,甚至可能把人撞翻)可知,那个时间段购物令人不开心是因为顾客们都急匆忙地购物。25.WhatdoweknowaboutEdith’sfather?A.Hedidnotlikepresents.B.Henevergotpresents.C.Hepreferredties.D.Itwasdifficulttochooseapresentforhim.答案D解析推理推断题。依据文章第一段最终一句“Shewishedthathewasaseasytopleaseashermother,”(她希望爸爸能够像妈妈一样可以很简洁被逗快乐)和第三段最终一句“ButEdithknewfrompastexperiencethatherchoiceoftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.”(她过去送爸爸领带他从来不满足)可知,要给她的父亲选礼物很困难。26.HowdidEdithcometothenextcounter?A.Purposely. B.Happily.C.Accidentally. D.Unwillingly.答案C解析细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段第一句“Shemovedonreluctantlyandthenquitebychance,stoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgatheredroundacounter.”(她极不情愿地接着往前走,然后很偶然地停在了被一大群男人围着的柜台前)中的“bychance”(偶然地)可知,她是偶然到这个地方。27.HowdoyouthinkEdithwouldfeelwhensheheardhermother’swords?A.Glad. B.Disappointed.C.Annoyed. D.Joyful.答案B解析推理推断题。文章最终一段说“她把细心选择的礼物装在手提袋里,当她到家时,父母已经在饭桌边,她的妈妈心情特殊好,对她说‘你爸爸最终确定戒烟了!’”,故可推知女孩细心选择了礼物,但却被告知父亲打算戒烟,所以她可能会感到失落。CItdoesnothavetobeJanuary1sttogiveyourselfachancetomakethemostoutofyourday.Everydayisanewdayandafreshstarttolearn,grow,developyourstrengths,freeyourselffrompastregretsorhurts,andmoveforwardolderandwiser.Everydaygivesyouachancetoreinvent(重新谛视)yourself.Itisnevertoolatetochangethingsthatarenotworkinginyourlife.Eachdayisanewbeginningandapieceofblankpaper.Howwouldyouliketocreateyourday?Whatwouldyouliketopaintonit?Ifyouwakeupinanegativemind,youaremorelikelytopaintadarkpicturethroughouttheday,andyourpicturewillnotshowhope,happinessandjoy.Ifyoutakeeachdaytothinkactively,andhaveapositiveintentionforhowyouwouldliketocreateyourday,howwouldyourlifebedifferent?Whatcandailypositiveintentionsdoforyou?Everydayyouwillgiveyourselfthegiftofan“attitudeofgratitude”.Eachdayisachancetolookatthingsinadifferentway.Youcanexperienceeachdayinthebeautyoftheworld—andthebeautyofyouwhoareinit!Youfindyourselfchangingfrom“Ican’t”to“Ican”.Withafocusonpositiveintentions,youfeelyouarefullofpowerandmorelikea“winner”thana“loser”.Paymoreattentiontothepresent,andyouwillbemorelikelytolivefullyinthepresenteachmomentofeachday.Afterall,thepastisagreatplacetovisit,butyoudon’twanttolivethere!Sohowaboutstartingeachdaytakingamomenttothinkofapositiveintentionfortheday?【语篇解读】本文是一篇争论文。带着主动乐观的人生目标去创建属于你的一天,你的人生会发生根本的变更,你主动的目标会带来多数的惊喜。28.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus.

A.weshouldmakeeverydayanewstartB.January1stisthemostimportantdayC.learningishelpfulinreinventingourselvesD.weneedn’tchangeourselvesatall答案A解析段落大意题。本段主要讲的是每一天都是一个崭新的起先,要充分利用每一天来变更自己。故选择A项。29.Theunderlinedword“negative”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.

A.notclear B.notwiseC.nothappy D.notcareful答案C解析词义揣测题。依据后半句的句意“那么你很可能把你自己的这一天画成一幅灰色调的画,画上不会表现出希望、华蜜和喜悦”可推断,该单词大意为“不兴奋的,消极的”。故选择C项。30.Ifyouhavedailypositiveintentions,youwill.

A.getapositiveresult B.haveabusylifeC.getgiftsfromothers D.beacompleteloser答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据第四段最终一句可知,假如每天有主动的目标,你会觉得自己充溢力气,更像是“赢家”而不是“失败者”。这明显是一个主动的结果,故选择A项。31.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.

A.pastregretsorhurtscanmakeyouolderandwiserB.thinkactivelyandyoumustbecomeawinnerC.thepresentisnotwhereyoushouldliveforeverD.positiveintentionsforeachdayareofgreathelp答案D解析推理推断题。依据第三、四段内容可推断出,带着主动的目标迎接每一天会给人带来巨大的帮助和收益。故选择D项。DDepression(抑郁)canbeadestructiveillness,plaguingmillionsofpeopleworldwidewithfeelingsofsadness,hopelessness,andfatigue.Despitenumerousantidepressantdrugs,asmanyasathirdofpatientsdon’trespondtomedication.Thishasforceddoctorstobemorecreativeinfindingdifferenttreatmentsforthecondition.Inthepasttwodecades,researchershavetieddepressiontoaseeminglyunrelatedcondition:inflammation(炎症),thebody’snaturalresponsetostress.Itcouldrisefrominjuryorinflection,orevenemotionalissueslikeanunhappymarriageorproblemsatwork.Someamountofinflammationisgenerallybeneficial,asitincreasesproductionofcytokines(致癌因子),proteinsthathelpushealandprotectusfromtheeffectsofoverwork.Butexcessivecytokinelevels,andtheinflammationtheybringon,couldcomeatacost—anumberofstudiessuggestthathighlevelsofcytokinescouldcontributetodepression.Cytokinescanreachthebrainseveralways:directlythroughtheblood-brainbarrierorindirectlybybindingtonervefiberselsewhere,whichsendsignalstothebraintoproducetheinflammationmolecules.Inthebrain,cytokinescandisturbtheproductionandreleaseofseveralimportantsignalingchemicals,includingserotonin,dopamineandglutamate,whichhelpcontrolemotion,appetite,sleep,learningandmemory.It’sthoughtthatalackofserotoninactivityinthebraincausesdepression;mostantidepressantsincreasetheactivity.Butcytokinesalsohavebeenshowntoactivatestresshormonesignalinginthebrain,whichmayalsoservetodevelopdepression.Withalltheevidenceimplicatinginflammationindepression,doctorshavebeenanxioustotestanti-inflammatorydrugsasapotentialtreatment.Foursmallstudiespublishedbetween2006and2024byresearchgroupsinEuropeandIranfoundthatadultsdiagnosedwithdepressionwhotookaspirinoranotheranti-inflammatorydrugcalledCelecoxib,alongwithanantidepressant,gotmorerelieffromfeelingsofsadness,hopelessness,guiltandfatiguecomparedwiththosetakinganantidepressantalone.However,AndrewMiller,aprofessorofpsychiatryatEmoryUniversity,thoughtsomethingwaswronginthesesmall,limitedstudies.Noneofthemlookedatwhethertheparticipantshadhighlevelsofcytokinesbeforethey’dseeabenefitfromanti-inflammatorydrugs.“Unfortunately,muchofthefieldhasfallenintothetrapofviewinginflammationasthebe-all,end-all,”Millersays.Heandhiscolleagueswantedtoseewhethertheeffectofthesedrugswaslimitedtothedepressionpatientswithhighcytokinelevels,orifithelpedallpeoplediagnosedwithdepression.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了抑郁症的形成过程以及科学家们对治疗抑郁症的药物的探讨。32.Whichofthefollowingillustrateshowdepressionisdeveloped?A.stress→overwork→inflammation→depressionB.inflammation→infection→stress→depressionC.cytokine→stress→infection→depressionD.infection→inflammation→cytokine→depression答案D解析细微环节理解题。依据其次、三段的介绍可知,感染导致炎症,而炎症产生致癌因子,而过量的致癌因子导致抑郁症,故D项正确。33.Theunderlinedword“excessive”inPara.3isclosestinmeaningto“”.

A.intermediate B.overmuchC.mild D.appropriate答案B解析词义揣测题。依据画线词后的“cytokinelevels,andtheinflammationtheybringon,couldcomeatacost—anumberofstudiessuggestthathighlevelsofcytokinescouldcontributetodepression.”可知,致癌因子水平过高,以及由此引发的炎症,可能以肯定的代价出现,探讨表明致癌因子水平过高可能会导致抑郁症,由此可知画线词词义为“过量的,过多的”,故B项正确。34.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A.depressionwillbeacurablediseaseforalongtimeB.onlyaspirincaneffectivelyhelprelievepeopleofmanyemotionalproblemsC.peoplewhoarehard-workingaremorelikelytogetdepressionD.wehavealongwaytogobeforedepressioncanbesatisfyinglytreated答案D解析推理推断题。依据最终一段内容,特殊是“Heandhiscolleagueswantedtoseewhethertheeffectofthesedrugswaslimitedtothedepressionpatientswithhighcytokinelevels,orifithelpedallpeoplediagnosedwithdepression.”可知,AndrewMiller教授和他的同事们想知道这些药物的效果是否仅限于致癌因子水平高的抑郁症患者或是否对全部被诊断为抑郁症的人都有帮助,由此可知,在抑郁症得到满足的治疗之前还有很长的路要走(许多工作要做),故D项正确。35.Whichofthefollowingshowstherightstructureofthepassage?(①—⑤representPara.1—5)答案D解析篇章结构题。通读全文可知,第一段为总论,指出抑郁症是一种特别可怕的疾病,许多患者对治疗抑郁症的药物都没有反应,其次、三段介绍了抑郁症的形成过程,第四段介绍了致癌因子通过几种途径到达大脑,第五段介绍了科学家们探讨治疗抑郁症的药物,故D项正确。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenthingsgowrong,manypeopleturntotheirfriendsforcomfortandsupport.Areyouthekindofpersonyourfriendstrusttobethereforthemwhenthey’refeelingdown?36Youmightfeelawkwardornervousaboutcomfortingasadfriendatfirst,butwithalittlepractice,youwon’thavetoworryaboutsayingthewrongthingormakingthesituationworse.Whenoneofyourfriendsisupset,helphim/herbybeingthereforhim/her,findingtherightthingstosay,andavoidingcommonmistakes.

37Comfortyourfriendaccordingtohowupsethe/sheseemstobe.Ifhe/sheseemstobeverytroubled,itmaytakemoreeffortonyourparttohelphim/her.Ifsomethingisbotheringhim/her,buthe/sheisn’ttooupset,bethereforhim/herwithoutoverreacting.

Findoutwhat’swrong.Beforeyousayanything,trytofigureoutwhattheproblemis.38Ifyoutrytotalktoyourfriendwithoutknowingthesituationfirst,youcouldendupwithputtingyourfootinyourmouth.

Giveyourfriendahug.Akindtouchwilldowondersforyourfriend,evenifyoudon’tknowwhathe/sheisupsetabout.39Youcanalsopathim/hergentlyontheshoulder.

Letyourfriendvent(发泄).Ifyourfriendneedstogethis/hersadnessorangerout,lethim/herdo.Payattentionanddon’tinterrupt.Encouragehim/hertoexpresshimself/herselffully.Justlisten.Yourfriendneedssomeonetolistencompassionatelytohim/herrightnow,sofocusondoingthat.Bepatientandnon-judgmental.40Don’tactboredortrytochangethesubject.

A.Youmayfindyourselfwrong.B.Understandhowupsetyourfriendis.C.Youcanputyourarmaroundyourfriend.D.Encouragehim/hertokeeptalkingaslongashe/sheneedsto.E.Thiswillhelpyouknowwhattosayandwhatnottosay.F.Useyourimaginationandgetclosetothetruthofwhathastakenplace.G.Ifyouaren’tsure,don’tworry—comfortingpeopleisaskillthatyoucanlearn.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。当挚友向你寻求劝慰和支持时,你应当怎么做呢?文章主要介绍了五种有效的方法。36.G依据下文内容可知,劝慰别人是一种你可以通过后天学习获得的技能。故选择G项。37.B依据下文内容可知,你须要了解你的挚友有多难受,依据详细状况来确定如何劝慰他/她。故选择B项概括本段内容。38.E依据上下文内容可知,在你说话之前,试着找出问题所在。后文说明了这一做法的缘由:这将帮助你知道什么该说,什么不该说。E项承上启下。39.C依据下文“Youcanalsopathim/hergentlyontheshoulder.”以及该段的小标题“Giveyourfriendahug.”可知,C项承上启下,符合语境。40.D依据下文“Don’tactboredortrytochangethesubject.”可知,空白处内容应为激励挚友始终说下去,不要随意打断。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThedaywhenIwouldgoofftocollegewasaroundthecorner.Mumstoodinherusualspotbehindtheironingboard(烫衣板)andsaid,“Payattention:I’mgoingtoteachyoutoiron.”Mumclearlyexplainedherreasonsforthislesson.Iwasgoingtobe41andneededtolearnthis42skill.Also,Iwouldbemeetingnewpeople,andproperlyironedclotheswouldhelpmemakeagood43.“Learntoironashirt,”Momsaid,“andyoucanironanything.”

Butironingshirtswasnot44work.Itdidn’tmakeuseoflongmusclesweusedtothrowabaseball,anditwasn’ta45operationlikeice-skating.Ironingwaslikedrivingacaronastreetthathasastop46every10feet.What’smore,anironproducedsteamanditcarriedapossibilityof47.Ifyoutouchedthewrongpartofit,you’dget48.Ifyouforgottoturnitoffwhenyou49,youmightburndownthehouse.

Asfortechnique,Mom50metobeginit,whichsoundedeasybutskillful.Momsaiditlookedverysimple,butyoumustdoitwithyour51.Overtheyears,I’velearnedtoironshirtsskillfully,whichgivesmeasenseof52.

WhateverfailuresIsufferinmylife,anironedshirttellsmeIamgoodatsomething.53,throughironingI’velearnedhowtofindoutthe54toworkingouteventhemosttroublesomeproblems.“55wrinklesoneatatime,”asMommighthavesaid,“andbeforelongeverythingwillgetironedout.”

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己在上高校前的暑假,母亲教会作者熨烫衣服的技巧。母亲认为作者将要独立并且须要学会这个必要的技能。通过熨烫衣服,作者也学会了解决生活中最麻烦问题的方法。41.A.helpful B.confidentC.powerful D.independent答案D解析helpful“有帮助的”;confident“自信的”;powerful“强有力的”;independent“独立的”。这里指母亲认为我将要独立(independent)并且须要学会这个技能。42.A.patient B.necessaryC.energetic D.frightening答案B解析patient“有耐性的”;necessary“必要的”;energetic“精力充足的”;frightening“令人胆怯 的”。依据空后的内容可知,妈妈认为我以后会结交新挚友,穿着熨烫得体的衣服会给人好的印象,由此可知,熨烫衣服是一个必要的(necessary)技能。43.A.conclusion B.suggestionC.impression D.observation答案C解析conclusion“结论”;suggestion“建议”;impression“印象”;observation“视察”。短语“makeagoodimpression”为固定搭配,意为“留下好印象”。这里指熨烫得体的衣服将会帮助作者给他人留下好的印象。44.A.useful B.easy C.special D.suitable答案B解析useful“有用的”;easy“简洁的”;special“特殊的”;suitable“合适的”。依据后文的种种描述可以得知,烫衬衫不是一件很简洁的(easy)工作。45.A.direct B.single C.smooth D.strange答案C解析direct“干脆的”;single“单身的”;smooth“光滑的,流畅的”;strange“惊奇的”。依据下文“像在每10英尺有一个停车标示牌(sign)的街道上驾驶汽车”可知,它(指烫衬衫)并非像滑冰那样流畅地(smooth)进行。46.A.advertisement B.signC.symbol D.mark答案B解析advertisement“广告”;sign“迹象,指示牌”;symbol“象征”;mark“标记”。此处是指“熨烫衣服就像在每10英尺有一个停车标示牌(sign)的街道上驾驶汽车”。47.A.doubt B.pressure C.surprise D.danger答案D解析doubt“怀疑”;pressure“压力”;surprise“惊异”;danger“危急”。而且,熨斗产生的蒸汽可能带来危急(danger)。48.A.burnt B.warm C.excited D.ill答案A解析burnt“烧伤的”;warm“暖和的”;excited“兴奋的”;ill“生病的”。此处是指“假如你弄错了,你会被烧伤”。49.A.jumpedoff B.felldownC.wentaway D.setsail答案C解析jumpoff“跳下来”;falldown“跌倒”;goaway“离开”;setsail“启航”。此处是指“假如当你离开(wentaway)的时候你遗忘把它关掉,你或许会把房子烧光”。50.A.taught B.choseC.forced D.persuaded答案A解析teach“教会”;choose“选择”;force“强迫”;persuade“劝服”。关于技术,妈妈起先教(taught)我,这听起来很简洁却很奇妙。51.A.attraction B.designC.intelligence D.strength答案C解析attraction“吸引力”;design“设计”;intelligence“才智”;strength“力气”。此处是指“这看起来很简洁,但你必需用你的才智(intelligence)去做”。52.A.honesty B.freedomC.justice D.pride答案D解析honesty“诚恳”;freedom“自由”;justice“公正”;pride“骄傲”。asenseofpride骄傲感。多年来,我已经娴熟地学会了熨烫衬衫,这给了我一种骄傲(pride)感。53.A.Instead B.BesidesC.Otherwise D.However答案B解析instead“反而”;besides“除……之外”;otherwise“否则”;however“然而”。除此之外(Besides),通过熨烫衣服,我已经学会了解决最麻烦问题的方法。54.A.collection B.lesson C.way D.solution答案D解析collection“保藏品”;lesson“教训,课程”;way“方法”;solution“解决方案”。依据后面的“最麻烦的问题”可知,此处是指“我学会了如何找出最麻烦的问题的解决方案(solution)”。55.A.Makeup B.DealwithC.Askfor D.Relyon答案B解析makeup“组成,编造”;dealwith“处理,应付”;askfor“询问”;relyon“依靠”。“一次处理(dealwith)一处有皱褶的地方(即一次处理一个问题)”,正如妈妈曾经说过,“不久之后一切都会解决”。其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthedistantpast,friendsreliedoneachotherfortheirsurvival.Theyhuntedtogetheranddefendedeachotheragainst56.(danger)animalsandenemies.Inthosedays,ifyoudidn’thaveafriend,youwouldeitherstarve,57.(eat)orkilled.Nowadays,friendshipisn’t58.(exact)amatteroflifeanddeath.However,friendshipisstillofgreatimportanceandnot59.(have)afriendissomethingtobeconcernedabout.Mostpeoplelookuponafriendassomeonetheycandependonwhentheyaregoing60.timesoftrouble.Insuchtimes,friendsprovidethemwithemotionalsupportandsometimesfinancialhelp.Itisinthesetroubledtimes61.theyfindoutwhotheirtruefriendsare.Astheoldsaying62.(go),intimesofsuccess,friendswillbeplenty;intimesof63.(suffer),notoneintwenty.Andthereisanothersayingthatsaysyoucanhardlymakeafriendinayear,butyoucaneasilyupsetonein64.hour.Sodoyourbesttogetalongwithandbegratefultoallthosewho65.(be)willingtosidewithyouevenwhenyouareintroubleastheyareyourtruefriends.答案与解析【