第12讲宾语从句专题（原卷版）-2023年八年级英语寒假课（牛津上海版）

第12讲宾语从句专题【学习目标】【基础知识】Ⅰ.定义宾语从句，顾名思义，是一个用作宾语的句子。例如：Idon’tknowif/whethermyfatherwillebacktomorrow.（我不知道明天我爸爸是否会回来。）Tomcan’tdecidewhichsweaterheshouldbuy.（汤姆不能决定应该买哪一件羊毛衫。）Weallknow（that）thesunrisesintheeast.（我们都知道太阳在东方升起。）Ⅱ.语序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序主语十谓语+宾语从句(从句由“连接词+陈述句”构成Ⅲ.连接词that引导宾语从句只起连接作用，其本身没有意义，在口语中常可省略：主语+谓语+宾语从句(“that+陈述句”)Ithink（that）youshouldbemorecareful．我觉得你应多加小心。I’mafraid（that）hewon’teontime．我恐怕他不会准时到。whether/if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”：主语+谓语+宾语从句(“whether+陈述句”)Iwonderwhether/ifhewille.我不知道他是否会来。【注意】只用whether不用if的情况引导介词后的宾语从句时Itdependsonwhetheritwillsnowtomorrow.与ornot连用时Iaskyoursecretarywhethershecouldeornot.与不定式连接Ireallydon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.④宾语从句前置，置于句首时Whethertheycanehereontime,wedon’tknow.疑问代词和疑问副词引导宾语从句疑问代词who，which，what，whose，whom以及疑问副词when，where，how，why均引导宾语从句，但一定要注意用陈述句语序。(1)who/whom:主语+谓语+宾语从句(“who／whom+陈述句”)Doyouknowwho/whomtheyare?你知道他们是谁吗？(2)who:主语+谓语十宾语从句(“who+陈述句”)Iknowwhoiscryingoverthere．我知道谁在那里哭。(3)which:主语+谓语+宾语从句(“which+陈述句”)PleasetellmewhichbusIshouldtake．请告诉我该做哪一辆公交车。(4)what:主语+谓语+宾语从句(“what+陈述句”)Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.我不知道该做什么。(5)when:主语+谓语+宾语从句(“when+陈述句”)Doyouknowwhenhewillgo?你知道他什么时候走？(6)where:主语+谓语+宾语从句(“where+陈述句”)Canyoutellmewherehewillgo?你能告诉我他要去哪么？(7)how:主语+谓语+宾语从句(“how十陈述句”)Idon’tknowhowtodoit.我不知道怎么做。Ⅳ.时态当主句的谓语动词时一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用相应的过去时态。Thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboywherehelived.Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或祈使句时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。Pleasetellmewhomyouwenttothegardenwiththismorning.当宾语从句表达客观事实或规律时，其时态应用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.Everyoneknewthattherearesixtyminutesinanhour.Ⅴ.直接引语变间接引语引语是陈述句:主语+said,“陈述句”＝>主语+said+(that)+陈述句直接引语：Hesaid,“I’mveryglad.”间接引语：Hesaid(that)hewasveryglad.引语是一般疑问句:主语+asked,“一般疑问句＝>主语+asked+whether/if+陈述句直接引语：Heasked,“Areyouverybusythesedays?”间接引语：Heaskedmewhether／wasverybusythosedays.直接引语：Hesaid,“Canyouethisafternoon,John?”间接引语：HeaskedwhetherJohncouldgothatafternoon.引语是特殊疑问句:主语asked,“特殊疑问句”＝>主语+asked+疑问词+陈述句Hesaid,“Whendoyouwanttoleave?”＝>HeaskedmewhenIwantedtoleave.Hesaid,“Whatdoyouwanttoread?”＝>HeaskedmewhatIwantedtoread.Hesaid,“WhereisMr.Wang?”＝>HeaskedwhereMr.Wangwas.引语是祈使句:主语+ask／tell/ordersb.(not)todosth.Hesaid,“Openthedoor,John!”＝>HeaskedJohntoopenthedoor.Hesaid,“Don'ttalkinclass!”＝>Heorderedusnottotalkinclass.【注意】转换过程中时间状语、地点状语、指示代词和某些动词的变化。直接引语＝>间接引语now=>thentoday=>thatdaytonight=>thatnightyesterday=>thedaybeforetomorrow=>thenextdaylastweek=>theweekbeforenextweek=>thenextweekintwodays=>twodayslaterago=>beforehere=>therethis=>thatthese=>thosee=>gobring=>take例句例1Hesaid,“Iamadrivernow.”Hetoldmethathewasadriverthen.例2Hesaid,“IwenttoBeijinglastweek.”HesaidthathehadgonetoBeijingtheweekbefore.例3Heasked,“Willyouetomorrow?”HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgothenextday.例4Heasked,“Whenwillyouleave?”HeaskedmewhenIwouldleave.例5Hesaid,“Iamhavingmybikerepairedhere.”Hesaidthathewashavinghisbikerepairedthere.例6Heasked,“Haveyoufinishedreadingthisbook.”HeaskedmeifIhadfinishedreadingthatbook.例7Hesaid,“Theearthmovesroundthesun.”Hesaidthattheearthmovesroundthesun.【真题演练】1．Whichsentencecontainsanobjectiveclause(宾语从句)?A．Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonforhalfanhour. B．Pleasetelluswhenhisfatherwillreturnfromabroad.C．I’llringyouupwhenIarriveinBeijing. D．Shealwaysturnstousforhelpwhensheisintrouble.2．—I’msorryfor________Isaid.—Itdoesn’tmatter.A．how B．which C．what D．when3．—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—Gostraight.It’sacrossfromthepark.A．howcanIgettothenearestbank B．howIcangettothenearestbankC．whencanIgettothenearestbank D．whenIcangettothenearestbank4．—Itseemsthatsheismovedtocrybytheheroics(英雄事迹).—Iwonder________.A．whyisshecrying B．whenwillshecryC．whatcanwedoforher D．whatshehasheardabout5．—Showmethemap,please.Iwonder________.

—Look,it’shere,intheeastofChina.A．wheredoestheislandlie B．whereistheislandlocatedC．wheretheislandliesin D．wheretheislandislocated6．Nobodycanreallypredict________in50years.Soenjoyeveryminuteinourlife.A．howthefuturewillbelike B．whatwillthelifebelikeC．whatwillhappen D．howwillthefuturebe7．Canyoutellme________?A．whoismoreserious B．what’sthebestmovietheaterC．howoftendoyouexercise D．wheredidyougoonvacation8．Henry,canyoutellme________?A．whatdidyoudojustnow B．what’syourfavoriteTVprogramC．ifyoukeeponexercisingthesedays D．whenwillthegamestart9．Mr.Mawondered________.A．thathisstudentsdidn’thandintheirhomework B．ifdidn’thisstudentshandintheirhomeworkC．whodoesn’thandinhishomework D．whodidn’thandinhishomework10．—Canyoutellme_________?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.A．whatthemovieislike B．whatisthemovieaboutC．whatdoyouthinkofthemovie D．whatkindofmovieisit11．—Doyouknow________thediscussion?—NextMonday.A．whentheyhad B．whendidtheyhaveC．whenwilltheyhave D．whentheywillhave12．Areyousure________Mr.Liwilletoyourbirthdayparty?A．that B．if C．when D．how13．Toshow________wearegoingtomissher,let’shaveasurprisepartyforhernextweek.A．howmany B．howmuch C．howsoon D．howlong14．—Iwonder________Timdidn’tetomypartyyesterday.—Becausehehadtolookafterhisgrandpainthehospital.A．what B．who C．why D．how15．—Couldyoutellme________?—Certainly.A．whathappenedtohim B．whereisthemovietheatreC．whichanimalsdoeshelikebest D．whenwillhisbirthdaypartystart16．ItissaidancientcitieslikeLoulanandPompeii________atanimportantpositionoftransportation.Riversonce________throughthecitydowntown.A．laid;winded B．waslain;wounded C．lay;wound D．waslied;wound17．—WhatdidJanesaytoyoujustnow,Leo?—Shewantedtoknow________.A．IfIcouldhelpherwithhermath B．whenwillwehavetheartfestivalC．howourhighschoolwillbelike D．whatdidIdolastweekend18．—Canyoutellme________thereisrestaurantnearhere?—Ofcourse.There’soneacrossfromXinhuaBookstore.A．that B．what C．when D．whether19．I’m_________sure_________puterscanworkinourheadswell.A．/;whether B．not;thatC．not;if D．quite;whether20．Everybodyknowsthatallroads________Rome.A．ledto B．leadsto C．leadingto D．leadto【过关检测】21．—Doyouknow________?—Byasmalllake.A．wheredidtheycamp B．wheretheycampedC．whentheywillhavetheirpicnic D．whenwilltheyhavetheirpicnic22．—Iwonder________.—I’mnotsure,butIhopeso.Ithasbeendryfortwomonths.A．ifitwillraintomorrow B．whyitdoesn’trainC．whentherainwillstop D．howlongtherainwilllastthewateragain23．I’mwondering________.A．wherearemylostkeys B．whatdoeshisbrotherdoC．howdidthegirlgotowork D．whyyouwerelatethismorning24．—Couldyoutellme_______yuanxiaoinChina?—UsuallyattheLanternFestival.A．wheredopeopleeat B．whenpeopleeatC．whypeopleeat D．howdopeopleeat25．—IsDavidstillinParisorhashereturnedtoWuhan?—I’mnotsure.I’llcalltomakesure__________.A．howhewillgetback B．ifhehasbeenbackC．whenhasheeback D．whyhehaseback26．—NextSaturdayismyfather’sbirthday.I’mthinkingabout________.—Goodgirl!Andpleasegivemybestwishestohim.A．whatpresentshouldIgivehim B．howIcangivehimasurpriseC．ifIplannedapartyforhim D．wherewillmyfamilyhaveabigmeal27．—WhatdidTomsaytoyoujustnow,John?—Heasked__________.A．whatthematterwasB．whyIamsohappytodayC．whodidIplayfootballwithafterschoolD．ifIcouldgotothemoviewithhimtonight28．—Idon’tknow________.—Don’tworry.Letmetellyou.A．whatdoesHanselgoouttoget B．whenshallIbeefriendswithmyparentsC．howlonghashehadthebike D．howhighMulanMountis29．—CanIhelpyou?—Pleasetellme________.A．howmuchdoesthefoodcost B．howmuchthefoodcostC．what’sthepriceofthefood D．whatthepriceofthefoodis30．—Iwonder________Ishouldwaterthiskindoftree.—Everyday.A．howoften B．howlong C．howsoon D．howmuch31．Analysethesentencepatternbelowandchoosethebestanswer.Itshowedwhatlifewaslikefortheindigenouspeoplewhohadtolivehereallthoseyearsago.A．宾语从句+定语从句 B．宾语从句+定语从句+时间状语C．主语从句+定语从句 D．主语从句+定语从句+时间状语32．Whichsentencecontainsthemostclauses?A．Weknowthatacat,whoseeyescantakeinmanymoreraysoflightthanoure