2024高考英语二轮复习专题1第2部分第5讲介词和介词短语专题训练含解析

PAGE第5讲介词和介词短语专题训练对应学生用书P031Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Myparentsandteachersweresurprised________mybadperformance.解析句意：我父母和老师对我不好的表现感到很惊异。besurprisedat为固定短语，意为“对……感到惊异”。答案at2．Nowadays,millions________lonelysinglesarenowgoingonline.解析句意：现在，数以百万计的感到孤独的单身人士正在上网。millionsof为固定结构，意为“数以百万计的”。答案of3．OnSaturdaymorning,theydecidedtoclimbthemountainbythemselveswhiletheirparentsrelaxedatthecampsite.Afterthreehours,theyreachedthetop________noproblem.解析句意：在周六的早晨，他们确定当他们的父母在营地休息时，他们独自去爬山。3个小时后，他们轻易地到达了山顶。withnoproblem意为“轻易地”。答案with4．Oceancurrentschanged________theclimateandprobablyledthefishintodifferentareas.解析句意：洋流随气候改变而改变，并可能会把鱼带到不同的区域。with表示伴随，意为“随着”。答案with5．Awoman,sittingnexttotheboy,discoveredhewas________aschooltripandwastoldtomeethisteacheratthebusstop.解析句意：紧挨着那个男孩儿坐着的一位女士发觉他正在参与学校组织的旅游，他被告知要在公交站和他的老师会合。ona．..trip为固定短语，意为“在旅行”。答案on6．LasVegasisaveryexcitingcity________greathotels,finerestaurantsandevencasinos.解析句意：拉斯维加斯是一个令人兴奋的城市，那里有很大的宾馆，高档的餐厅甚至有赌场。本题考查介词。with表示伴随，意为“有”。答案with7．Manypeoplewholivealongthecoastmakealiving________fishingindustry.解析句意：许多住在海边的人们靠渔业为生。表示“在……行业”用介词in。答案in8．Themothercontinuedtocarefortheyoungpanda________morethantwoyears.解析句意：熊猫妈妈会接着照看幼崽两年多。表示一段时间的名词前用介词for。答案for9．WhenyoudrivethroughtheRedwoodForestsinCalifornia,youwillbe________treesthatareover1,000yearsold.解析句意：当你驾车穿过加利福尼亚的红杉林时，你会置身在那些树龄超过1000年的树木之间。among“在……当中；为……所围绕”，符合语境。答案among10．AsQueenElizabethinherNewYearSpeechof2024putsit,formany,theideaof“home”reaches________aphysicalbuildingtoahometown,acityoranation.解析句意：正如伊丽莎白女王在2024年新年演说中所说的，对许多人来说，“家”的概念超越了一个有形的建筑，它是一个城镇、一个城市或一个国家。beyond“超过，超越”。答案beyondⅡ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1．Hehaswrittentwobooksandnowhetravelsconstantlytotalktopeoplewithhislife.________________解析talktosb.aboutsth.“与某人谈论某事”，是固定用法，故with改为about。答案with→about2．Ibelieveinthisschoolruleisbeneficialtoeverystudent.________________解析句意：“我”信任这个学校规定对每一个学生都是有益的。believe后接宾语从句，believein表示“信任”不符合句意，故去掉believe后的介词in。答案去掉in3．EverytimeIlookatthepicturesforwhichItook,Iwillrememberthewater,thebridgesandthehouses.________________解析句意：每次看到我拍摄的照片，我都会记起那里的水、桥和房子。“forwhichItook”为定语从句，先行词为thepictures，将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作took的宾语，需用which而非forwhich引导，故将for删除。答案去掉for4．Lastyear,Itookpartacharityconcert,whichwasorganizedbyseveralcommunitiestosupportanon­profitorgnization.________________解析句意：去年，我参与了一场慈善音乐会，该音乐会是几个社区为了赞助一个非营利性组织而举办的。takepartin为固定短语，故在part后加in。答案part后加in5．Thephenomenonthatpeoplearetooaddictedintheirmobilephonesisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.________________解析句意：人们过于沉溺于手机这种现象正变得越来越普遍。beaddictedto为固定短语，意为“沉溺于……；对……上瘾”。故将in改为to。答案in→to6．Onsuchcoldweather,westayedwithheruntiltheambulancecametothescene.________________解析句意：在那么寒冷的天气里，我们始终和她待在一起直到救援车到达现场。英文中表示“在……的天气里”要用介词in而非on，故将On改为In。答案On→In7．Lastsummerholidaymyunclecametovisitus.Atthefirstdayofhisvisit,wewentoutwithoneofmyfather'sfriendsforlunchatanoutdoorcafé.________________解析依据句意可知，本处是指“在我叔叔来的第一天”。在详细的某一天要用介词on，故将At改为On。答案At→On8．TwoforeignEnglishteacherswereinvitedtoactlikejudges.________________解析actas是固定短语，意为“充当；担当”。答案like→as9．At8am，wegatheredthefootofDaqingMountainandsetoutforthetopinhighspirits.________________解析句意：在上午八点，我们在大青山山脚下集合，然后心情高涨地向山顶挺进。gather作“集合”讲，为不及物动词，后面需用介词短语作地点状语，故在thefoot前加at。答案thefoot前加at10．Underourhelp,allthebookswerefreefromtherain.________________解析句意：在我们的帮助下，全部的书都没被雨淋。withone'shelp为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”。故将Under改为With。答案Under→WithⅢ.语法填空Inthechemistrylab,because__1__astudent'scarelessness，thetubecrackedandtheliquidinitcausedafireonthetable.Fortunately，heputitout__2__timeatlast.Infact，itiscommontohavesomesmallaccidentscaused__3__carelessness.Iusedtoenjoycooking，soIalwayssoughtachancetocook.However，thedesireled__4__anaccident.OnceIstayed__5__homealone.Idecidedtocook.IputallthefoodIneeded__6__apot.ThenIhadtowait__7__ittoboil.Inordertokillthewaitingtime，IwenttowatchTV.OnlyinafewminuteswasIfascinatedbyawonderfulprogramme.ItwasabouthalfanhourlaterthatIrememberedmyfood.Iturned__8__thecookerimmediatelybutunfortunatelythefoodranover__9__thepot.Iwasblamedandhadtocleanthekitchen.Soweshouldpayattention__10__everythingwearedoingtoavoidaccidents.1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________答案与解析【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。作者通过自己的经验告知读者在日常生活中应当到处当心以免发生意外。1．of设空处后的中心词为名词carelessness，设空处前为because，由此可推断设空处填of。becauseof是介词短语，意为“由于”。2．in句意：幸运的是，最终他刚好将火扑灭了。intime“刚好”。3．by句意：事实上，由于马虎而导致一些小事故很常见。by意为“被；由”。本句中“caused...”作定语，修饰accidents。4．to句意：然而，这种欲望却导致了一次事故。leadto是动词短语，意为“导致”。5．at句意：一次我独自待在家里。stayathome为固定短语，意为“待在家里”。6．into句意：我将我所须要的全部食物都放进一口锅里。o...“将……放进……”。7．forwaitfor为固定短语，意为“等待”。8．offturnoff“关闭(煤气、电路等)”。9．fromrunoverfrom...“从……中溢出”。10．topayattentionto为固定短语，意为“留意”。Ⅳ.短文改错HearthatMcDonald'sChinesebusinesschangeditscompany'snamefromMaidanglaotoJingongmen,whichmeansgoldenarches,IwassurprisedbutIsaid“no”toit!Howterribleandfashionable!IwassurfedtheInternetandfoundmanynetuserstalkingaboutitheated.Ialsofoundthefollowinginformations：“GoldenArchesisthesymbolforMcDonald's.Originally,realarcheswerepartoftherestaurantdesign.GoldenArches,acurrentlogo,likean‘M’for‘McDonald's’．”Now,Icanacceptthenewname.DoyoustillthinkJingongmenissoridiculousasitwas?答案与解析eq\o(Hear,\s\do14(①Hearing))thatMcDonald'sChinesebusinesschangeditscompany'snamefromMaidanglaotoJingongmen,whichmeansgoldenarches,Iwassurprisedeq\o(but,\s\do14(②and))Isaid“no”toit!Howterribleandeq\o(fashionable,\s\do14(③unfashionable))！IsurfedtheInternetandfoundmanynetuserstalkingaboutiteq\o(heated,\s\do14(⑤heatedly)).Ialsofoundthefollowingeq\o(informations,\s\do14(⑥information))：“GoldenArchesisthesymboleq\o(for,\s\do14(⑦of))McDonald's.Originally,realarcheswerepartoftherestaurantdesign.GoldenArches,eq\o(a,\s\do14(⑧the))currentlogo,eq\o(∧,\s\do14(⑨is))likean‘M’for