专题6.现在完成时知识梳理与精练

Today,giveastrangeroneofyoursmiles.Itmightbetheonlysunshineheseesallday.今天，给一个陌生人送上你的微笑吧。很可能，这是他一天中见到的唯一的阳光。现在完成时一．1.结构 have/has+动词过去分词否定句 haven’t/hasn’t+动词过去分词疑问句 Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词？肯定回答Yes,主语+has/have.否定回答No,主语+hasn’t/haven’t.2.过去分词的变化A直接加edB不发音的e结尾动词，动词词尾加dC辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加edD以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加edE不规则变化见不规则动词表3.过去分词ed发音规律清念/t/元浊/d//t//d/以后念/id/finished borrowed wantedpassed enjoyed shoutedhelped called neededcooked moved counted4.havebeento表示曾经去过某地（现在不在那里了），后面可接去过某地的次数，如once,twice,threetimes等。havegoneto表示已经去了某地（现在还没有返回）。havebeenin表示在某地多长时间了，常在含有for+时间段；since+时间点的时间状语的句子中使用。实战演练一1.youevertoBeijing?No,I.2.WhereisMike?HetoBeijingalready.3.Whereyou?Icouldn’tfindyou.4.youruncletotheGreatWallyet?Yes,he.5.MrSmithJapanforthreeyears.6.China[rɪˈpɔ:tid]thatwehasalreadymadegreatprogressinthepast20years.7.We[ˈsætɪsfaɪd]people’sneedswithmorekindsoffoodandclothes.二．句型转换1.Chinahasdevelopedrapidlysincethereformandopeningup.(改为疑问句)rapidlysincethereformandopeningup?2.ShehasgonetoCubatobeavolunteer.SheCubatobeavolunteersincethissummerholiday.3.I’velearntalotfromit.(改为否定句)Ialotfromit.4.Haveyoubeentoanyotherplace?,.(肯定回答)二．现在完成时常与下列副词连用：already已经（多用于肯定陈述句，句中）yet尚，还，仍然（多用于否定句、疑问句，句末）ever曾经（多用于疑问句，句中）recently最近（多用于句末）never从不（多用于否定句，句中）just仅仅（多用于肯定句句中）before之前（一般位于句末）用just,already,yet,recently,ever,never填空a.HaveyoubeentotheWestLake?No,Ihavebeenthere.b.Ihavereadthenoveltwice.c.Haveyoufinishedyourwork?d.Ihaven’theardfromher.e.Hehasgoneshoppingwithhisparents.f.Ihaveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.g.Jackhasfinishedhishomework.h.Hasthebusleft?Yes,ithasleft.i.你曾经去过法国吗？HaveyoubeentoFrance?j.以前我从没丢过书。Ihavelostbooksbefore.三．—现在完成时1.Hehasbeenawayfromthearmyfornineyearsbecauseofalegwound.(1)for和since区别for用来说明动作的延续时间长短，即多长时间，时间段用来说明动作起点，即时间点，指具体的年，月，日，时，星期几sincesince+一段时间+ago，表示自……时间前开始至今since+一般过去时从句Itis(hasbeen)+一段时间+since+一般过去时从句时间段+haspassedsince+一般过去时从句(2)leave为瞬间性动词（短暂性），不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如果有时间段的时间状语，要将短暂性动词改为延续性动词。【链接】常见短暂变延续的动词die——bedead borrow/lend——keep e/go——beinbuy——have leave——beaway(from) finish——beoverbegin/start——beon open——beopen close——beclosedbee——be join——beinhave/hasbeen+adj./prep.have/haskepthave/hashadfor+时间段have/hasbeen+adj./prep.have/haskepthave/hashadfor+时间段since+时间点Howlong疑问句用since和for填空1.JimhasbeeninIrelandMonday.2.JillhasbeeninIrelandthreedays.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.4.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere7o'clock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry1974.6.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting20minutes.7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.8.Mikehasbeenillalongtime.HehasbeeninhospitalOctober.9.ItthreeyearsIcametoAmerica.课后练习一．用“for”或“since”填空。1999oneyearSaturday10o’clocklastweekstwoweeks10hoursagohewasborntwomonthsagooverfivedayswecameherelastyear二．、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Everystudent_________________(see)thefilmalready.2.KentandI__________________(write)asongbefore.3.Dick_______________(do)theworkthesedays.4.Thepeopleinthemountains________never________(see)films.5.Patty_______________(buy)amagazineabouttheschoollife.6.Theactress________________(live)hereallherlife.7.Theglassisbroken.Who________(break)thisglass?8.Finallytheworkers______________(finish)thatjob.9.________you________(borrow)thebookwetalkedabutlasttime?10.There’snomorewineinthebottle.They________(drink)allofit.11.Tom________(leave)amessageforyou.He________(call)lastnight.12.I______________(see)themovieoncebefore.I__________(love)italot.13.A:__________________(you/hear)thenews?B:yes,I________A:Who_______________(tell)youthenews?B:LiMing________(do)A:When____________________(he/tell)you?B:Twohoursago.14.I_______already_______(see)thefilm.I_______(see)itlastweek.15.______he_________(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.16.______you______(be)toHongKong?Yes,I_________(be)theretwice.17.______youever________(eat)chocolatesundaes?No,never.18.Myfather_______just________(e)backfromwork.Heistirednow.19.Where`sLiMing?He________(go)totheteacher`soffice.20.Shanghai______(be)asmalltownhundredsofyearsago.Nowit______________(bee)alargecity.21.I___________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.22.SofarI____________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.23.Howlong______theWangs_________(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.三、句型转换(每空一词)。1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改为否定句)I______________beentoMacaubefore.2.Hehasn`tetoschoolbecausehe`sill.(就划线部分提问)__________________heetoschool?3.HehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.(就划线部分提问)___________________________learnedEnglish?4.Iboughtanewbikejustnow.(用just改写)I________j