高考语法讲座 形容词和副词

高考语法讲座形容词和副词形容词、副词是高考的热点，难点，现在就高考试题讲一下形容词、副词的用法。一、命题点命题点1考察形容词和副词在具体语境中的应用1.Imustbegettingfat-Ican____domytrousersup.(NMET2004)

A.fairlyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.seldom2.Whenweplanourvacation,Motheroftenoffers___suggestions.(NMET2004)

A.carefulB.PracticalC.effectiveD.acceptable分析：第1题考查副词的运用，fairly意为“公平地、十分地”；hardly意为“几乎不”；nearly意为“几乎”seldom意为“很少”。从提干上看，破折号后的内容是对前一句的解释，doup意为“系上，扣上”，显然B项符合题意。第2题考查形容词词义的区别，careful意为“仔细的”，practical意为“实际的、实用的”effective意为“有效的”；acceptable意为“可接受的”。根据语境可知B项最佳。命题点2考查多个形容词修饰同一中心名词时的排列顺序。(1)JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa____car.(NMET2004辽宁)

A.largeGermanwhiteB.largewhiteGerman

C.whitelargeGermanD.Germanlargewhite(2)The___housesmellsasifithasn'tbeenlivedinforyears.(NMET2004江苏)A.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenlittleC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle分析：多个形容词修饰同一名词时，其排列顺序为：限（即限定词，如a,the,my,all---）观（即表示观点的形容词，如good,fine---）形（即表示形状的形容词，如big,small,round---）色（即表示颜色的形容词，如red,brown,yellow---）国（即表示国家、地区的形容词，如Chinese,Asian,European---）材（即表示构成事物材料的形容词，如wooden,metal,glass…）+中心名词。命题点3考查形容词、副词与其它词类构成的习惯搭配（1）-I’mvery___withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.-Mm,itdoeshavea_____smell.(NMET2003)A.pleasant;pleasedB.Pleased;pleasedC.Pleased;pleasantD.pleased;Pleasant(2)Mr.Smithusedtosmoke___buthehasgivenitup.(NMET2004天津)A.seriouslyB.heavilyC.badlyD.hardly分析：第1题bepleasedwith对-----满意，是习惯搭配：pleasant意为令人愉快的，故D项正确。第2题表示吸烟很多，smoke通常与heavily连用，故B项正确。命题点4考查词尾有-ly与无-ly的副词区别Itwasrainingheavily,LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood___tohermother.(NMET2002)A.

closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing分析：中学课本中常见的这类副词有：close接近、靠近（指实际距离）closely仔细地、严密地；late晚、迟。近来；lately努力地、猛烈地，hardly几乎不，last上一次，lastly最后（一点）；just正好、刚才，justly公正地；dear突然地、完全地，deadly致命的，非常，dear昂贵地，dearly深深地、非常；deep深深地（指实际动作），deeply深入地、深深地（比喻）；most最、非常，大多数，mostly主要地；high高高地（指具体的高度），highly高度地、非常；near附近，接近，nearly几乎；free自由地、免费地，freely自由地，随便地；wide广大地、宽地，widely广泛的。掌握了这类词的基本用法和规律，本题的答案容易找到。根据题意知，A项正确。命题点5考查比较等级的用法包括：（1）比较级、最高级的基本用法（2）比较级的修饰词（３）特殊的比较句型（４）as---as同级比较结构等(1)

HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot____anativespeaker.(NMET2004上海)A.asfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan(2)Therearetwobuildings____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.(NMET2004湖北)A.thelargerB.thelargerofthatC.thelargeonethatD.thelargerofwhich(3)Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas___thanexpected.Thereweremanyticketsleft.(NMET2004福建)A.muchsmallerB.muchmoreC.muchlargerD.manymore(4)AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn___.(NMET2002上海)A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife分析：第１题考查as--as同级比较结构，从speak知此空应填副词，排除Ａ、Ｂ两项。As---as结构用于否定句时，前一个as可用so代替，故C项正确，D项将much改为more才正确。第２题考查比较级的特殊结构，凡两者比较要评一个“最……”时，比较级前通常加the，此题空格前没有and连接，说明是一句话，故Ｄ项非限制性定语从句正确。第３题考查比较级的基本用法及其修饰语，提干中的比较对象是number，故排除B|D两项，根据后句知Ａ项正确，修饰比较级的常用语有：much,alot,agreatdeal,far,even,still,byfar,abit,alittle,rather,any等。另外，数词、倍数、分数等也可修饰比较级。第４题考查比较级的特殊结构，这里构成“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”结构，意为“越……越…...”，用正常语序。故Ｂ项正确。二、形容词比较级小结形容词比较级在高考考试中是一个重要考点，也是学生最容易混淆的知识点，根据这一情况特归纳如下：1.as…as…/notas(so)…as…eg:①Ourneighborhas___B___ours.A.asabighouseasB.asbigahouseasC.thesamebighouseas

D.ahousethesamebigas②HespeaksEnglishwellindeed;butofcoursenot___C__anativespeaker.A.asfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan分析：as…as表示“与……一样”，notas…as…或notso…as…意思是“不如……”；第一个as或so后接adj.或adv.的原级，第二个as后接比较的对象。2.比较前的程度状语Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas___A___thanexpected，thereweremanyticketsleft.分析：比较级前根据不同意思，可用不同程度的状语。any一些、一点，常用于疑问句中。abit、alittle、slightly稍微、一点。much、alot、greatly、byfar、far、agreatdeal……得多，even更……3.the+比较级Therearetwobuildings,___D_standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthem

C.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich分析：表示两者中“较…的一个”时，用定冠词the.另外：“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越…就越…”。ThemoreBillworkedonthemathproblem,themoreconfusedhebecame.这道习题比尔越做越糊涂。4.倍数表达法①Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced___C___tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.

A.astwicemany

B.asmanytwice

C.twiceasmany

D.twicemanyas②Ataroughestimate,Nigeriais__D___GreatBritain.A.threetimesthesizeasB.thesizethreetimesofC.threetimesasthesizeofD.threetimesthesizeof③Itisreportedthattheunitedstatesused___D____energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuch

C.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch分析：倍数的表达法通常有以下三种：①倍数+as+原级+as+对比成分例：我们的教室是他们的三倍大。Ourclassroomisthreetimesasbigastheirs.②倍数+thesize(length,width,depth,height)of+对比成分Ourclassroomisthreetimesthesizeoftheirs.③倍数+比较级+对比成分Ourclassroomisthreetimesbiggerthantheirs.下面对上一讲的内容进行巩固：1.Whathesaidjustnowsounded______,Ithink.A.quiteperfectlyB.niceandinterestingC.niceorpoliteD.nicelyandfriendly2.Doyouenjoylisteningtorecords?Ifindrecordsareoften______orbetterthananactualperformance.A.asgoodasB.asgoodC.goodD.goodas3.Lastnightwemetwith________rainatthestation.A.aquiteheavyB.tooheavyaC.suchheavyaD.asoheavy4.Afterhavinggone________far,Georgedidnotwanttoturnback.AenoughB.muchC.suchD.that5.Whichis______book,thenewoneortheoldone?A.betterB.thebetterC.bestD.that6.Theoldgentlemanhas_______beentothegreatWallbefore,hashe?A.alwaysB.alreadyC.everD.not7.Theyhaveproduce______theydidlastyear.A.twicemoregrainasB.twiceasmuchgrainas

C.twiceasmanygrainasD.astwicemanygrainas8.Itissaidthatthefilmis_____seeing.A.veryworthB.quiteworthyofC.wellworthD.ratherworthyof9.MissYangwearsthe_____skitsasyou,but____fromMissXiao’s.A.similar;differentlyB.same;differentC.different;sameD.same;differently10.Thereare_____booksinourlibrarythanyourlibrary.A.manymoreB.moremanyC.muchmoreD.moremuch11.Thelecturewasso______thatallthepeopleinthehallwere______.A.moving;excitingB.moving;excitedC.moved;excitedD.move;exciting12.Smokingissobadforhishealththathedoesn’tsmoke.A.nolongerB.theoldestCanylongerD.atall13.Theteacherwonderedwhy____manystudentshadmade______carelessmistake.

Aso;soB.so;suchCsuch;soDsuch;such14.Itis_____thathisEnglishis_____perfect.A.sure;veryB.right;ratherC.exact;fairlyD.certainquite15.OxfordandCambridgeare______oftheBritishUniversities.A.theolderB.theoldestC.olderD.oldest16.Thereisstill______betweenthetopandthebottomincomegroupsinthiscountry.A.toomuchbigagap

B.atoomuchbiggap

C.muchtoobigagapD.amuchtoobiggap17.GreatBritainis_____ofthesetwoisland.

A.thelargerB.thelargestC.largerD.thebiggest18.Initscentralpartmanystreetsare______100yearoldA.moreoverB.welloverC.wellaboveD.orso19.--Doyouthinkhecanwinthistime.--Oh,yes.Itis______-thatawill.A.verylikelyB.almostsurelyC.quitecertainlyD.verypossibly20.Mr.Wanghasneverseen_______placeasDisneyland.A.morebeautifulaB.amorebeautifulC.sobeautifulaD.suchbeautifula21.My______sisterwhoworksinthebankistwoyears____thanI.A.younger;olderB.older;elderC.elder;elderD.elder;older22.Chinaisalargecountrywhichisgetting____.A.moreandmoredevelopedB.moreandmoredevelopingC.moredevelopedandmoredeveloped

D.moredevelopingandmoredeveloping23.Thesportsshoesare___forme.

A.tooalittlesmallB.alittlesmalltooC.toosmallalittleD.alittletoosmall24.Myparentswere____whenIreachedhome.A.quiteasleepB.sleepingfast

C.soundasleepD.toosleeping25.____,themorehelikesit.

A.ItisthemoredangerousB.ItisthemostdangerousC.ThemoreitisdangerousD.Themoredangerousitis26.Chinahasa___populationthan____inAfrica.A.more;anyothercountryB.more;anycountryC.larger;anycountryD.larger;alltheothercountries27.-Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?-Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas___interestingthanIhadexpected.A.farmoreB.evenmuchC.somoreD.alotmuch28.Thisisamostbeautifulpark.Ihaveneverseen____onebefore.A.thebestB.thebetterC.abestD.abetter29.___itistohaveapicnicbythesea!A.WhatagreatpleasureB.WhatgreatpleasureC.HowagreatpleasureD.Howgreatpleasure30.Theboywasn’t____atEnglish,butnowhedoes____init.A.good;goodB.well;betterC.better;wellD.good;better31.He’sliketosleepwiththewindow___atnightA.openwideB.openwidelyC.wideopenD.openedwide32.Heoftenkeeps____newspapers_____.

A.everyday;tidilyB.daily;orderly

C.everyday;tidilyD.theday;tidy33.Wemustleavenow;___we’llbelateforwork.A.soB.otherwiseC.thenD.and34.Shesmiledtothepeoplearoundbut___lookedstraightahead,gettingholdofherhusband’shand.

A.mostB.almostC.mostlyD.nearly35.Theguildtoldusthathewouldorganizesomebusinessmenabroad____nextweek.

A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes36.Whatawonder!They’vefinished____30%ofthetaskwithinoneweek.A.nomorethanB.nolessthanC.notmorethanD.muchlessthan37.I’vegot____worktodoona_____coldday.

A.muchtoo;muchtooB.toomuch;toomuchC.toomuch;muchtooD.muchtoo;toomuch38.–Ishe____bettertoday?-Ofcourse,A.muchB.abitC.anyD.even39.Itiswrong___toyourfatherlikethatA.foryoutalkingB.foryoutotalkC.ofyoutalkingD.ofyoutotalk40.ThebesttimetogotoAustraliais___autumn.A.laterB.latestC.lateD.last41.Thisis___bridgeeverbuiltinChina.A.longestB.thelongerC.thelongestD.alonger42.-CanIhelpyou?-We