高考英语复习专题7-动词时态语态(将来时+被动语态)-学生

2025年高考一轮复习知识清单专题07动词时态语态用法(将来时+被动语态)（讲案）（快问快答+考点细目+精讲精练+真题分层+作文升格+原创语填）目录一、动词时态语态用法快问快答P2二、动词时态语态用法五年高考真题细目表P2考点清单九、一般将来时五种表达方法P1考点清单十、一般将来进行时典型用法P2考点清单十一、将来完成时两种典型用法P2考点清单十二、被动语态两种典型用法P3考点清单十三、主动形式被动意义五种典型用法P4分层训练（一）单句填空(高考真题)P5分层训练（二）单句填空(经典模拟)P6分层训练（三）动词时态语态助力应用文写作升格P7分层训练（四）动词时态语态助力读后续写升格P7分层训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）P8赵新玲：用爱守护“星星的孩子”P8一、动词时态语态用法快问快答Q1：判断动词时态语态有哪些小窍门？A1：最可靠的做法是掌握每种时态的使用场合和标志性词汇、短语，做到有的放矢。Q2：如何确定动词的语态？A2：一方面，需要注意根据语境确定是否应用被动语态，另一方面需要抓住关键性标志，如介词by引起动作的发出者。Q3：如何确定各种从句的时态？A3：如果是状语从句，需要考虑“主将从现”；如果是宾语从句要考虑主从句时态照应；有时像suggest,recommend从句还应考虑虚拟语气用法。Q4：应用文写作遇到动词时态怎么把握？A4：书信类应用文要结合其内容来确定具体时态乃至语态。如邀请信和通知要使用一般将来时；感谢信和道歉信要使用一般过去时；人物介绍和地点介绍要使用一般现在时。Q5：如何才能学好动词时态语态？A5：一是努力掌握基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，学以致用。二、动词时态语态五年高考真题细目表卷别现在时过去时将来时（含被动）2024新课标II卷were；wasbuilt2024全国甲卷were(should)bedone2023新高考II卷wished2023全国甲卷become改为becomesmake→made(can)beemployed2023全国乙卷wasamazed2023全国北京卷hasestablishedhadarrivedwouldthrow2022新高考I卷isdesignedwere2022新高考II卷werefixing;threw2022全国甲卷haswalkedwas-were;become-became2022全国乙卷lives-live;去掉have后beenaddressed2022北京卷has;hasincreased2021新高考I卷was2021新高考II卷was2021全国甲卷are改为iswasbuilt;hired2021全国乙卷删去are2021北京卷connects2020全国I卷means;isconstructedtouched2020全国II卷carriesstart改为started2020全国III卷had改成havepointed(would)bechosen2020新高考卷arecalled;isformed2019全国I卷hasreported；are2019全国II卷havemadedeclared2019全国III卷required改为requiresrecommended；wereinvited2019北京卷voiced考点清单九、一般将来时五种表达方法要点精讲1：will/shalldo表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，是最常见的一般将来时表达形式。注意willdo还可以表示不以人的意志为转移的自然规律；表示临时性决定或打算，还可以用于“祈使句+and+陈述句”中。例1：Ishallbefreethisafternoon.例2：Mysisterwillbe18nextyear.例3：—Georgephonedwhileyouwereout.—Ok.Iwillphonehimback.例4：Workhardandyouwillsucceed.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I__________(call)himlater.2.SearchthewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyou___________(learn)alotaboutfirefighting3.Asyougothroughthisbook,you________(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarIIhadadifferentexperience.4.(2016江苏)Moreefforts,asreported,___________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.要点精讲2：begoingtodo也是一般将来时表达方式，表示推测时强调说话有充分依据，尤指天气变化。例1：Areyougoingtoplaybasketballafterclass?例2：Lookatthoseblackclouds.Itisgoingtorain.【即时训练】单句改错。5.Takeanumbrellawithyou.Lookattheblackcloud,itistorain.要点精讲3：“beaboutto+动词原形”表示打算或据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。例：TheEnglisheveningisabouttostart.要点精讲4：“beto+动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务要求要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。例1：Thereistobeaslideshowthisafternoon.例2：Youaretohandinyourpapersby10o'clock.要点精讲5：现在进行时表将来，这一结构常用于表示位置转移的动词，如come,go,leave,start,move,arrive等。例1：IamleavingforTibetonSunday.例2：Whenareyougoingbacktoyourfactory?【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。6.Itissaidthatsheis___________(marry)nextmonth.7.Thepresidentis___________(visit)Chinanextweek.考点清单十、一般将来进行时典型用法要点精讲：将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有bythistimetomorrow等等。例1：Bythistimetomorrow,Iwillbelyingonthebeach.例2：Don'tphonemebetween8:00and10:00.Wewillbehavingclassesthen.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe_________(teach)aclassatthattime.2.You'dbetternotphonethemanagerbetween7and8tomorrowevening;he________(have)animportantmeetingthen.考点清单十一、将来完成时两种典型用法要点精讲1：一般将来完成时（willhavedone）表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作，通常与before或by,bytheendof,bythetime…等结构连用。例1：Bytheendofthismonth,wewillhavestudied10units.例2：Whentheymoveherenextmonth,wewillhavelivedinthecityfor5years.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Onthenextbirthday,Ann_____________(marry)fortwentyyears.1.---IhearthatJasonisplanningtobuyacar.---Iknow.Bynextmonth,he__________(save)enoughforausedone.要点精讲2：过去将来完成时（wouldhavedone）表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，多与宾语从句和虚拟语气连用。例1：IthoughtSophiawouldhavetoldyousomething.例2：Ifwehadfoundhimearlierwewouldhavesavedhislife.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。3.(2019江苏)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.4.Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl____________(lose)herlife.5.We_____________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.考点清单十二、被动语态两种典型用法要点精讲1：“be+及物动词的过去分词”是被动语态最基本形式，动词时态的变化主要从be动词的变化来体现。被动语态的行为发出者常由介词by引导，应特别注意这一显性标志，有时by短语可以省略。被动语态还可以用于“情态动词+be+过去分词”结构。例1：Hasthedoctorbeensentfor?例2：Apolicemanisknownbytheclotheshewears.

例3：Goodcaremustbetakenofthebabiesparticularlywhiletheyareill.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2017全国Ⅰ)Whenfatandsalt_____________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.2.(2016北京)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts_____________(reward)withsuccessintheend.3.Badcustomsandlawsoughtto____________(abandon),sincetheyareinappropriateforthedevelopmentofthesociety.4.Largequantitiesofinformation,aswellastimelyhelp_____________(offer)tousoverthepast2years.要点精讲2：被动语态还可用“get+过去分词”结构，这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。例1：Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.例2：AsIpassedby,myskirtgotcaughtonanail.

【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。5.Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilIget___________(pay)onFriday.

6.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwouldn’thavetimeto

get

____________(change)beforetheparty.考点清单十三、主动形式表示被动意义五种典型用法要点精讲1：“系动词+表语”结构中系动词主动形式表示被动意义。这些系动词分三类：①感官类系动词：look,seem,appear,feel,sound,taste,smell②变化类系动词：become,turn,come,go,fall,get③保持证明类系动词：stay,keep,be,remain,prove,turnout例1：Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.例2：Hisdreamofbeingadancerhascometrue.例3：Whathesaidprovedtobecorrectintheend.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Theflowers_________(smell)sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.2.Thewater__________(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.3.Withmanytroubleproblems,suchasunemploymentandcrime____________(remain)tobesolved,themayorseemstobeataloss.要点精讲2：write,read,sell,wear,wash,open,shut等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性，多用于“动词+副词”结构，常用主动形式表被动意义。例1：Mypenwritessmoothly.例2：Theplayreadsmoreeasilythanacts.

【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。3.---Whydidyoumakethekiteofclothinsteadofpaper?---Becausepaper________(tear)easily.4.---Whatdoyouthinkofmycomposition?---It__________(read)wellexceptforafewspellingmistakes.5.---WhatdoyouthinkofmynewT-shirt?---Iamsureit__________(wear)verywellandkeepsitsshape.要点精讲3：某些不及物动词(短语)，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用主动形式。如happen发生,occur突然想到,exist存在，comeout出版,comeintobeing产生,comeabout发生,breakout爆发,belongto属于,datefrom=datebackto追溯到,arisefrom由……引起,runout用光等，payoff努力得到回报。例1：Whendidtheaccidentoccur?例2：Thebooklyingonthetopoftheshelfbelongstome.例3：Thisyear'seventwilltakeplaceonJune19th,aweekearlierthanusual.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。6.ThisproverbisbasedonanoldEnglishlaw____________(date)backtothe17thcentury.7.ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture___________(belong)tothewell-educated.8.Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeaths____________(arise)fromthoseaccidentshasincreasedoverthepastyear.9.Nowit__________(occur)tohimthathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.要点精讲4：measure,weigh表示“测量起来，称重起来”，后接短语主动表被动；beworthdoing,want/need/requiredoing中动名词主动表被动；betoblame表示“该受到责备”也是主动表被动。例1：Thisnoveliswellworthreading.例2：Thepondmeasuresabout2metresacross.例3：Theclassroombadlyrequirescleaning.例4：Which

driver

was

to

blame

for

the

accident?

【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。10.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed___________(repair). 11.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone__________(blame).12.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand___________(weigh)lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.要点精讲5：在“be+形容词+不定式短语”结构中，不定式主动形式表被动意义。例1：Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.例2：Thebabyisnoteasytolookafter.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。13.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant__________(deal)with.14.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_________(breathe).15.Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier__________(break)intosmallpieces.分层训练（一）高考真题【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2024全国甲卷)Whatshould_________(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.2.(2023全国甲卷)Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill_________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.3.(2022新高考I)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP______________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity…4.(2022浙江1月)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane_________(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.5.(2021全国甲)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It______________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.6.(2020全国I)“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit_________(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon_________(construct).”7.(2020天津)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand_________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.8.(2020全国III)Theartistwassurehewould______________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.9.(2020北京)Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey___________(throw)away.10.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey____________(accomplish)thetaskinhalfthetime.分层训练（二）模拟训练【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Don'tcallmeatninetomorrowbecauseI______________(study)atthelibrarythen.2.And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood______________(need).3.Theteachersaid,“Jerry,Ihopeyou______________(be)morecarefulnexttime.”4.MytrainarrivesinShanghaiat10thismorning.TheplaneIwouldliketotakefromthere___________(leave)bythen.5.Breakfast______________(serve)between7:00and8:00tomorrowmorning,we'dbettergetupearly.6.Yourpassport______________(return)toyouwhenyoucheckoutofyourhotel.7.Researchfindingshaveshownthatabout20percentofpeoplecan_____________(classify)as“nightowls.”8.Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan____________(carry)outinthefollowingtwoyears.9.—DidyouinviteSarahtoyourbirthdayparty?—Sorry,Iforget.I_____________(call)hernow.10.Don'tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow______________(repay)laterinlife.分层训练（三）动词时态语态助力应用文写作升格1.(2024九省联考卷)根据安排，这部电影将于本周五下午2点至3点在学校礼堂放映。___________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2024九省联考卷)我们衷心希望热心观鸟爱好者为这项运动作出贡献。___________________________________________________________________________________________3.(2024九省联考卷)在我们的共同努力下，我们周围的环境将焕然一新。欢迎任何人加入我们！___________________________________________________________________________________________4.(2022全国乙)很容易看出，选择听英语歌曲和看英语电影的学生比例是65%和50%。___________________________________________________________________________________________5.(2022全国乙)因为他们缺乏自律，特忙更容易对网上聊天和电脑游戏上瘾。___________________________________________________________________________________________6.(2022全国甲)2009年联合国把6月8日正式命名为“世界海洋日”，设立的目的是提高保护海洋的意识，这在全球生态系统中起重要作用。___________________________________________________________________________________________7.(2021全国乙)首先，我们在家最好遵循学校时间表，这肯定会促进我们学习效率。___________________________________________________________________________________________8.(2021全国乙)我很荣幸在此演讲。我将谈的是如何成为智慧的网上学习者。___________________________________________________________________________________________9.(2021全国乙)我完全相信借助于这些技巧我们就会成为智慧的网上学习者。___________________________________________________________________________________________10.(2021新高考I)我希望你们《青年》这份报纸更加深受我们学生欢迎。___________________________________________________________________________________________分层训练（四）动词时态语态助力读后续写升格1.(2024新课标I卷)我解释道：“如果我错过了去布拉格的最后一班公交车，我会迟到的，这是非常重要的，我不能错过！”。_______________________________________________________________________________________2.(2023新课标I卷)当我被邀请上台领奖时，我对我的老师表示感谢。_______________________________________________________________________________________3.(2023新课标I卷)当我的名字被宣布时，我在热烈的欢呼和雷鸣般的掌声中登上了舞台。_______________________________________________________________________________________4.(2023新课标I卷)有人叫我去参加写作比赛的颁奖典礼，我惊讶得目瞪口呆。_______________________________________________________________________________________5.(2023新课标I卷)他走上前，拍了拍我的肩膀，轻声说：“有志者事竟成。”_______________________________________________________________________________________6.(2023新课标I卷)我被这个消息惊呆了，当同学们胜利地举起手时，我激动得哽咽了。_______________________________________________________________________________________7.(2023新课标I卷)就在那一刻，我对老师感激不尽。_______________________________________________________________________________________8.(2023浙江1月卷)我把车停在农场外，直奔挤奶房，希望破碎的窗户已经修好。_______________________________________________________________________________________9.(2023浙江1月卷)当我走近房子时，一种好奇驱使着我，想知道小鸟是否还在身边。_______________________________________________________________________________________10.(2023浙江1月卷)这个故事告诉我们，小小的善举可以产生很大的影响，可以被生物所感激。_______________________________________________________________________________________分层训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）Childrenwithautismgetchancetoflourish赵新玲：用爱守护“星星的孩子”ZhaoXinlinglikestotellherson,whomshe1(affectionate)callsHaoHao,oneparticularstory.Atbedtime,alittlehareasksabigharetog