2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4NaturalDisasters课时作业三DiscoveringUsefulStructuresGrammar含解析新人教版必修第一册

PAGE1-Unit4NaturalDisasters课时作业(三)DiscoveringUsefulStructures(Grammar)必备学问基础练进阶训练第一层Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Theelectricity________(供应)hadbeencutoff.2．Thevolcanocould________(爆发)atanytime.3．Itcausedbigfires,storms,acidrain,andevenearthquakesand________(火山)eruptions.4．Manybuildingsweredamagedbythe________(飓风)andalotofpeoplebecamehomeless.5．To________(生存)intheforest,animalsmustclimbfromtreetotree.6．The________(台风)hitthecoastalareas.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Thisisthehospital________wevisitedyesterday.2．Heistheboy________fatherisateacher.3．Aplaneisamachine________canfly.4．Theman________iswalkingontheplaygroundismyoldfriend.5．Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouse________roofisunderrepair.6．Theytalkedabouttheirclassmatesandthings________theystillrememberedinmiddleschool.7．Shesaidshewoulddoanything________couldhelphermotherrecoverfromthedisease.8．Anyone________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.9．Theman________youmetyesterdayismyfather'sschoolmate.10．Thefirstthing________hedidafterarrivinghomewasdoinghishomework.Ⅲ.把下列句子改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句1．Theboysaremyfriends.Theboysareplayingfootball.________________________________________________2．ThepersonisMr.Ball.Youshouldaskhimaboutthematter.________________________________________________3．Ihaveeverseenthefilmanditisthemostinterestingfilm.________________________________________________4．Thestudent'sarticlewaspublished.Iknowthestudent.________________________________________________5．Thefishisn'tfresh.Weboughtthefishyesterday.________________________________________________关键实力综合练进阶训练其次层Ⅰ.阅读AEarthquakeshappenwithoutwarning(前兆).Theycanhappenatanytimeofaday,atanypointduringtheyear.Butdon'tworrybecausemostaresoweakthattheycannotbefelt.Onlyafewbigoneshurtpeople.However,it'simportanttoknowwhattodowhenanearthquakeishappening.Donotgooutside.Youcouldgetinjuredfromfallingglassorpartsofbuildings.Ifyouareoutside,stayawayfrombuildingsandpowerlines(输电线)．Stayunderadesk,table,orotherstrongfurniture.Holdontoit.Orstayinacornerofthebuilding.Coveryourfaceandheadwithyourarmsandcoveryourmouthwithatowelorclothing.Stayinsideuntilshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.Keepawayfromwindows,picturesoradvertisementsonthewallorthebuildings,andanythingelsethatcouldfallandhurtyou.Mostpeoplegetinjuredbyfallingthingsduringanearthquake,notbytheshakingitself.Alsokeepawayfromafire.Youcouldfalldownandburnyourselfinthefire.Ifyouaredrivingwhenanearthquakehappens,stopthecarifit'ssafe.Stayinsideyourcaruntiltheearthquakestops,anddon'tdrivenearbridges.Trynottostopbypowerlinesortrees.Thesecouldfallandhurtyou.1．Mostearthquakesaretoo________tohurtpeople.A．strongB．weakC．dangerousD．heavy2．Fromthepassage,whenanearthquakeishappening,weshould________.A．stayunderabigbuildingB．stayunderastrongfurnitureC．standbywindowsD．drivenearabigbridge3．Itisn'tsafeforyouto________whiletheearthquakeishappening.A．runoutofthebuildingB．stayinacornerofthebuildingC．coveryourheadwithyourarmsD．coveryourmouthwithatowel4．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howdangeroustheearthquakeis.B．Howtobesafeinanearthquake.C．Weshouldn'tbeafraidoftheearthquake.D．Howtheearthquakecomesintobeing.BAnearthquakehappenswhentwoplatesrubtogether.Theearthplatestravelindifferentdirectionsandatdifferentspeeds.Ifoneplateisslowlyforcedunderneaththeother,pressure(压力)buildsupuntiltheplatesbreakapart.Thisprocess(过程)causesthegroundtomove.Itisanearthquake.Inotherwords,earthquakesaretheshakingoftheearth'ssurfacecausedbytheearth'srockyouterlayerasaresultoftheenergystoredwithintheearth.Thestrainwithintherocksissuddenlyreleased(释放)．Thedamageanearthquakecausesdependsonwhereitisandthetimeitishappening.Ifanunpopulatedregionisstruck,therewillbelowlossoflifeorproperty(财产).Ifithitsalargecity,theremaybemanyinjuriesandmuchdestruction.Manyoftheareasatriskarelargelypopulatednow.Majorearthquakeshittingthoseareastodaycouldproduceterribledamage.Actually,thereareseveralmillionsmallearthquakeseveryyear.Largeearthquakes,suchasthe1964Alaskanquakethatmeasured8.4ontheRichterscale,causemillionsofdollarsindamage.Inthelast500years,millionsofpeoplehavebeenkilledbyearthquakesaroundtheworld—including240,000inthe1976TangshanearthquakeinChina.A60－secondorlessearthquakecancausedevastationthatcontinuesforyearsafterthefirsttremor.In1972,aseriesofsevereearthquakesstruckManagua,Theshakingoftheearthissometimesnotthegreatestdisaster.Itisintheensuingfiresandfloodsthatoftenthegreatestdamageoccurs.Inthe1906earthquake,itwasthefirescausedafteritthatdidthemajorityofthedamage.Anearthquakecanalsodestroydamshighaboveacityorvalleys,causingfloodstosweepdownandsweepawayeverythingintheirpath.5．Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A．Anearthquakecomesfromtheinsideoftheearth.B．Theearthhasgreatenergyinstorage.C．Howtheearthplatesmove.D．Howanearthquakehappens.6．Whichofthefollowingismentionedtoshowthatanearthquakecankilltoomanypeople?A．The1964Alaskanquake.B．The1976Tangshanearthquake.C．The1972Managuaearthquake.D．The1906earthquake.7．Theunderlinedwork“ensuing”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．causingtoomuchheatandgreatdamageB．causingmanyinjuriesandmuchdestructionC．happeningasaresultofanothereventD．happeningsuddenlyandunexpectedly8．BygivingtheexampleinParagraph4,theauthorwantstoshowthat________.A．anearthquakedoesn'tlastlongB．thedamagecanlastlongC．peopleinManaguasufferedtoomuchD．NicaraguaisstillapoorcountryCAyoungcoupledecidedtogetmarried.Asthebigdaydrewnearerandnearer,theybothgrewnervousbecauseeachofthemhadaproblem.Thebridegroomdecidedtoaskhisfatherforadvice.“Dad，”hesaid,“IloveLilyverymuch,butIhaveverysmellyfeet,soI'mafraidthatshewillnotputupwiththem.”Hisfathersaid,“Allyouhavetodoiswashyourfeetasoftenaspossible,andyoushouldalwayswearsocks,evenwhenyougotobed.”Well,itseemedaworkablesolution,theyoungmanthought.Theyoungwomanturnedtohermother.“Mom，”shesaid,“MymorningbreathissobadthatI'mafraidmynewhusbandwillnotwanttoliveinthesameroomwithme.Ilovehim.Ican'tlivewithouthim.”Hermothersaid,“Inthemorning,getstraightoutofbedwhenyouwakeup,andheadforthebathroomandbrushyourteeth.Don'tsayanywordbeforeyoubrushyourteeth.”Theyoungwomanfollowedhermother'sadvice.Theywerefinallymarriedinawonderfulceremony.Notforgettingtheadviceeachhadreceived,theycarefullyspenteveryday.Thehusbandworehissockseverynightandthewifekepthermorningssilent;theydidquitewelluntilaboutamonthlater.Justbeforedawn,thehusbandwokeonlytofindthatoneofhissockswasgone!Thinkingoftheterribleresult,hefeltfrightenedatonce.Hejumpedupandbegantosearchthebedforhissockinahurry.Ofcourse,thismadethewifewoken.Withoutthinking,thewifeasked,“Whatonearthareyoudoing？”Thehusbandstoppedinsurprise,andthenhecried,“Oh,no!Youmusthaveswallowedmysock！”9．Whattroubledtheyoungmanbeforehegotmarried?A．Hisfeethadanunpleasantsmell.B．Hewasunpreparedforthebigday.C．Hewastoopoortomarrythegirl.D．Hishabitwastoobadtobeknown.10．Whydidthehusbandfeelfrightened?A．Becauseheforgottowearthesocks.B．Becausehissocksweremissing.C．Becausehiswifemightfindthetruth.D．Becauseitwoulddisappointhisfather.11．Thehusbandsaidthelastsentenceofthepassagebecause________.A．hiswifewasveryhungryinthemorningB．hiswifeoftendreamedofeatingthingsC．hewantedtohavehiswifebuynewsocksD．hefoundhiswife'sbreathverysmelly12．Whatwouldhappennextmostprobably?A．Thewifewouldleavethehusbandsoon.B．Thecouplewouldtelleachotherthetruth.C．Thehusbandwouldbuyanewpairofsocks.D．Thecouple'sparentswouldhelpfindthesock.Ⅱ.七选五Wouldyouknowwhattodoifafirestartedinyourhome?Takethetimenowtoreviewthefollowingsafetytips,andyourfamilywillbepreparedintimeofafireinyourhome：__1__Anescapeplancanhelpeverymemberofafamilygetoutofaburninghouse.Theideaistogetoutsidequicklyandsafely.__2__Soitisimportanttolearnandrememberthedifferentwaysoutofyourhome.StaylowIfyoucanseesmokeinthehouse,staylowtothegroundasyoumakeyourwaytotheexit.__3__Youwillbreathelesssmokeifyoustaytotheground.Smokenaturallyrises,soifthereissmokewhileyouareusingyourescaperoute,stayinglowmeansyoucancrawl(爬)undermostofit.Whatifyoucan'tgetoutrightaway?Ifyoucan'tgetoutfastbecausefireorsmokeisstoppinganescaperoute,youwillwanttoyellforhelp.Youcandothisfromanopenwindoworcall911ifyouhaveaphonewithyou.__4__Then,firefighterswillhaveahardtimefindingyou.Thesoonertheyfindyou,thesooneryoubothcangetout.Ifyourclothescatchfire,whatshouldyoudo?Yourclothescouldcatchfireduringafireorbyaccidentifyousteptooclosetoacandle.Ifthishappens,don'trun!Instead,stop,droptotheground,coveryourfacewithyourhands,androll.Thiswillcutofftheairandputouttheflames.__5__A．KnowyourwayoutB．Preventingfiresisinthefirstplace!C．Aneasywaytorememberthisis:Stop,Drop,andRoll!D．Smokefromafirecanmakeithardtoseewherethingsare.E．Theywillhelpprepareyouforwhatyouneedtodoincaseofafire.F．Evenifyouarescared,neverhideunderthebedorinacloset.G．Inafire,smokeandpoisonous(有毒的)airhurtmorepeoplethantheactualflames(火焰)do.Ⅲ.语法填空Everyboyandeverygirlexpectstheirparents1.________(give)themmorepocketmoney.Whydotheirparentsjustgivethemacertainamount?Onemainpurposeistoletkids2.________(learn)howtomanagetheirownmoney.Theamountofmoney3.________parentsgivetotheirchildrentospendastheywish4.________(differ)fromfamilytofamily.Childrenareexpectedtomakea5.________(choose)betweenspendingandsaving.Atfirst,someyoungchildrenmayspendallofthemoneysoonaftertheyreceiveit.Parents6.________(advise)nottooffermoremoneyuntilitistherighttime.Bydoingso,thesechildrenwilllearnthat7.________(spend)mustbedonewithabudget.Pocketmoneycangivechildren8.________chancetoexperiencethreethingstheycandowiththemoney.Theycanspenditbygivingittoagoodcause.Theycanspenditbybuyingthingstheywant.Theycansaveit9.________futureuse.Saving10.________(help)childrenunderstandthatcostlygoalsrequiresacrifice.Savingcanalsoopenthedoortofuturesavingandinvestingforchildren.课时作业(三)DiscoveringUsefulStructures(Grammar)必备学问基础练Ⅰ.单词拼法1．supply2.erupt3.volcano4.hurricane5.surrive6.typhoonⅡ.单句语法填空1．that/which2.whose3.that/which4.who/that5.whose6．that7.that8.who9.whom/who/that10.thatⅢ.把下列句子改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句1．Theboyswho/thatareplayingfootballaremyfriends.2．Theperson(who/whom/that)youshouldaskaboutthematterisMr.Ball.3．Itisthemostinterestingfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.4．Iknowthestudentwhosearticlewaspublished.5．Thefish(that/which)weboughtyesterdayisn'tfresh.关键实力综合练Ⅰ.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对如何在地震中幸存下来和爱护好自己的讲解，提高我们的平安防范意识。1．答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。依据第一段第三句“Butdon'tworrybecausemostaresoweakthattheycannotbefelt.”可知大多数地震都很“微弱”。故选B。2．答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“Stayunderadesk,table,orotherstrongfurniture.”可知地震发生时我们应当躲在书桌、餐桌或其他坚硬的家具下面。故选B。3．答案与解析：A细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句“Donotgooutside.Youcouldgetinjuredfromfallingglassorpartsofbuildings.”以及第三段最终一句“Stayinsideuntilshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.”可知地震期间不要出去会更平安一些。故选A。4．答案与解析：B主旨大意题。依据第一段最终一句“However,it'simportanttoknowwhattodowhenanearthquakeishappening.”以及下文每一段的首句可知本文讲的是地震来临的时候如何爱护自己。故选B。B【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了地震发生的缘由并结合实例说明不同程度的地震所带来的影响是不一样的。5．答案与解析：D主旨大意题。由第一段内容可知，本段主要讲解并描述了地震是如何发生的：地球板块的相互碰撞导致压力不断聚集，直至板块的裂开，这个过程会引起地面的移动，地震也随之而发生，故D项正确。6．答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。四个选项中只有1976年唐山大地震提到了死亡的详细人数，而其他三处地震均未涉及死亡人数的问题，故B项正确。7．答案与解析：C词义揣测题。由下文对1906年地震的描述可知，火灾是地震发生后引起的，由此可以推断ensuing表示“随之而发生的”，故C项正确。8．答案与解析：B写作意图题。本段第一句是主旨句。1972年地震发生，而15年后，该城的状况仍和当年地震发生一周后一样，表明地震带来的危害可能会持续很长时间。C【语篇解读】本文是一则幽默故事，主要讲一对新婚夫妇在婚前向对方隐瞒了自己的毛病，婚后一个月内他们俩掩饰得都很好，但最终有一天出现状况。他们彼此深爱对方，所以在这之后最有可能发生的是彼此坦白，说明真相，最终相互谅解。9．答案与解析：A细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Ihaveverysmellyfeet,soI'mafraid