2024-2025学年高中英语Module3TheViolenceofNatureSectionⅢGrammar课时作业含解析外研版必修3

Module3TheViolenceofNature课时作业9SectionⅢGrammar单句语法填空(过去完成时的被动语态与间接引语)1．BythetimeIgottotheschool,thefirstclass________(finish)．2．Allthepreparationforthetask________(complete),andwewenthomehappily.3．Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnthatfour­fifthsofthetickets________(book)．4．Bytheendoflastyear,agreatmanycars________(make)inthisfactory.5．Itwasthethirdtimemycar________(repair)inthisgarage.6．Bythetimehegraduatedfromcollege,afreeway________(build)nearhisvillage.7．Inyesterday'snewspaper,itwasreportedthatgreatdamage________(do)bytheflood.8．—Howwasyourweekend,Rose?—Awful!ThiswasthefirsttimeI________(leave)aloneathome,boredtodeath.9．BythetimeIgottoschool,thewholeclassroom________(decorate)withcolorfullights.10．Bythetimehegothome,thelunch________(cook)．11．HeaskedifI________(finish)writingtheletter.12．Ourphysicsteachertoldusthatlight________(travel)fasterthansound.13．MrGreenaskedLily________shehadwrittentoherfathertheday________.14．SheaskedmewhetherI________(see)afilmlikethatbefore.15．TomaskedmeifI________(be)totheGreatWallbefore.答案与解析1．hadbeenfinished解析：当gottotheschool这一动作发生时，finish这一动作已经完成，且finish和thefirstclass为动宾关系。2．hadbeencompleted解析：allthepreparationforthetask与complete之间为动宾关系，且在wenthome这一动作发生时，complete这一动作已经完成。3．hadbeenbooked解析：book动作发生在entered之前，故用过去完成时的被动语态形式。4．hadbeenmade解析：by与过去的时间连用作状语，句子采纳过去完成时，agreatmanycars与make之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。5．hadbeenrepaired解析：Itwasthethirdtime...从句中用过去完成时，mycar与repair之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态形式。6．hadbeenbuilt解析：bythetime＋过去的时间作状语，句子采纳过去完成时。7．hadbeendone解析：空白处动作发生在wasreported之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时，damage与do之间为被动关系。8．hadbeenleft解析：I与leave之间为被动关系，且已发生，故用被动语态形式。thiswasthefirsttime...从句中用过去完成时。9．hadbeendecorated解析：bythetime＋过去的时间，主句用过去完成时，thewholeclassroom与decorate之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态形式。10．hadbeencooked解析：表示过去的过去用过去完成时。11．hadfinished解析：表示过去之前的事用过去完成时。12．travels解析：“光比声音传播地快”是客观真理，故变为间接引语时，时态不变。13．whether/if;before解析：间接引语中主句的谓语动词是asked时，宾语从句用if或whether引导，且在间接引语中，应将yesterday改为thedaybefore。14．hadseen解析：表示过去之前的事用过去完成时。15．hadbeen解析：主句用一般过去时，宾语从句采纳过去的某一时态；havebeento去过(某地)。Ⅰ.阅读理解Zerogravitylookscool.Butwhataboutthethingnoonelikestotalkabout?Yes,thatisright:goingtothebathroom.Zerogravitymakesthiseverydaytaskquiteachallenge.Astronautshavetobetoilet­trainedalloveragain.TheApolloastronautsraisedthemselvesofftheseatoftheirchairsandstuckaclearplasticbagtotheirbacksideswithstickystrips.Asecondastronautwatchedcloselytobesurenowastematterescapedtheseal.(Youwouldnotwantthatstufffloatingaroundthecabin！)Whenthedeedwasdone,theastronautcleanedupwithapieceofplasticattachedtotheinsideofthebag,removedthebag,droppedadisinfectant(消毒剂)pillinwiththewastematter,andputthewholething,sealed,intoaspecialcontainer.DonaldW．Rethke,anengineerforHamiltonStandardSpaceSystems,developedamoreprivatewaytoanswernature'scall:thespacetoilet.Itissomewhatlikethekindoftoiletonewouldfindoncommercialairplanes—withuniqueadaptationsforzerogravity,ofcourse.Forinstance,ithasthighbarsthatkeeptheastronautfromfloatingofftheseat.Theastronaut(maleorfemale)defecates(排便)inabagandurinates(排尿)inahose.Solidandliquidwastesarekeptseparatedbecauseatleast85%oftheurineisrecycledand,yes,aftercarefulfiltration(过滤),usedfordrinkingandotherpurposes.(Waterisalwaysindemandinspace.)Avacuumfacilitysucksthewastematerialsintothetoilet,wherethewasteiscompactedintohamburger­likepattiesforeasystorage.Althoughnotexactlylikeanearthboundvisittothetoilet,itisattheveryleastmuchmoreprivatethanintheearlydaysofspacetravel.1．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,thelackofthegravitycanturnsomethingassimpleas________intoamajorchallenge.A．eating B．takingbathsC．sleeping D．goingtotherestroom2．HowdidastronautsusetoiletsystemsintheApollodays?A．Noneofthewasteswereseparatedastheyarenow.B．Solidwasteswerecompressed(压缩)andstoredonboard.C．Thetoiletunitsusedwatertoremovethewastesthroughthesystem.D．Theastronautseachusedtheirownprivaterestroom.3．Toensuretheuserremainsseated,thetoiletwasequippedwith________.A．aplasticbag B．astickystripC．awidehose D．thighbars4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatmostoftheastronauts'urineisrecycled?A．Therecycledwatertastesbetter.B．Waterislimitedonthespaceshuttle.C．Itisveryconvenienttogettheirurinerecycled.D．Spacescienceincludesrecyclingurine.答案与解析本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在空间站是怎样上卫生间的。1．D细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段中的“Yes,thatisright:goingtothebathroom.Zerogravitymakesthiseverydaytaskquiteachallenge.”可知，在没有重力的状况下，去厕所都是一种挑战。故选D。2．A推理推断题。依据文章其次段中的“...putthewholething,sealed,intoaspecialcontainer.”可知，当时宇航员排出的全部废物都会被密封，放在一个特别的容器里。由此推知，那个时候大小便是不分的，而现在是分开的，小便被循环利用。故选A。3．D细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段中的“...ithasthighbarsthatkeeptheastronautfromfloatingofftheseat.”可知，厕所安装了thighbars，故选D。4．B推理推断题。依据文章最终一段中的“...becauseatleast85%oftheurineisrecycledand,yes,aftercarefulfiltration(过滤),usedfordrinkingandotherpurposes.(Waterisalwaysindemandinspace.)”可知，至少85%的尿液被循环利用，经过细致过滤之后，被用来饮用和其他用途(在太空水总是须要的)。由此推知，在航天飞机上水是有限的。故选B。Ⅱ.阅读填句Asweallknow,friendshipisofgreatimportanceinourdailylife.Afriendcangiveushelpandshareourdifficultiesandhappiness.Buthowtomakefriendsisstilldifficulttosomeofus.__1__1．Befriendlytoothers.__2__Youshouldtrytomakeastrangerfeelathomewhereverhehappenstobe.Thinkmoreofothersthanofyourselfandneverjudgeapersonbyhisappearanceandclothes.2．Bereliable.Ifyouandyourfriendagreetomeetsomewhere,don'tbelate.Ifyou'renotgoingtomakeitontimeormakeitatall,callhimassoonasyourealizeit.__3__Besomeonethatpeopleknowtheycandependon.3．__4__Listencarefullytowhatpeoplesay,rememberimportantdetailsaboutthem(theirnames,theirlikesanddislikes),askquestionsabouttheirinterests,andjustspendthetimeinlearningmoreaboutthem.4．Encourageyourfriends.Atruefriendalwaysgivescouragetohisfriends.__5__Nevermakefunoforlaughatyourfriendsinfrontofothers.Youshouldcometosupportthem.A．Beagoodlistener.B．Whenyousayyou'lldosomething,doit.C．Afriendtoallisafriendtonone.D．Thefollowinginformationcangiveyousometips.E．Andneverleaveyourfriendwhenheisintrouble.F．Smileatothersandyouaresuretogetasmileinreturn.G．Hewillremainwiththeminbothgoodandbadtimes.答案1—5DFBAGⅢ.语法填空Asweallknow,gettingkidsinvolvedinthekitchenisagreatwaytogettheminterestedineatingfoodthat'sfreshandgoodforthem.Getthemeatinghealthyfoodbecauseiftheyenjoyitfirstlateronthey__1__(continue)withthehabitforlife.WhenIwasakid,therewereacoupleofyears__2__mybrotherandIwereincharge__3__Sundaylunchesforourfamilyofsix.Wewouldtake__4__(turn)increatingthemainmealanddessertandlovedit.WhatIgainedfromtheexperiencewasan__5__(appreciate)ofwhatgoestocreatetastyhealthymealsfrom.Itwasalotoffungoingthroughrecipebooksand__6__(decide)whattocreateeachweek.Allyouneedisabigblankpagescrapbook(剪贴簿),scissors,glueandpencils.Afteryourkidshavetriedoutanicerecipethatthey'dlike__7__(create)again,justtypeitup,printitoutorphotocopy(影印)itandglueintothescrapbookorelsesimplywrite__8__indirectly.Youngerkidswilllovedrawingandcolouringthedishonthepagefacingtherecipe,justlike__9__realrecipebook.Beforelongyou'llhavea__10__(person)collectionofdishesthatyourkidswilllovetomakeandeat.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________答案与解析让孩子进厨房，不仅能培育孩子的创建力还能让他们喜爱吃簇新并且有益的东西。1．willcontinue考查时态。此处谈论的是将来的状况，因此应当用一般将来时。2．when考查定语从句。先行词是acoupleofyears，从句缺少时间状语，因此填when引导定语从句。3．of考查介词。inchargeof掌管，负责。4．turns考查名词。taketurnsindoingsth.轮番做某事。5．appreciation考查词性转换。依据空前的不定冠词an可知，此处须要一个单数可数名词。appreciate的名词是appreciation。6．deciding考查非谓语动词。所填词与and前的goingthrough是并列的，因此应当用动词的­ing形式。假如没有整理清晰句子成分，没有关注and的作用，则很简单受其他动词的干扰而误写成decided。7．tocreate考查非谓语动词。wouldliketodosth.情愿做某事。8．it考查代词。依据空前面连续出现的三个代词it可知，此处应当填it。9．a考查冠词。此处泛指“一本真正的食谱”，故用a。10．personal考查词性转换。所填词介于不定冠词和名词之间，因此应当是形容词。personal“个人的”。Ⅳ.概要写作阅读下面短文，依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Collegesareattachingtoomuchimportancetotests.StudentswhoreceivehigherscoresontheSATandtheACTareconsideredtobemoreintelligentandasaresulttheyareusuallyadmittedtobetterschools.However,thesetestsdon'tnecessarilyensureone'sfuturesuccessinlife.Tobecomebettertest­takersthanothers,somestudentswouldliketohavemorepreparations.SeveralSATandACTprep­classesareofferedbyvariouscompaniesandindividualtutors,givingrichstudentsabetterchancetoimprovetheirscores.Somestudentseventakemedicinebeforetheirtest.Althoughitisnotprovedthattakingthesedrugswillincreaseastudent'sscore,thenatureofthedrugistoincreasealertness(灵敏),concentration,andmentalprocessingspeed.Inaddition,thesetestscan'tshowsomeoftheskillsandcharactersthatareakeyparttosuccess.AccordingtoBobSchaefferoftheNationalCenterforFairandOpenTesting,creativity,perseveranceandself­discipline(自律)arejustafewbasicqualitiesthatareusefulintheprofessionalworldthataren'tmeasuredbythesetests.Ahightestscoretellsyounothingabouthowastudentwillhandlethefuturelifeorhowwelltheywilladapttotheirsurroundings.Whatcollegescandoisweighthestudents'academictrack,