Unit+3+Sports+and+Fitness+单元测评 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。短文一Areyoulookingforsomethingtodo?Youmightliketotryoneofthesefourexperiences.CrocodilewatchingDoyoufancygettingupclosetosomeofthemostterrifyinganimalsonearth?CrocosaurusCove,inDarwin(Australia)hasthe“CageofDeath".It'sanenclosurethat'sloweredintoapool.Thisgivesyoua360degrees’viewofacrocodileasit'sbeingfed.Thecablebrokeonceandthecagesanktothebottom,butthey'vefixeditsincethen.EdgewalkHowaboutwalkingalongtheedgeofabuildingseveralhundredmetersupintheair?Ifthatsoundslikefun,headofftotheCNTowerinToronto(Ontario,Canada).Builtin1976,thetoweris553.33meterstall.TheEdgewalkconsistsofa20-30-minutestrollalonga1.5-meter-wideplatformthatrunsaroundthetower'srestaurantroof.Duringthewalk,you'reencouragedtoleanforwardsasyoulookoverToronto’sskyline(轮廓线).PlasticballrollingDoyoufancyrollingdownahillinaplasticball?Plasticballrollingispopularallovertheworld,buttheplacetogiveitagoisinRotorua(NewZealand).BrotherDavidandAndrewAkerscameupwiththeideain1994.Atypicalorb(球)isabout3metersindiameter,withaninnerorbsizeofabout2meters.There'snobrakeorsteeringmechanism,buttheinnerlayeroftheplasticballhelpsabsorbtheshock.VolcanobungeejumpingIfyou'relookingfortheadventureofalifetime,howaboutgoingbungeejumpingoffahelicopterintothecraterofalivevolcano?Aspartofthejumping,ahelicopterridetakesyoutotheVillarrealvolcano,oneofthemostactiveinChile.Onceyou'reatthedropzone,youleapoffthehelicopterandfallintothevolcano.Finally,youenjoytheridebacktotheairportflyingat130kph.Attractedbytheabove?Ifso,pleasecontactus.OnlyhalfpricefromMarch22ndtoApril25th.Formoreinformation,pleaseclickhere.1.Accordingtothepassage,therewasanaccidentoncewhenpeople___A.jumpedintotheVillarrealvolcanoB.walkedalongtheplatformoftheCNTowerC.rolleddownahillinaplasticballinRotoruaD,watchedcrocodilesinthe“CageofDeathinDarwinWhichofthefollowingwasfirstinventedinNewZealand?A.Edgewalk.B.CrocodilewatchingC.Plasticballrolling.D.Volcanobungeejumping.3.Itcanbeinferredthatallthefourexperiencesare________A.interestingsportsB.excitingandextremeC.heldonhighplacesD.fitformiddletooldpeople短文二Teenagers’fitnessisnowamajorconcernandphysicalexerciseisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandimprovesfitness.Exercisemakesyourbodystrong,andhelpsyoutokeeptherightbod)weight.SportsscientistDr.HelenLopezoffersthefollowingadvicetoteenagers:“First,youneedtofindoutyourpresentleveloffitness.Thenyoucandesignaprogrammethatwillhelpyoubecomehealthier.Dr.Lopezsuggeststhattherearethreelevelsoffitnessthatneedachangeoflifestyle.“Overweight"meansthatthepersongetsverylittleexerciseandoftenhasaseriousweighproblem.“Inactive”meansthatthepersondoesnotjoininmanyphysicalactivities,butisnotseriouslyoverweight.“Active”referstopeoplewhotakepartinsportsandotherphysicalactivities,butdonothaveahighfitnesslevel.AccordingtoDr.Lopez,overweightteenagersshouldworkouttokeephealthy.“Rideabike,playvolleyballorbasketballforawhile,andgoforatwenty-minutewalkeachday.Allthesewillhelptoburncalories."Inactiveteenagersshoulddosimilaractivities,butaddsomebendingandstretchingexercises,suchaspush-upsandsit-ups,startingwithtwentyofeachaday.“Inactivepeoplecantakealittlemoreexercisethanoverweightpeoplebecausetheirbodiesarestronger,”Dr.Lopezsaid.Thesameruleappliesto适用于)activeteenagers.Dr.Lopezsuggestsonehouraweekormoreonrunningandotherformsofintensiveexercisetogetherwithfifteenminutesadayspentonstretchingandbendingactivities.“Thesearereallyimportantinordertopreventinjuries,"Dr.Lopezsaid.Someweight-trainingandotherbody-strengtheningexercisescouldalsobeplannedintheprogrammeinordertoincreasetheperson'sstrength.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Activepeoplealwayshaveahighfitnesslevel.B.Overweightpeoplealwaystakemoreexercise.C.Inactiveteenagersarenotseriouslyoverweight.D.Keepingfitmeanschangingteenagerslifestyle.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthetext?A.Physicalexercisecanmaketheteenagersgrowtaller.B.Physicalexercisecanhelpteenagersbecomehealthier.C.Physicalexercisecanhelptoburnupcalories.D.Physicalexercisecanincreaseteenagersstrength.6.Whatexerciseshouldpeopledoinordertopreventinjuries?A.Walking.B.Stretchingandbending.C.Riding.D.Weighttraining.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DoingExerciseB.Teenagers’FitnessC.DifferentLifestylesD.OverweightTeenagers短文三Myfirstpieceofadvicetopeoplewhowanttostartgettingfitis:don'tbuyexercisebikes.Peoplewhobuythemusuallyusethemforaweekorsoandthenforgetaboutthem.Thebikesareusefuliftheyareoftenusedbutyouneedtobedetermined.Mostpeoplewillfinditmucheasiertogoforajog(慢跑)aroundthepark.Aswellasbeingeasytodo,joggingisalsoquitecheapcomparedtomostothersports.Youdon'tneedtobuyexpensiveclothesifyou'rejustgoingrunningaroundtheparkoronthebeach.Thereisonething,however,thatyouwillhavetospendmoneyon,andthat'syourrunningshoes.Rememberthatyouarelookingforsomethingthatwillsupportyourfeetandprotectyoufrominjury.Theycanbeexpensive,butiftheyareofgoodquality,theywilllastyoualongtime.Asforjogging,thesecretistostartslowly,andnottodotoomuchatthebeginningandespeciallyifyouhaven'thadanyexerciseforalongtime.Tryamixtureofwalkingandrunningfortenminutesaboutthreetimesaweekatfirst.Onceyouarehappydoingthat,youcanthenstarttoincreasetheamountyoudogradually.Afterafewmonthsyoushouldhopetobeabletorunatareasonablespeedfortwentyminutesthreeorfourtimesaweek.It'simportantthatyoufeelcomfortablewithwhateveryoudo.Ifyoudo,you'llstarttoenjoyitandwillprobablykeepdoingit.Ifitmakesyoufeeluncomfortable,you'llprobablystopafterareturntoyourbadhabits.shorttimeandRememberthattrainingtoohardisnotveryeffective.Researchhasshownthatsomebodywhoexercisestwiceaslongortwiceashardasanotherpersondoesn'tbecometwiceasfit.8.Whatistheauthor'sopinionontheexercisebike?A.ItisunaffordableformostpeopleB.Itiseasytolearnformostpeople.C.Itisahelperformostpeople.D.Itisawasteformostpeople.9.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisveryimportanttoajogger?A.Listeningtoexpertadvice.B.Keepingonjoggingeveryday.C.Havingapairofgoodjoggingshoes.D.Runningfortwentyminuteseachtime.10.WhatdoestheauthormainlyexplaininParagraph3?A.Whyitiseasytogoforajog.B.Whatkindofsportjoggingis.C.Howtogojogginginarightway.D.Whenisthebesttimetogoforajog.11.Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Goodexercisestopsbadhabits.B.Apartnerhelpsalotinexercise.C.Feelinggoodkeepsone'sexercisegoing.D.Themoreyouexercise,thefitteryouwillbe.短文四Whenitcomestomakinghealthylifestylechanges,whichshouldcomefirst,changingyourdietorbecomingmorephysicallyactive?Previousstudiessuggestedthatprovidingpeoplewithtoomuchinformationaboutnutritionandphysicalactivityatoncetends(往往)tobediscouraging.Thathasledtothepopularityofadvisingpeopletomakechangesgradually,andsetsmallergoals.Sothescientistsdivided200inactiveparticipantswhowere45orolderintofourgroups.Onegroupwasinstructedinmakingdietandfitnesschangesatthesametime;thesecondgroupwastaughtaboutdietchangesfirst,andthenfitnesschangesfourmonthslater;thethirdgroupchangedtheirexercisehabitsfirstandmadechangesintheireatinghabitsfourmonthslater;andthefinal,controlgroupwasnotinstructedineitherdietorfitnesschangesbutinhowtomanagetheirstress.Theresearchersfollowedthegroupsforafullyear.Comparedtothecontrolgroup,thethreeintervention(千预)groupsmadehealthychangesintheirdiet.Thosewhochangedtheirfitnesshabitsfirstsignificantlyincreasedtheamountofexercisetheytookdailycomparedtotheothergroupsafterfourmonths.However,attheendoftheyear,thegroupthatchangedbothdietandexerciseatthesametimewastheonlyonethatmetthenationallyrecommendedtargetsforbothnutritionlevels,whilethosewhoworkedonimprovingtheirnutritionfirstwereunabletomeettherecommendedlevelsoffitnessafterayear.Theresearcherssuspectthatchangesindietareeasiertomakethanchangesinphysicalactivity.Thefindingsshow,however,thatcombiningdietandexercisechangesmayhelptoovercomesomeofthebarrierspeoplefaceinaddingmorephysicalactivityintotheirlives.Iffolkschangedietandexerciseinorderlyways,thescientistssay,theymayendupplacingmoreimportanceonthefirstsetofbehaviourchangesandfeellesspressuredtoaddressthesecondset.12.HowisParagraph3developed?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byanalysingcauses.D.Bymakingclassifications.13.Whichgroupwasthemostphysicallyactiveafterfourmonths?A.Thefirstgroup.C.Thethirdgroup.B.Thesecondgroup,D.Thecontrolgroup14.Whatmightthescientistsapproveof?A.Changingeatinghabitsfirstmaybereasonable.B.Dietandexercisechangesshouldbemadeinorder.C.Dietandexercisechangesareequallyhardtomake.D.Dietandexerciseshouldbeprocessedatthesametime.15.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythetitleofthepassage?A.ChangingYourHabitsforBetterHealthB.WaystoLeadaHealthyandBalancedLifeC.MakingHealthyLifestyleChangesReallyCountsD.TimingMattersinMakingDietandExerciseChanges二、写作2022年冬奥会刚刚在北京举行，奥运精神和热爱运动的精神也一直在中国传递。假如你是李华，请写一封信给你的笔友John，谈谈有关运动的话题。内容包括:谈谈多运动对人们的好处举例说明你是怎么运动的。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯解析：短文一、本文介绍了四种刺激的、令人兴奋的活动。1.D【解析】细节理解题。由Crocodilewatching中的“CrocosaurusCove,inDarwin(Australia)hasthe'CageofDeath’.It'sanenclosurethat'sloweredintoapool.Thisgivesyoua360degrees’viewofacrocodileasit'sbeingfed.Thecablebrokeonceandthecagesanktothebottom,butthey'vefixeditsincethen.”可知，应选D项。2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据Plasticballrolling中的“Plasticballrollingispopularallovertheworld,buttheplacetogiveitagoisinRotorua(NewZealand).”可知，Plasticballrolling起源于新西兰。故选C项。3.B【解析】推理判断题。根据文中每项活动的具体描述可知,这几项活动都是刺激的、令人兴奋的。故选B项。短文二、本文是一篇说明文。青少年的健康是非常重要的，在文中作者针对不同类型的青少年的健康问题给出了一些具体的运动方案。C【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第三句“'Inactivemeansthatthepersondoesnotjoininmanyphysicalactivities,butisnotseriouslyoverweight.”可知，不活跃的青少年超重不是很严重。5.A【解析】细节理解题。根据首段末句、第三段第三句“Allthesewillhelptoburncalories.”以及末段末句可知，B、C、D三项在文中都提到了，文中并没有提到体育运动可以让青少年长高6.B【解析】细节理解题。由末段Dr.Lopez所说的内容可知，为了避免受伤，人们可以做一些拉伸和弯曲运动。7.B【解析】标题归纳题。本文在首段提出“Teenagers’fitnessisnowamajorconcern,andphysicalexerciseisveryimportant.”然后分析了青少年中存在的几种健康状况并且给出了一些具体的运动方案。由此可知这篇文章主要是讲青少年的健康问题，所以B选项为最佳标题。短文三、本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了慢跑需要做的准备工作以及慢跑的方法技巧。8.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Myfirstpieceofadvice...don'tbuyexercisebikes.Peoplewhobuythemusuallyusethemforaweekorsoandthenforgetaboutthem.可知，作者认为健身自行车对于大多数人来说是没有太大用处的，是一种浪费。故选D项。9.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thereisonething,however,thatyouwillhavetospendmoneyon,andthat'syourrunningshoes.”可知，作者认为一双好的跑鞋对于慢跑非常重要。故选C项。10.C【解析】段落大意题。本段主要是说用跑步和走路相结合的方法慢慢开始慢跑，并在开始阶段不要大量锻炼,适应几个月后再增加慢跑的量和速度，由此可知，本段主要阐述的是如何正确地慢跑。故选C项。11.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It'simportantthatyoufeelcomfortablewithwhateveryoudo.Ifyoudo,you'llstarttoenjoyitandwillprobablykeepdoingit."可知，一个人锻炼时感到舒适的话，他就会持续锻炼下去。故选C项。短文四、语篇导读本文是一篇说明文，当提到在生活方式上做出健康的改变，你首先想到的是改变饮食还是更加积极地运动呢?研究发现，两者同时进行效果最佳。D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，特别是“Sothescientistsdivided200inactiveparticipantswhowere45orolderintofourgroups.”可知，科学家将200名参与者分成四组，然后分别介绍了这四组的情况由此判断出本段主要是以分类的形式来行文的，故选D项。13.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thosewhochangedtheirfitnesshabitsfirstsignificantlyincreasedtheamoun