湖北部分名校2024-2025学年高二上学期期中联考英语试卷

2024年湖北部分名校高二期中联考高二英语试卷考试时间：2024年11月13日上午8:0010:00试卷满分：150分注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whichclubwillthemanjoin?A.Thehikingclub.B.Thebicycleclub.C.Therockclimbingclub.2.Whenwillthecrewreturntothelandingsite?A.Infourmonths.B.Insixmonths.C.Intenmonths.3.Howwillthemangototheairporttomorrow?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Familymembers.C.Doctorandpatient.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Athemepark.B.Acartoon.C.Acity.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inafurnitureshop.7.HowdoesAliciasoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Grateful.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8WhatisMrs.Hayleydoing?A.Takingatrip.B.Meetingaclient.C.Dealingwithanemergency.9.WhatdoesthewomansuggestDaviddo?A.Writedownsomeinformation.B.ContactMrs.Hayleylater.C.Sendadocument.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatseasonisnotincludedfromtheyearlypass?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Fall.11.Whatisthepriceforaoneyearunlimitedpass?A.$100.B.$110.C.$150.12.Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?AMakepayment.B.Checkhercar’scondition.C.Filloutaform.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhereisMatthewnow?A.Inabigcity.B.Inamountainvillage.C.Inacoastaltown.14.WhydoesMatthewetoChinaagain?A.Forfun.B.Forstudy.C.Forbusiness.15.WhatdoesthewomanaskMatthewtodo?A.Bringherapresent.B.Makestickyriceteacake.C.Takecareofhisgrandmother.16.WhatmadeMatthewexhausted?A.Pickingtealeaves.B.Catchingachicken.C.Diggingforbambooshoots.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.panyemployees.B.Town’sresidents.C.Governmentofficials.18.Whywasthissitetobechosenforhousing?A.Twolargesecondaryschoolsarecloseby.B.Thesurroundingsarebeautiful.C.Thelocationisconvenient.19.Howfaristhissitefromthehospital?A.A15minutedrive.B.A20minutedrive.C.A45minutedrive.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Showamap.B.Asksomequestions.C.Gotoasupermarket.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEastAfricaisoneofthebestplacestoenjoyincrediblehikes.Itssoaringhillsandmountainswithaccessiblesummitsandsnakingforesttrailshavemadeitthehomeofhikingexperiencestosuitmosttimeframesandfitnesslevels.MountMeruAsTanzania’ssecondhighestmountain,MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineersforanadaptationtrainingbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro.ClimbingMountMerupassesthroughmanydifferentvegetation(植被)zones.Thedryforestofthelowerregiongiveswaytoadensemountainrainforest,whichthenturnsintobush.Thetrailalsopassesthroughthehabitatsofanumberofwildanimalsincludingbuffaloes,baboonsandgiraffes.MountKenyaAt5,199metersabovesealevel,MountKenyaisanancientextinctvolcano.MountKenyahasthreepeaks—Batian,NelionandLenana,amongwhichonlyLenanacanbereachedbyaveragetrekkers(徒步者)andtheothertwoonlyfortechnicalclimbers.MountKenyaisalsoregardedasaholymountainbyallthemunitieslivingaroundit.TheyusethemountainfortraditionalritualsbasedonthebeliefthattheirtraditionalgodNgaiandhiswifeMumbiliveonthepeakofthemountain.MountKilimanjaroMountKilimanjaroreaches5,895metersabovesealevel.ItcanbeclimbedatanytimeoftheyearbutthereisusuallyalotmorerainduringApril,MayandNovember.Atthelowerlevels,youwillpassthroughcultivatedfarmlandsrisingthroughtropicalrainforestontoalpinemeadowsandfinallythebarrenlandscapeleadingtothesnowandicecappedsummit.Thelowerlevelsalsoofferthechancetoviewawidevarietyofanimals,birdsandfaunaintheirnaturalhabitat.UsambaraMountainRangeForhikerswhodonotwanttoundergothedifficultiesofclimbingchallengingpeakslikeKilimanjaroorKenya,Tanzania’sUsambaraMountainRangeoffersagreatalternative.Unlikethehikesthatrequirepermitsandthepanyofparkrangers,itiscasual,andeasilyaccessible.At2,440meters,UsambaraMountainishometoover3,000plantspeciesandover600treespecies.1.WhydomountaineersclimbMountMerufirstbeforetheydoKilimanjaro?A.Toviewawidevarietyofanimals. B.Toadmiredifferentvegetationzones.C.TogetusedtothesituationofKilimanjaro. D.ToavoidthehardshipofclimbingKilimanjaro.2.WhatdoweknowaboutMountKenya?A.Itisanactivevolcano.B.ItiseasiertoclimbparedwithKilimanjaro.C.Itissacredintheeyesofresidentslivingaroundit.D.Itsthreepeakscanbeaccessibletoinexperiencedtrekkers.3.WhatisspecialaboutUsambaraMountainRange?A.Itishardtogetaccessto.B.Itishometouniqueplantspecies.C.Itcanbeclimbedatanytimeoftheyear.D.Itdoesn’tneedparkrangerstoacpanytheclimbers.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四座非洲的名山以及各自的特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AsTanzania’ssecondhighestmountain,MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineersforanadaptationtrainingbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro.(作为坦桑尼亚的第二高峰，梅鲁山经常被登山者用来进行适应训练，然后再试图征服乞力马扎罗山)”可知，登山者先爬梅鲁山，再爬乞力马扎罗山是为了适应乞力马扎罗山的情况。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“MountKenyaisalsoregardedasaholymountainbyallthemunitieslivingaroundit.(肯尼亚山也被居住在它周围的所有社区视为圣山)”可知，肯尼亚山在周围居民眼中是神圣的。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Unlikethehikesthatrequirepermitsandthepanyofparkrangers,itiscasual,andeasilyaccessible.(与需要许可证和公园护林员陪伴的徒步旅行不同，它很随意，很容易到达)”可知，乌桑巴拉山脉不需要公园管理员陪同登山者。故选D。BWhenacolleaguesentJohnMcFallajobadvertisementforwouldbeastronauts,hisreactionwasswift.Allhehadinhisheadwasthatitwouldbeawesometogotospace.However,doingsowouldinvolvebreakingthroughaglassceiling—onethathasheldfirmformorethansixdecadesofspaceexploration.Afterlosinghisrightlegattheageof19inamotorcycleaccident,McFallwentontobeeaParalympicathlete,winningbronzeinBeijing,andlaterbeingasurgeon.In2022,theEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)announcedthathewouldjointheminseekingtopushtheboundariesofspaceexplorationafterademandingselectionprocess.ThreeyearsafterspottingthejobpostingbyESA,McFallisnowontracktobeetheworld’sfirstastronautwithadisability.There’snoguaranteethatMcFallwillgointospace.InsteadtheagencyhasbeenputtinghimthroughtherequirementsofasixmonthmissiontotheInternationalSpaceStation.ThetestsareaimedatexploringquestionssuchashowMcFallwouldmoveandstabilizehimselfinmicrogravityandhowconditionsinspacewouldaffecthisprosthesis(假肢).Sofar,allsignshavesuggestedthatspaceflightisfeasibleforMcFall,givinghopethathe—orsomeonewithasimilardisability—couldeventuallytrainforanupingmission.SincestartingwiththeESA,hehassoughttogentlypushpackagainstthewidelyusedtitleofparastronaut.“I’mnotaparasurgeon;I’masurgeon.I’mnotaparaded;I’madad,”hesaid,describingitasa“slipperyslope”toadd“para”infrontofanythingdonebysomeonewithaphysicaldisability.McFallishopingtochallengepeople’sperceptionofwhatanastronautlookslike.Hesaid,“Myjobistomakesurethatpeoplehaveawellroundedandinformeddefinitionofdisabilityandwhatbeingdisabledmeans.”4.Whydoesgoingtospaceinvolvebreakingthroughaglassceiling?A.BecauseMcFallfeelsitawfultogotospace.B.BecauseMcFallhastopassaglassbreakingtest.C.Becausetherehasbeennodisabledastronauttodate.D.Becausetheboundariesofspaceexplorationareeasytopush.5.Whathavethesignsindicatedsofar?A.Thetestsareunfairandinhuman. B.McFallwilldefinitelygotospace.C.MeFall’shopeforthefutureislost. D.SpaceflightisworkableforMacFall.6.WhatdoesMcFallwanttodoaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.Joinhandswiththosedisabled.B.Pushpeopletoslipoveronaslope.C.Deepenpeople’sunderstandingofdisability.D.Proteststronglyagainsttheuseof“parastronaut”.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJohnMcFall?A.Generousandstrict. B.Courageousandinspiring.C.Ambitiousandtalented. D.Warmheartedandoutgoing.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了John

McFall在成为残疾人的情况下取得了非凡成就，包括在残奥会获奖及成为外科医生，并通过ESA的选拔有望成为首位残疾宇航员。此外，文章还传达了McFall希望改变公众对残疾人和残疾宇航员看法的信息。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However,doingsowouldinvolvebreakingthroughaglassceiling—onethathasheldfirmformorethansixdecadesofspaceexploration.(然而，这样做将需要打破一个玻璃天花板——一个在太空探索的六十多年里一直存在的天花板。)”和第二段第一句McFall的情况的描述“Afterlosinghisrightlegattheageof19inamotorcycleaccident,McFallwentontobeeaParalympicathlete,winningbronzeinBeijing,andlaterbeingasurgeon.(19岁时，在一次摩托车事故中失去右腿后，McFall成为了一名残奥会运动员，在北京获得了铜牌，后来成为了一名外科医生。)”可知，太空探索领域还没有残疾宇航员，所以McFall如果成为宇航员，将打破这一现状。因此，去太空要突破玻璃天花板的原因是到目前为止还没有残疾宇航员。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Sofar,allsignshavesuggestedthatspaceflightisfeasibleforMcFall,givinghopethathe—orsomeonewithasimilardisability—couldeventuallytrainforanupingmission.(到目前为止，所有的迹象都表明，太空飞行对McFall来说是可行的，这给了他希望，即他或一个有类似残疾的人最终可以为即将到来的任务进行训练。)”可知，目前所有的迹象都表明太空飞行对McFall来说是可行的。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后两段内容“SincestartingwiththeESA,hehassoughttogentlypushpackagainstthewidelyusedtitleofparastronaut.‘I’mnotaparasurgeon;I’masurgeon.I’mnotaparaded;I’madad,’hesaid,describingitasa‘slipperyslope’toadd‘para’infrontofanythingdonebysomeonewithaphysicaldisability.McFallishopingtochallengepeople’sperceptionofwhatanastronautlookslike.Hesaid,‘Myjobistomakesurethatpeoplehaveawellroundedandinformeddefinitionofdisabilityandwhatbeingdisabledmeans.’(自加入欧洲航天局以来，他一直试图温和地抵制‘残奥会宇航员’这一广泛使用的头衔。‘我不是残奥会外科医生，我是外科医生。我不是残奥会爸爸，我是爸爸，’他说，把‘残奥’加在有身体残疾的人所做的任何事情前面，是一个‘危险的滑坡’。McFall希望挑战人们对宇航员形象的看法。他说：‘我的工作是确保人们对残疾和残疾意味着什么有一个全面和正确的认识。’)”可知，McFall想要加深人们对残疾和残疾人能力的理解，而不仅仅是在这些称谓上做文章。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Afterlosinghisrightlegattheageof19inamotorcycleaccident,McFallwentontobeeaParalympicathlete,winningbronzeinBeijing,andlaterbeingasurgeon.(19岁时，在一次摩托车事故中失去右腿后，McFall成为了一名残奥会运动员，在北京获得了铜牌，后来成为了一名外科医生。)”和第三段中的“Sofar,allsignshavesuggestedthatspaceflightisfeasibleforMcFall,givinghopethathe—orsomeonewithasimilardisability—couldeventuallytrainforanupingmission.(到目前为止，所有的迹象都表明，太空飞行对McFall来说是可行的，这给了他希望，即他或一个有类似残疾的人最终可以为即将到来的任务进行训练。)”以及最后两段McFall想要加深人们对残疾的理解可知，JohnMcFall在失去右腿后仍然努力奋斗，成为了残奥会运动员和外科医生，并有可能成为世界上第一个残疾宇航员，他的经历是勇敢和鼓舞人心的。故选B项。CNoneofusliketothinkwe’dwalkonbywhensomeoneneededourhelp.Butsometimeswebehaveinwayswewouldn’texpectwhenencounteringasituationweareunsureabout.ResearchfromtheBritishHeartFoundationhassuggestedthatathirdofpeoplewouldnotperformfirstaidiftheysawsomeonecollapseonthestreet,withsomeevenadmittingtheywouldn’tcallanambulance.Thiscansometimesmeanthatnoonehelpswhensomeonedesperatelyneedsit.However,alotoftragiceventsurgeustotakeimmediateaction.OneofthemostfamousexamplesofthisisthetragiccaseofKittyGenovesewhowasfatallystabbed(刺、捅)inKewGardens,NewYork,in1964.Followupinvestigationsconcludedthatseveralpeoplesaworheardwhatwashappening,butdidnothingtointervene.Thishasbeentermedthe“bystandereffect”—awellknownpsychologicalphenomenonthatindividualsarelesslikelytoofferhelptosomeonewhenotherpeoplearepresent.Themorepeoplethereare,thelesslikelytheyaretohelp.Therearevariousfactorscontributingtothiseffect—peoplethinkthatotherswillgetinvolvedorintervene.Afterwardspeopleoftensaytheydidnotfeelqualifiedorseniororimportantenoughtobetheonetointervene.Itisalsopartlydownto“pluralisticignorance”—sinceeveryoneisnotreactingtotheemergency,theydon’tneedtoeither;it’snotseriousbecausenooneelseisdoinganything.Selfawarenessisthebestantidotetoit.Whenencounteringanemergency,thinktoyourselfhowyouwouldbehaveifyouwereonyourown.Ignoreeveryoneelseandhowtheyarebehavingandgowithyourinstinct(直觉)—ifyou’dcallanambulance,doit.Ifyou’drunforhelp,doit.Ifthat’showyouwouldhavebehavedwhenyouwereonyourownthenthat’sprobablytherightcourseofaction.8.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldsomepeopledowhensomeoneneedshelp?A.Tobehaveinproperways. B.Torushtogiveahand.C.Togiveimmediatefirstaid. D.Tohesitatetointervene.9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout“bystandereffect”iscorrect?A.Itisararepsychologicalphenomenon.B.Peopleareunwillingtohelpforlackofqualification.C.Someonewillstepinwhenmorepeoplearegathering.D.Itresultsfrom“pluralisticignorance”tosomedegree.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antidote”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Devotion. B.Introduction. C.Solution. D.Resistance.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Don’tBeaBystander B.StayawayfromEmergenciesC.RaiseAwarenessofFirstAid D.Don’tIntervenein“BystanderEffect”【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章开篇提出人们在面对他人需要帮助时存在的一些不作为现象这一问题，接着通过KittyGenovese的事例引入“旁观者效应”这一概念并对其进行分析阐述，包括产生该效应的多种因素，最后提出自我意识是应对“旁观者效应”的解决办法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butsometimeswebehaveinwayswewouldn’texpectwhenencounteringasituationweareunsureabout.ResearchfromtheBritishHeartFoundationhassuggestedthatathirdofpeoplewouldnotperformfirstaidiftheysawsomeonecollapseonthestreet,withsomeevenadmittingtheywouldn’tcallanambulance.(但有时，当我们遇到不确定的情况时，我们的行为方式会出乎我们的意料。英国心脏基金会的研究表明，如果看到有人在街上晕倒，三分之一的人不会进行急救，有些人甚至承认他们不会叫救护车。)”可知，有些人在他人需要帮助时会表现出犹豫，不确定是否要采取帮助行动，比如进行急救或叫救护车等，即，有些人会犹豫是否干预。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Therearevariousfactorscontributingtothiseffect—peoplethinkthatotherswillgetinvolvedorintervene.Afterwardspeopleoftensaytheydidnotfeelqualifiedorseniororimportantenoughtobetheonetointervene.Itisalsopartlydownto“pluralisticignorance”—sinceeveryoneisnotreactingtotheemergency,theydon’tneedtoeither;it’snotseriousbecausenooneelseisdoinganything.(造成这种效应有多种因素——人们认为其他人会介入或干预。之后人们常说他们觉得自己不够格、不够资深或不够重要，不足以成为介入的那个人。这在一定程度上也归因于“多元无知”——既然每个人都对紧急情况没有反应，他们也觉得自己没必要反应；因为其他人都没做什么，所以就觉得情况不严重。)”可知，多个因素导致了旁观者效应，其中包括“多元无知”，即因所有人不反应所以认为不严重，故选D项。【10题详解】词句猜题题。根据最后一段“Selfawarenessisthebestantidotetoit.Whenencounteringanemergency,thinktoyourselfhowyouwouldbehaveifyouwereonyourown.Ignoreeveryoneelseandhowtheyarebehavingandgowithyourinstinct(直觉)—ifyou’dcallanambulance,doit.Ifyou’drunforhelp,doit.Ifthat’showyouwouldhavebehavedwhenyouwereonyourownthenthat’sprobablytherightcourseofaction.(自我意识是应对它的最佳……。当遇到紧急情况时，想想如果你独自面对会怎么做。忽略其他人以及他们的行为，听从你的直觉——如果你会叫救护车，那就叫。如果你会跑去求助，那就去。如果这是你独自面对时会采取的行为方式，那么这可能就是正确的行动方案。)”可知，自我意识是应对“旁观者效应”的最佳解决方案，段落阐述了通过自我意识按照自己本能行动的具体做法，由此可推断antidote在这里是指应对、解决“旁观者效应”的办法，故选C项。11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Thishasbeentermedthe“bystandereffect”—awellknownpsychologicalphenomenonthatindividualsarelesslikelytoofferhelptosomeonewhenotherpeoplearepresent.Themorepeoplethereare,thelesslikelytheyaretohelp.(这被称为“旁观者效应”——一种众所周知的心理现象，当其他人在场时，个人不太可能向某人提供帮助。人越多，他们提供帮助的可能性就越小。)”及最后一段中“Ifyou’drunforhelp,doit.Ifthat’showyouwouldhavebehavedwhenyouwereonyourownthenthat’sprobablytherightcourseofaction.(如果你愿意寻求帮助，那就去做吧。如果这就是你独自一人时的行为方式，那么这可能是正确的做法。)”可知，文章主要围绕“旁观者效应”展开，讲述了人们在他人需要帮助时由于该效应而不施救的现象及原因，最后又提出通过自我意识避免成为旁观者的解决办法，整体都是在强调不要在他人有需要时只做旁观者，而要采取行动去帮助，A项“.Don’tBeaBystander(不要成为旁观者)”最能概括全文，故选A项。DHeatimpactsonfoodproductionnowregularlypresentthemselves.“Wehavebeenworriedaboutthisforyears,sayingtheissuewasgoingtogetworse—nowitis,”saysZitouniOuldDada,deputydirectorintheOfficeofClimateChange,BiodiversityandEnvironmentattheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO).“Cropsneedanorm(常态);anychangesordisturbancetocycleswillleadtonegativeimpacts.Somecropssimplywon’tgrowincertainareasanymore.Droughtaffectsthequalityofthesoil,theminerals,andtheproductivityoftheplant.”Researchshowsthatyieldsofsomecrops,suchasmaizeandwheatinmanylowerlatituderegions,havealreadybeenaffectedbyclimatechange.However,yieldsofmaize,wheatandsugarbeetinhigherlatitudeshavebeenaffectedpositivelyinrecentdecades.“Somecropsaremoretolerantofheatbut,overtime,ifthesetemperaturesbeethenorm,andarefollowedbyextremelyhighheatonoccasion,allcropseventuallygetaffected.”OuldDadawarns.Heatimpactsarenotonlylimitedtofoodproduction.Smalleryieldsandchanginggrowingzonescouldleadtogreateruseoffertilisersandwater,andthefurtherlossofbiodiversity.Domesticanimalsarejustasvulnerable(易受……伤害的)toheatstress,withknockonimpactsoncattleraisedformeatanddairyanimals.Meanwhile,fisheriesandaquaculture(水产养殖业)faceissuesaroundwarmerwatersandacidification.“Aheatingworld,”saysOuldDada,“isforcingustorethinkhowweproducefood,processitandstoreit.”Thekeymessage,arguesOuldDada,isforfarmerstoexchangebestpracticeanddiversify:ifonecropfallstoheat,anothermaygrow.Besides,Farmerscouldbecreative,forexample,byinstallingsolarpanelsinfields;plantsbenefitfromshadeandthepanelsgenerateelectricityandgatherrainwater.“FoodproductionitselfwillcausetheemissionofCO.Wehavetodothisinawaythatbenefitsnature,thelivelihoodsoffarmersandlocalmunities,”addsOuldDada.12.Whateffectdoesheathaveonfoodproductionaccordingtothepassage?A.Theoverallyieldsoffoodhavenotbeenaffected.B.Theoutputofcertaincropsinlowerlatitudeshasincreased.C.Somecropsarenotlikelytoadapttocertainareasanymore.D.Somecropsmoretolerantofheatwon’tgetaffectedovertime.13.Whatisthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Furtherheatimpacts. B.Heatimpactsonfoodproduction.CThelossofbiodiversity. D.Issuesonfisheriesandaquaculture.14.Whatisthekeytocopingwithheatimpactsonfoodproduction?A.Creatingnewplantspecies. B.Processingandstoringfood.C.Installingsolarpanelsinfields. D.Sharingmethodsandvaryingcrops.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromOuldDada’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Farmersneedtoputtheoryintopracticeintime.B.Wehadbettertakeenvironmentfriendlymeasures.C.Aheatingworldispushingustoproducehealthyfood.D.Foodproductionismerelytoblameforclimatechange.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖对农业生产的影响及应对策略。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Cropsneedanorm(常态);anychangesordisturbancetocycleswillleadtonegativeimpacts.Somecropssimplywon’tgrowincertainareasanymore.Droughtaffectsthequalityofthesoil,theminerals,andtheproductivityoftheplant.(作物需要有一个常态；任何变化或周期的干扰都会导致负面影响。有些作物在某些地区根本无法再生长。干旱会影响土壤质量、矿物质和植物生产力。)”可知，由于高温，某些作物已无法再适应某些地区的生长条件。故选C。【13题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Heatimpactsarenotonlylimitedtofoodproduction.Smalleryieldsandchanginggrowingzonescouldleadtogreateruseoffertilisersandwater,andthefurtherlossofbiodiversity.Domesticanimalsarejustasvulnerable(易受……伤害的)toheatstress,withknockonimpactsoncattleraisedformeatanddairyanimals.Meanwhile,fisheriesandaquaculture(水产养殖业)faceissuesaroundwarmerwatersandacidification.(热效应不仅限于粮食生产。产量减少和种植区的变化可能导致肥料和水的更多使用，以及生物多样性的进一步丧失。家畜同样容易受到热应激的影响，这对饲养用于肉类和奶制品的牲畜产生连锁反应。与此同时，渔业和水产养殖业也面临着水温升高和酸化的问题。)”可知，本段主要讲述热效应对除粮食生产外其他方面的广泛影响，即热效应的进一步的影响。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Thekeymessage,arguesOuldDada,isforfarmerstoexchangebestpracticeanddiversify:ifonecropfallstoheat,anothermaygrow.(OuldDada认为，关键信息是农民应该分享最佳实践并多样化种植：如果一种作物因热而受损，另一种作物可能还能生长。)”可知，应对热效应的关键在于农民之间分享方法和多样化种植。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Besides,Farmerscouldbecreative,forexample,byinstallingsolarpanelsinfields;plantsbenefitfromshadeandthepanelsgenerateelectricityandgatherrainwater.“FoodproductionitselfwillcausetheemissionofCO.Wehavetodothisinawaythatbenefitsnature,thelivelihoodsoffarmersandlocalmunities,”addsOuldDada.(此外，农民可以更具创造性，例如在田地里安装太阳能板；植物可以从阴凉中受益，而太阳能板可以发电并收集雨水。“食品生产本身会导致二氧化碳排放。我们必须以一种有利于自然、农民生计和当地社区的方式来实现这一点，”OuldDada补充道。)”可知，从OuldDada最后一段的话中可以推断出我们最好采取环保措施。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wewatchoursaltandfatintaketoprotectourhearts.Weexerciseandtakecalciumtoprotectourbones.Weusesunscreentoprotectourskin.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes?____16____WearsafetyglassesYoudon’thavetobeaconstructionorfactoryworkertoneedprotectiveeyewear.____17____It’sestimatedthatupto90percentofsportrelatedeyeinjuriesarepreventablewithpropereyeprotection.Expertsremendsportorsafetyglasseswithpolycarbonatelenses,whichisatypeofplasticthatwillnoteasilybreak.TakeabreakfromscreensThere’snoscientificevidencethatthelightfromelectronicscreensdamageseyes.Butstaringatascreencanleaveeyestiredandmayblur(模糊)vision.Expertssuggestfollowingthe202020rule:every20minutestakeabreakandlookatsomethingabout20feetawayfor20seconds.Onereasonforeyetirednessduringscreenuseisthatpeopletendtoblinklesswhenstaringatputerscreens,whichcanleadtodryness.____18____Ifyoustillfeelyoureyesaredryorgettingtired,oryourvisionisoccasionallyblurred,useeyedrops.____19____First,theobvious:smokingisn’tjustbadforyourlungs,butitcanharmeyesandcausedryeyes.Italsoincreasestheriskofcataractsandcanharmtheeyenerve.Besides,trynottorubyoureyes.Rubbingmakesinflammation(炎症)andleadstoinfections.Themoreyourub,theitchieryoureyeswillget.____20____Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearly.Formostpeople,unlessthereareproblems,thatmeanshavingyoureyestestedeveryonetotwoyears.A.GetridofsmokingB.StopsomebadhabitsC.Finally,don’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckupregularly.D.Gardening,homerepairsandsportscanalsoposeriskstoyoureyes.E.Weaskedexpertswhatlifestylestepscanbetakentoprotectourvision.F.Onegoodwaytopreventthatisdrinkingfourorfiveglassesofwateraday.G.Toprotecteyes,wearsunglassesthatcanblockout99to100percentofUVAandUVBlight.【答案】16.E17.D18.F19.B20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过列举人们保护心脏、骨骼、皮肤的常见做法引出保护眼睛的话题，随后分别从佩戴安全眼镜、适当远离屏幕休息、摒弃不良习惯以及定期看眼科专家进行检查等几个方面，详细说明了保护眼睛视力可采取的具体生活方式及相关注意事项。【16题详解】根据上文“Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes?(但是我们能做些什么来保护我们的眼睛呢？)”可知，此处应承接上文并引出下文保护眼睛的具体建议，与E项“Weaskedexpertswhatlifestylestepscanbetakentoprotectourvision.(我们询问了专家可以采取哪些生活方式措施来保护我们的视力。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。【17题详解】根据上文“Youdon’thavetobeaconstructionorfactoryworkertoneedprotectiveeyewear.(你不必是建筑工人或工厂工人才需要防护眼镜。)”及下文“It’sestimatedthatupto90percentofsportrelatedeyeinjuriesarepreventablewithpropereyeprotection.(据估计，高达90%的运动相关眼部损伤可以通过适当的眼睛保护来预防。)”可知，不管是什么职业，都需要防护眼镜，与D项“Gardening,homerepairsandsportscanalsoposeriskstoyoureyes.(园艺、家庭维修和运动也会对你的眼睛构成风险。)”上下文一致，既呼应了上文所说的不局限于特定工种需要护目镜，又引出了运动相关的眼部风险，故选D项。【18题详解】根据上文“Onereasonforeyetirednessduringscreenuseisthatpeopletendtoblinklesswhenstaringatputerscreens,whichcanleadtodryness.(使用屏幕时眼睛疲劳的一个原因是，人们在盯着电脑屏幕时往往眨眼较少，这会导致干燥。)”可知，下文会讲述缓解眼睛干涩的方法，与F项“Onegoodwaytopreventthatisdrinkingfourorfiveglassesofwateraday.(防止这种情况的一个好方法是每天喝四到五杯水。)”上下文一致，提供了缓解眼睛干燥的一种办法，承接了上文关于眼睛干燥的话题，故选F项。【19题详解】根据下文“First,theobvious:smokingisn’tjustbadforyourlungs,butitcanharmeyesandcausedryeyes.Italsoincreasestheriskofcataractsandcanharmtheeyenerve.Besides,trynottorubyoureyes.Rubbingmakesinflammation(炎症)andleadstoinfections.Themoreyourub,theitchieryoureyeswillget.(首先，显而易见的是：吸烟不仅对肺部有害，还会伤害眼睛并导致眼睛干涩。它还会增加患白内障的风险，并可能损害眼神经。此外，尽量不要揉眼睛。摩擦会引起炎症并导致感染。揉得越多，眼睛就会越痒。)”可知，此段内容主要讲了吸烟对眼睛有害以及揉眼睛会导致炎症和感染等不良习惯，与B项“Stopsomebadhabits(改掉一些坏习惯)”上下文一致，最能概括这段的主要内容，故选B项。【20题详解】根据下文“Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearly.(并非所有的眼部问题都很明显，所有问题最好在早期发现时得到治疗。)”可知，要定期检查眼睛，与C项“Finally,don’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckupregularly.(最后，不要忘记定期去看眼科专家进行检查。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnAugust8th,2023,abigfirebrokeoutinLahaina,Hawaii.Thefire____21____throughLahainaanddestroyedalmost2,200houses.Itleftabout7,000peoplewithouttheirpossessionsandinneedof____22____.Thatafternoon,KalynLeprenearlylosteverythingincludingsevensurfboards.Lepresurfedalmosteveryday;surfingwasa____23____ofjoyandameansto____24____mentalhealth.JudLau,alongtimesurfer,hasbeenbuildingsurfboardsforthelast15years.Hebelieveslosingaboardislikelosingapartofone’s____25____.Wantingtohelpthevictims,Laustartedbyconnectingpeoplewhowantedtodonate____26____boardstothosewhohadlosttheirs.Butmanysurfers,likeLepre,usecustom(定制的)boardsdesignedto____27____totheirsizeorthetypeofwavestheyride.SoLauraisedapproximately$20,000to____28____thecostofmaterialsforshapingcustomboardsto____29____.Finallyhemade40boardsthatwould____30____havebeensoldfor$600to$1,500each.TherecipientsofLau’seffortsincludeLepre.Lau____31____herahighperformanceboard____32____withasunsetfadingfromyellowtoorange.Leprecriedwhilereceivingthenewboard.“Justgettingbackinthewaterwasoneofthemost____33____experiencesofmylife.Jud____34____mebackahugepartofmymentalhealth.”saysLepre,____35____wellingupinhervoice.21.A.wiped B.burnt C.lit D.swept22.A.guidance B.shelter C.approval D.scholarship23.A.waste B.source C.variety D.bination24.A.tackle B.assess C.maintain D.suffer25.A.soul B.opportunity C.balance D.battle26.A.bare B.expensive C.extra D.mon27.A.adjust B.appeal C.lead D.subscribe28.A.cut