2023高中英语Unit1ScienceandScientistsSectionIIIUsingLanguage测试新人教版选择性

SectionⅢUsingLanguage[基础测评]Ⅰ.单句语法填空。1.Thereismuch________(think)tobedone.It’saveryplexproblem.

2.The________(find)ofthecourthavebeenpublishedonWednesday.

3.Alleyes________(cast)uponthespeaker.

4.Sheboughta________(mechanic)dogforhersister.

5.Iambusyatthemoment;I’llgetoneofthe________(assist)toseeyou.

6.Ishallthinkofherasthemost________(gift)violinisthere.

7.Hewishedtobean________(astronomy)whenhewasachild.

8.Wethinkitis________(importance)toobeythelaws.

9.Idon’tfeelitdifficult

________(understand)theSpecialEnglish.10.Aquarrelbroke________betweenthem.

答案:1.thinking2.findings3.werecast4.mechanical5.assistants6.gifted7.astronomer8.important9.tounderstand10.outⅡ.语法填空。IsaacAsimovwasaRussianAmericanwriterandscientist1.becameafulltimewriterin1985.Andhewas2.________(well)knownforhissciencefictionstories.Itwaswhenhewaselevenyearsold3.________histalentforwritingwasobvious.Hebeganhavinghisstories4.________(publish)insciencefictionmagazinesin1989.Inthe5.________(follow)years,hepublishedhisfirstnovelandhisfirstsciencebook.Throughouthislife,hereceivedmany6.________(award).ThefamousFoundationTrilogy(《基地三部曲》),7.________whichhewonanaward,was8.________(loose)basedonthefalloftheRomanbutaboutthefuture.InthebookI,Robot,Asimovdevelopedasetofthree“laws”forrobots,whichlater9.________(influence)otherwritersandevenscientistsresearchingintoartificial10.________(intelligent).

答案:1.who/that2.best/well3.that4.published5.following6.awards7.for8.loosely9.influenced10.intelligence[提升测评]Ⅲ.阅读理解。Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinoursocieties.However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.Thesecondistheapplicationofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistiscurious—hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallypaysattentiontoproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfyingexplanation,andlooksforrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemstobeunconnected.Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.Heisagoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjectiveandusesthefactsheobservestothefullest.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum(光谱).Hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostpleteevidenceavailable.Herejectsauthorityastheonlybasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectively.Furthermore,hedoesnotreadilyaccepthisownidea,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.Lastly,heisfullofimaginationsinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhichisnotonlyplexbutalsofrequentlyinplete.Furthermore,heneedsimaginationifhewantstoguesshowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.1.Howdoesthetextdescribeacuriousscientist?A.Helooksfornewwaysofacting.B.Heisinterestedinproblemsthatareexplained.C.Hedoesn’tfindconfidenceorpleasureinwork.D.Hemakeseffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.解析:推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二、三句“...hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallypaysattentiontoproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfyingexplanation,andlooksforrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemstobeunconnected.”可知,求知欲强是科学家的特质之一,他想了解宇宙是如何运转的。他通常会注意那些没有令人满意解释的问题,即使现有的数据似乎毫无关联,他也要一探究竟。由此可推断,求知欲强的科学家会努力调查事物间潜在的联系,故选D。答案:D2.Whatdoweknowaboutasuccessfulscientistaccordingtothetext?A.Hewouldn’teasilybelieveinuncheckedstatements.B.Hewouldn’teasilycriticizeothers’researchwork.C.Hewouldn’talwaysusehisimaginationinwork.D.Hewouldn’talwaysuseevidencefromobservation.解析:细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectively.”可知,科学家总是不断地检验各种观点,谨慎而客观地做实验,所以他不会轻易相信未加验证的陈述,故选A。答案:A3.Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethedatathatagoodscientistuses?A.Confusing. B.plicated.C.plete. D.Concrete.解析:推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“datawhichisnotonlyplexbutalsofrequentlyinplete”可知,科学家不得不在复杂且常常不完整的数据中寻找关联,故选B。答案:B4.Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?A.Applicationoftechnology.B.Progressinmodernsociety.C.Scientists’waysofthinkingandacting.D.Howtobeeasuccessfulscientist.解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要陈述的是科学家的思维和行为模式。文章从第三段至最后一段都是在具体阐述科学家思维和行为模式,故选C。答案:CⅣ.完形填空。StephenGlennisafamousAmericanresearchscientist.Hehasmadeseveralveryimportantmedical1.Whenanewspaperjournalistaskedhimwhyhewasabletobesomuchmore2thantheaverageperson,herespondedthatitallcamefroma(n)3withhismotherthatoccurredwhenhewasachild.

Stephenhadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhe4hisgripontheslipperybottleanditfell,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor—arealseaofmilk!Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadof5athim,givinghimalectureorchastisinghim,shesaid,“Whatagreatandwonderful6youhavemade!Ihaverarelyseensuchahugepondofmilk.Well,the7hasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketogetdownandplayinthemilkforafewminutes8wecleanitup?”

Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,“Stephen,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,9youhavetocleanitupandrestoreeverythingtoitsproperorder.”Andtogethertheycleanedupthespilledmilk.Hismotherthensaid,“Youknow,whatwehavehereisa10experimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let’sgooutinthebackyardand11thebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit.”Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecould12withoutdroppingit.Whatagood13tohim!

Thisfamousscientistthenremarkedthatitwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn’tneedtobeafraidtomake14.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejustchancesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientific15areallabout.Eveniftheexperimentdoesn’twork,weusuallylearnsomethingvaluablefromit.

1.A.impressions B.breakthroughsC.promises D.intentions解析:根据上文的“StephenGlennisafamousAmericanresearchscientist.”可知,史蒂芬·格伦取得了几次非常重要的医学突破(breakthroughs)。故选B项。答案:B2.A.outgoing B.responsibleC.warmhearted D.creative解析:根据上文的“Hehasmadeseveralveryimportantmedical1.”可知,新闻记者问他为什么他能比一般人更有创造力(creative)。故选D项。

答案:D3.A.experience B.wordC.argument D.adventure解析:根据下文的“thatoccurredwhenhewasachild”可知,史蒂芬·格伦回应道他的创造力来自他小时候和他母亲的一次经历(experience)。故选A项。答案:A4.A.lost B.tightenedC.adjusted D.caught解析:根据下文的“itfell,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor—arealseaofmilk”可知,史蒂芬·格伦失去了(lost)对奶瓶的控制。故选A项。答案:A5.A.looking B.yellingC.smiling D.glancing解析:根据下文的“givinghimalectureorchastisinghim,shesaid,‘Whatagreatandwonderful6youhavemade...’”可知,史蒂芬·格伦的妈妈并未对他大声吼叫(yelling)。故选B项。

答案:B6.A.discovery B.messC.change D.joke解析:根据下文的“‘stephen,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis”可知选B项。答案:B7.A.injury B.researchC.assignment D.damage解析:根据下文的“Wouldyouliketogetdownandplayinthemilkforafewminutes”可知,妈妈告诉史蒂芬·格伦,损失(damage)已经造成了,那就玩一会儿吧。故选D项。答案:D8.A.when B.asC.after D.before解析:妈妈问在把牛奶清理干净之前(before),史蒂芬·格伦是否愿意在牛奶里玩几分钟。故选D项。答案:D9.A.gradually B.initiallyC.eventually D.constantly解析:妈妈告诉史蒂芬·格伦无论什么时候搞得像这样一