【高一外研寒假作业】练习07-简单句的五种基本句型（解析版）

2/2练习07-语法1：简单句的五种基本句型【练习导航】一、按照要求，写出下列画线句子的成分。1.The_theatre_ticketshavesoldout._________________2.Thiskindofclothwasheswell._________________3.Couldyougivemetheletter？_________________4.Iwill_studyhardtolearnEnglishwell._________________5.Heisavery_kindlady._________________6.Hiswishistobecomeascientist._________________7.Henoticedamanentertheroom._________________8.Wouldyoutellmeyouradvice?_________________9.Iopenedthewindowtoletsomefreshairin._________________10.Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillcomeornot._________________【答案】主语2.状语3.宾语4.谓语5.定语6.表语7.宾语补足语8.me为间接宾语；youradvice为直接宾语9.状语10.it为形式主语；whetherhewillcomeornot为真正的主语二、单项选择1.Whatisthesentencepatternofthesentence“Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.”?A．S+V+O+OC B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O2.Whichisthesentencepatternof“UncleLiboughtmeadictionary.”?A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DOC．S+V D．S+V+O+OC3.Whatisthesentencepatternof"Doyouloveme?"A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC4.Thesentencestructureof‘Wemadehermonitor.’is________.A．S+V+IO+DO B．S+V+O+OC C．S+V+P D．S+V+O5.Whichistherightsentencestructureof"Isawtheboystandingontheothersideoftheroad."?A．S+V+DO B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC6.Thesentencestructureof"Ihadlittlesleeplastnight."is________A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC7.Whatkindofstructureisthesentence“Thegirlshowedherclassmatessomephotos.”?A．S+V+O B．S+V+PC．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC8.Drivingbringstheyoungmanhappiness.ThesentencestructureisA．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC9.Thesentencepatternof"IenjoylivinginGansu."is________.A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC10.Thestructureofthesentence“Mr.Greenfindstheartworkveryvaluable.”is________.A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO【答案】1-5ABBBD6-10ACCAC三、汉译英根据中文和句型要求，用英语翻译下列句子。这个想法起效了。（S+V）___________________________________________________________________________你应该享受英语。（S+V+O）___________________________________________________________________________他们帮助人们过上更好的生活。（S+V+O+C）___________________________________________________________________________校长给整个学校做了一个演讲。（S+V+IO+DO）或（S+V+DO+IO）_________________________________________________________________________现在计算机变得越来越小，越来越好。（S+V+P）__________________________________________________________________________那个可怜人已经死了。（S+V）___________________________________________________________________________她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)___________________________________________________________________________你们的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。(主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)___________________________________________________________________________【答案】Theideaworked.YoushouldenjoyEnglish.Theyhelppeopleliveabetterlife.Theheadteachergaveaspeechtothewholeschool.或Theheadteachergavethewholeschoolaspeech.Nowcomputersarebecomingsmallerandbetter.Thepoormanhasdied.ShesangusanEnglishsong.Yourcontributionwillcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.四、单句语法填空1.Yousang______________(beautiful)lastnight,whichamazedallofus(we).2.WhatIreallywantis______________(improve)myabilitytocommunicatewithothers.3.Hefound______________importanttomasterEnglish.4.Heaskedme______________(come)backsoon.5.Computersare______________(use)inpeople’slife.6.Hesucceededin______________(finish)theworkintime.7.Ioftenhearher______________(sing)inthenextroom.【答案】1.beautifully；us2.toimprove3.it4.tocome5.useful6.finishing7.singing【指导迷津】简单句的五种基本句型一、句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用，英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。1．主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当。Theuncleisverykindtous.叔叔对我们很好。2．谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当。Iwillwaitforyouattheschoolgate.我要在校门口等你。3．表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当。Helooksveryhappy.他看上去很开心。4．宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。Hewrotemanystories他写了许多故事。5．宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。I'veneverseenherdancing.我从未看见过她跳舞。6．定语：对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明，一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当。It'saninterestingthing.那是一个有趣的事。7．状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等，一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。WelikeEnglishverymuch.我们非常喜欢英语。二、五种基本句式英语中最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由基本句式演变而来。五种基本句式如下：①主语＋谓语(不及物动词)；②主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语；③主语＋系动词＋表语；④主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语；⑤主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语；1.主语(subject)＋谓语(verb)句型特点：谓语动词是不及物动词，本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需接宾语，但有时可接副词、介词短语等作状语。Weshouldexerciseregularly.我们应该定期锻炼。2.主语(subject)＋谓语(verb)＋宾语(object)句型特点：谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，其后必须要接一个宾语，即动作的承受者。Attheageoftwelve,Igotanicebikeasabirthdaygift.十二岁时，我得到了一辆漂亮的自行车作为生日礼物。3.主语(subject)＋谓语(verb)＋间接宾语(indirectobject)＋直接宾语(directobject)句型特点：谓语动词后接有两个宾语，这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者，其中指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时，其前通常需要加介词for或to。MrGreenwillgiveusaspeechonhowtolearnEnglishwell.格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们作一场报告。4.主语(subject)＋谓语(verb)＋宾语(object)＋宾补(complement)句型特点：谓语动词后虽然已接有一个宾语，