2022年河南省焦作市县级中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题

PAGE11河南省焦作市县级中学2021-2022学年上学期高二期末考试英语试卷时间：120分钟总分：150分注意事项：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（阅读题）和第Ⅱ卷（表达题）两部分。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题上无效。第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,滿分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AThereareanumberofsportswriterswhoarenowwidelyregardedassomeofthebestsportsjournalistsofourtime.Herearefiveofthemostwell-knownsportswriters.RickReillyofSportsIllustratedRickReillybecamefamousasthebackpagecolumnist(专栏作家)forSportsIllustratedmagazine.ThenhemovedtoESPNin2008andbeganworkingasacolumnistfortheirwebsite—ESPN.com.NowhehashisownshowwithESPN,andhealsocontributesarticlestoABCsports.BobRyanofTheBostonGlobeBobRyanrosethroughtheranksthankstohisskillandknowledgeaboutbasketball.Heverysoonbecameknownasaguruofthesport,writinganimpressivelylargenumberofarticlesaboutTheBostonCeltics—aNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)teambasedinBoston,Massachusetts.JohnFeinsteinofTheWashingtonPostJohnFeinsteinisprimarilyacolumnistwithTheWashingtonPostbutduringhislongcareerhehaspublishedtwobest-sellingsportsbooksAGoodWalkSpoiledandASeasonontheBrink.HeisaregularwiththeGolfChannelandhasaverypopularblogcalledFeinsteinontheBrink.JoaquinHensonofThePhilippineStarJoaquinHensonstartedouthissportsjournalismcareerin1973andbecamepopularthroughhiscolumnSportingChance,whichhasbeenpublishedinThePhilippineStarsincethe80’s.Hehasgivenanumberofcatchynicknamestosomeofthemostfamoussportingstarsofourtime.WilliamRhodenofTheNewYorkTimesApartfrombeingacolumnistwithTheNewYorkTimessincethe80’s,WilliamRhodenisarespectedsportsjournalistknownforhistwobooksFortyMillionDollarSlavesandThirdandaMile.Bothbooksdealwiththeproblemsthatfaceblackathletesinthefieldofsport.21.BeforeworkingforESPN,RickReilly_____.A.wasaregularwiththeGolfChannel B.startedhiscolumnSportingChanceC.wrotearticlesforSportsIllustrated D.workedasasportstalkshowhost22.BothJohnFeinsteinandWilliamRhoden_____.A.haveworkedaswritersfortenyears B.workascolumnistsandwritebooksC.liketogivenicknamestosportingstars D.areknownascolumnistsforABCsports23.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Usefultipsforasportsjournalist B.HowtobeanewspapercolumnistC.NewspapersthatinfluenceusalotD.FamousandpopularsportswritersB54-year-oldAbdulhasaspecialjob.Hehasbeenworkingasalivingstatue(活体雕像)foroverthreedecades,standingperfectlystillforsixhoursadayandresistingpeople’sattemptstomakehimmoveorsmile,anythingthatprovesheisalivingperson.Abdul,knownas“India’sStatueMan”,hasbeenperforminghisdailyroutineeversince1985,soonaftergettingajobasasecurityguard.HisbosshadrecentlytraveledtotheUK,wherehewassoimpressedbythestatue-likemembersoftheRoyalGuardoutsideBuckinghamPalacethathewantedtodosomethingsimilarbackhome.Sohehadhisguardsreceivethreemonthsoftraining,wheretheywouldsitperfectlystillforaroundfourhours.Theyweren’tallowedtotalkorsmile,eat,drink,orevenshooawayaflyifitsatontheirfaces.Intheend,Abdulprovedthebestofthegroup,sohegotthestrangejob.Abdulisn’ttheonlypersonintheworldactingasalivingstatue,butwhatmakeshimspecialisthefactthathecandoitforaslongassixhourswithoutevenblinkinghiseyes.Once,a$155prizewasputupforanyonewhocanmakehimmoveamuscle.Buttryastheymight,noonehaseversucceeded.Actually,Abdultriestomoveaboutasmuchashecaninhissparetime,andonlyeatshealthyhome-cookedfood,tokeephisbodyinshape.Butheclaimsyogahasbeenthebiggesthelp.Inthe32years,AbdulhasbecomeafamouspersoninIndiaandotherAsiancountries.ManyBollywoodstarshavecometowitnessthislivingstatueandtrytofinallymakehimmove,butnonehavesucceeded.Abdulearnsabout10,000rupees($156)amonth,whichisenoughtosupporthisfamily,butdefinitelynotenoughtoencouragehischildrentofollowinhisfootsteps.It’sjusttoostressfulandtaxingonthebody.“Despiteallthehardshipandhealthproblems,IlovemyjobandIamthankfultopeoplefortheloveandrespecttheyhaveshoweredonme”hesays,“Whenthetimecomes,Iwanttodieplayingastatue.”24.WhatisAbdul’sdailyroutine?A.Provingtobealivingperson. B.Performingasalivingstatue.C.Smilingathiscustomers. D.Keepinghisbodyinshape.25.WhycouldAbdulgetthestrangejobgivenbyhisboss?A.Hehadhisspecialambition. B.Hewasmostfamiliarwiththejob.C.Hestoodoutamongthegroup. D.Heknewthebossmorethanothers.26.WhatdoesAbduldoinhissparetime?A.Heeatsalotofsnacks. B.Hepracticesyogafor12hoursaday.C.Hecooksforhisfamily. D.Healwaysmovesalot.27.HowdoesAbdulfeelabouthisjobaccordingtothetext?A.It’ssatisfying.B.It’soverpaid. C.It’sboring. D.It’sinstructive.CAnItaliancompanyhastoldstafftostopsendinganyinternal(内部)emailsforaweekinanefforttoreducestresslevels.HometextilescompanyGabel,basedinthenorthernComoregion,appointedanexperttointerviewitsemployeesaboutwhattheirmainconcernswereatwork,thelocalLaProvinciadiComowebsitereports.Manysaidthatmanagingthehugevolumeofinternalemailswasaburdenduringtheworkingday.Thatpushedthecompany’smanagementtoproposeasolution,which--somewhatironically--wassenttoallstaffinanemail.“Togetherwewillbeginthefollowingexperiment,whichwilltakeusbackintimetowhenpeopletalkedmore,”managingdirectorEmilioColombowrote,declaringan“email-free”weekuntil13November.“Weinviteyounottouseemailforinternalcommunications(betweencolleaguesatthesamelocation),infavorofamoredirectandimmediatecontact.”Thecompany’spresident,MicheleMoltrasio,tellstheBBCithasn’tbeeneasytostopsuchan“ingrained”practice,temporarily,butthatemployeeshavewelcomedthechallenge.“Theyarerediscoveringthepleasureofmeetingandtalkingratherthanwriting,”hesays.AndthatincludesMr.Moltrasio,whoisavoidingemailsalongwitheveryoneelse.“Eveniffromnextweekweallgobacktousingemail,thesedaysofexperimentationareveryworthwhile,tounderstandandrethinkthemethodsandpaceofworking,”hesays.Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatahighvolumeofemailsraisesstresslevelsatwork.In2013,researcherssaidthatafullinboxledtopeaksinpeople’sbloodpressureandheartrate.Andlastyear,astudyattheUniversityofBritishColumbiafoundthatlimitingemailuseduringthedayloweredpeople’sstresslevels“significantly.”28.WhatdidanItaliancompanydotoreduceitsemployees’pressureatwork?A.Askitsemployeesnottosendemailsanymore.B.Launchacampaigntostopusingemailstemporarily.C.Askexpertstodesignanewwayofcommunication.D.Interviewemployeesabouttheirconcernsatwork.29.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninparagraph4?A.Deep-rooted.B.Highly-praised.C.Newly-released.D.Commonly-seen.30.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Emailshavebeenanoutdatedmeansofcommunicationinthecompany.B.Employeesdon’tcommunicatewitheachothersodirectlyastheydidinthepast.C.Itisquiteeasyforemployeestostopusingemails.D.Employees’workingstressisduetothelargenumberofemailstheydealwitheveryday.31.Whatistheemployees’attitudetowardsthissolution?A.Negative.B.Supportive.C.Doubtful.D.Reserved.DRoboticsurgeryisonething,butsendingarobotinsidethebodytocarryoutanoperationisquiteanother,whichhaslongbeenagoalofsomeresearcherstoproducetinyroboticdevicesbeingcapableoftravelingthroughthebodytodeliverdrugsortomakerepairswithouttheneedforasinglecut,thepossibilityofwhichhasjustgotabitcloser.However,unliketheplotofonefilm—whichfeaturedamicroscopiccrewandsubmarinetravelingthroughascientist’sbloodstream—thisdevicecouldnotbeputintobloodvesselsbecauseitistoobig.Whileothertypesofminiatureswallowablerobotshavebeendevelopedinthepast,theirrolehasmostlybeenlimitedtocapturingimagesinsidethebody.InapresentationthisweektotheInternationalConference,DanielaRusandShuheiMiyashitaoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydescribedarobottheyhavedevelopedthatcanbeswallowedandusedtocollectdangerousobjectsaccidentallytakenin.Totesttheirlatestversion,Dr.RusandDr.Miyashitadesignedarobotasabatteryhunter,whichmightseemtobeanoddtask,butmorethan3,500peopleinAmericaalone,mostofthemchildren,swallowthetinybuttoncellsusedinsmallelectronicdevicesbyaccidenteveryyear.Tostartwith,theresearcherscreatedanartificialesophagus(食道)andstomachmadeoutofsilicone.Itwascloselymodeledonthatfoundinapigandfilledwithmedicalliquid;therobotitselfismadefromseverallayersofdifferentmaterials,includingpigintestine(肠),andcontainsalittlemagnet.Thisisfoldedupandwrappedina10mm×27mmcapsuleofice.Oncethisreachesthestomach,theicemeltsandtherobotunfoldswhichismovedandguidedwiththeuseofamagneticfieldoutsidethebody.Intheirtests,therobotwasabletotouchabuttonbatteryanddrawitwithitsownmagnet,andduringdraggingitalong,therobotcouldthenbedirectedtowardstheintestineswhereitwouldeventuallybegottenridofthroughtheanus(肛门).Afterit,theresearcherssentinanotherrobotloadedwithmedicationtodeliverittothesiteofthebatterybumtospeeduphealing.Theartificialstomachbeingtransparent(透明的)ononeside,theresearcherscanseethebatteriesandvisuallycontroltherobots.Ifnot,thatwillrequirehelpwiththehelpfromimagingsystem,whichwillbeabitmoreofachallenge,butDr.RusandDr.Miyashitaaredeterminedtosucceed.32.Accordingtothepassage,therobotoperationwillprobablybeableto________. A.travelthroughascientist'sbloodstreamB.photographthebodytoconveytothedoctorC.enterthebodytodeliverdrugsormakerepairsD.operateonapersonoutsidethebodycompletely33.WelearnfromParagraph3that________.A.theresearchersdidtheexperimentonachosenanimalB.therobottooknecessarydrugsbesidesalittlemagnetC.digestingtheswallowedbatteriesisdifficultforchildrenD.theactualsizeoftherobotmaybelargerthanthecapsuleofice34.Whatmaytheexperimentmeantothemedicalworld?A.Thesurgerieswillcostpatientsmuchmoney.B.Patientswillsufferlessforsomesurgeries.C.Fewerchildrenwillswallowthebuttoncells.D.Arobotwillbeinventedtravellingbloodvessels.35.Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AnExperimentonRobotB.TinyRobot,SignificantRoleC.TheFantasticRoboticVoyageD.TheExplorationofRobotTechnology第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhoWritesthePresident’sSpeeches?ThepresidentoftheUnitedStatesmustbeanorator.ThepresidentgivesanannualaddressontheStateoftheUnionandspeaksattheinaugurationandotherspecialevents.____36____InhisGettysburgAddress,AbrahamLincolnspokefewerthan300words,butthosewordshavebecomememorable.FranklinD.Rooseveltsetthestandardforlaterpresidentsinhis30“firesidechats”,whichairedontheradioanddealtwiththeGreatDepressionandWorldWarII.BeginningwithGeorgeWashington,Americanpresidentsoftensoughtassistancewiththecontentandwordingoftheirspeeches,althoughtheymayhavedonethewritingthemselves.____37_____ThefirstPresidenttoassignthetaskofspeech-writingtoanassistant,however,wasCalvinCoolidge(1923-1929),thelaconicpresidentwhosenicknamewas“SilentCal”.Theassistant’snamewasJudsonWelliver.(Today,thereisabipartisanorganizationforformerpresidentialspeech-writers,theJudsonWelliverSociety.)Sincethemiddleofthetwentiethcentury,theroleofsuchspeech-writershasexpanded;theExecutivebranchnowincludesanOfficeofSpeech-writingaspartofitsDepartmentofCommunications,Speech-writingandMediaAffairs.____38____Inhisinauguralspeech,JohnF.KennedyurgedAmericans“Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou--askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry”.GeorgeH.W.Bush,inhisinauguralspeech,imaginedcommunityvolunteersandorganizationsas“athousandpointsoflight”.39Theprocessofdraftingapresidentialspeechislongandcomplicated,anddifferentpresidentsmakedifferentcontributions.Somewritelargepartsofthetextandinvitecriticismfromassistantsandadvisers;othersaskspeech-writerstodraftaspeechinitsentirety,andthentheyeditittotheirownsatisfaction.____40_____Thefinalproduct,whatevertheprocess,must“sound”likethepersonwhospeaksthewords.Asonespeechwriterrecentlysaid,“Ourconcernwasnottowriteragoodspeech,buttowriteagoodspeechthatisalsohisspeech.”A.PresidentialspeechesareapartofAmericanhistory.B.Excellentwritingskillsareasavailableinbusinessastheyareingovernment.C.Astimewenton,theparticularexpertiseofprofessionalwritersbecamemoreandmoreimportant.D.Whenpeoplehearapresidentspeak,theyrarelythinkaboutothershelpingtoshapethepresentation.E.Itisthewriter,moreover,whooftendraftsthememorablewordsbywhichthepublicidentifiesamodernpresident.F.Inanycase,speech-writingisaback-and-forthprocessinvolvingspecialistsinthesubjectareaaddressed,thepresident’spersonaladvisers,and(ofcourse)thepresident.G.Bothofthesephrasesoriginatewiththegiftedmenandwomenwhoworkedasthepresident’sspeech-writers.第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Childreneverywhereenjoyplayingwithtoys.Atoycanbeasimpleball,agame,41anexpensivemachinethatusesthelatesttechnology.42agomosttoysweremadefromwoodandcloth.Todaythemostcommon43isplastic.Toysdatebacktoancienttimes.Scientistsoften44toyswhentheydigupoldruins.These45ancientballs,dolls,tops,andboats.Theyhave46dugupgamepieces.Thesepiecesshowpeoplehave47gamessimilartochess,checkers,andbackgammonforthousandsofyears.Many48,frombothancientandmoderntimes,49objectsfromtheadultworld.50childrengrowtheyoftenimitateadultsintheirplay.They51toysmodeledafterthingsthatadultsuseineverydaylife.52,achildinancientEgyptmighthaveplayedwithasmallwoodencamel.Achildintoday'sworldmight53atoycaroratoytelephone.Themoderntoyindustryisaverybigbusiness.54toysarestillcommon.Butmanycompaniesproducetoysthatrunonbatteries(电池).Othertoys55thelatestelectronicandcomputertechnology.Thetoybusinessischallenging,56,becausefashionsquicklycomeandgo.Atoylovedbychildrentodaymay57losepopularity.Safetyisanother58fortoymakers.Mosttoypackagingincludessafetywarnings.These59warnaboutsuchthingsassmallobjectsthataveryyoung60couldswallow(吞咽).41.A.and B.or C.yet D.nor42.A.Days B.Weeks C.Months D.Years43.A.material B.problem C.word D.name44.A.protect B.find C.collect D.fix45.A.pickup B.developinto C.include D.produce46.A.also B.still C.just D.again47.A.studied B.changed C.discussed D.played48.A.games B.toys C.pieces D.ruins49.A.coverup B.looklike C.affect D.become50.A.Though B.Since C.Unless D.As51.A.share B.remember C.enjoy D.take52.A.Forexample B.Atfirst C.Inaddition D.Asusual53.A.create B.trust C.have D.discover54.A.Soft B.Simple C.Electronic D.Educational55.A.need B.offer C.test D.use56.A.however B.instead C.anyhow D.moreover57.A.often B.even C.soon D.once58.A.chance B.promise C.concern D.surprise59.A.ads B.adults C.companies D.messages60.A.maker B.child C.shopper D.beginner第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesepeoplearewithoutdoubttheoneswhobestunderstandthenatureoftea.Weattachgreatimportance__61.___teainChineseculture.WhilerecordsofteainChineseliteraturegobacktoabout5,000yearsago,thebeginningoftea’suseas__62.___kindofdrinkisunclear.Atfirst,teawasvaluedforitsmedicalqualities.Ithaslongbeenknownthatteahelpsdigestion(消化),__63.___iswhymanyChinesewouldlike___64.__(drink)itaftertheirmeal.Therisingofteadrinkingtoanartform___65.__(begin)inthe8thcentury,withthepublicationofLuYu’sTheClassicofTea.Hisworkcontainedseveralusefultipsfor___66.__(produce)tea,manyofwhicharestillinusetoday.InthecenturiesfollowingthepublicationofLuYu’swork,tea’spopularityspread___67.__(rapid)throughoutChina.Notonlydidteadrinkingbecomeafittingsubjectforbooksandpoems,buttherichpresentedteaas___68.__(gift)tofriendsandguests.Later,teahousesstartedtospreadalloverthecountry.WhiletheChinesehaveneverdevelopedan___69.__(office)ceremony(礼仪)surroundingteadrinkingliketheJapaneseteaceremony,theyhaverespectfor___70.__(it)roleintheirdailylives.第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改