云南省大理市白族自治州2024届高三下学期二模英语试题 含解析

第1页/共1页大理州2024届高中毕业生第二次复习统一检测英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置贴好条形码。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFamilydynamicsintheanimalkingdomareasdifferentastheanimalsthemselves.Intheanimalworld,thereareadvantagestobegainedfrombeingpartofanextendedfamily.ChimpanzeesChimpanzeesaretheworld’slargestlivingprimates.Thesecreaturesarepeace-lovingandmaylivetogetherforalifetime.Thedominantmalehasmanywiveswhomaystaywithhimformostoftheirlives,whichcancauseeverydayconflicts.Itisthemalewhosettlestheconflictsbyawarningstareorhittingthebackoftheoffenders’heads.ElephantsFemalessticktogetherintheelephantworld,livinginherdsunderastateswoman.Theexperienceandknowledgeofthiselderone,whomaybe60-years-old,areofgreatbenefit.Shewillremember,forexample,thelocationofwaterholesandseasonalfoodsupplies.Intimesofdanger,thegroupbunchesaroundtheyounganditisthestateswomanwhodecideswhethertofleeorconfrontthethreat.LionsLionsaretheonlycatstoliveinalargefamilygroup,guardedbyapairofpowerfulmales.Familylifeisrelativelyharmoniousandbabylionsmaybefedbyanymotherwithmilk,soorphanedbabiesdonotstarve.Malesliveinthewildernessforsomeyearsbeforeseekingtheirownpridebychallengingresidentmalesinabloodybattle.Themalelionprotectshispridefromothermalesandenemies.Ostriches(鸵鸟)Ostrichestravelinbandsof10-50individuals,themostremarkablebirdsbeingtheeight-foot-tallmales.Thelargestbirdsintheworld,ostrichescannotfly,butrunfast.Thewivesofthemaleostrichallputtheireggsinthesamenest.Aprimaryfemalewillthenjointhemaletohatch(孵化)theeggsandshewillpushawayothereggsontheoutsidetoensureherownareinthemiddle.1.Howisanelephantherddifferentfromotherthreeanimalgroups?A.Theleadershouldbetheoldestandexperienced.B.Thenumberoftheanimalsinaherdmustbelarge.C.Anexperiencedfemaleelephantdominatestheherd.D.Theywillprotecttheiryoungwhentheyareindanger.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrect?A.Babylionsoftengohungryastheycan’thunt.B.Afemaleandamaleostricheshatcheggsjointly.C.Elephantsremembereveryplacetheyhavebeento.D.Thefemalechimpanzeeleadersettlesdailyconflicts.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Asciencefiction.C.Acourseplan. D.Awildlifejournal.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动物王国中不同动物家庭结构的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Chimpanzees部分中“Thedominantmalehasmanywiveswhomaystaywithhimformostoftheirlives,whichcancauseeverydayconflicts.(占主导地位的雄性有很多妻子，这些妻子可能会陪伴他一生的大部分时间，这可能会导致日常冲突)”、Elephants部分中“Femalessticktogetherintheelephantworld,livinginherdsunderastateswoman.(在大象的世界里，雌象团结在一起，在女领袖的领导下群居)”、Lions部分中“Lionsaretheonlycatstoliveinalargefamilygroup,guardedbyapairofpowerfulmales.(狮子是唯一生活在大家庭中的猫科动物，由一对强大的雄性守护)”和Ostriches(鸵鸟)部分“Ostrichestravelinbandsof10-50individuals,themostremarkablebirdsbeingtheeight-foot-tallmales.(鸵鸟以10-50只为一群，最引人注目的是8英尺高的雄性)”可知，象群与其他三个动物群体不同之处是象群由一头经验丰富的母象统治。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Ostriches(鸵鸟)部分中“Aprimaryfemalewillthenjointhemaletohatch(孵化)theeggsandshewillpushawayothereggsontheoutsidetoensureherownareinthemiddle.(一只主要的雌性会和雄性一起孵化蛋，她会推开外面的其他蛋，以确保自己的蛋在中间)”可知，雌鸵鸟和雄鸵鸟一起孵蛋。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“Familydynamicsintheanimalkingdomareasdifferentastheanimalsthemselves.Intheanimalworld,thereareadvantagestobegainedfrombeingpartofanextendedfamily.(动物王国的家庭动态就像动物本身一样不同。在动物世界里，作为大家庭的一员是有好处的)”和下文内容可知，文章介绍了动物王国中不同动物的家庭结构，所以文章很可能出自野生动物杂志。故选D项。BJimCurrylightsastoveintheparkinglotofChristEpiscopalChurchinGuilford.It’llgetupto2,000degrees,hotenoughtosoftenthemetalofshotgunpartssotheycanbereshaped.Acrowdiswatching,andCurrypicksouta9-year-oldnamedOlivertohelphim.“Thisisreallymagic,”Currysays.“Rightbeforeyourveryeyes,you’regonnaseeOlivertransformthisgun,thisinstrumentofpotentialharm,intosomethingthatcouldneverbeaguneveragain.It’sgonnabeatrowel(泥铲),whichcouldbeusedtoplantflowersinagarden.”“Itisexciting,”Oliversays.“Ilovethefactthatyoucantakemetalthat’srandomandshapeitintosomethinguseful.”Curry,aretiredpriest,isaco-founderofSwordstoPlowshares(犁)Northeast,theorganizationputtingonthisevent,whichhelpspolicedepartmentsmanagetheirgunbuybackprogramsandrepurposetheweaponsintogardeningtools.Thefinishedtoolsaredonatedtocommunitygardensandagriculturalhighschoolsandtheharvestedvegetablesdonatedtosoupkitchensandhomelessshelters,accordingtothegroup’swebsite.RetiredpriestMaryAnnfirstvolunteeredwithSwordstoPlowshareswhenafamilymemberfellvictimtogunviolence.Shehelpscollectgunsthroughpolicebuybacks.“Whenthere’ssuchdespairnowinourcountry,peopleneedtoknowthatwecanchange.Thereishope,”shesays.Currywearsaconstantreminderofthathopearoundhisneck.It’stwolargepiecesofmetalmoldedintotheshapeofacross.“It’smadeoutofpiecesofanAK-47usedforkilling”,hesays.“ButGod’slovebreaksitapart,reshapesit,thentransformsitintothesignofgreatesthope—thecross.Andthat’swhyIwearit.”4.WhatdoCurryandOliverdointheparkinglot?A.Theymeasurethetemperatureofahotstove.B.Theydomagictricksinfrontofmanypeople.C.Theyturnwhat’sthreateningintowhat’suseful.D.Theydoexperimentsonhowtomakeusefultools.5.Wherecanyoufindthereshapedtoolsfromthetext?A.Inhomelessshelters. B.Insomefamousgardens.C.Inagriculturalhighschools. D.Inkitchensofthecommunity.6.WhatcanbeinferredfromMarryAnn’swords?A.Shefeelsdesperateasshelostherbelovedone.B.Hercountrymaybeunderthreatfromgunviolence.C.Shewilldosomethingsignificanttorescuetheworld.D.Herfamilymemberwaskilledbecauseofgunviolence.7.WhatcanyoulearnaboutCurryfromthelastparagraph?A.Hemadethecrossallbyhimself.BHiscrossisaweaponusedtokill.C.Thecrossremindshimtoreshapemoretools.D.Thecrossrepresentshishopeforabetterlife.【答案】4.C5.C6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一位名叫吉姆·柯里的退休神父和他所创办的组织“SwordstoPlowsharesNortheast”举办的活动。在这个活动中，他们通过将枪支重新加工成园艺工具，将暴力武器转化为有益社会的事物，从而带来积极影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“JimCurrylightsastoveintheparkinglotofChristEpiscopalChurchinGuilford.It’llgetupto2,000degrees,hotenoughtosoftenthemetalofshotgunpartssotheycanbereshaped.(吉姆·库里在吉尔福德基督圣公会教堂的停车场点燃炉子。温度可达2000度，足以融化猎枪零件的金属以便重新塑造)”和第二段中“Rightbeforeyourveryeyes,you’regonnaseeOlivertransformthisgun,thisinstrumentofpotentialharm,intosomethingthatcouldneverbeaguneveragain.It’sgonnabeatrowel(泥铲),whichcouldbeusedtoplantflowersinagarden.(就在你眼前，你会看到奥利弗把这把枪，这把潜在的伤害工具，变成了永远不会再是枪的东西。这是一把泥铲，可以用来在花园里种花)”可知，库里和奥利弗在停车场融化具有威胁的枪支，把它们变成有用的劳动工具。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thefinishedtoolsaredonatedtocommunitygardensandagriculturalhighschools(制作完成的工具被捐赠给社区花园和农业高中)”可知，重新铸造的工具可以在农业高中找到。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中MaryAnn的话“Whenthere’ssuchdespairnowinourcountry,peopleneedtoknowthatwecanchange.Thereishope,(当我们的国家现在如此绝望时，人们需要知道我们可以改变。还有希望)”中“there’ssuchdespairnowinourcountry”可推知，她的国家可能正受到来自枪支暴力的威胁。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““It’smadeoutofpiecesofanAK-47usedforkilling”,hesays.“ButGod’slovebreaksitapart,reshapesit,thentransformsitintothesignofgreatesthope—thecross.Andthat’swhyIwearit.”(他说：“它是用AK-47步枪的碎片做成的。但是上帝的爱把它拆开，重新塑造，然后把它变成最大希望的标志——十字架。这就是我戴它的原因。”)”可知，Curry的十字架是用AK-47步枪的碎片做成，Curry认为它象征着杀戮可以转变成爱。由此推知，Curry的十字架代表着他对美好生活的希望。故选D项。CWegrowup-unavoidably-withastrongattachmenttoaplanA,thatis,anideaofhowourliveswillgoandwhatweneedtodotoachieveourparticularsetofwell-definedgoals.Butthen,forsomeofusandatonelevelallofus,lifeturnsouttohavemadeafewotherplans.Asuddeninjuryputsacertaincareerforeveroutofreach.Asmallbutsignificanterrorchangeseverythingabouthowcrucialothersviewus.Andso,promptly,wefindwehavetogiveuponplanAaltogether,whichcanfeeldevastating.Wealternatelyweepandangerattheturnofevents.Itisforsuchmomentsthatweshouldconsideroneoflife’smostvitalskills:thatofdevelopingaplanB.ThefirstelementinvolvesfullyacknowledgingthatnoonegetsthroughlifewithalltheircarefulplanAs.PlanAssimplydonotworkoutallthetime.Somethingunexpected,shockingandhatefulregularlycomesalong,notonlytous,buttoallhumanbeings.Thefurtherpointistorealizethatweare,dspitemomentsofconfusion,absolutelycapableofdevelopingverysatisfactoryplanBs.Adultsaregoodatkeepingneedingtorefreshinourmindsanddrawingcomfortfrominanxiousmoments.Wehaveenormouscapacitiestoactandtoadapt.Perhapswe’llhavetoleavetownforever,maybewe’llhavetoresignanoccupationwespentadecadenurturing-untilwerediscoverourpotentialplanBmuscle.Inreality,therewouldbeapossibilitytorelocate,tostartafreshinanotherfield,toturnaroundtheterribleevent.Therewasnoonescriptforuswrittenatourbirth,andnordoesthereneedtobeonlyonegoingforward.Crucially,wedon’tneedtoknowrightnowwhatourplaBsmightbeoranticipateeveryfrustrationthatmightcomeourway;weshouldsimplyfeelconfidentthat,weretheuniversetocommandit,wewouldknowhowtofindaverydifferentpath.8.What’sthefunctionoftheopeningparagraph?A.Toarousethinking.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Todefineaconcept.D.Tosetthebackground.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninthesecondparagraph?A.Disastrous.B.Indifferent.C.Entertaining.D.Relaxing.10.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.WemustbeblamedforhavingtomakeaplanB.B.Therewillbeonlyonescriptforuswritteninlife.C.Adultsareanadaptablespeciestotackleproblems.D.PlanBsareactuallysuperiortoplanAsallthetime.11.Thebeststructureofthispassageis________.A.B.C.D.DAnyonekeentoviewfromonhightheprosperouscityscapeofGuangdongmaysooncandosofromthecabinofaflyingtaxi.OnOctober13ththeCivilAviation(航空)AdministrationofChina(CAAC)awardeda“typecertificate”totheworld’sfirstelectricverticaltake-offandlanding(eVTOL)taxi.Andthesmalltwo-seater,calledtheEH216-S,wasalsopermittedtoflywithoutapilotonboard.TheEH216-SismadebyEHang,acompanybasedinGuangdong.Itlookslikealargeconsumerdronewithapassengerbubbleinstalledontop.Propulsion(推动力)isprovidedby16smallrotors(转子),installedonthetipsofeightarmsthatfoldawaywhenthevehicleisnotinuse,allowingittoparkinsmallspaces.TheCAACgaveitsapprovalafterEHanghadconductedmorethan40,000testflights,includingwithvolunteerpassengersin18citiesacrossChina.ItalsomonitoredtheEH216-Stostructuralanalysisandcrashtests,andcheckeditsabilitytokeepflyingifoneofitsrotorsfails.Regulators(监管机构)alsoinspectedthewirelessnetworkEHangusestolinkitsflyingtaxistoacontrolcentreontheground.Thatallowsbackuppilotstolandanaircraftbyremotecontrolifthereisaproblem.EHangsaysitspilotlesseVTOLswillbequieterthanhelicoptersandmuchcheapertooperate,thankstotheabilitytoswapoutanexpensivepilotforasecondpayingpassenger.Thefirmalsothinksthatdoingawaywithpilotswillmakethingssafer.Acomputer’sattentionneverswings,anditsreactionoperateatahighspeed.Anditismucheasiertoautomatethandriving,fortherearefewerbarriersandunexpectedsituationstonavigate.EHanghasambitionsbeyondChina,too.IthascarriedoutdemonstrationflightsinAmèricaandEuropewiththeaimofobtainingtypecertificatesinbothmarkets.Buttheirregulatorsbothhavesignalledthattheywillallowautonomousflightsonlyafterthevehicleshaveprovedthemselvessafeinhumanhands.8.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesEH216-S?A.EH216-Shasahighsafetyfactorthanpilotdriving.B.EH216-Srequiresthepilotstolandbyremotecontrol.C.EH216-Stakingismoreexpensiveduetoautomation.D.EH216-Slookslikeaconsumerdronewithfoldablerotors.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thefirmhasgainedtypecertificatesinbothmarkets.B.Thetwocountries’regulatorsarelikelytobecareless.C.Ehangisnotaloneinexpandingtheoverseasmarkets.D.Ehangmaymakemoreeffortstogetwidelyrecognized.10.Whichisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thetestofpilotlessaircrafts.B.Thehistoryoftwoseatsandnopilot.CTheadvantagesofpilotlessflyingtaxi.D.Theapprovaloftheworld’sfirstflyingtaxi.11.What’stheattitudeofauthortowardsEH216-S?A.Favorable. B.Objective. C.Negative. D.Critical.【答案】8.D9.D10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国广东省一家名为亿航智能的公司制造的世界上第一架电动垂直起降出租车EH216-S，该车获得了中国民航局颁发的“型号证书”，允许无人驾驶。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itlookslikealargeconsumerdronewithapassengerbubbleinstalledontop.Propulsion(推动力)isprovidedby16smallrotors(转子),installedonthetipsofeightarmsthatfoldawaywhenthevehicleisnotinuse,allowingittoparkinsmallspaces.(它看起来像一架大型消费级无人机，顶部安装了一个乘客舱。动力由16个小转子提供，安装在8个臂的顶端，当车辆不使用时，可以折叠起来，允许它停在小空间)”可知，Eh216-3看起来像一架可折叠旋翼的消费级无人机。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“EHanghasambitionsbeyondChina,too.IthascarriedoutdemonstrationflightsinAmèricaandEuropewiththeaimofobtainingtypecertificatesinbothmarkets.Buttheirregulatorsbothhavesignalledthattheywillallowautonomousflightsonlyafterthevehicleshaveprovedthemselvessafeinhumanhands.(亿航在中国以外也有野心。它已在美洲和欧洲进行了示范飞行，目的是在这两个市场获得型号证书。但两国的监管机构都表示，只有在车辆被证明在人类手中是安全的之后，他们才会允许自动飞行)”可知，亿航要想在美洲和欧洲获得型号证书必须先证明EH216-S在人类手中是安全，由此推知，亿航要想获得广泛认可，可能还要做出更多努力。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“AnyonekeentoviewfromonhightheprosperouscityscapeofGuangdong,maysooncandosofromthecabinofaflyingtaxi.OnOctober13ththeCivilAviation(航空)AdministrationofChina(CAAC)awardeda“typecertificate”totheworld’sfirstelectricverticaltake-offandlanding(eVTOL)taxi.Andthesmalltwo-seater,calledtheEH216-S,wasalsopermittedtoflywithoutapilotonboard.(任何渴望从高处俯瞰广东繁华城市景观的人，可能很快就可以在飞行出租车的机舱里实现这一目标了。10月13日，中国民用航空局(CAAC)为世界上第一辆电动垂直起降(eVTOL)出租车颁发了“型号证书”。这架名为EH216-S的小型双座飞机也被允许在没有飞行员的情况下飞行)”可知，文章主要报道了世界上第一架电动垂直起降出租车EH216-S获得了中国民航局颁发的“型号证书”，允许无人驾驶。所以“Theapprovaloftheworld’sfirstflyingtaxi.(世界上第一辆飞行出租车获批)”是文章主要内容。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“AnyonekeentoviewfromonhightheprosperouscityscapeofGuangdong,maysooncandosofromthecabinofaflyingtaxi.(任何渴望从高处俯瞰广东繁华城市景观的人，可能很快就可以在飞行出租车的机舱里实现这一目标了)”和第三段中“EHangsaysitspilotlesseVTOLswillbequieterthanhelicoptersandmuchcheapertooperate,thankstotheabilitytoswapoutanexpensivepilotforasecondpayingpassenger.(亿航表示，它的无人驾驶evtol将比直升机更安静，而且运营成本要低得多，因为它可以用另一名付费乘客取代一名昂贵的飞行员)”可知，文中作者描述了EH216-S带来的好处和优势，并未提及它的缺点。由此推知，作者对EH216-s持赞许的态度。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Noteveryoneisexcitedaboutbirthdays.Therearemanypeopleouttherewhoneverfeelexcitedaboutit.____12____Goingtooffice,wrestlingwithcrowdedpublictransport,havinglunchinsetduration,everythinggoeswiththenormalroutine.____13____Whatexactlymakesthemfeelnothingspecialonthedayoftheirbith?Thismaybecommoninthosewhoareintheir50’s,60’s,or70’s...Forsomepeopleinthisage,lifebecomesajourneythatisgoingonandonandonatafasterpace.Theyfeellikelosingcontroloftheirtimeandeverypassingyeardoublesthefearofdyingsoon.Thisisnotgoodasitisnegative.____14____Somepeopledonotliketocometothenoticeofothersduetoanypossiblereasononthisearth.Youmayfeelamazedaboutthisnature.Buttheyliketoremainaspartofthecrowd.____15____Becausetheybringpeopleinsuddenattention.Theyprefertoremainsilentandfollowthenormalroutineofdailylife.Herecomesanotherpartofthepopulationthatthinksitisawasteofmoney.____16____Thisalsoincludespeoplewhoareindebtandhavemultipleobligations.Forinstance,mostlyamessofshort-termdebtscontributestoactstrangelyandexpenserestriction.Insteadofaimingforaperfectday,setrealisticexpectationsforyourbirthday.A.Theydon’tlikeiteither.B.Buttheycan’thelpdoingso.C.Birthdaysarecontrarytothisfeeling.D.Whatmakesthemactsoindifferentafterall?E.Everyonewantstoknowtheplansofthebirthday.F.Theydonotspendonthosewhodonothelpearnmoney.G.Nothingintheirroutinechangesinthenameofcelebration.【答案】12.G13.D14.B15.C16.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是为什么有的人不热衷于庆祝生日。【12题详解】空前“Therearemanypeopleouttherewhoneverfeelexcitedaboutit.(有很多人从来没有为此感到兴奋过。)”说明了很多人不为生日感到兴奋，空后“Goingtooffice,wrestlingwithcrowdedpublictransport,havinglunchinsetduration,everythinggoeswiththenormalroutine.(上班，挤拥挤的公共交通，在规定的时间内吃午饭，一切都是正常的。)”说明这些不为生日感到兴奋的人在生日时的日常常规没有改变，空格处是承上启下，应该说这些人并不会为了生日而改变什么，G选项“Nothingintheirroutinechangesinthenameofcelebration.(他们的日常生活没有以庆祝的名义发生任何变化)”说明了这些人的日常生活没有改变，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。【13题详解】空后“Whatexactlymakesthemfeelnothingspecialonthedayoftheirbith?(到底是什么让他们在出生的那天没有什么特别的感觉？)”发出疑问，是什么让他们生日时没有特别的感觉，空格处也应该是一个相类似的疑问，D选项“Whatmakesthemactsoindifferentafterall?(到底是什么让他们表现得如此冷漠？)”发出了疑问，问是什么让这些人对生日冷漠，引起后文，符合语境，故选D。【14题详解】空前“Theyfeellikelosingcontroloftheirtimeandeverypassingyeardoublesthefearofdyingsoon.Thisisnotgoodasitisnegative.(他们觉得自己失去了对时间的控制，每过一年，对死亡的恐惧就会增加一倍。这并不好，因为它是消极的。)”说明了这些人对生日的这种感觉是消极的，空格处应该对这个情况进行评论或分析，B选项“Buttheycan’thelpdoingso.(但他们忍不住要这么做。)”说明虽然他们对生日的感觉是消极的，但是他们忍不住，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。【15题详解】空前“Somepeopledonotliketocometothenoticeofothersduetoanypossiblereasononthisearth.Youmayfeelamazedaboutthisnature.Buttheyliketoremainaspartofthecrowd.(在这个世界上，由于任何可能的原因，有些人不喜欢引起别人的注意。你可能会对这种天性感到惊讶。但他们喜欢留在人群中。)”说明他们不喜欢引起别人的注意，空后“Becausetheybringpeopleinsuddenattention.Theyprefertoremainsilentandfollowthenormalroutineofdailylife.(因为他们会引起人们的突然注意。他们喜欢保持沉默，遵循正常的日常生活。)”说明他们在生日那天会引起人们的突然注意，和前面说的内容完全相反，空格处是承上启下，应该说“生日和这种感觉相反”，C选项“Birthdaysarecontrarytothisfeeling.(生日与这种感觉相反。)”说明了生日和前面描述的感觉相反，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。【16题详解】空前“Herecomesanotherpartofthepopulationthatthinksitisawasteofmoney.(又有一部分人认为这是浪费钱。)”说明有的人认为过生日是浪费钱，空格处也应该是说他们觉得庆祝生日浪费钱相关的内容，F选项“Theydonotspendonthosewhodonothelpearnmoney.(他们不会把钱花在那些没有帮助赚钱的人身上。)”说明他们不想把钱花在那些没有帮助赚钱的人身上，也就是不想浪费钱，承接了上文内容，符合语境，故选F。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfatherwasarestaurantowner.MynameisVincentLim.I’machefandrestaurantowner.RunningaChineserestaurantisoneofthehardestandmost____17____thingsinmylife.WhenwefirstarrivedinAustralia,mydad____18____aChineserestaurant.Iwouldgothereona____19____basistohelphimout.AndslowlyIdevelopedmy____20____forcooking.ThehardworkthatmydadputintoChinesefoodmakesmefeelsoproudthatIamluckyenoughtolearnfroma____21____ThefirstdishthatIeverlearnedtocookwasthefriedrice,whichistheeasiestbutalsothe____22____onetogetright.Fromyearsofexperience,Ican____23____youthedifferencebetweenagoodfriedricejustfromthefeelandfromthesmell,withouteventakingabite.TolotsofChineseimmigrantslikeus,therestaurantisn’tjustabusiness.It’sasenseof____24____.Thewokhei(锅气)____25____everyingredientinthewok,producinganappealingsmell.Thefragrancesofthefood_____26_____theairandlingeredaroundsomuchlonger.Thosememories,theybecomenostalgic(乡愁).Thesenseofhomeiswhatmakesa_____27_____gooddishtaste.In2017,mydadpassedaway.Irealizedthatmyloveofcookingdisheswasfrommychildhood.I_____28_____therestaurantthatIowntoday.Cookingwasa_____29_____waytomydad.Iwantedto_____30_____everythingthathetaughtme.Cooking_____31_____allthehardworkandmemoriesthatwehad.17.A.worthless B.valuable C.necessary D.unexpected18.A.supported B.found C.operated D.occupied19.A.regular B.solid C.seldom D.vital20.A.strength B.passion C.talent D.awareness21.A.chef B.owner C.coach D.master22.A.toughest B.worst C.busiest D.greatest23.A.taste B.achieve C.tell D.learn24.A.career B.urgency C.purpose D.affection25.A.generates B.delivers C.accompanies D.dismissed26.A.camefrom B.wentover C.wipedaway D.spreadacross27.A.impossibly B.straightly C.deliberately D.considerably28.A.shutdown B.tookover C.openedup D.dealtwith29.A.amusing B.striking C.connecting D.inspiring30.A.recall B.complete C.expect D.alter31.A.impresses B.perceives C.represents D.devotes【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B21.D22.A23.C24.D25.C26.D27.D28.B29.C30.A31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章回顾了作者童年在父亲经营的中国餐厅里度过的时光，以及他在厨艺上的成长和对父亲的怀念。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经营一家中餐馆是我一生中最难也是最有价值的事情之一。A.worthless无价值的；B.valuable有价值的；C.necessary必要的；D.unexpected意外的。根据第四段中“TolotsofChineseimmigrantslikeus,therestaurantisn’tjustabusiness.

”和最后一段中“Cookingwasa13waytomydad.Iwantedto14everythingthathetaughtme.Cooking15allthehardworkandmemoriesthatwehad.”可知，开餐馆做饭对作者来说不仅仅是一桩生意，有着更重要的意义，所以是最有价值的事情之一。故选B项。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们刚到澳大利亚的时候，我爸爸开了一家中餐馆。A.supported支持；B.found发现；C.operated经营；D.occupied占据。根据第一段中“Myfatherwasarestaurantowner.”可知，作者的爸爸在澳大利亚经营中餐馆。故选C项。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会定期去那里帮他。A.regular定期的；B.solid坚固的；C.seldom很少；D.vital至关重要的。根据下文“AndslowlyIdevelopedmy4forcooking.”可知，作者是定期去帮忙，所以才慢慢喜欢上了烹饪；onaregular basis“定期地，经常地”。故选A项。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我对烹饪产生了热情。A.strength力量；B.passion热情；C.talent天赋；D.awareness意识。根据下文“feelsoproudthatIamluckyenoughtolearnfroma5”可推知，作者慢慢喜欢上了烹饪，产生了热情，所以才会因为向爸爸学习烹饪感到自豪。故选B项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸在中国菜上付出的努力让我感到很自豪，我很幸运能向一位大师学习。A.chef厨师；B.owner主人；C.coach教练；D.master大师。根据上文“Myfatherwasarestaurantowner.”和“ThehardworkthatmydadputintoChinesefoodmakesmefeelsoproud”可知，作者的爸爸是一位潜心钻研厨艺的厨师，所以在作者眼中自己是在跟一位大师学习烹饪。故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我学会做的第一道菜是炒饭，这是最简单也是最难做的一道菜。A.toughest最艰难的；B.worst最差的；C.busiest最忙碌的；D.greatest最伟大的。根据转换连词“but”可推知，炒饭是最简单也是最难做的一道菜，toughes与easiest构成对比关系。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据多年的经验，我可以告诉你一个好的炒饭之间的区别，仅仅通过感觉和气味，甚至没有咬一口。A.taste品尝；B.achieve实现；C.tell告诉；D.learn学习。根据下文“...youthedifferencebetweenagoodfriedrice”可知，作者可以告诉你炒饭之间的区别；tellsb.sth.“告诉某人某事”。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种情感。A.career职业；B.urgency紧急性；C.purpose目的；D.affection情感。根据下文“Thefragrancesofthefood10theairandlingeredaroundsomuchlonger.Thosememories,theybecomenostalgic(乡愁).Thesenseofhomeiswhatmakesa11gooddishtaste.”可知，对于澳大利亚的华人移民来说，中餐馆不仅仅是生意，更代表的是对故乡的情感。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：锅气伴随着锅中的每一种食材，产生一种诱人的气味。A.generates生成；B.delivers递送；C.accompanies陪伴；D.dismissed解散。“锅气”是食用油在空中燃烧产生的那种独特烟熏香味和香气，它在炒菜过程中伴随着锅中的每一种食材。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：食物的香味在空气中弥漫，久久不散。A.camefrom来自；B.wentover检查；C.wipedaway擦去；D.spreadacross传播。根据下文“lingeredaround”可知，香气要弥漫开来，四处传播。故选D项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：家的感觉是做出一道非常好吃的菜的关键。A.impossibly不可能地；B.straightly直接地；C.deliberately故意地；D.considerably非常。根据上文“Thosememories,theybecomenostalgic(乡愁).Thesenseofhome...”可推知，乡愁和家的感觉会让菜尝起来非常好吃。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我接手了爸爸的餐馆，就是现在自己的餐厅。A.shutdown关闭；B.tookover接管；C.openedup开放；D.dealtwith处理。根据下文“Iowntoday”可知，作者接手了爸爸的中餐馆。故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：烹饪是我和爸爸建立联系的方式。A.amusing有趣的；B.striking引人注目的；C.connecting连接的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据上文“In2017,mydadpassedaway.”和下文“Iwantedto14everythingthathetaughtme.”可知，作者通过烹饪来回忆自己的爸爸，对他来说，这是一种与爸爸建立联系的方式。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想回忆起他教给我的一切。A.recall回忆；B.complete完成；C.expect期待；D.alter改变。根据下文“everythingthathetaughtme”可知，作者想要回忆起爸爸教的东西。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：烹饪代表了我们所有的努力和回忆。A.impresses给……留下深刻印象；B.perceives理解；C.represents代表；D.devotes献身。根据上文可知，烹饪是作者和爸爸建立联系的方式，结合下文“allthehardworkandmemoriesthatwehad”可知，烹饪代表了他和爸爸一起的努力和回忆。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InaspeciallydesignedstudiotheaterinHangzhou,alatestYuejuOperaproduction,NewDragonGateInnperformedbyXiaoBaiHuaOperatroupes(剧团),hasemerged____32____animmediatehit.Itnotonlyshowcasesatraditionalartformthatdefinitely____33____(deserve)moreattention,butalsowinsyoungeraudienceswhoareusuallynotopera-goers.Thenameoftheadaptedworkisthesameasthatofthe1992classicmartialartsfilm.____34____(wise),theShaoxingOperacapturestheinterestofayoungeraudiencebycombiningtraditionalChineseoperawithmoderntheatermodelsanddramaticconcepts.Theaudiencesitsveryclosetotheperformers,engagingwiththemandimmersingthemselvesin____35____uniqueandfascinatingviewingexperience.Throughhercross-dressedroleJiaTing,31-year-oldfemaleperformerChenLijunhassuddenlyrisentofameduetohergorgeousappearance,elegantair____36____skillfulperformance.AlivestreamoftheoperainAugustattractedmillionsofviewersandsparkedheateddiscussionsonline,____37____(earn)over14,000comments.Clipsofherperformances,suchasascene____38____sheeffortlesslyspinsthelandladyaroundwithjustonearm,wentviralonvarioussocialmedia____39____(platform).Inadditiontotheboldandinnovative____40____(adapt),themarketingapproachhasalsobeenanewexperimentthathasturnedoutsuccessful.Thisisapositivestepintherevivalofthisancientart.ThesuccessofNewDragonGateInnsignalsa_____41_____(promise)futureforothertraditionalChineseartforms.【答案】32.as33.deserves34.Wisely35.a36.and37.earning38.where39.platforms40.adaptation41.promising【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一部由小白花剧团演出的越剧新作《新龙门客栈》在杭州一特别设计的剧场中取得了巨大成功。该作品不仅展示了一种值得更多关注的传统艺术形式，还吸引了通常不去看戏的年轻观众。【32题详解】考查介词。句意：在杭州一个专门设计的工作室剧场里，小白花剧团演出的最新越剧作品《新龙门客栈》一出就引起了轰动。emergeas是固定搭配，意为“作为……崭露头角”，介词as意为“作为……”。故填as。【33题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它不仅展示了一种绝对值得更多关注的传统艺术形式，而且还赢得了通常不喜欢看歌剧的年轻观众。deserve是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词atraditionalartform)之间是主动关系，描述一般性实事用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填deserves。【34题详解】考查副词。句意：通过将中国传统戏剧与现代戏剧模式和戏剧理念相结合，绍剧巧妙地抓住了年轻