2022年江苏省镇江市第一中学高二下学期第二次月考英语试卷

2021-2022学年江苏省镇江市第一中学高二下学期第二次月考英语试卷注意：本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。两部分答案都做在答题卡上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASafetyandSecurityProceduresYoursafetyandthesecurityofyourpersonalpropertyareoftheprimaryconcerntothoseofuswhowelcomeyouasourguest.Weurgeyoutotakeadvantageofthefollowingsuggestions.YOURVEHICLELockyourvehicleanddonotleavemoneyorvaluableitemsinside.Wearenotresponsiblefortheirloss.TRAVELINGBeobservantwhensightseeingortraveling.Stayinwell-litandheavilytraveledareas.Don’tdisplaylargeamountsofcash.GUESTROOMSECURITYForadditionalsecurityusethedeadbolt(插锁)providedonyourdoorandmakesurethewindowsarelocked.Asanadditionalprecaution(预防措施),pleasesecurethesecondarylocksprovided.Donotadmitanyonetoyourroomwithoutfirstmakingidentification.Aone-wayviewerisprovidedinyourdoortoassistwithidentification.Ifthereisanydoubtabouttheperson’sidentity,pleasecontacttheFrontDesk.SAFETYBOXESDonotleavemoneyorvaluablesinyourroomorvehicle.Weprovidefreesafetyboxesforyouruse.Hotelisnotresponsibleforitemsleftinroomvaluedover$200.KEYSSafeguardyourkey.Pleasedonotleaveitinthedoor.Donotgiveyourkeytoothersorleaveitunattended.PleaseleaveyourkeyattheFrontDeskwhenyoucheckout.REPORTINGPleasereportanysuspiciousactivity,orsafetyconcernstomanagement.FIREPleasefamiliarizeyourselfwiththenearestfireexits.Reportfireorsmoketothehoteloperator.Intheunlikelyeventofafire,pleasemovequicklyandcalmlytothenearestsafeexitandleavethebuilding.Avoidtheuseofelevator.1.Thesuggestionsaremostprobablyfrom_________.A.ahotelmanager B.apoliceofficerC.anexperiencedtraveler D.atourguide2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Itisadvisedtotraveltoplaceswheretherearefewpeople.B.Thehotelisnotresponsibleforanythingyoulose.C.Don’treporttothemanagerunlessyouaresuresomethingisgoingwrong.D.You’dbetterusethedeadboltandthesecondarylocksforsafety.3.Ifyoufeeldoubtfulaboutastrangerwhoknocksatthedoor,youshould________.A.letthepersoninafteryouhavegothis/hernameB.openthedoortochecktheperson’sIDcardC.calltheFrontDesktomakesureD.contactthelocalpoliceforassistance【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一家宾馆站在客人的角度，对于如何保障客人的人身与财产安全提出了七点建议，保护好重要财物、旅行中注意看管好随身物品、关好门窗、免费的保险箱、看管好钥匙、留意紧急出口、报告潜在的危险。【1题详解】推理判断题。纵览全文，通篇都是在给客人提供安全建议，再结合文章多次出现的关键词“theFrontDesk（前台）”，尤其是根据KEYS部分的“PleaseleaveyourkeyattheFrontDeskwhenyoucheckout.（退房时请把钥匙留在前台。）”可以推知，本篇文章是一家宾馆在向游客提供安全建议，所以很有可能是酒店经理提供的这些建议。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TRAVELING部分“Stayinwell-litandheavilytraveledareas.（待在光线充足、人流密集的地方。）”，可知，A项“建议去人少的地方旅游。”是错误的；根据SAFETYBOXES部分“Hotelisnotresponsibleforitemsleftinroomvaluedover$200.（酒店对留在房间内价值超过200美元的物品概不负责。）”可知，B项“旅馆对您的任何损失概不负责。”是错误的；根据REPORTING部分的“Pleasereportanysuspiciousactivity,orsafetyconcernstomanagement.（请向管理人员报告任何可疑的活动或安全隐患。）”可知，C项“除非你确定出了什么问题，否则不要向管理人员报告”错误；根据GUESTROOMSECURITY部分的“Foradditionalsecurityusethedeadbolt(插锁)providedonyourdoorandmakesurethewindowsarelocked.Asanadditionalprecaution(预防措施),pleasesecurethesecondarylocksprovided.（为了更加安全，请使用门上的门栓，确保窗户都锁好了。作为一项额外的预防措施，请锁好二级锁。）”可知，D项“为了安全，你最好使用门栓和二级锁”是正确的。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据GUESTROOMSECURITY部分的“Aone-wayviewerisprovidedinyourdoortoassistwithidentification.Ifthereisanydoubtabouttheperson’sidentity,pleasecontacttheFrontDesk.（在你的门上提供了一个单向查看器，以帮助识别。如对其身份有任何疑问，请与前台联系。）”可知，如果你对一个敲门的陌生人感到怀疑，你应该打电话给前台确认一下。故选C项。BWhodoyoufeelcloserto—yourmomoryourdad?Inalmosteverycultureintheworld,mothersarethoughttobemoreimportantthanfathersduringchildren’sdevelopmentandmorelikelytobuildstrongbondswiththeirchildren.Thisbeliefhadexistedforalongtimeuntilscientistsstartedaskinganewquestion:Whatdofatherscontributetotheirchildrenbesidestheirgenes?Theymustmeansomething,ortheywouldhavedisappearedfromchildren’slivesatanearliertimeinevolution(进化).So,anewscienceoffatherhoodwasborn.AmericanjournalistPaulRaeburncollectedthediscoveriesovertheyearsandputthemintohisnewbook,DoFathersMatter?WhatScienceIsTellingUsAbouttheParentWe’veOverlooked,hopingtomakepeoplebetterseethemanywaysthatfathersinfluencetheirchildren.Forexample,RonaldPrestonRohner,ascientistattheUniversityofConnecticut,US,spentseveralyearsstudyinghowbeingacceptedorrejectedbyparentsinfluenceschildren’spersonality.Hefoundthatchildrenwhoareacceptedbyboththeirparentsareusuallyindependentandholdapositiveworldviewwhilethosewhofeelturneddownbyeitherparentmayturnouthostileandnegative.MelanieHorn-Mallers,apsychologistatCaliforniaStateUniversity,foundthatsonswhohavehappymemoriesoftheirfathersarebetterabletohandleday-to-daystressaftergrowingup.Anotherstudy,byRichardKoestneratMcGillUniversity,Canada,focusedonhowchildrendevelopempathy(同理心).Afterlookingatvariouspossiblefactors,Koestnerfoundonetobemoreimportantthanothers—howmuchtimetheirfathersspendwiththem.“Wewereamazedtofindthathowaffectionateparentswerewiththeirchildrendidn’tmattermuchtothedevelopmentofempathy,”saidKoestner.“Andwewereastoundedathowstrongthefather’sinfluencewas.”Indeed,evidenceshowsthatfathersmakeuniquecontributionstotheirchildren’shappiness.However,thatdoesn’tmeanthatchildreninfamilieswithoutfathersaredefinitelygoingtobecomefailures.JustlookatUSPresidentBarackObama.Heisagreatexampleofwhatcanbeachievedbypeoplewhogrowupinsingle-motherhouseholds.4.It’sbeendiscoveredbyscientiststhatchildrenfeelingrefusedbytheirparents________.A.oftenshapetheirownideas B.arelesslikelytobesuccessfulC.usuallymanagetolivewithstress D.tendtoholdnegativeworldviews5.Basedonthepassage,thedevelopmentofempathyinchildrenisinfluencedmostby________.A.howhappytheyarewiththeirfathersB.howaffectionatetheyarewiththeirparentsC.howmuchtimetheirfathersspendwiththemD.howwelltheirfathersgetonwiththeirmothers6.Theunderlinedword“astounded”inParagraph8isclosestinmeaningto________.A.surprised B.delightedC.confused D.upset7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tofindoutwhychildrenhavebetterbondswiththeirmothers.B.Toreportonabookstudyinghowfathersinfluencetheirchildren.C.Totellhowdifferentintheinfluencesofmothersandfathersonchildren.D.Toexplainwhatinfluenceschildren’spersonalitymostduringtheirdevelopment.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，文章主要是介绍一本父亲对孩子影响的书，很多人认为母亲对孩子的发展很重要，但是父亲对孩子的发展也不可忽视。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中Hefoundthatchildrenwhoareacceptedbyboththeirparentsareusuallyindependentandholdapositiveworldviewwhilethosewhofeelturneddownbyeitherparentmayturnouthostileandnegative.（他发现，被父母双方都接受的孩子通常是独立的，持有积极的世界观，而那些被父母任何一方拒绝的孩子可能会变得充满敌意和消极）可知，科学家发现被父母拒绝的孩子往往有负面的世界观。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第七段中Afterlookingatvariouspossiblefactors,Koestnerfoundonetobemoreimportantthanothers—howmuchtimetheirfathersspendwiththem.（在研究了各种可能的因素后，Koestner发现其中一个因素比其他因素更重要——他们的父亲和他们在一起的时间）可知，孩子的同情心的培养受父亲和他们在一起的时间影响最多。故选C。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第七段中Afterlookingatvariouspossiblefactors,Koestnerfoundonetobemoreimportantthanothers—howmuchtimetheirfathersspendwiththem.（在研究了各种可能的因素后，Koestner发现其中一个因素比其他因素更重要——他们的父亲和他们在一起的时间）及第八段的句子Wewereamazedtofindthathowaffectionateparentswerewiththeirchildrendidn’tmattermuchtothedevelopmentofempathy（我们惊讶地发现，父母对孩子的深情对同理心的发展并没有太大的影响）可知，上面的研究结果很出乎意料。由此推知，astounded的意思是astonished“感到惊讶的”。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段的句子AmericanjournalistPaulRaeburncollectedthediscoveriesovertheyearsandputthemintohisnewbook,（美国记者保罗·雷伯恩(PaulRaeburn)多年来收集了这些发现，并把它们写进了他的新书），接下来，作者就主要介绍了他这本书有关内容，希望让人们更好地看到父亲对孩子的许多影响。由此可知，这篇文章主要是介绍一本父亲对孩子影响的书。故选B。【易错分析】第4小题：文章未提及A项Tofindoutwhychildrenhavebetterbondswiththeirmothers.（为了找出为什么孩子和他们的母亲有更好的关系）；C项Totellhowdifferentintheinfluencesofmothersandfathersonchildren.（说明父亲和母亲对孩子的影响有多么不同）和D项Toexplainwhatinfluenceschildren’spersonalitymostduringtheirdevelopment.（解释在儿童的发展过程中什么对他们的个性影响最大）并不是本文写作的主要目的，而真正的目的则是B项Toreportonabookstudyinghowfathersinfluencetheirchildren.（报道一本研究父亲如何影响孩子的书）。根据文章第四段的句子AmericanjournalistPaulRaeburncollectedthediscoveriesovertheyearsandputthemintohisnewbook,（美国记者保罗•雷伯恩(PaulRaeburn)多年来收集了这些发现，并把它们写进了他的新书），接下来，作者就主要介绍了他这本书有关内容，希望让人们更好地看到父亲对孩子的许多影响。由此可知，这篇文章主要是介绍一本父亲对孩子影响的书。CHowMuchExerciseDoINeed?Whenitcomestoexercise,lessisnotmore-butit’scertainlybetterthannone.Physicalinactivityaccountsforasmanyas23percentofalldeathsfrommajorchronicdiseases,yetalmostoneofeverythreeAmericansissedentary.AccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControl,29.4percentofthosesurveyedreporttheyhavenofree-timephysicalactivityatall.Citypeopletendtobemoreactivethancountryfolks,with27.4percentsayingtheyaresedentary,comparedwith36.6percentofthoseinruralareas.Lightactivitycanimprovephysicalandmentalwell-being.Whilelightactivityisgood,moderateactivityisevenbetter,andhealthexpertsencourageeveryonetohaveatleast30minutesadayofmoderatephysicalactivity.Butyoudon’thavetoheadtoagym.Asrecentstudieshaveconfirmed,“lifestyle”activities,suchaswalking,housecleaningandgardening,areaseffectiveasastructuredexerciseprograminimprovingheartfunction,loweringbloodpressureandkeepingorlosingweight.Inonestudy,overweight,sedentarymiddle-agedmenandwomenwholearnedbehavioralskillstomakethemmorephysicallyactive,suchaswalkingaroundairportsortrainstationswhilewaitingforadeparture,reducedtheirbodyfatpercentageandimprovedtheirbloodpressureandheartfunctionasmuchasindividualsparticipatinginstructuredprogramsatafitnesscenter.Inanotherstudy,fatwomenranginginagefrom21to60whoadoptedamoreactivelifestylelostasmuchweightaswomeninalow-impactaerobics(有氧健身)program-andregainedfewerpoundsinthefollowingyear.Recognizingthevalueofdifferentlevelsandtypesofactivity,theAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicinehaschangeditsrecommendationsonquantityandqualityofexercisetoincludeflexibilityaswellasaerobicandmuscleexerciseandtoacknowledgethatmultipleshortperiodsofexerciseduringthedayarenearlyasbeneficialasonelongsession.8.BysayingthatalmostonethirdofAmericansaresedentary,theauthormeans________.A.theytakeproperexercisetobehealthy B.theyknownothingaboutlightactivityC.theyareveryfondofphysicalactivity D.theytakelittlefree-timephysicalactivity9.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.lightactivityisespeciallygoodforthemiddle-agedpeopleB.peoplelikelightactivitybecauseitwon’tmakethemfeeltiredC.peopleonlyneedtodolightactivitythreetimesaweektokeepfitD.lightactivitypromotespeople’swell-beingphysicallyandmentally10.Whatdohealthexpertssuggestaboutmoderateactivity?A.Nolessthanhalfanhour’smoderateactivitydailycandousgood.B.Moderateactivityisnobetterthanlightactivitytopeople.C.“Lifestyle”activitiesdon’tbelongtomoderateactivity.D.Peoplemaygotothegymtotakemoderateactivity.11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbelongstoastructuredexerciseprogram?A.Doinggymnasticsatagym. B.Takingoutdooractivities.C.Walking. D.Gardening.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介了我们每天应该做多少锻炼。研究表明久坐的人会增加患病的几率，因此专家建议我们每天都要做轻微运动，最好每天不少于30分钟的适度运动。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“AccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControl,29.4percentofthosesurveyedreporttheyhavenofree-timephysicalactivityatall.(根据美国疾病控制中心的调查，29.4%的受访者表示，他们在空闲时间根本没有任何体育活动)”可知，大约30%的美国人在空闲时间根本没有进行任何体育活动。由此推知，作者说“almostonethirdofAmericansaresedentary”的意思是他们几乎没有花空闲时间进行体育活动。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Lightactivitycanimprovephysicalandmentalwell-being.(轻微的活动可以改善身心健康)”可知，轻微的活动可以促进人们的身心健康。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Whilelightactivityisgood,moderateactivityisevenbetter,andhealthexpertsencourageeveryonetohaveatleast30minutesadayofmoderatephysicalactivity.(虽然轻度运动很好，但适度运动就更好了，健康专家鼓励每个人每天至少进行30分钟的适度运动)”可知，专家建议每天不少于30分钟的适度运用有益于人们的健康。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Asrecentstudieshaveconfirmed,“lifestyle”activities,suchaswalking,housecleaningandgardening,areaseffectiveasastructuredexerciseprograminimprovingheartfunction,loweringbloodpressureandkeepingorlosingweight.(最近的研究已经证实，‘生活方式’活动，如散步、打扫房屋和园艺，在改善心脏功能、降低血压和保持或减轻体重方面与有组织的锻炼计划一样有效)”和倒数第二段的“suchaswalkingaroundairportsortrainstationswhilewaitingforadeparture,reducedtheirbodyfatpercentageandimprovedtheirbloodpressureandheartfunctionasmuchasindividualsparticipatinginstructuredprogramsatafitnesscenter.(例如，在机场或火车站等车的时候散步，可以减少体脂率，改善血压和心脏功能，其效果与在健身中心参加结构化项目的人一样)”可知，散步、打扫房屋、园艺和室外活动属于“生活方式”活动。由此可知，在健身房做体操属于结构化锻炼。故选A。DHewasdrivinghomeoneevening,onacountryroad.Work,inthissmallcommunity,wasasslowashisbrokenPontiac.Butheneverquitlooking.Sincethefactoryclosed,he’dbeenunemployed.Andwithwinterapproaching,thecolddayshadfinallyhithome.Itwasalonelyroad.Veryfewpeoplehadareasontobeonit,unlesstheywereleaving.Mostofhisfriendshadleft.Buthestayedon.Afterall,hehadhisroothere.Itwasgettingdark,andsnowwascomingdown.He’dbettergetamoveon.Suddenlyhesawanoldladyontheroadsideandobviouslyneededhelp.SohepulledupinfrontofherMercedesandgotout.Shewasworried.Noonehadstoppedtohelpforthelasthourorso.Washegoingtohurther?Helookedpoor,hungry,and...dangerous.Hecouldseethatshewasfrightened,standingoutthereinthecold.Hesaid,“I’mheretohelpyou,Ma’am.Whydon’tyouwaitinthecarwhereit’swarm?Bytheway,mynameisJoe.”Thecarhadaflattire.Joecrawledunderthecarandsoonhewasabletochangethetire.Buthehadtogetdirtyandhishandshurt.Ashewasturningthescrews(螺丝),sherolleddownherwindowandbegantalkingtohimandsaidshecouldn’tthankhimenoughforcomingtoheraid.Sheaskedhimhowmuchsheowedhim.Anyamountwouldhavebeenalrightwithher.Shehadalreadyimaginedalltheterriblethingsthatcouldhavehappenedhadhenotstopped.Joeneverthoughttwiceaboutthemoney.Thiswassimplyhelpingsomeoneinneed,andGodknowstherewereplentywhohadlenthimahandbefore.Hehadlivedhiswholelifethatway,anditneveroccurredtohimtoactanyotherway.Hetoldherthatifshereallywantedtopayhimback,thenexttimeshesawsomeonewhoneededhelp,shecouldgivethatpersontheassistancetheyneeded,andJoeadded“…andthinkofme.”Afewmilesdowntheroadtheladysawasmallcafé.Shewentintogrababitetoeat,andtakethechilloff.Itwasadirty-lookingrestaurant.Outsideweretwooldgaspumps.Thewholescenewasunfamiliartoher.Thewaitresscameoverandbroughtacleantoweltowipeherwethair.Shehadasweetsmile,onethatevenbeingonherfeetforthewholedaycouldn’terase.Theladynoticedthatthewaitresswasnearlyeightmonthspregnant,butsheneverletthestrainandacheschangeherattitude.Theoldladywonderedhowsomeonewhohadsolittlecouldbesogivingtoastranger.ThensherememberedJoe.Aftertheladyfinishedhermeal,shehandedthewaitressa$100bill.Whenthewaitresscamebackwiththechange,shefoundtheladywasgoneandsomethingwrittenonanapkin.Readingthenote,thereweretearsinhereyes.Itsaid,“Youowemenothing.I’vebeentheretoo.Someoneoncehelpedmeout,likeI’mhelpingyou.Ifyoureallywanttopaymeback,don’tletthechainofloveendwithyou.”Thatnightwhenshegothomefromwork,shewasthinkingaboutthemoneyandwhattheladyhadwritten.Withthebabyduesoon,lifewouldbeharder.Sheknewhowworriedherhusbandwas,andashelaysleepingnexttoher,shegavehimasoftkissandwhisperedsoft,“Everything’sgonnabealright;Iloveyou,Joe.”12.WecanknowfromthefirstfourparagraphsthatJoe________.A.waslivingatoughlifewithoutajobB.washopelessabouthisjobandfutureC.waseagertoleavewherehelivednowD.usuallygaveabadimpressiononothers13.Bysaying“Hehadlivedhiswholelifethatway”inParagraph8,theauthortriestoconveythemessagethatJoe________.A.expectedtoberememberedforhiskindnessB.struggledforaliving,dependingalotonotherpeopleC.wasalwayschangingtiresforstrangersfreeofchargeD.oftenofferedahelpinghandwithoutexpectinganythinginreturn14.Theoldladyleftthechange,mainlywishingto________.A.impressthewaitresswithhergenerosityB.showpitytothewomanexpectingababyC.bringloveforwardbyhelpingthoseinneedD.expressthanksforthewaitress’qualityservice15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChainofLove B.StruggleofLifeC.RoadofHope D.ActofKindness【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.A【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文，文章讲述Joe自己生活困难，但是帮助一个老太太却不求回报，老太太又帮助了Joe的妻子，这是爱的链条。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Sincethefactoryclosed,he’dbeenunemployed.Andwithwinterapproaching,thecolddayshadfinallyhithome.（自从工厂关闭以来，他一直失业。随着冬天的来临，寒冷的日子终于来了）可知，Joe失业了，生活很艰苦。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第七段中Joeneverthoughttwiceaboutthemoney.Thiswassimplyhelpingsomeoneinneed,andGodknowstherewereplentywhohadlenthimahandbefore.（乔从来没有想过钱的问题。这只是帮助那些需要帮助的人，上帝知道，以前有很多人帮助过他）可知，作者用Hehadlivedhiswholelifethatway（他的一生都是这样度过的）这句话想表明Joe经常帮助别人而不奢求回报。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段的句子Ifyoureallywanttopaymeback,don’tletthechainofloveendwithyou.（如果你真的想报答我，不要让爱的链条随着你而终止）可知，老太太留下零钱，主要是希望通过帮助有需要的人将爱传递下去。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第三段的句子Someoneoncehelpedmeout,likeI’mhelpingyou.Ifyoureallywanttopaymeback,don’tletthechainofloveendwithyou.（有人曾经帮过我，就像我在帮你一样。如果你真的想报答我，不要让爱的链条随着你而终止）可知，Joe帮助一个老太太，老太太又帮助了Joe的妻子，这是爱的链条。所以ChainofLove是最好的标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anyexerciseisgoodexercise,butwhenitcomestolosingweight,it'shardtobeatrunning.Afterall,runningisoneofthemostefficientwaystoburncaloriesandgetfitwithouthavingtorestrictyourdiet.____16____Ifyou'renotarunneryetbutinterestedinlosingweight,herearefourreasonsrunningcanbethebestexerciseforweightloss.____17____Whencomparingrunningwithwalkingthesamedistance,studiesfindthatrunningwillleadtogreaterweightloss,mostlikelybecauseyourrestingenergyexpenditurestayselevated（高的）afteryourun.Inalong-termcomparisonstudyofrunnersandwalkers,caloriesburnedthroughrunningledto90%moreweightlossthancaloriesburnedthroughwalking.Runningistime-efficient.Evenifthemyththatrunningamileandwalkingamileburnthesamenumberofcaloriesweretrue,runningisaconsiderablyfasterwaytoburnthosecalories.____18____Runningisconvenient.Thoughmanyofushaveaccumulatedavastarsenal（武器，装备）ofGPSgadgetsandtechteesovertheyears,littleisactuallyrequiredtogorunning.Youcandoitalone.Youcandoitalmostanywhere.____19____Forthisreasonalone,runningisthebestworkoutforweightlossbecauseit'scheapandaccessible,andtherearefewerbarrierstomaintainingaroutine,evenwhiletraveling.Twowords:runner'shigh.____20____Fortunately,studiessupportwhatmanyrunnershaveexperiencedonananecdotallevel-runningcanactuallygetyouhigh.Scientistshavefoundlinksbetweenmoderatetointenseexerciseandmorphine-likebrainchemicals,whichexplainstheoccasionalfloodofthrillthatrushesoveryouduringahardrun.Thathappysensationyouhadafteryourlastracemakesyouwanttogoforanotherrun,right?A.Ifyou'realreadyarunner,keepon.B.Cultivatethegoodhabitofrunning.C.Runningworksevenwhenyou'reatrest.D.Youwillneversticktoahabitifyoudon'tlikeit.E.Youdon'tneedanyequipmentbeyondapairofrunningshoes.F.Mostpeoplecanruntwoorthreetimesasfarastheycanwalkinagivenamountoftime.G.Thefirstruleofexercisingforweightlossisthatifyoudon'tenjoyit,youwon'tstickwithit.【答案】16.A17.C18.F19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了跑步是最好的减肥方法．【16题详解】根据空前“Afterall,runningisoneofthemostefficientwaystoburncaloriesandgetfitwithouthavingtorestrictyourdiet.”（毕竟，跑步是最有效的燃烧卡路里和保持健康的方式之一，而不必限制你的饮食。）可知，说到了跑步的优势，以及空后“Ifyou'renotarunneryetbutinterestedinlosingweight,herearefourreasonsrunningcanbethebestexerciseforweightloss.”（如果你还不喜欢跑步，但对减肥感兴趣，这里有四个理由证明跑步是减肥的最佳运动。）可知，与选项形成了对比，A项：“Ifyou'realreadyarunner,keepon.（如果你已经是一名跑步者，那就坚持下去。）”符合上下文语境。故选A。【17题详解】根据空后“Whencomparingrunningwithwalkingthesamedistance,studiesfindthatrunningwillleadtogreaterweightloss,mostlikelybecauseyourrestingenergyexpenditurestayselevated（高的）afteryourun.”（当比较跑步和步行相同距离时，研究发现，跑步会导致更大的体重减轻，很可能是因为你的静息能量消耗在跑步后保持较高。）可知，跑步后休息情况下，能量也会消耗。C项：“Runningworksevenwhenyou'reatrest.（即使在休息的时候，跑步也会起作用。）”符合上下文语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据空前“Runningistime-efficient.Evenifthemyththatrunningamileandwalkingamileburnthesamenumberofcaloriesweretrue,runningisaconsiderablyfasterwaytoburnthosecalories.”（跑步是具有时效性的。即使跑一英里和走一英里燃烧相同数量的卡路里的流言是正确的，跑步也是一个相当快的燃烧这些卡路里的方式。）可知，前面提到跑步是节省时间的运动，F选项中一定时间内跑步距离是走路距离的两三倍，可以推断出同样距离，跑步是省时间的。因此推断F项：“Mostpeoplecanruntwoorthreetimesasfarastheycanwalkinagivenamountoftime.（在一定的时间内，大多数人能跑的距离是他们能走的距离的两到三倍。）”符合上下文语境。故选F。【19题详解】根据空前“Youcandoitalone.Youcandoitalmostanywhere.”（你可以一个人做。你几乎可以在任何地方做。）可知，强调了跑步是简单的，以及空后“Forthisreasonalone,runningisthebestworkoutforweightlossbecauseit'scheapandaccessible,andtherearefewerbarrierstomaintainingaroutine,evenwhiletraveling.”（仅仅因为这个原因，跑步是减肥的最佳锻炼方式，因为它既便宜又容易获得，而且即使在旅行中也很少有障碍来阻止你维持日常。）可知，此处讲述了跑步是一个即便宜又简单的锻炼方式，E项：“Youdon'tneedanyequipmentbeyondapairofrunningshoes.（除了一双跑鞋，你不需要任何装备。）”符合上下文语境。故选E。【20题详解】根据空前“Twowords:runner’shigh.”（两个字:跑步者的快感。）可知，强调运动给人带来兴奋。以及空后“Fortunately,studiessupportwhatmanyrunnershaveexperiencedonananecdotallevel-runningcanactuallygetyouhigh.”（幸运的是，研究支持传闻中跑步者经历的——跑步实际上可以让你兴奋。）可知，前后文是转折关系，后面幸运地是对前面提到如果坚持不下去的激励，G项：“Thefirstruleofexercisingforweightlossisthatifyoudon'tenjoyit,youwon'tstickwithit.（运动减肥的第一条规则是，如果你不喜欢运动，你就不能坚持下去。）”符合上下文语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenmysonfirstannouncedthathewantedtoplaysoccer,myinitialemotionswerehopeand____21____.Hopethathehadinheritedcompetitivenessandsportingskillsfromhismother,guiltaboutanythingthatIhadpassedontohim.Iwas,andam,____22____atallsports.Ihopebeyondhopethatmyinabilitytoplaysportshasn’tbeenpasseddowntomyboys.Istartedbywatchingthematchesinsilence.IdecidedthatIwouldjustwatchandencourage____23____.Thisdifferedfromthebehaviorofsomeoftheother____24____,whospenttheirmornings____25____thingslike“stayupandclosehimdown”and“pressurehim!”Iwouldfeelabit____26____sayingthingslikethat,giventhatIam____27____ofdoingthemmyself.Butit’s____28____thewayIwatchfamoussportsteamsplay.WhetheronTVoratamatch,Ifeelmorecomfortableshoutingatthem____29____Iknowmuchlessaboutsoccerthananyoftheplayers.Butthat’swhatallsoccerfansseemtodo,shoutingispartoftheexcitementandpartofthegame.Gradually,Ihavefoundmyselfgettingmoreandmoreintothegames.Theteammysonplaysforis______30______,soittookthemawhiletocatchupwiththeotherclubswhohadbeenplayingtogetherforawhile.Theyhavegonefromgetting______31______everyweek,tocompetingandnowtowinning.Ihaveto______32______I’mgettingintoit.Ishout______33______phrasestomysonandtotheteam.Andthenlastweekatmyson’sgameIloudlycheeredthetackle（铲球）thattookoutachildandlefthimonthefloor.I______34______thatImayhavecrossedaline.Onthewayhome,mywifetalkedaboutthegameinawaythatIfeltwashertellingmetobealittlebit______35______goingforward.ButIdon’tthinkthat’sgoingtohappenanytimesoon.21.A.delight B.guilt C.surprise D.regret22.A.excellent B.bad C.curious D.talented23.A.proudly B.patiently C.constantly D.silently24.A.members B.teachers C.parents D.students25.A.telling B.dreaming C.whispering D.shouting26.A.strange B.confused C.amused D.worried27.A.tired B.ashamed C.incapable D.fond28.A.similarto B.differentfrom C.betterthan D..separatefrom29.A.eventhough B.nowthat C.incase D.ifonly30.A.cooperative B.big C.close D.new31.A.caught B.knocked C.beaten D.kicked32.A.consider B.pretend C.admit D.prove33.A.encouraging B.boring C.frightening D.annoying34.A.insisted B.realized C.decided D.suspected35.A.cleverer B.braver C.stronger D.quieter【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者给儿子的加油方式，从“安静式”逐渐转变成“吼叫式”的过程。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我儿子第一次宣布他想踢足球时，我最初情绪是希望和内疚。A.delight高兴；B.guilt内疚；C.surprise惊讶；D.regret后悔。根据下文“guiltaboutanythingthatIhadpassedontohim”可知，我除了感到有希望，也感到内疚。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我过去和现在都不擅长所有运动。A.excellent优秀的；B.bad差的；C.curious好奇的；D.talented有才华的。根据下文“myinabilitytoplaysports”可知，作者不擅长运动。故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我决定只是默默地观看和鼓励。A.proudly骄傲地；B.patiently耐心地；C.constantly不断地；D.silently静静地。根据上文“Istartedbywatchingthematchesinsilence.”可知，作者是在静静地观看比赛。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这与其他一些父母的行为不同，他们整个早上都在大喊“坚持，把他围起来”和“给他压力！”之类的话。A.members成员；B.teachers老师；C.parents家长；D.students学生。根据上文“myson”可知，作者的身份是父母之一，这里是把自己跟其他的父母相比较。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这与其他一些父母的行为不同，他们整个早上都在大喊“熬夜把他关起来”和“给他压力！”之类的话。A.telling告诉；B.dreaming做梦；C.whispering窃窃私语；D.shouting大喊。根据后文“stayupandclosehimdownandpressurehim!”可知，是吼叫。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我自己做不到，我会觉得说这样的表达方式有点奇怪。A.strange奇怪的；B.confused困惑的；C.amused好笑的；D.worried担心的。根据下文“Iam_______ofdoingthemmyself.”，可知，其他父母的方式会让他绝得有点奇怪。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我自己做不到，我会觉得说这样的表达方式有点奇怪。A.tired疲倦的；B.ashamed害羞的；C.incapable无能的；D.fond喜欢的。根据上文“IdecidedthatI