高中英语Unit Back to the past SectionⅠWelcome to the unit教案

Unit3Backtothepast

AAA

古罗马帝国不仅仅在政治上强大、版图上辽阔，它所创造的古

罗马文化在哲学、文学、建筑等方面，也是全人类巨大的精神财富,

是世界古典文化中的瑰宝。

AncientRomeisthattimeinhistorywhentheRoman

Empireexisted.Atitspeak,theempireincludedmostof

Europe,northernAfrica,andtheMiddleEast.TheRomans

wereknownfortheirarmy,architecture,and

government.Theempireexistedfromabout100B.C.to500

A.D.

Althoughmanypeopletalkaboutthe“riseandfall”of

theRomanEmpire,othersfocusonhowthecivilization

changedovertime.Bothpositives(i.e.,artandarchitecture)

andnegatives(i.e.,slaveryandcruelty)canbeidentifiedinthe

culturethroughoutthehistoryofAncientRome.

Thefirstsettlementswereestablishedaround753

B.C.Attheheightoftheempire

around200A.D.,theempirecovered2.5millionsquare

miles.TheWesternEmpirefellin476A.D.andtheEastern

Empirelasteduntil1453.

Basedonstrictorganizationandcentralized（中央集权的）

control,theempirewasconnectedbyahugenetworkof

roadswiththecityofRomeinthecenter.Eachtownwas

plannedinexactlythesamewayincludingasystemofstreets,

runningwater,andsewers（污水管）.TheForumatthecenter

oftownwassurroundedbyshops,temples,andgovernment

buildings.Astrongarmydefendedandexpandedthe

empire.Thesoldiersbelongedtolegions（军队）ofabout5,000

people.Theywerehighlytrainedandwell-equippedwith

armor,shields,spears,andswords.Awell-organizedcivil

servicesystemgovernedthepeople.Romanhistorycontains

manyfamousfiguresincludingAugustus,thefirstemperor,

JuliusCaesar,Caligula,andNero.

TheRomanshadmanyfestivalsandrituals（仪式）for

eventssuchaschildbirth,marriage,andfunerals.LikeGreek

culture,Romanculturewasknownforitsmythology.The

Romansenjoyedfood,baths,andallkindsofentertainment.

SectionIWelcometotheunit&Reading-Warming

Up

》自学导引，管噂追咨■自主探究•冽固新知▲

[学生用书P54]

就知感慨，

11重点单词明其意

［基础词汇］

1.found__vt.兴建,创建

2.flee_vt.&VI.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开

3.destroy,vt.毁坏,摧毁

4.ruin_n.废墟,毁坏

vt.破坏;毁灭

［拓展词汇］

5.commercial—々必商业的,贸易的—commercen贸易；

商业

6.unfortunate,a4:不幸的，遗憾的—unfortunatelyadv.

不幸地；遗憾地-►fortunateat//.幸运的；侥幸的—fortunatelyadv.

幸运地；幸亏

7.decorate,反装饰，装潢-decorationn.装饰；装饰品

8.civilization,n.文明—civilize0七使开化；使文明

9.graduallyad忆渐渐地，逐渐地—graduala/逐渐的；逐

步的

10.remainsn.遗物，遗迹，遗骸-remainv.剩余；逗

留；留下；依然；保持

El重点短语用其活

1.protect…from…保护……免受……

2.be_known_as作为而出名

3.take_over夺取；接管

4.be_buried_alive被活埋

5.turn_out证明是

6.together_with和一起

7.cut_down砍倒

8.result_in导致……

9.break_down毁掉；（身体）垮掉；（谈判等）失败；分解

10.fail_to_do未能做……

皿重点句型仿其神

1.完全倒装

Nearthecitywas_a_volcano（是一座火山）.

2.so+助动词+主语……也是如此

Manypeoplewereburiedalive,and_so_was_the_city（这

座城市也是一样）.

3.Itturnsoutthat…结果

It_turns_out_that（结果）aftertheashcoveredthepeople

whofailedtofleethecity,theirbodiesnearlycompletely

brokedownanddisappeared...

4.it作形式主语

It's_hard_to_imagine（很难想象）howthispeaceful

volcanodestroyedthewholecity!

5.bebelievedtohavedone人们相信...

It_is_believed_to_have_been_gradually_covered（人们相

信它逐渐被埋）overbysandstormsfromAD200toAD400.

语篇理解

IScanthetextandmatchthemainideaofeachdiary.

Diary1A.avisittoPompeiicity

Diary2B.thepurposeanddestinationofthetrip

Diary3C.thediscoveryoftheLoulanKingdom

Diary4D.alectureaboutPompeiiandvolcano

Diary5E.generalinformationaboutLoulan

答案：BDAEC

HReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.

1.LoulaniscalledChina*sPompeiiinthedesertbecause

A.bothofthemoncehadgreatcivilizations

B.bothofthemoncehadsimilarbuildingstructures

C.theywerebothdestroyedbyvolcanoeruption

D.theywerebothpowerfulintheancientpast

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutLoulan?

A.ItwasastoppingpointonthefamousSilkRoad.

B.Itwasdestroyedbysandstormsgradually.

C.ItwasdiscoveredbytheEuropeanexplorerSven

Hedinmorethan100yearsago.

D.Itwasn'tburiedcompletelybecauseofenormous

trees.

3.What'sthemainsimilaritybetweenPompeiiand

Loulan?

A.Theywereburiedatthesametime.

B.Theywerebothwealthycities2,000yearsago.

C.Theyweredestroyedinthesameway.

D.Theywerediscoveredbyexplorers.

4.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageis.

A.toshowhowhappythewriterwastohaveachanceto

visitthesites

B.toarousepeople*ssenseofprotectingcivilizations

C.tocomparethecivilizationsofPompeiiandLoulan

D.totellushowPompeiiandLoulanweredestroyed

答案：1-4.ADBB

nAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.

1.WhenIwalkedaroundthecity,Isawstreetsjustas

theyhadbeen,withsteppingstonesalongtheroadsoyoudid

nothavetostepinthemudonrainydays!

回国国Cd

WhenIwalkedaroundthecity是when引导的

从句;Isawstreets是主句；justastheyhadbeen是as引导的

方式状语从句；withsteppingstonesalongtheroad是with复

合结构作状语；soyoudidnothavetostepinthemudonrainy

days是so引导的从句。

［尝试翻译］当我在城中漫步时，我看到保持原样的街道，沿

路都有垫脚石，这样你就不用在泥泞中行走了！

答案：时间状语；结果状语；下雨天

2.Itturnsoutthataftertheashcoveredthepeoplewho

failedtofleethecity,theirbodiesnearlycompletelybroke

downanddisappeared,leavingemptyspacesintheash.

回国国血

本句是主从复合句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是由that引

导的主语从句；该主语从句中还包含一个由after引导的时间状语从

句aftertheashcoveredthepeoplewhofailedtofleethecity;

此状语从句中还包含有一个由who引导的从句whofailed

tofleethecity,修饰先行词people。分词短语leaving...intheash

充当________状语。

［尝试翻译］原来，火山灰覆盖了，他们的

身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。

答案：定语；结果；没能逃离城市的人

教材助读，读修课文•破解难疑

［学生用书P56］

原/文/呈/现读/文/清/障

Lostcivilizations①

Day1,15July

Ifeelluckytohavewonaplaceonthistrip.Wearein

Italynow,andtomorrowwearevisitingPompeii.Nextweek

weareflying@toChina,andgoingtoLoulan,whichisknown

asChina'sPompeiiinthedesert®.BothPompeiiandLoulan

becamelostcivilizationslongago.

Day2,16July

Thismorningweattendedalecture@aboutPompeii.The

citywasfounded⑤inthe8thcenturyBC⑥.In89BC,the

Romans⑦tookover⑧Pompeii.Itthenbecamearichand

busycity.Nearthecitywasavolcano®.On24AugustAD⑩

79,thevolcanoerupted⑪andlava⑫，ash⑬androcks

poured14outofitontothesurroundingcountryside.It

continuedtoeruptforthenexttwodays.Manypeoplewere

buried-5alive⑯，andsowasthecity®.Howunfortunate®!

Day3,17July

TodayIsawtheancientRomancityofPompeiiasitwas

2,000yearsagoHowamazing!⑳Thecitywasforgottenfor

manyyearsuntilthe18thcenturywhenafarmerdiscovered

astonewithwritingonit.Peoplestartedtodiginthearea

fortreasure,whichcausedmuchdamage.Thus,in1860,

theareawasputundergovernmentprotectionsoitcouldbe

preservedandstudied.

©civilization[।slvslal'zelj'n]z?.文明

②arevisiting和areflying都是现在进行时，表示的是将要

发生的动作。

③whichisknownas...是非限制性定语从句，修饰Loulano

④lecture]lektja（r）]x.讲座attendalecture听讲座

©found[faond]vt.兴建，创建

⑥BC[ibi:'si:\abbr.公元前（beforeChrist的缩写）

⑦Roman['raomen]n罗马人adj.罗马的，罗马人的

⑧takeover夺取；接管

©volcano[vn1'kelnao]n.火山（0[.）volcanoes/volcanos

表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子用

全部倒装语序。

CPAD[।el'di:\abbr.公元（AnnoDomini的缩写）

@erupt[I'rApt]加（火山等）爆发

@ava['la:vs]n.熔岩，火山岩

（ghsh[aej]刀.灰，灰烬ashesn.废墟；骨灰

@^）our[po：（r）]加涌流，倾泻北倒出（液体）

⑮bury叱埋，埋葬；安葬

@livea〃活的，在句中作主语补足语。

©Sowasthecity是“so+系动词+主语”的部分倒装结构。

®unfortunate[An'fo:tjenat]a必不幸的，遗憾的

@hs用作连词，意为“正如”，引导方式状语从句。

㉔Howamazing!多令人惊奇啊！

amazinga心惊人的，了不起的

□whenafarmerdiscovered...是定语从句，修饰the18th

century,when相当于inwhicho

⑤digv.挖，掘n.触，碰；挖苦，讽刺；挖掘

Owhich引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。

^preserve-保存，保护

preservesb./sth.from…保护...免受...

⑤soitcouldbe…是目的状语从句。

[第1~3段译文]

失落的文明

第一天，7月15日

能获得这次旅行的机会我感到很幸运。现在我们在意大利，明天

我们将游览庞贝。下周我们会飞往中国并打算去楼兰，那是沙漠中的

一座被誉为“中国庞贝”的古城。庞贝和楼兰都是很久以前失落的文

明。

第二天，7月16日

今天上午我们听了一场有关庞贝的讲座o这座城市创建于公元前

8世纪。公元前89年，罗马人占领了庞贝。后来庞贝成了一座繁华

的城市。离该城不远处有一座火山。公元79年8月24日，火山喷

发，火山岩浆，火山灰及岩石喷涌而出覆盖了周围的村庄。火山喷发

持续了两天。很多人被活埋了，整个城市也被掩埋。多么不幸啊！

第三天，7月17日

今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。多令人

惊奇啊！这座城市多年来一直被人们遗忘，直到18世纪时一个农民

发现了一块刻有文字的石头。人们开始在这一区域挖掘寻宝，这造成

了很大的破坏。因此在I860年，政府将这一区域保护了起来，便于

保存和研究。

原/文/呈/现读/文/清/障

WhenIwalkedaroundthecity,Isawstreetsjustasthey

hadbeen,withsteppingstonesalongtheroadsoyoudidnot

havetostepinthemudonrainydays!Isawseveralhouses

whichweredecoratedwithwallpaintings.Ialsosawthe

peoplewhohadbeenburiedalive.Itturnsoutthatafterthe

ashcoveredthepeoplewhofailedtofleethecity,theirbodies

nearlycompletelybrokedownanddisappeared,leaving

emptyspacesintheash.Yearslater,researcherswereable

tousetheseemptyspacestoproducetrue-to-lifefiguresof

thepeoplewhohaddiedinthedisaster.Youcanseethem

todayinPompeii,inthesameplaceswherethepeoplefell.

Thevolcanoisstillthere,butlooksveryquietnow.It'shard

toimaginehowthispeacefulvolcanodestroyedthewhole

city!

Day10,24July

Finally,wearrivedinLoulanafterseveraldaysof

travelling.Thiscommercialcitywasbusyandwealthy

about2,000yearsago.Itwasastoppingpointonthefamous

SilkRoadbetweentheEastandtheWest.Itisbelievedto

havebeengraduallycoveredoverbysandstormsfromAD

200toAD400.Iamsoexcitedtobehere!,^when引导时

✓WVWWWWWWWWWWWW\AA^iAZWVWWWXA

间状语从句；as引导方式状语从句。

withsteppingstones...是with复合结构(with+宾语+介词

短语)，作状语，修饰hadbeen0

^Jmud[mAd]n泥浆，烂泥

^decorate['dekarelt]vt.装饰，装潢

bedecoratedwith装饰有..

◎which引导定语从句，修饰houseso

^9flee[fli:](fled,fled)vt.^vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开

&researcher[iTS3:tja(r)]刀.研究者，调查者

⑤true-to-life['tru:ta।逼真的

^disasterfdl'za:sts(r)]〃.灾难

whohaddied…是定语从句，修饰thepeopleo

^wherethepeoplefell是定语从句，修饰placeso

^imaginev.想象；认为，想，后接名词、代词、K-ing或从

句。

^destroy[di'strol]vt.毁坏，摧毁

^Jhowthispeacefulvolcano...是宾语从句。

^commercialfke'm3:Jl]a/商业的，贸易的

Vwealthy['weiei]a，富有的，富裕的

<Pgradually['graed3oall]ad-渐渐地，逐渐地

©coversth.over（完全）盖住/遮住某物

sandstorm['saendsto:m]z?.沙尘暴，风沙

snowstormn.暴风雪

Oltisbelievedtohave…中it指代上文提到过的Loulano

［第生道段译文］

本句使用了“Itisbelievedtodosth.”句型，常可转换为“It

isbelievedthat...”。

当我在城中漫步时，我看到保持原样的街道，沿路都有垫脚石，

这样下雨天你就不用在泥泞中行走了！我看到了几处装饰着壁画的房

子。我也看到了被活埋的人。原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人,

他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。多年

之后，研究者们能够利用这些人形空当制作出逼真的遇难者轮廓。你

现在可以在庞贝看到他们，就在他们原来倒下的同样的位置。火山还

在那里，但现在看起来非常平静。很难想象这座平静的火山是如何毁

掉整座城市的！

第十天，7月24日

经过好几天的旅程，我们终于抵达了楼兰。这座商业城市在大约

两千年前也曾繁华过。它是连接东西方著名的丝绸之路上的停靠点。

人们相信，从公元200年到公元400年，它已被沙尘暴逐渐吞没。

能在这里我很兴奋！

原/文/呈/现,读/文/清/障

Day11,25July

Ascholarfromthelocalculturalinstitute,Professor

Zhang,toldusthataroundtheyear1900theEuropean

explorerSvenHedindiscoveredtheruinsoftheLoulan

Kingdom.Svenfoundtheremainsofbuildingsburied

beneaththesand,togetherwithalotoftreasures,

includingcoins,paintedpots,materialsuchassilk,

documentsandwallpaintings.Whenwewenttothecity,we

sawthecitywalls,palaces,temples,workshopsandtowers.

Wefoundtheruinsmostinteresting.Therewasanancient

watersystemthatranthroughthemiddleofthecity.The

desertwasonceagreenlandwithhugetrees,buttheywere

cutdownandthatresultedinthecitybeingburiedbysand

一whatapity!

0cultural['kAItJars1]a心文化的

<5institute['lnstltju:t]n（教育或其他专业）机构，研究所

Oruin['ru：In]n废墟，毁坏vt.破坏，毁灭

Oremains[rl'melnz]n.遗物，遗迹，遗骸

^beneath[bl'ni:e]pr印.在...之下

Oburiedbeneaththesand…是过去分词短语作后置定语。

⑥togetherwith又，连同（同aswellas）

连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与第一个主语保持一致。

3paint大用颜料等）画；（给...）上油漆^pot[pnt]n.罐,

壶

^material[m9'tlaria1]A.材料；物质adj.物质的

0document['dDkjomsnt]!?.文献，文件

^workshop['ws:kJDp]x.作坊，车间

改find复合结构，即find+宾语+a心（作宾语补足语）。

5Jrunthrough流经，贯穿

引导定语从句，修饰

thatwatersystemo

cutdown砍倒

resultin导致resultfrom起因于；由...导致

[第6段译文]

第十一天，7月25日

来自当地文化研究所的一位学者张教授告诉我们，大约在1900

年，来自欧洲的探险家斯文•海定发现了楼兰王国的遗迹。斯文发现

了埋藏于沙子下面的建筑物遗迹以及许多宝藏，包括钱币、彩绘罐、

像丝绸这样的布料、文献以及壁画。当我们到这座城市时，我们看到

了城墙、宫殿、庙宇、作坊及高塔。我们发现楼兰废墟非常有趣。有

一条古老的供水系统贯穿市中心。这片沙漠曾经是大树成荫的绿洲，

但这些树被砍倒了，导致楼兰这座城市被沙子埋没——多遗憾啊!

》知能演练，念②同步测控•夯实基础.

课时作

A卷［学生用书P117（单独成册）］

I阅读理解

A

Wanted

ProjectManagementAssistant

Responsibility：

ProvideservicefortheprojectinChongqing.

Provideassistancetotheprojectmanagerforeveryday

work.

Responsiblefor,customerserviceforstudents&

parents.

Requirements：

Collegedegreeandabove.

GoodEnglishandcomputerskill.

Relatedworkingexperienceinaninternational

organization.

Patient,careful,supportive.Havestrongteamworkspirit.

EnglishTeacher

Responsibility：

ConductEnglishteachingaccordingtoBritisheducation

system.

Requirements：

UniversitydegreeandaboveinEnglishmajorornormal

English.

Eagertolearnandopen-mindedwithcreativity.

Withdeepunderstandingfordifferentcultures.

(Warmlywelcomethefreshgraduatestoapplyforthis

position.)

MarketingAssistant

Responsibility：

Responsibleforthelocalmanagementofmarketing&

salesactivitiesaccordingtotheinstructionsfromthehead

office.

Collectrelatedinformationtotheheadoffice.

Developrelationshipwithlocalmediaandcustomers.

Requirements：

CollegedegreeandabovewithgoodEnglish(speaking&

writing).

Withbasicideaofsalesandmarketing,related

experienceispreferred.

Workingexperienceintheinternationalorganizationsis

amust.

Goodcommunicationandpresentationskills.

Accountant

Responsibility：

AccountantworkforChongqingofficeandproject.

Performthefinancemanagementlocallyaccordingtothe

rules&policyofthecompany.

Requirements：

Collegedegreeandaboveinfinancearea.

GoodEnglishandgoodcomputerskill.

Havesenseoffinancemanagement.

Atleast2yearsfexperienceasanaccountantinan

internationalorganizationisamust.

Self-management,hardworking,independentandableto

dealwithpressure.

Youcangotohttp-.//formoreinformation.

Pleasemailorfaxyourresume(bothinEnglish&

Chinese),diploma,trainingcertificatesandexpectedsalary

tothefollowingaddresswithintwoweeks.Nopersonalvisit

ortelephonecallbeforethat.Yourmaterialswillbekeptin

ACEfiles.

Add：Room1806PlazaBuildingYuzhongDistrict

Chongqing40010

FaxNo/p>

Email:acercq@

【解题导语】文章为招工启事。主要讲了招收项目管理助理、

英语老师、市场部助理以及会计的要求和联系方式。

1.Ifyouhavejustgraduatedfromauniversity,you

shouldapplyforthepositionas.

A.aprojectmanagementassistant

B.anaccountant

C.amarketingassistant

D.anEnglishteacher

D解析：细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，除了英语老师，其

他三份工作都是需要工作经验的。故选D。

2.Ifyouwanttogetthepositionastheproject

managementassistant,inyourresumeyou,dbettersay

A.youalwayshavenewideasandcan'twaittoseethem

realized

B.youcandecideeverythingforyourselfandhaveyour

plancarriedout

C.youaregoodatpersuadingotherstofollowyouand

becomingagoodleader

D.youarealwaysreadytolistenandhelpcarryoutgood

decisions

D解析：推理判断题。根据ProjectManagementAssistant

下的内容Patient,careful,supportive.Havestrongteamwork

spirit.可知项目管理助理需要有耐心，仔细，支持工作，以及团队精

神。A、B、C文章都没有提及。D选项意为：随时准备倾听和帮助

实施好的决定。故选D。

3.Ifyouwanttoapplyforaposition,youcan.

A.gotothecompanyormakeatelephonecallatanytime

B.tellthecompanyhowmuchmoneyyouwantforyour

position

C.gotoacercq@fortheinformationaboutthe

employment

D.writeaboutyourselfeitherinEnglishorinChinese

B解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分内容Pleasemailor

faxyourresume(bothinEnglish&Chinese),diploma,

trainingcertificatesandexpectedsalarytothefollowing

addresswithintwoweeks.可知如果你想申请工作，要在简历上写

明你期待的薪水。故选B。

B

ThedayafterThanksgivingisthestartoftheholiday-

shoppingseason.ThanksgivingisalwaysonaThursday,so

thedayafterisaFriday.Thisdayhascometobeknownas

BlackFriday.Ithasbeenthebusiestshoppingdayoftheyear

since2005.

MoststoresoffergreatdealsonBlackFriday.Theyopen

theirdoorsveryearlyinthemorning.Theytrytoattract

shopperswithbigdiscounts.SomeproductslikeTVsare

muchcheaperthanusual.Storesmayevenlosemoneyon

theseproducts.Theyhopethatshopperswillbuygiftsfor

otherpeoplewhiletheyareinthestore.

BlackFridayisagreattimetogetgooddeals.The

problemisthattherearenotenoughlow-pricedproductsto

goaround.Eachstoremayonlyhaveafew.Peoplestandin

longlinestogetsuchgreatdeals,butnoteveryonewho

wantsonewillgetone.Somepeoplelookcrestfallenasthey

leave.

SomeBlackFridayeventshavebeenviolent.Large

crowdshavetrampled（踩踏）workers.Fightshavebrokenout

overtoysorpeoplecuttinginline.ButmostBlackFriday

eventsaresafeandfun.Still,ifyouplanongoing,expect

largecrowds.

Thename“BlackFriday“wasfirstusedinPhiladelphia

inthe1950s.PoliceofficerscalledthisdayBlackFriday

becauseoftheheavytrafficitdrew.Inthe1960s,storestried

torenametheday“BigFriday”.Itdidnotstick.Thename

“BlackFriday“continuedtobeusedacrossthecountry.It

seemsthatitisheretostay.

NowpeoplealloverthecountrytakepartinBlackFriday.

Itisevenspreadingtootherpartsoftheworld.Storeshave

heldBlackFridayeventsintheU.K.,Australia,andBrazil

since2012.InCostaRicaBlackFridayisknownasuViernes

Negro".

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个重要的购物

节日——“黑色星期五”。

4.WhydosomestoressellTVsatlowprices?

A.Theyareshortofmoney.

B.Theywanttoselloutoldproducts.

C.Theywantpeopletobuyotherthings.

D.Theywantpeopletoenjoytheirshopping.

C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Theyhopethat

shopperswillbuygiftsforotherpeoplewhiletheyareinthe

store.可知，有些商店赔本卖电视是希望顾客能够买其他产品。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crestfallen”in

Paragraph3probablymean?

A.Disappointed.B.Confused.

C.Surprised.D.Excited.

A解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的butnoteveryonewho

wantsonewillgetone可知，没有买到廉价商品的顾客只能失望地

离开。

6.HowdidthefirstBlackFridaygetitsname?

A.Itledtoviolentevents.

B.Itcausedalotoftraffic.

C.Itattractedlargecrowds.

D.Itwastedtoomuchmoney.

B解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的Policeofficerscalled

thisdayBlackFridaybecauseoftheheavytrafficitdrew.可

知，黑色星期五的命名与那天的交通拥堵有关。

7.WhatdoesthelastparagraphsayaboutBlackFriday?

A.Ithasbeencelebratedasanoldtradition.

B.ItisanationalholidayoftheUnitedStates.

C.Ithasbecomeaninternationalshoppingholiday.

D.Itiscalled“ViernesNegro“intheEnglishworld.

C解析：推理判断题。由最后一段可知，“黑色星期五”已经

成为了一个国际购物节。

C

DonaldJohnTrumpisanAmericanbusinessmanand

politicianwhobecamethePresident-electoftheUnited

StatesonNovember8,2016.Since1971hehaschairedThe

TrumpOrganization,theprincipalholdingcompanyforhis

realestateventuresandotherbusinessinterests.Duringhis

businesscareer,Trumphasbuiltofficetowers,hotels,

casinos,golfcourses,andotherbrandedfacilitiesworldwide.

TrumpwasbornandraisedinNewYorkCityand

receivedabachelor*sdegreeineconomicsfromtheWharton

SchooloftheUniversityofPennsylvaniain1968.In1971,he

wasgivencontrolofhisfatherFredTrump9srealestateand

constructionfirm.TrumphasappearedattheMissU.S.A.

pageants,whichheownedfrom1996to2015,andhasmade

cameoappearancesinfilmsandtelevisionseries.

Trumpandhisbusinesses,aswellashisthreemarriages,

havereceivedprominentmediaexposure.Hehosteda

popularNBCrealityshow,TheApprentice,from2004to

2015.Asof2016,hewaslistedbyForbesasthe324th

wealthiestpersonintheworld,and156thintheUnited

States,withanetworthof$3.7billioninOctober2016.

TrumpfirstcampaignedfortheU.S.presidencyin2000,

winningtwoReformPartyprimaries.OnJune16,2015,

Trumpagainannouncedhiscandidacyforpresident,this

timeasaRepublican.Trumpbecameknownforhis

oppositiontoillegalimmigrationandfreetradeagreements,

aswellashisfrequentlynon-interventionistviewsonforeign

policy,andquicklyemergedastheRepublicannomination

front-runner.AsofMarch23,2016,Trumphaswon21

contestsinthe2016Republicanpresidentialprimaries.

Hewaselectedasthe45thU.S.presidentinthe2016

electionontheRepublicanticket,defeatingDemocratic

nomineeHillaryClinton,andtookofficeonJanuary20,2017.

At70yearsold,hebecametheoldestpersontoeverassume

thepresidency.

【解题导语】本文介绍了美国总统特朗普的一些情况。

8.Thispassageismostlyprobablytakenfrom.

A.astorybookB.abiographybook

C.asciencebookD.anadvertisement

B解析：文章出处题。本文主要介绍了特朗普的一些情况，所

以应该是出自人物传记的书中。故选B项。

9.WhereisDonaldTrump'shometown?

A.LondonB.Paris

C.NewYorkD.Beijing

C解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Trumpwasbornand

raisedinNewYorkCity可知，特朗普的家乡是在纽约。

10.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatDonaldTrump

was.

A.wealthyandsuccessful

B.intelligentbutmean

C.good-temperedandtolerant

D.forgetfulandsensitive

A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的介绍和文中的Asof2016,

hewaslistedbyForbesasthe324thwealthiestpersoninthe

world,and156thintheUnitedStates,withanetworthof

$3.7billioninOctober2016.可知，特朗普是成功并富有的。故选

A项。

11.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.DonaldTrumpisonlysuccessfulinbusinessfield.

B.DonaldTrumpwasborninapoorfamily.

C.DonaldTrumpisinfavorofillegalimmigration.

D.DonaldTrumpwastheoldestpresidentoftheUnited

States.

D解析：细节理解题。根据文中的最后一句At70yearsold,

hebecametheoldestpersontoeverassumethepresidency.

可知，特朗普将成为美国最老的总统。故选D项。

H七选五

Inordertoachievebigthingsinyourlife,youmustbe

willingtothinkbig.1.Whenyou,rebusyworking

towardbringingyourgoalstolife,youalsofeelhappierin

yourjourney.Followthesestepstomakeyourgoalsareality.

2.Wheredoyouseeyourselfinayear,fiveyears

orten?Doyouseeyourselfwithafamily,children,agoodjob

andacollegedegreeintenyears?Trytothinkasfaraheadas

youcan.Payattentiontoeverydetail,andletyourdreams

cometolifeinyourmind,showingyouwhatmattersmostto

you.

3.Writedowneverythingyouimagine.

4.Writedownthemostimportantachievementsthat

youwanttocenteronandthedetailsabouteach.What

mattersmosttoyou?Onceyouhavealistofgoalsinmind,

workoutaplan.Howwillyouachievethesegoals?Divide

yourgoalsintoachievablesteps.

Startachievinggoalstoday.Putyourplansintoaction

today.5.Moveforwardeveryday,evenifyouareonly

takingasmallstepatatime.

Whenyoucanpicturewhatyourdesiredlifeislike,you

canbetterdecidethegoalsyouneedtosetandachieve.Allit

takesaresmallstepstowardyourdesiredfuture,andyou

canachievethelifeyou