基于语篇分析的七选五题型解题策略课件-高三英语二轮复习

基于语篇结构

分析七选五题型

解题技巧--ByAliceXu03Practice真题演练01Introduction考情介绍02Strategies解题策略04Conclusion技巧总结目录Contents

Afterthislesson,youwillbeableto:1.AnalyzethediscourseofGap-filling;2.ExploremethodsandidentifylogicalconnectionbyanalyzingthecontextonGap-filling;3.Withproblem-solvingstrategies,applytheskillstoexercisesinclass.

LearningObjectives01Introduction考情介绍题型解读：试题模式：给出一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。多以说明文为主。

考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻

辑意义的理解和掌握。根据设空处在文中的位置可分为三类题型：（1）段首题：所挖句子为主旨句或过渡句；（2）段尾题：所挖句子为总结句、过渡句或细节句；（3）段中题：所挖句子为细节句或过渡句，一般考查上下文的逻辑关系，以并列、递进、转折、让步、例证等关系居多。近五年高考真题七选五考点情况

年份卷别体裁类别主题段首段中段尾2024新课标I卷说明文人与自我使用英语词典的心得140新课标II卷说明文人与社会如何避免过度性旅游1312023新课标I卷说明文人与自我学会自我原谅的办法041新课标II卷说明文人与社会开启艺术之旅的建议1312022新课标I卷说明文人与社会如何找到健身伙伴041新课标II卷说明文人与社会写文章好修改技巧1402021新课标I卷记叙文人与社会巴黎一周生活经历140新课标II卷说明文人与社会提高阅读速度建议1222020新课标I卷记叙文人与社会公开演讲的一些原则131Howtogetfullmarks?关键词语篇逻辑02Strategies解题策略七选五阅读主题语境人与自我人与社会人与自然通常五六段，有时三四段语篇类型说明文(常考)记叙文/议论文(偶尔考)语篇结构有大小标题无大有小标题有大无小小标题大小都无标题总——分(——总)结构一、语篇结构Stragety2:运用语篇结构Strategy1:

Scanquicklyanddividethepassagetogetthemainidea.

(快速浏览、划分篇章，把握大意)OvertourismIsForReal:HowCanYouHelp?

①Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.36Certainlynot.Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday'sworld.Herearesometipsonmakingwisedecisionstominimizepressureontheplaceswevisitandimproveourexperience.

②●Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they'respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it'seasytofeellikeyou'remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.37

③●Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonover-touristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it'sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.38Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination'slesser-knownsights?

④●39Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.You'llcompetewithfewertourists,savemoney,experienceadifferentsideofapopularplace,andboosttheeconomywhentourismistraditionallyslower.

⑤Visitingaplacethatotherscallhomeisaprivilege（荣幸）.Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.40Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou'llfeeltothepeoplethere.文章结构：________总—分—总Strategy1:划分文章--大小标题都有【2024新高考II卷】

HowtoKeepaPetBirdQuiet

①Birdscanbeexcellentcompanions,buttheycanalsomakealotofnoise.Sometimesthatnoiseisunavoidable,butthereareafewstepsyoucantaketotrainyourbirdoutofloudorcontinuoussquawking（尖叫）.

②36Mostbirdstendtomakesomenoise,eitherbysingingorsquawking.Birdstendtobemostvocalduringwakinghoursinthemorningandbeforegoingtosleepintheevening.Somebirdsaremorelikelytomakenoisethanothers,butunderstandbeforebringingabirdhomethatsomenoisewillbeunavoidable.

③Teachyourbirdtospeaksoftly.Praiseyourbirdwhenhewhistlesorwhispers,insteadofsquawkingoryelling.37It'softeneasiertoteachthemsoft-spokenwordscomparedtoothertypesofsounds,Furthermore,it'simportanttomaintainacalmandgentletonewheninteractingwithyourbird.38Becausethiscouldstrengthenthebehavioryouaretryingtodiscourage.

④Avoidquickmovements.It'spossiblethatyouorsomeoneinyourhouseholdismovingtooquicklyaroundyourbird,causinghimtofeelanxiousorover-stimulated.39Ifyouhavechildrenlivingathome,teachthemnottorunthroughtheroomyourbirdisin.

⑤Provideyourbirdwithcomfortandsecurity.Birdsinthewildparticipatein"flockcalls"asawayofcommunicatingwithotherbirdsandensuringthesafetyoftheflock.Ifyourbirdislikelytosquawkwhenyouleavetheroom,itcouldbehisattemptatsendingyouaflockcall.40

Strategy1:划分文章--大小标题都有【2024年10月浙江强基高三联考】文章结构：______总—分找段落中心句

①Hobbiesaremorethanjustafunwaytokillthetime.Awidespreadandharmfulmisunderstandingisthatengaginginhobbiesmirrorsalackofself-discipline.36Infact,hobbiescanprovideessentialbalanceinourlivesandenhanceoverallwell-being.Thebenefitsyouobtainwilldependonyourhobby--takingupjogging,forinstance,willbenefityourcardiovascular(心血管的)healthmorethan,say,crosswordpuzzles,whichmayimproveyourcognitivehealth.Thepointisthatnearlyallhobbiescanprovidemeasurablepositivehealthbenefits.②Ifweregularlyspendtimeonhobbies,weusuallyenjoyahigherleveloffitness.37A2023comprehensiveanalysisofmultiplestudiesfoundstrongevidencethatengaginginleisureactivitiescanimprovehealthbyprotectingagainstheartdiseaseandage-relatedphysicaldecline.Thereport,publishedinthejournalLancetPsychiatry,foundthatforpeoplewhoweresufferingfromachronic(慢性的)illness,doingahobbyhelpedthemmanagetheirsymptomsandevenslowedtheprogressionoftheirillness.Butanotheroftheresearchers’findingsisperhapsthemoststriking:thestrongrelationshipbetweendoingleisureactivitiesandincreasedlongevity(长寿).38Itfoundthatolderadultshavea19%lowerriskofdisease-relateddeathwhentheyengageinregularleisureactivities.③

39Theyarevitaltosustainingourmentalhealth.Peoplewhomadeaconsciousefforteachdaytospendtimedoinghobbies(nomatterwhattheywere)showedanaverageboostof8%inwell-beinganda10%dropinstressandanxiety,accordingtoa2023studypublishedintheJournalofPersonality.“Onafundamentallevel,humansneedmeaning,somethingthatgivesthemasenseofpurpose,40”saysDr.Hafeez,whohasledseveralmassivestudiesonhobbies,“Engaginginwhatyouenjoygreatlyenhancesyourwell-being."④Withallthesevisiblebenefitsofhobbies,whynotjustmaketimeforactivitiesthatbringyoujoyandfulfillmenteveryday?Strategy1:--大小标题都无【2024年12月高三T8重点中学联合测评】找段落中心句

文章结构：________总—分—总

①Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).____36____Noeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly.

②Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus(同义词词典).Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.____37____Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus.

③____38____Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.④Inaddition,Ihaveanoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary,pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence.Ofcourse,withits2,672pages,it'snotexactlyshort.Itcontainsaround163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.____39____However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter.

⑤ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublishedin1755."Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,"wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof"dull".____40____Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.Strategy1:--大小标题都无【2024年新高考I卷】找段落中心句

文章结构：________总—分—总1、设空在段首遵循结构一致原则名词短语或祈使句承上启下●Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they'respecial.●Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonover-touristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.●39Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.You'llcompetewithfewertourists,savemoney,experienceadifferentsideofapopularplace,andboosttheeconomywhentourismistraditionallyslower.A.Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B.So,shouldwestoptraveling?C.Travelforyouandnooneelse.D.Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F.You'llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G.Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou'revisiting.1、设空在段首【2024新高考II卷】Step1:分析篇章结构Step2:划关键词关键词：1.thesamewords相同词2.synonym近义词3.antonym反义词4.wordsofthesameroot同根词5.wordsofthesamerange同畴词6.pronoun代词hard,difficult,challegechange,transformationhappyhappilyhappinessdrinkcoffeeteajuiceit,this,that,they,theseA√

②

36Mostbirdstendtomakesomenoise,eitherbysingingorsquawking.Birdstendtobemostvocalduringwakinghoursinthemorningandbeforegoingtosleepintheevening...butunderstandbeforebringingabirdhomethatsomenoisewillbeunavoidable.

③Teachyourbirdtospeaksoftly.Praiseyourbirdwhenhewhistlesorwhispers,insteadofsquawkingoryelling.

④Avoidquickmovements.It'spossiblethatyouorsomeoneinyourhouseholdismovingtooquicklyaroundyourbird,A.Understandbirdbehavior.B.Trainyourbirdtobequiet.C.Thismaybeespeciallyusefulforparrots.D.Givehimatreatforquietnesstoearnyourlove.E.Trysquawkingbacktolethimknowthatyou'resafe.F.Donotraiseyourvoiceinresponsetoyourbird'svolumeortone.G.Moveslowlyaroundyourbird,andencourageotherstodothesame.1、设空在段首【2024年10月浙江强基高三联考】Step1:分析篇章结构Step2:划关键词关键词：1.thesamewords相同词2.synonym近义词3.antonym反义词4.wordsofthesameroot同根词5.wordsofthesamerange同畴词6.pronoun代词Step3:原文和选项比对

A√Stragety2:运用语篇结构Strategy2:

CircleKeywords（圈关键词）1.thesamewords相同词2.synonym近义词3.antonym反义词4.wordsofthesameroot同根词5.wordsofthesamerange同畴词6.pronoun代词

1.

Sometimeskidsaregladtoheara“no”fromtheirparents.___A.Therearetwotypesofparentslove.B.Itseemsahappyfeelingtogetoutofparents’control.√synonym近义词Strategy2:CircleKeywords圈关键词2.Whenwechangeourjobsorschools,itoften

leavesuswithoutafriend.________Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.A.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.B.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.√antonym反义词transition转折关系Strategy2:CircleKeywords圈关键词3.

Makingatriptothekitchencouldbeafunwaytospendanafternoonindoors!_____Cookingwillgiveyoualotofopportunitiestoworkonsomething.A.Itwouldstayasamemoryoftheactivity.B.Everybodyinthefamilycouldgatherandcook√wordsofthesameroot同根词

Strategy2:CircleKeywords圈关键词4.Recently，peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈)._______Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.√pronoun代词Strategy2:CircleKeywords圈关键词5.Doingsomeexercisesinthedayshouldhelpyoufeeltired._______However,coffeeorteashouldbeavoidedastheycontaincaffeineandwillkeepyouawake.A.AbedtimedrinkcanalsohelpB.Havingagoodsleepwillkeepyoulivelythewholeday.√wordsofthesamerange同畴词

transition转折关系parallel并列关系Thesameword相同词Strategy2:CircleKeywords圈关键词6.

Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign…Doyouwantaroomthat'sfulloflife？Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday？_______，coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.

A.WhileallofthemareusefulB.Whateveryou'relookingforC.Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolor√Thesamewords相同词Strategy2:CircleKeywords圈关键词2、设空在段中

学生分析只看关键词，没有分析上下文的逻辑关系对大部分考生来说，比阅读理解要难，需要重视可以通过掌握做题技巧提升解题能力Stragety2:运用语篇结构Strategy3:

Findoutlogicalrelations(挖掘逻辑关系)1.Toknowthelogic.认识逻辑2.Tofeelthelogic.感受逻辑3.Topracticethelogic.练习逻辑4.Tousethelogic.运用逻辑Strategy3:Findoutlogicalrelations挖掘逻辑关系Tomsawabird.Thebirdwaswounded.Hetookthebirdtothezoo.Theworkersinthezoopraisedhim.Hearrivedhomelate.Hewashappy.Tomsawawoundedbird,sohetookittothezoo.Theworkersinthezoopraisedhim.Thoughhecamehomelate,hewashappy.Onthewayhome,Tom,ourmonitor,sawawoundedbirdthatseemedtobedying.Withouttheslightesthesitation,hetookthebirdtothezoonearbyassoonaspossible.Havingknownwhathadhappened,alltheworkersinthezoopraisedTomforhisdeeploveforbirds.

Tomdidn'tgohomeuntilthebirdwassavedandtreatedproperlyinthezoo.Itwasverylatewhenhearrivedhome,buthewashappyindeed.causeandeffect因果关系explanation解释关系parallelandprogressive

并列/递进关系transition转折关系Q&A问答关系reference指代关系Strategy3:Findoutlogicalrelations挖掘逻辑关系

7._____However,therealmoviecapitalisMumbai(孟买市),inIndia.A.Sometimestheyevenwritethescriptbyhand.B.MostpeoplethinkthatthecapitalofthemovieworldisHollywood,intheUSA.

transition转折关系√Strategy3:Findoutlogicalrelations挖掘逻辑关系

8._____Thisisbecausesomepeoplepossesscertainqualities,whichothersdonot.A.Somepeoplesucceed,whileothersmaynotB.Asthefamoussayinggoes,“Nopains,nogains.”causeandeffect因果关系√Strategy2:Findoutlogicalrelations挖掘逻辑关系

9.____Inotherwords,whenyouareinlovewithsomeone,youmayrefusetoseeanythingbadaboutthatperson.Anotherproverbsays“Loveisblind.”Proverbsarefoundinmostculturesandareoftenveryold.explanation解释关系√Strategy3:Findoutlogicalrelations挖掘逻辑关系10.Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.”36Accordingtorecentstudies，theanswerisabigYES，iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.

(2019para1）B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?√注意疑问句。如果选项中或空格前出现疑问句，一定要注意，因为不同疑问句，回答方式是不一样的.Q&A问答关系Q&A问答关系Strategy2:Findoutlogicalrelations挖掘逻辑关系11.Takinggoodnotesisatimesavingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.__________Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.A.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.B.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandremember.√Parallel并列关系Strategy3:Findoutlogicalrelations挖掘逻辑关系12.Butanotheroftheresearcher`sfindingisperhapsthemoststriking:thestrongrelationshipbetweendoingleisureactivitiesandincreaseslongevity(长寿).38Itfoundthatolderadultshavea19%lowerriskofdisease-relateddeathwhentheyengageinregularleisureactivities.E.Themoreyouengageinhobbies,thelongeryouwilllive.F.Adifferentstudyconductedlastyearconfirmedtheimpact.√Reference指代关系Strategy3:Findoutlogicalrelations挖掘逻辑关系

③Teachyourbirdtospeaksoftly.Praiseyourbirdwhenhewhistlesorwhispers,insteadofsquawkingoryelling.37It'softeneasiertoteachthemsoft-spokenwordscomparedtoothertypesofsounds,Furthermore,it'simportanttomaintainacalmandgentletonewheninteractingwithyourbird.38Becausethiscouldstrengthenthebehavioryouaretryingtodiscourage.A.Understandbirdbehavior.B.Trainyourbirdto