山东省潍坊2021-2022学年高一下学期期末测试英语试题 附解析

高一英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandoprobably?A.Seeadoctor. B.Goswimming. C.Dosomerunning.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:It’ssohot!Let’sgoforaswimlatertocooldown.W:IwishIcould,butIhaveanappointmentwithmydoctor.Luckily,Ididsomerunningthismorning.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatcausedthemarkonthewoman’sarm?A.Adog. B.Ababy. C.Aninsect.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whatisthatmarkonyourarm?Didyougettouchedbyaninsect?W:No,Iwasholdingmysister’sbabyandhebitme.He’slikealittledogchewingoneverything.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredidthemanleavehishag?A.Atschool. B.Onthebus. C.Athisfriend’s.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:You’relate.Whathappened?Ihopeyoudidn’tgetintotroubleatschool.M:No.IgotoffthebusandthenrealizedI’dleftmybagontheseat.Myfriendtookittohishouse,soIhadtogoandcollectit.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmanybooksdidthemanborrow?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Didyoureturnthosebookstothelibrarytoday?M:Itookasciencebookandahistorybook,butIhaven’tfinishedreadingthehistorybook.W:Don’tforgettotakeitbackwhenyou'vefinished.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesn’tthewomanwanttorun?A.Sheisbusy. B.Sheissleepy. C.Sheisinjured.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Areyoucomingforarun?IwanttogetsomeexercisenowthatI’verecoveredfrommyinjury.W:Sorry.nottoday,Joe.Ican’tkeepmyeyesopenafteralongdayatwork,soI’mgoingstraighttobed.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakerswaitingfor?A.Achicken. B.Arabbit. C.Afox.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Husbandandwife. C.Brotherandsister.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:Howlongdowehavetowait?I’mgettingcold.M:We’llwaitanothertenminutes-untilmidnight.Ifhedoesn’tappearbythenwe’llgobackinside.W:WillthechickensbeOK?M:Hedoesn’tattackthechickenseverynight.Perhapssometimesheprefersarabbit.W:Ireallywanttoseehim.Sodoesourdaughter.Wehaveneverseenawildfox.M:Theyarebeautifulcreatures.W:Ipromiseyouwon’tkillhimorinjurehim.M:Ofcoursenot.I’lljusttrytotraphimandthentakehimsomewherewherehecan’thurtthechickens.W:Maybehewilljustgoandfindsomeoneelse’chickens.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whydoesthemanhaveaheadache?A.Heneedsnewglasses.B.Hehasnotdrunkenoughwater.C.Hehasstaredatthescreenfortoolong.9.Whatdoesthemanprefer?A.Tea. B.Coffee. C.Water.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:I’mjustgoingtoliedown.Ihaveaheadache.W:Haveyoudrunkenoughwatertoday?M:Yes,plenty.Ithinkit’sjustbecauseI’vebeenstaringatthecomputerscreenallday.W:Maybeyoushouldgetyoureyestested.M:Ihadthemtestedafewmonthsago.Thedoctorsaidtheywerefine.W:Well,goliedown,andI’llmakeyousomefruittea.Thatalwayshelpsme.M:I’mnotabigteadrinker.Acoffeewouldbebetterforme.W:OK.I’llmakeyouoneofthoseinstead.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatisthewoman?A.Awriter. B.Alawyer. C.Apoliceofficer.11.Whendidthewomanbegintowritefulltime?A.Amonthago. B.Sevenyearsago. C.Tenyearsago.12.Whatdidthewomandotogetherwiththelocalofficers?A.Takethemforfreerides.B.Observetheireverydaylife.C.Askthemtonamecharactersinherbook.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【解析】【原文】M:Inthelast10years,you’vewritteneightbooks.Howdidyoufindthetime?W:Well,whenIstarted,Iwasstillworkingfulltimeasalawyer.M:Andwhendidyouquityourjobtowritefulltime?W:Sevenyearsago,afterthesecondbook.M:Onceyourealizedyoucouldmakealivingoutofit?W:MorethatIwasenjoyingitmorethanmydayjob.M:Thecharacterinyourbookisapoliceofficer.Howmuchresearchdidyoudo?W:Lots.Ispentamonthwithsomelocalofficers,ridingwiththemandseeingwhattheirdaywaslike.M:That’samazing.W:Yes,theywereverygenerousandinformative.Ievennamedcharactersinthebookafterthem.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.HowmuchwillMr.Taylorbepaid?A.￡20. B.￡40 C.￡80.14.WhichoneisprobablyMr.Taylor’sfavorite?A.Pies. B.Noodles. C.Biscuits.15.WhichtypeofnoodleswouldMr.Taylorbuy?A.Beefnoodles. B.Chickennoodles. C.Tomatonoodles.16.WhatdoesMr.Taylorthinkaboutthebiscuits?A.Hewon’tbuythem. B.Hereallylikesthem. C.Heprefersthemwithtea.【答案】13.C14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Mr.Taylor,thankyouforagreeingtocometoourproducttestingevent.M:That’sOK.Iliketheideaofbeingpaidtoeat.W:Well,wepay20foreachproduct,andtodaywe’llbeaskingyoutotestfourproducts.M:Ihopethey’repies.Ilovepies.W:I’mafraidnot.Wewantyoutotrythreetypesofpotnoodles,andalsosomebiscuits.M:Oh.OK.W:Firstthenoodles.Herearethreeflavors-beef,chickenandtomato.Telluswhatyouthink.M:Hmm,Ican’ttasteanychickenorbeefinthosetwo.Iwouldn’tbuythem.Buttheotherone-yes,Ilikethat.W:Andfinally,thebiscuits.WecalltheseCreamTreats.M:Oh,andIcanseewhy.Theywouldn’tbeeveryone’scupoftea,buttheyaremine.W:That’sgreat.Youhavebeenabighelptous.Pleasefeelfreetotakeawayanyoftheproductsyouhavetested.M:Thankyou.Itwasapleasure.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Hisfriend. B.Hisstudent. C.Hisson.18.Wherewasthespeaker’sfirststoponthetrip?A.Australia. B.America. C.India.19.HowdidthespeakerearnmoneyinAustralia?A.Bypaintinghouses. B.Byworkingataschool. C.Bygettinganofficejob.20.Whatisthespeaker’ssuggestion?A.Totrydifferentthings.B.Tohaveasimilarexperience.C.Totraveltoasmanyplacesaspossible.【答案】17.C18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】M:You’reabouttofinishhighschool,andIwanttoexplainwhatIdidwhenIwasyourage.Iwaslucky,atthattime,thatyourgrandfatherwassosupportive.Myfatheralwaysfirmlybelievedinme—thesamewaythatIbelieveinyou.That’swhy,aftergraduatingfromhighschoolinNewYork,yourgrandparentssentmeonatriptoAsiatolearnmoreaboutlife.IlandedinIndiaasafresh-faced18-year-oldkidwithendlesscuriosityabouttheworld.There,Iworkedataschoolinexchangeforfoodandaplacetostay.AlthoughIdidn’tearnanymoney,Iwashappyandlearnedsomuchaboutlife.Fromthere,IflewtoAustraliaandgotmyfirstjob.Thispositionwasn'tanofficejoboranythingfancy.Ipaintedhousesinthesunfor12hoursaday.I’mtellingyouthisstorynottoencourageyoutohaveasimilarexperience,buttoinspireyoutodoasmuchasyoucaninyourteensandearly20’s.You’llbegladyoudid.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWewanttoachievezerofinesandnothaveanyitemsreturnedlate.However,libraryfinesaredefinitelynecessary.Moreaboutfines:LostitemsTheLostItemchargewillapplyifwemarkanitemasConsideredLostbecauseitisnotrenewedwithintherequiredperiod.Youshouldpaythereplacementcostoftheitem.Ifitisstillnotrenewedaftertheduedate,youhavetopayextra￡200,plusa10inconveniencecharge.IfyouhavepaidforaConsideredLostitemandfinditlater,youwillnotbereturnedthecostoftheitem,butcankeeptheitem.LateitemsLateitem(Notreturnedontime)FineFlexibleloanitemsrequestedbyanotheruser￡2perdayorpartofadayLockerkeyrequestedbyanotheruser￡2perdayorpartofadayHowtoavoidfines◆Checkthe“Fines&Fees”tabregularly.◆Checkyouremailforrequestswhichhavechangedthereturndate.◆Returntheitemassoonaspossibletokeepyourfinelow.◆ContactusifyouhaveaproblemvisitingtheLibrarytodiscussyouroptions.Howtopayyourfines/charges◆Usecreditcard.◆PayonlineusingtheUniversity’sOnlineStore.Formoreinformation,pleasecontactus◆InpersonattheLibraryandITHelpDesk◆Emaillib-enquiry@york.ac.uk◆Phone(0190432)3838NoteFeelthatafineorchargeisunfair?ClickHEREtoexpressyourviewsforLibraryfines.21.Howmuchwillbechargedforalostbookworth￡35beforetheduedate?A.￡35. B.￡45. C.￡210. D.￡245.22.Whatcanreadersdotoavoidfines?A.Putoffthereturndateatwill. B.Givebacktheiteminperson.C.Haveadiscussionwiththeirpartners. D.Keepaneyeontherelevantinformation.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anofficialwebsite. B.Asciencemagazine.C.Alibrarynoticeboard. D.Anadmissionguide.【答案】21.A22.D23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于图书馆物品丢失和逾期的说明。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheLostItemchargewillapplyifwemarkanitemasConsideredLostbecauseitisnotrenewedwithintherequiredperiod.Youshouldpaythereplacementcostoftheitem.(如果一件物品没有在规定的期限内更新，我们将其标记为“视为丢失”，则需要支付遗失费用。你应该支付物品的重置成本)”可知，到期前丢失一本价值35英镑的书要支付35英镑。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Howtoavoidfines部分中“◆Checkthe“Fines&Fees”tabregularly.(◆定期查看“罚款和费用”标签)”可知，读者密切关注相关信息才能避免罚款。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ClickHEREtoexpressyourviewsforLibraryfines.(请点击这里表达你对图书馆罚款的意见)”可推知，文章可能选自官方网站。故选A。BItwassupposedtobeanormaltriptothesupermarket.Mysonwaslittle,anditwasgettingclosetonaptime,soIwasrushing.ButwhenIwenttostartthecar,IrealizedthatImusthavelockedmykeysinthetrunkwithmybag.SoItookmysonandwentbackinsidethestore.Ihadtousetheirphonetocallmyhusbandforthesparekey.Aftermanycallsandmessageswithnoanswer.Iwasgettingupset.Mysonwastiredandgettingfussy.Iwasexhaustedfromasleeplessnightthatallmomsgothroughwhentheirkidsareteething.Whenhewentintofull-oncrying,Ifelttearscomedownmyface,too.Anemployeeatthestoretappedmeontheshoulderandaskedmetocomewithher.Iwasfearfulforamoment,thinkingIwasgoingtobescoldedandthrownintothestorageareatokeepusquiet.Theemployee,whosenamewasKelly,tookme,tomysurprise,totheStarbuckscafeinsidethestore.Sheboughtmeacoffeeandsettleddownwithus.Aswetalked,mysonsettledintoasoundsleep.Afteraboutfifteenminutes,shesaidherbreakwasoverandifIcouldn’tcontactmyhusband,theywouldgetthetrunkopen.AfterIgothomethatdayIkeptthinkingaboutwhatKellyhaddoneformeandwantedtodosomething.So,KellyfromtheSafewayinDelaware,thesearethethingsthatyouhavedonebecauseIwasthinkingofyourkindnessasIdidthem:boldingdoorsforpeople,lettingsomeoneaheadofmeinline,hitting“yes”onthedonationbuttonatthecheckout,andmanyothers.IamsogladIlockedmykeysinthecarthatday.Whowouldhavethoughtacupofcoffeecouldhavesomuchofaneffectonaperson?24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fussy”meaninparagraph2?A.Hardtoplease. B.Frightenedtodeath. C.Movedtotears. D.Easytoapproach.25.WhydidKellytaptheauthorontheshoulder?A.Toscoldher. B.Tocomforther. C.Totellherastory. D.Tokeepherquiet.26.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbylistingwhatshedidinparagraph4?A.Sheledaverybusylife. B.Shewasindeedakindwoman.C.Kellymadeherabetterperson. D.Kellytookprideinherkindness.27Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ACupofCoffee B.AStoryofLostKeysC.AForgetfulMother D.AResponsibleEmployee【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在去超市的时候把车钥匙锁在了后备箱里，给丈夫打电话也没人接，而儿子因为累了也开始嚎啕大哭，这时一个店员为作者买了一杯咖啡，给了作者安慰。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Mysonwastiredandgetting”后文“Iwasexhaustedfromasleeplessnightthatallmomsgothroughwhentheirkidsareteething.Whenhewentintofull-oncrying,Ifelttearscomedownmyface,too.”可知，儿子累了，变得很难以取悦。当孩子长牙的时候，所有的妈妈都会经历一个不眠之夜，这让作者精疲力竭。当他嚎啕大哭的时候，作者觉得自己的眼泪也流下来了。故画线词意思是“难以取悦”。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theemployee,whosenamewasKelly,tookme,tomysurprise,totheStarbuckscafeinsidethestore.Sheboughtmeacoffeeandsettleddownwithus.Aswetalked,mysonsettledintoasoundsleep.Afteraboutfifteenminutes,shesaidherbreakwasoverandifIcouldn’tcontactmyhusband,theywouldgetthetrunkopen.(让我惊讶的是，这名名叫Kelly的员工带我来到了店内的星巴克咖啡厅。她给我买了杯咖啡，和我们一起坐了下来。就在我们谈话的时候，我儿子进入了酣睡。大约十五分钟后，她说她的休息时间结束了，如果我联系不上我丈夫，他们就会打开后备箱)”可知，Kelly拍作者的肩膀是为了安慰她。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“AfterIgothomethatday,IkeptthinkingaboutwhatKellyhaddoneformeandwantedtodosomething.So,KellyfromtheSafewayinDelaware,thesearethethingsthatyouhavedonebecauseIwasthinkingofyourkindnessasIdidthem:boldingdoorsforpeople,lettingsomeoneaheadofmeinline,hitting“yes”onthedonationbuttonatthecheckout,andmanyothers.(那天回家后，我一直在想Kelly为我做了什么，我想为她做点什么。所以，来自特拉华州西夫韦超市的Kelly，这些是你所做的事情，因为我在做这些事情的时候也想到了你的善良：为人们打开门，让别人排在我前面，在付款台的捐赠按钮上点击“是”，还有很多其他的事情)”可推知，作者想通过列举她在第四段中所做的事情来表明Kelly让她成为一个更好的人。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“IamsogladIlockedmykeysinthecarthatday.Whowouldhavethoughtacupofcoffeecouldhavesomuchofaneffectonaperson?(我真庆幸那天我把钥匙锁在车里了。谁能想到一杯咖啡会对一个人产生如此大的影响呢？)”结合讲述了作者在去超市的时候把车钥匙锁在了后备箱里，给丈夫打电话也没人接，而儿子因为累了也开始嚎啕大哭，这时一个店员为作者买了一杯咖啡，给了作者安慰。可知，A选项“一杯咖啡”最符合文章标题。故选A。CPicturethescene:you’vespentyearsworkingtowardsaveryspecificgoal.You’veputincountlesshoursofworkandmademanyeffortsalongtheway,butnowthatyou’vegotthereitdoesn’tfeelquitelikeyouimagined.Insteadofcelebration,youfeelemptiness,confusionanddoubt.Welcometotheanti-climax.Theoften-experiencedbutseldom-discusseddownsideofachievinglife’sbiggestmilestones.Manyofusworktirelesslytowardsourgoals.Wemayspendourlivesdreamingofthedaywegetmarried,publishourfirsthookorbuyourfirsthome.However,oftentimes,whenweachievethesethingsitdoesn’tfeelquiteasexpected.Infact,theachievementofthesegoalsfeelsabitofaletdown.Sowhydoweoftenexperienceananti-climaxwithbiggoals,eventhoughwe’rehappytoachievethem?“Ananti-climaxcanbeanunexpectedby-productofamilestoneachievement.Usually,themoresignificantthemilestone,thegreatertheanti-climaxmaybe.Theintensity（强度）ofananti-climaxoftenreliesonwhatweexpectofthisachievement.”saysRachelVora.apsychotherapist（心理治疗师）.“Thejourneytoachievingamilestonecanheexcitingandtiringinadditiontogivingusasenseofpurposeandfocus.Therefore,whenthisdisappearsovernight.wecanoftenfeellostandconfused,inspiteoffeelingproudofourachievement.Whenthishappensitcancontributetoamixtureofemotions.Weoftenfalselybelievethatwe’llfeelcompletelydifferentafterwardsorthatourfeelingsoflowself-worthwilldisappear,butthisisrarelythecase.“Clients（客户）oftenpresenttomewithanextremelygreatsenseof‘isthisit?’and‘whatnow?’.”saysVora.“Thesefeelingsofconfusionanddisappointment,ifletignored,havethepotentialtocauseclientstobeinlowspirits,orevenworse.”28.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexamplesinparagraph2?A.Topresentafact. B.Toprovearule.C.Toexplainaterm. D.Tomakeaprediction.29.WhatdoesVorathinkistheleadingcauseoftheanti-climax?A.Lowself-worth. B.Highexpectations.C.Senseofpurpose. D.Unexpectedachievements.30.Whichofthefollowingisaeaseoftheanti-climax?A.Amyfeltemptybeforegivingaspeech.B.Jackfeltlostafterhisfirstnovelcameout.C.Maryfeltproudwhenshejoinedaballetclub.D.Tomfeltdoubtfulabouttakingfurthereducation.31.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutinthefollowingtext?A.Howtoholdbackfeelings.B.Howtoimproveself-worth.C.Hontoidentifytheanti-climax.D.Howtodealwiththeanti-climax.【答案】28.C29.B30.B31.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，文章介绍了人们在完成目标后的反高潮现象。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Welcometotheanti-climax.Theoften-experiencedbutseldom-discusseddownsideofachievinglife’sbiggestmilestones.”欢迎来到反高潮。在实现人生最大的里程碑时，经常经历但很少讨论的负面影响。第二段开头就提到了术语anti-climax，后文又进行举例说明，所以作者在第二段提到的例子是为了解释术语，故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theintensityofananti-climaxoftenreliesonwhatweexpectofthisachievement.”saysRachelVora.”反高潮的强度往往取决于我们对这一成就的期望。蕾切尔·沃拉说。可知，Vora认为导致反高潮的原因是人们期望太高，故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“However,oftentimes,whenweachievethesethingsitdoesn’tfeelquiteasexpected.Infact,theachievementofthesegoalsfeelsabitofaletdown.”然而，通常情况下，当我们完成这些事情时，感觉并不像预期的那样。事实上，这些目标的实现让人感觉有点失望。可知，反高潮的表现是目标完成后感觉到失望，B项“杰克的第一部小说出版后感到很迷茫”，B项符合，故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Thesefeelingsofconfusionanddisappointment,ifletignored,havethepotentialtocauseclientstobeinlowspirits,orevenworse.”这些困惑和失望的感觉，如果被忽视，可能会导致客户情绪低落，甚至更糟。最后一段说明了反高潮对人们情绪的影响，所以后文应该对此现象提出建议，故选D项。DInlookingthroughyoursocialmedia,there’sagoodchanceyou’venoticedpicturesaccompaniedbytexts.Thepicturesarelikelymadepossiblebyatext-to-imageprogramcalledDALL-E.Forexample,Twitteruserpostedatweetwiththetext,“Tobeornottobe,rabbiholdingavocado,marblesculpture.”Thenamatchingpictureappearsbelow.TheAImodelscomefromGoogle’sImagensoftwareaswellasOpenAI.astart-upbackedbyMicrosoft.Onitswebsite,OpenAIcallsDALL-E“anewAlsystemthatcancreaterealisticimagesandartfromadescriptioninnaturallanguage.”Butmostofwhat’shappeninginthisareaiscomingfromarelativelysmallgroupofpeoplesharingtheirpictures.That’sbecauseGoogleandOpenAIhavenotmadethetechnologybroadlyavailabletothepublic.Thetext-to-pictureservicesidentifythemostimportantpartsofauser’stextandthenguessthebestwaytopicturethoseterms.There’sgenerallyatextbox,abuttontostartthegenerationprocessandanareabelowtodisplayimages.Toindicatethesource.GoogleandOpenAIaddwatermarksinthebottomrightcomerofimagesfromDALL-EandImagen.Engineerstrainedthemodelsonvariouscollectionsofwordsandpicturesfromtheweb.OpenAIrecognizesthepotentialforharmthatcouldcomefromamodel.Toavoidtherisk,employeesremovedviolentcontentfromtrainingdata,andtherearefilters（筛选）stoppingDALL-Efromproducingimagesifuserssubmit（提交）violentorillegalcontent.BorisDayma,adeveloperfromTexasspelledouttheproblemsinanexplanationoftheirsoftware.Despitetherisks,Dhariwal,aresearchscientistatOpenAI,saiditcouldopenupcreativeopportunitiesforindividualsandcouldhelpwithcommercialapplicationsfordressingupwebsites.Resultsshouldcontinuetoimproveovertime.32.WhatisthefunctionofthetheAIsystemDALL-E?A.Beautifyingpicturesatusers’request.B.Producingpicturesfromhumanwords.C.Changingpicturesintovividdescriptions.D.Providingpicturesforuserstochoosefrom.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkaboutconcerningDALL-E?A.Itsusers’rights. B.ItsoperatingconditionsC.Itsworkingprocess. D.Itscompany’sprospect.34.HowcouldDALL-Eensuretheimagesitproduceslegal?A.Allimagescomefromaunifiedmodel.B.Thetrainingdataisselectedbeforehand.C.Improperrequestscan’tbesubmitted.D.Filtersremovetheunhealthydescription.35.WhatisDhariwal’sattitudetothefutureofDALL-E?A.Positive. B.Objective. C.Uncertain. D.Worried.【答案】32.B33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了人工智能系统DALL-E的功能。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thepicturesarelikelymadepossiblebyatext-to-imageprogramcalledDALL-E.”（这些图片可能是由名为DALL-E的文本转换图像程序实现的。）可知，AI系统DALL-E的功能是把人类的文字转换成图片，故选B项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“There’sgenerallyatextbox,abuttontostartthegenerationprocessandanareabelowtodisplayimages.Toindicatethesource.GoogleandOpenAIaddwatermarksinthebottomrightcomerofimagesfromDALL-EandImagen.”(通常有一个文本框，一个按钮来开始生成过程，下面有一个区域来显示图像。表示源。谷歌和OpenAI在DALL-E和Imagen图片的右下角添加水印。)可知，第三段主要描述了DALL-E的工作过程。故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Toavoidtherisk,employeesremovedviolentcontentfromtrainingdata,andtherearefiltersstoppingDALL-Efromproducingimagesifuserssubmitviolentorillegalcontent.”(为了避免风险，员工从培训数据中删除了暴力内容，如果用户提交暴力或非法内容，DALL-E还会使用过滤器阻止其生成图像。)可知，DALL-E的训练数据是事先选定的，以此来确定产生的图片都是合法的，故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despitetherisks,Dhariwal,aresearchscientistatOpenAI,saiditcouldopenupcreativeopportunitiesforindividualsandcouldhelpwithcommercialapplicationsfordressingupwebsites.Resultsshouldcontinuetoimproveovertime.”(尽管存在风险，OpenAI的研究科学家达利瓦说，它可以为个人打开创造性的机会，并可以帮助美化网站的商业应用。随着时间的推移，结果应该会继续改善。)可知Dhariwal对于DALL-E的未来抱有积极态度，故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题25分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MarsistrulyafascinatingplanetforthoseofushereonEarth.____36____ItisabouthalfasbigasEarthandisoftenreferredtoastheRedPlanetbecauseofitsredsurface.TheRedPlanethasthelargestvolcanointhesolarsystem-OlympusMons.____37____That’saboutthreetimestheheightofMountQomolangma.Marsalsohasanatmosphere,butitisverythinandmadeupmostlyofcarbondioxide.BecauseofitsthinatmosphereandgreaterdistancefromtheSun,MarsismuchcolderthanEarth.____38____TheduststormsofMarscangrowsobigthatsometimestheyblankettheentireplanetandlastformonths.ThepolesonMarsarealotlikeAntarctica,cappedbyice,butmuchofMars’siceismadefromcarbondioxide,notwater.ScientistsbelievethatstudyingMarscanhelpanswersomeofthekeyquestionsaboutourplanetEarth,oreventheuniverse.____39____Since1960,morethanhalfofallattemptedMarsmissionshavefailed.TheUSA,Russia,theEuropeanSpaceAgency,andseveralothercountrieshavelostmanyspacecraftintheirquesttoexploretheRedPlanet.Nevertheless,theywillstillcontinuetheirexplorations.ChineseexpertsareconfidentabouttheirplantoexploreMars,inspiteofthemanychallenges.ThefirstMarsunmannedspacecraftwaslaunchedfromWenchangaround2020.Butitisonlythebeginningofdeepvoyagesintoouterspace.____40____A.Itisroughly27kilometreshigh.B.MissionstoMarshaveneverbeeneasy.C.Mars,however,todayhasnoactivevolcanoes.D.Thetemperatureattheplanet’ssurfacevarieswidely.E.However,Marsdoeshaveweather,withcloudsandwinds.F.Chinawillcontinuetoexplorethemysteriesoftheuniverse.G.Itisoneofthefewplanetsthatwecanseewithourowneyes.【答案】36.G37.A38.E39.B40.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火星的自然环境以及火星任务的实施难度。【36题详解】根据上文“MarsistrulyafascinatingplanetforthoseofushereonEarth.(对于我们地球上的人来说，火星确实是一个迷人的星球)”以及后文“ItisabouthalfasbigasEarthandisoftenreferredtoastheRedPlanetbecauseofitsredsurface.(它大约有地球的一半大，经常被称为红色星球，因为它的表面是红色的)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是在介绍火星，G选项中it指代Mars。故G选项“它是少数几个我们能用肉眼看到的行星之一”符合语境，故选G。【37题详解】根据上文“TheRedPlanethasthelargestvolcanointhesolarsystem-OlympusMons.(这颗红色星球上有太阳系中最大的火山——奥林匹斯山)”以及后文“That’saboutthreetimestheheightofMountQomolangma.(这大约是珠穆朗玛峰高度的三倍)”可知，本句是在说明奥林匹斯山的高度。故A选项“大约27千米高”符合语境，故选A。【38题详解】根据上文“Marsalsohasanatmosphere,butitisverythinandmadeupmostlyofcarbondioxide.BecauseofitsthinatmosphereandgreaterdistancefromtheSun,MarsismuchcolderthanEarth.(火星也有大气层，但大气层很薄，主要由二氧化碳组成。由于火星大气层稀薄，距离太阳更远，所以它比地球冷得多)”以及后文“TheduststormsofMarscangrowsobigthatsometimestheyblankettheentireplanetandlastformonths.ThepolesonMarsarealotlikeAntarctica,cappedbyice,butmuchofMars’siceismadefromcarbondioxide,notwater.(火星上的沙尘暴会变得非常大，有时会覆盖整个星球，持续数月之久火星的两极很像南极洲，被冰覆盖，但火星的大部分冰是由二氧化碳而不是水构成的)”可知，本句是在说明火星上的气候，后文提到了沙尘暴，可见火星上有风，故E选项“然而，火星确实有天气，有云和风”符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据后文“Since1960,morethanhalfofallattemptedMarsmissionshavefailed.(自1960年以来，超过一半的火星任务都失败了)”可知，后文提到很多火星任务都失败了，可见火星任务并不容易实施。故B选项“火星任务从来都不容易”符合语境，故选B。【40题详解】根据上文“ChineseexpertsareconfidentabouttheirplantoexploreMars,inspiteofthemanychallenges.ThefirstMarsunmannedspacecraftwaslaunchedfromWenchangaround2020.Butitisonlythebeginningofdeepvoyagesintoouterspace.(尽管面临诸多挑战，中国专家对他们的火星探测计划充满信心。第一艘火星无人飞船于2020年前后在文昌发射升空。但这只是外太空深度航行的开始)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明中国对宇宙的探索方向，故F选项“中国将继续探索宇宙的奥秘”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WehadjustcompletedaunitonheroesandIhadgivenmykindergartenclassataskto____41____theirfavoritehero.Eachchildwas____42____withthetask,creatingcolorfulmasterpieces.However,onelittleboywashaving____43____withthetask.Cameronwaswithautism,butthatdidn’tmattertomeorhisclassmates.Weall____44____himjustthewayhewas.IsatandwatchedasAustin,aprecociouslittleboy,____45____withCameron.Withinafewminutes,Cameronquicklybegandrawingandthencoloringhispaper.Finally,itwastimeforeverybodytosharetheirpictures.Ilistenedaseachstudent____46____stoodinfrontoftheclass,pictureheldhigh,and____47____hisorherhero.ItwasfinallyCameron’s____48____.Hestoodupandanxiouslyplacedhisdrawinginfrontofhis____49____toavoideyecontact.Weallfixedoureyesonthepicture.____50____toknowwhoitwas.Hethensaiditwasapictureofme.HeaddedthatIhelpedhimlearnthingsandthen____51____satdown.Tearsbegantoforminmyeyes,butnothingcouldhave____52____meforwhathappenednext.WhenAustinstoodup,heproudlyheldupapictureofCameron.AustinsharedthatCameronwashisherobecauseCameronhadthis____53____thatmadeitreallyhardtolearn,buthewaslikeSupermanandwasreallysmart.Cameronimmediatelystoodup,andputhisarmsupintheairasifheweregoingto____54____,yellingout,“I’mSuperman!”TheentireclassbeganstrikingSupermanposes,too.Withinminutes,wewerealllaughingasthoughwehadtrulydiscoveredthesecretofbecoming____55____.41.A.draw B.choose C.interview D.write42.A.angry B.busy C.bored D.satisfied43.A.patience B.fun C.difficulty D.connection44.A.judged B.admired C.ignored D.loved45.A.fought B.argued C.agreed D.worked46.A.proudly B.instantly C.shyly D.frequently47.A.preferred B.described C.followed D.compared48.A.fault B.duty C.turn D.point49.A.back B.chest C.stomach D.face50.A.curious B.certain C.surprised D.disappointed51.A.unwillingly B.bravely C.quickly D.impolitely52.A.asked B.prepared C.accounted D.excused53.A.preference B.habit C.sickness D.hobby54.A.setoff B.backoff C.showoff D.takeoff55.A.masters B.superheroes C.figures D.leaders【答案】41.A42.B43.C44.D45.D46.A