2025年外研版高二英语寒假复习：核心知识点+题型练习（选择性必修一）复习-原卷版

专题05核心知识点和题型训练（选择性必修一）复习

T模块导航A

考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢

重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺

难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升

学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破

考点聚焦

i.核心词汇

2.重点短语

3.长难句分析

4.题型训练

»重点专攻

核心词汇

1.moodn.心情

2.amusementn.娱乐，消遣

3.entertainv.使快乐

4.examineV.检查（身体）

5.essentialadj.极其重要的，必不可少的

6.deserveV.应得，应受到

7.interactionn.交流

8.fellown.男人，家伙

9.conceptn.概念，观念

lO.whisperV.悄声说，低语

11.concludeV,结束，终止

12.composern.作曲家

13.pacen.速度，进度

14.rarelyadv.很少，难得

15.rejectionn.拒绝，否决

16.neverthelessadv.然而，不过

17.classicn.名著；经典作品

18.guaranteeV.保证，确保

19.outcomen.结果，后果

20.worthwhileadj.重要的，值得做的

21.enthusiasticadj.热心的，热衷的

22.appreciativeadj.感激的

23.worthyadj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的

24.permanentadj.长久的，永久的

25.embarrassedadj.难堪的，尴尬的

26.expectationn.预料，预期

27.remarkableadj.非凡的，不寻常的

28.vividadj.生动的，逼真的

29.assignV.分配，分派

30.opponentn.对手

31.defeatV.战胜，打败

32.cooperationn.合作，协作

33.intenseadj.紧张的，激烈的

34.motionn.动，运动

35.abstractadj.抽象的

36.innovativeadj.新颖的，创新的

37.trendn.趋势，动向

38.contrastn.反差，对比

39.literallyadv.根据字面意思

40.distinctadj.清晰的；明显不同的

41.distantadj.遥远的

42.samplen.样本

43.suspectV.猜想，怀疑，觉得

44.generateV.产生，创造

45.characteristicn.特征，特性

46.declineV.减少

47.blameV.责怪，指责

48.primitiveadj.原始的，低等的

49.detectV.发现，察觉

50.linkV.把……联系起来；连接

51.massiveadj.巨大的

52.delicateadj.脆弱的

53.splendidadj.壮丽的

54.leisuren.空闲，闲暇

55.wanderV.徘徊

56.disturbV.干扰，扰乱

57.favourn.支持，赞同

58.preferencen.优先（权）

59.negotiableadj.可协商的

60.qualificationn.技能条件，资格

【考点再现】

单词拼写

1.Don'tspendyourvacationisaplacewhereeverythingistooexpensivetomaintainapositive.（心情）

2.Theteacher（使'快乐）thestudentsforhourswithstoriesinordertocheerthemup.

3.Thedoctor（检查）herbutcouldfindnothingwrongexceptthatshewasinabadmood.

4.1（彳艮少）havetimetothinkabouthowtodealwithabadmoodatwork.

5.Likethoseearlydaysforemployers,Ifacedalotof（拒绝）andfrustrations.

6.Hewasemotionalinsuchanawkwardsituation.（然而），hesucceededinholdingbackhisemotions.

7.Thelinguisfsmanuscriptshouldbe（保证）tobesafelyshiftedtoanotherlibrary.

8.Theplanofthecooperationhassucceededbeyondour.（预期）

9.Therewillalwaysbesomeonewhowantstodestroyyour（自信）andmakeyoudoubtyourdreamof

becomingarealwarrior.

10.Thecomposerincludedsome（民间的）musicelementsinhisnewsong.

11.Theessaywasfullofcomplicated.（弓I语）

12.Theoutlineoftheshipbecamemore（清晰的）.

13.Somephrasescannotjustbetranslated（根据字面意思）,forexample,"longface99,whichactually

meansunhappy.

14.Atechnicianmustbefullofideasof（仓新）tobeoutstandingintheintensecompetition.

15.Therootsoftheplantareextremely（脆弱的）andcanbedamagedbypollutedwater.

16.Touristsfromallovertheworldcometoseethe（壮丽的）sceneryoftheplateau.

17.Antelopesareeatinggrassattheir（闲暇）intheboundlessstretchofthegrassland.

18.Thefellow（徘徊）aimlesslyaroundthestreets.

19.Theeconomyofthecountryhasrisen（平稳地）inthepasttwoyears.

20.Theeffectoftheemissionsofcarbondioxideontheenvironmentis（巨大的）.

必背短语

1.lookthrough浏览，快速查看

2.cheerup使高兴起来，使振作起来

3.concentrateon集中注意力于；全神贯注于

4.takeoff飞机起飞；开始成功

5.takeaway带走，拿走

6.makesense有意义，有道理

7.throwlighton使容易理解

8.fallbehind不能按时完成工作

9.have...incommonwith…与..有共同之处

10.struggletodosth.努力/争取做某事

11.haveaneffecton对..有影响

12.comeacross偶然遇见，偶然发现

13.teamupwith与..合作，与....协作

14.afarcryfrom与..大不相同

15.attach...to…把..固定在....上

16.giveway倒塌，向下垮

17.followinone飞footsteps仿效某人；继承某人

18.carryon继续；进行

19.endup结果为..,以....结束

20.setout开始，着手；出发，动身

21.payoff取得成功，奏效

22.inspiresb.todosth.激励/鼓舞某人做某事

23.passdown把.传给后人；把....往下传

24.bringout使显现，使表现出

25.betiredfrom因..而疲倦

26.beamazedby对..感到惊奇

27.makeup组成；构成；编造；化妆

28.avarietyof各种各样的

29.beaccessibleto可以进入；可以使用；可以接近

30.upto达到；胜任；由……决定

31.datebackto起源于；追溯到

32.answerthecall响应号召；接电话

33.cometoexist开始存在

34.adaptto适应

35.beharmfulto对..有害

36.atone'sleisure空闲时

37.bring...tolife使..更有趣；使....更生动

38.beconcernedabout关心；挂念

39.highlighttheimportanceof强调..的重要性

40.infhvorof支持，赞同

【考点再现】

根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语

1.Itwasyourencouragementandsupportthat（使我振作起来）andhelpedmeget

throughthehardtimes.

2.Ifthedataisstatisticallyvalid,itwill（使较容易理解）theproblemweare

investigating.

3.Ican*tbelieveheaskedmeaboutprivatequestionsinfrontofthewholeoffice.He

really（使我难堪）.

4.Whatdogreatscientists（有....共同点）？

5.Thebeautifulplaceis（与....大不相同）wheremanyofthemlive.

6.arecentphotograph（把...附在）yourapplicationform.

7.Theoldhouse（倒塌）andmanypeopleweretrappedundertheruins.

8.Aftergraduation,LiuGangdecidedto（追随他祖父的脚步）

andworkonthefamilyfarm.

9.Thegovernment（开始做）makenecessaryreformsrecentlytoraisepeople's

livingstandards.

10.WethoughtJohnwoulddowell,buthehassucceeded（超出了我们的预期）.

11.YangLiping'sdancecomesfromthetraditionalbeliefoftheDaipeopleandaimsto（展示）theDai

women'sbeauty.

12.Wedidn'taskforallthechallengesthatweface,butwe'redeterminedto（响应号召）to

meetthem.

13.Thiskindofplant（产生）onEarthmillionsofyearsago.

14.Aslongaspeoplehaveabeliefandpursuesomething,theycanendureanyhardshipand

（适应）anyenvironment.

15.Theislandofferssuch（各种各样的）sceneryandwildlifethatitattractsmany

tourists.

16.AgroupofTibetanantelopesismovingunderthebridge,withsomestoppingtoeatgrass

_____________________（悠闲地）.

17.Waterbirdsplayinginthelake,andcattleandsheepwanderingthegrasslandsthescenery

（使...更生动）.

18.Witheveryoneseated,theheadteacherbeganthemeeting,（强调....的重要性）

self-disciplineforseniorhighstudents.

19.Thiscompany（由....组成）morethantwentybranchesalloverthecountryin2021.

20.Weareall（支持）spendingwhateverisnecessarytofightairpollution.

重点句式

1.强调句型

教材原句

Althoughifsthedoctorsandnurseswhowilltreatherinjury,ifsmyjobtomakeherfeelbetter.

尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。

句式仿写

___________________________________kindledherinterestinmusic.

是她的老师激发了他对音乐的兴趣。

2.部分否定

教材原句

Achievingapositivestateofmindisn'teasyforeveryone.

达到积极的形态并非对每个人来说都是容易的。

句式仿写

actsthesameinresponsetoevents.

并非每个人对事件的反应都一样。

3.独立主格结构

教材原句

Theresponsefromapublishercomesbackandthewritereagerlyopensandreadsit,theirheartssinkingwhenthey

reachthatfinalsentence.

出版商给了回信，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，心随即跌落谷底。

句式仿写

___________________________,hefeltrelaxed.

问题解决了，他感觉轻松了。

4.with复合结构

教材原句

HarryPotterbecameaglobalsuccess,withover400millionbookssoldandtranslatedintomorethanseventy

differentlanguages.

《哈利•波特》后来在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。

句式仿写

With,Ihadtotakeataxi.

有这么多行李要拿，我不得不乘坐出租车。

5.“only+状语”位于句首引起的部分倒装

教材原句

OnlywhendarknesshadagaindescendeduponmeshouldIrealizehowmuchIhadleftunseen.

只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到，我还有那么多没有看到。

句式仿写

Onlywhenwefollowthelawsofnature.

只有当我们遵守自然法则时我们才能更好地与大自然和谐相处。

6.that引导地同位语从句

教材原句

StephenCurryislivingproofthatwhatotherpeoplethinkofyoudoesnothavetoinfluencewhatyoubecome.

斯蒂芬库里也生动地证明了别人对你的看法并不一定会影响你成为什么人。

句式仿写

Theyweredelightedattheirteamhadwon.

当听到他们球队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。

7.过去分词（短语）作状语

教材原句

Ledbywell-knownChinesevolleyballplayerandcoachLangPing,theyhavecontinuedtoaimhigh.

作为知名的前中国女排运动员和中国女排总教练，郎平带领着队员们不断力争上游。

句式仿写

,thegirlsaidthatshewantedtobeateacher.

当被问到未来的计划时，这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。

8.不定式作主语

教材原句

TolistentoTan'smusicistoexperienceamixofChinesemusicaltraditionsandWesterninfluences.

欣赏谭盾的音乐，就是在感受中国音乐传统和西方影响的交融。

句式仿写

________________istobelieve.

眼见为实。

9.sothat引导目的状语从句

教材原句

Scientistshopetolearnmoreaboutthisplantwarningsystem,sothatwecanuseittogrowcropswithout

pesticides.

科学家希望能进一步了解这种植物警报系统，从而将其应用于种植不用使用农药的农作物。

句式仿写

Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoretonarrowthegapbetweenthem

understandeachotherbetter.

父母和孩子应该多交流，缩小他们之间的代沟，一边更好地理解彼此。

10.eventhough/evenif引导让步状语从句

教材原句

Eventhoughtheownerofthecompanyguaranteesthatthedesignwillbeinharmonywithitsbeautiful

surroundings,thelocalpeoplearestillconcernedthatthehotelmayuseupnaturalresources.

虽然该公司老板保证设计将与周围优美地环境相协调，但当地人仍然担心酒店会耗尽自然资源。

句式仿写

weachievedgreatsuccessinourwork,weshouldnotbeproud.

尽管在工作中取得了巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。

题型训练

一、阅读理解

A

Animportantdevelopmentinforensicscience,thescientificmethodsusedforfindingoutaboutacrime,has

comefromcooperativeeffortsbetweenresearchersatShanghaiNormalUniversityinChinaandtheUniversityof

BathintheUK.

Theteamworkhasledtothecreationofawater-solublefluorescentspray(水溶性荧光喷雾)that

significantlyadvancedthedetectionofpossiblefingerprints.Unliketraditionalmethodsthatofteninvolvetheuse

ofpoisonousorenvironmentallyharmfulchemicals,thisinnovativesprayoffersasaferandgreenerchoice.

Bytargetingtheinvisibleprintsleftbehindbysweatoroilonsurfaces,thesprayquicklymakesthemvisible

withinseconds,promotingconvenienceandspeedinforensicinvestigations.Accordingtoresearchers,itswater

solubilityfurtherimprovesitsapplicability,allowingforadaptableusedirectlyatcrimescenes.

Detectinglatent(hidden)fingerprints(LFPs)isimportantinforensicscience,buttheirinvisiblenatureposes

challenges.Traditionalmethodslikepowderdustingandchemicalshavelimitationsinspeedandsafety.Usingthe

fluorescencepropertiesofGreenFluorescentProtein(GFP),theresearchershavedevelopedtwodistinctdyes(染

料)一LFP-YellowandLFP-Redtoaddressthesechallenges.Thesedyesexhibitan“ofTon“fluorescenceresponse

upondifferentpartsofLFPs,byselectivelyattachingtosmallelementspresentinfingerprints.Underbluelight,

theygiveoutasoftfluorescentlight,enablingeasydetection.Developedfromjellyfish(水母；海萤)，GFPservesas

abiologicalbasisforthesedyes,ensuringtheydonotaffectthefollowingDNAanalysisofthefingerprints.

Accordingtoresearchers,applyingthesedyesinvolvesafinespray,whichpreventsdamagingspotsand

offersacleanerway,comparedtotraditionalmethods.Itworksperfectlyevenonroughsurfaceslikebrick,where

collectingfingerprintscanbeparticularlyarduous.

“Thissystemcanevenbeusedonfingerprintsthatareaweekold.Havingtwodifferentcolorsavailable

meansthespraycanbeusedondifferentcoloredsurfaces.We'rehopingtoproducemorecolorsinthefuture.

We'relookingforcooperationwithvariouscompaniestobringthedyestomarketforwideavailability.

Additionally,ongoingresearchanddevelopmenteffortswillbeneededtocontinuetoimprovetheirproducts,9,said

ProfessorTonyJames,fromtheUniversityofBath.

1.Whatistheadvantageofthenewsprayoverpreviousmethods?

A.Ifsmoreaccurateandapplicable.B.It'smoreeffectiveandeco-friendly.

C.It'scolorfulandeasytoproduce.D.It'scleanerandconvenienttocarry.

2.HowdothetwodyesmakeLFPsvisible?

A.ByhelpingcollectandanalyzetheDNAofthem.

B.Byattachingtothemandexhibitingthemasfluorescentlight.

C.Bytakinginfluorescenceandreflectingbluelighttothem.

D.Byslowingdownthefluorescenceresponseoffingerelements.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"arduous“meaninthefifthparagraph?

A.Practical.B.Fruitful.C.Debatable.D.Difficult.

4.WhatdoTonyJames'wordsintendtosayaboutthespray?

A.Itslimitationsonfingerprints9existencetimewillberemoved.

B.Itwillbeappliedtovariousfieldsinthefuture.

C.Itsimprovementcanpromiseabrighterfuture.

D.ItcouldreplaceDNAanalysisinforensics.

B

Whenyouaccomplishsomethingamazing-likeearningapromotion,finishingayearlongprojector

finallypayingoffyourcreditcarddebts一you'dthinkaburstofhappinesswouldbefollowedbyrelief.Youcan

evenrelaxalittle.Right?Notforeveryone.It'sactuallynotunusualtofeelmoreanxiousfollowinggoodnewsor

hard-earnedsuccessthanyoudowhenyou'reputtingoutfiresorworkinghard.

“Anxietycanbeabittricky,asit'saresponsethat'shard-wiredintothebrain,“saidCarlaMarieManly,a

California-basedclinicalpsychologistandauthorofJoyfromFear."Thebrain'sfearcircuit(回路)worksvery

quickly,anditdoesn'talwaysstoptotellthedifferencebetweengoodanxietyandbad.So,whensomethinggood

happens,thephysicalsymptomsyoufeelaresimilartothosethatyouassociatewithpanicorfbar.”

Therearesomethingsyoucandowhenaccomplishingsomethingpositivetriggers(触发)moreanxiety.But

evenwhenyouareabletodistinguishbetweenfeelingsofexcitement(goodstress)andpanic(badstress)after

success,theclimbdownfromMountEuphoriacanbeananxietytriggerinitself.Whenyourbodybecomes

accustomedtoalong-timestateofanxiety,thepositivephysiologicalchangesthathappenaftergoodnewscan

triggerthesensethatsomethingisn'tright-simplybecauseyou'renotusedtofeelinggood.

Thisreactionmayalsobeworsebecauseofapotentialbeliefthatthegoodeventwillprobablybefollowed

bysomethingbad-perhapsbecause,inthepast,badthingsthathavehappenedtoyouoftenoccurredwhenyou

weredoingwellorthingswererelativelycalm,saidJoEckler,aTexas-basedclinicalpsychologistandauthorofI

Can'tFixYou—BecauseYou'reNotBroken.Insteadofenjoyingthemoment,youspendthattimewaitingforthe

othershoetodrop.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Badnewsusuallyresultsinanxiety.B.Sometimes,successmaycontributetomoreanxiety.

C.Feelingshavenothingtodowithsuccess.D.Apromotionissuretomakepeopleexcited.

6.WhatleadspeopletobeanxiouswhensomethinggoodhappensaccordingtoManly?

A.Therateofpeople'sbrainreaction.B.Theabilitytodistinguishfeelings.

C.Theworkingspeedofthebrain'sfearcircuit.D.Thenumberofgoodthingsthathappen.

7.WhichofthefollowingisstatedbyJoEckler?

A.Nothingcanpreventpeople'sanxietyafterhappiness.

B.Ifstimeforpeopletoforgetbadthingsthathappenedinthepast.

C.Anxietyhappensaftersuccessforpeopleaccustomedtofeelingbad.

D.Theworryaboutbadfutureeventscanmakepeoplefeelmoreanxious.

8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowtoDealwithAnxietyinLife.

B.HowtoFeelMuchHappierAfterAnxiety.

C.WhyYouGetMoreAnxiousAfterGoodNewsHappens.

D.TheReasonsforBeingAfraidSomethingGoodWillHappen.

二、七选五

Peopleareconstantlybombarded（轰炸）withunrealisticandpotentiallyharmfulimagesof“ideal”body

types.]It'salsoimportanttolearnwhatyourbodycanphysicallydoandbecomecomfortable.Inorder

toacceptyourbody,it'simportanttogetintouchwithbothoftheseaspectsofyourbodyontheirownterms.

2Thismeansnottryingtochangewhoyouareorfocusonqualitiesyoudon'tlike.Learntoenjoy

yourbody------howyoumove,feel,andgetaround.Letgoofhowyouusedtolook,especiallyifyourbodyhas

undergonechangesfrominjuries,ormedicalconditions.Bekindtoyourbodyasitisrightnow.

Replacenegativethoughtswithpositiveones.Assoonasyounoticeyourselfstartingtohaveanegative

thought,replaceitwithsomethingpositiveaboutyourself.Giveyourselftimetogetintothehabitofthinking

positively.Trystartingeachdaybythinkingafewpositivethoughts.3

Compareyourselfonlytoyourself.4There9snopointincomparingyourselftoothers,regardless

ofwhetherthepersonisacelebrityorclassmatesittingnexttoyou.Instead,compareyourselfintermsofhowyou,

veprogressedovertime,nowthatyou'vecreatedyourownrealisticgoals.Forexample,youmightthinkto

yourselfthatyou'veimprovedyourappearancecomparedtoafewyearsago.

Knowwhentoseekhelp.Understandthatnearlyeveryonestrugglestomaintainpositivebodyimageallthe

timeandit'snormaltohaveupsanddowns.5Therearevarioussignsthatyourbodyissuesaresevere

andrequireprofessionalhelp.

A.Acceptyourbodyasitis.

B.Identifywhatyoulikeaboutyourbodyandappearance.

C.Negativethoughtsdonothingtoimproveyourself-image.

D.Theworldwouldbeaprettyboringplaceifwealllookedthesame.

E.Butyoushouldalsohonestlyconsiderifyouneedtospeakwithacounselor,orspecialist.

F.Thiscanmakeitdifficulttoaccept,love,andfeelconfidentinyourownbody,whichiscritical.

G.Remindyourselfofthesethoughtsthroughoutthedaywhenyoustartfeelingcriticalofyourself.

完形填空

Ishallneverforgetthosewinters.Theywerethetimeswhenmyfathertraveledthroughthecoldwindsto

findmethemedicalinstrumentsthatwouldcorrectmydeformed(田奇形的)1.

Iwasan2childbecauseIwasbornwithX-shapedlegs.3Iwastheluckiestkidtohavea

fatherwhoputinsomuch4tocureme-andwho5succeeded.

Myfatherworkedfromsunrisetosunset,tryingto6thosemedicalinstruments.Mymemoriesof

childhoodareofhim7hospitals,tryingtofindtheonethatcouldbuildhisdesigns.

Butoneday,myfatherarrivedhomewithapairof8.Thatnight,withgreat9,hefittedthe

instrumentstomylegs.Itmademybonesache,buthetoldmeIwouldhaveto10it,foreighthoursa

night,orIwouldneverbeabletowearprettyskirtsorhave11legslikeothergirls.Butashesaidthis,

heturnedhisfaceawayand12awaytears.

WheneverI13whatmyfatherdid,Ifeelwhathedidshowsthemostselflesscontribution.Today,

whenIlookatmystraightandhealthylegs,tearsrun14downmyface.Thewinterwindsarecoldto

otherpeople,butbecauseofmyfather,theywillalwaysbe15_tome.

1.A.legsB.brainC.bodyD.feet

2.A.unhappyB.uglyC.unfortunateD.unaccepted

3.A.AndB.ButC.SoD.If

4.A.effortB.energyC.painD.emotion

5.A.accuratelyB.rarelyC.simplyD.eventually

6.A.drawB.makeC.designD.play

7.A.stayingB.touringC.leavingD.passing

8.A.instrumentsB.shoesC.glovesD.socks

9.A.interestB.attentionC.patienceD.care

10.A.seeB.bearC.holdD.protect

11.A.longB.thinC.beautifulD.super

12.A.wipedB.threwC.putD.gave

13.A.turndownB.giveoutC.takeupD.thinkof

14.A.unexpectedlyB.smoothlyC.fluentlyD.uncontrollably

15.A.bitterB.strongC.coolD.warm

四、语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Whentalkingaboutagreatjob,whatcomesintoyourmindfirst?Abrilliantscientist?Ancreativeartist?As

forCharles,hegoesallouttobe]outstandingchef.

Prior2becomingafamouscook,hetookacourseabouthowtopreparedeliciouscuisine.The

course3(consist)ofseveralparts,oneofwhichwashowtoimpro