2025届广东省广州市普通高中毕业班2月调研考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省广州市2025届普通高中毕业班2月调研考试英语试卷第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACamelcaravans(商队)crossingdesertdunes,merchantstradingsilksandspicesatmarkets—thesearetheimagesthatcometomindwhenwethinkoftheSilkRoad.Buttherealitygoesfarbeyondthis.RatherthanasingletraderoutefromEasttoWest,theSilkRoadwasmadeupofoverlapping(重叠的)networkslinkingcommunitiesacrossAsia,AfricaandEurope,fromEastAsiatoBritain,andfromScandinaviatoMadagascar.Thismajorexhibitionunveilshowthejourneysofpeople,objectsandideasthatformedtheSilkRoadshapedculturesandhistories.TheSilkRoadwasinuseforthousandsofyears,butthisvisuallystunningshowfocusesonadefiningperiodinitshistory,fromaboutAD500to1000.Thistimewitnessedsignificantleapsinconnectivityandtheriseofuniversalreligionsthatlinkedcommunitiesacrosscontinents.Workingwith29nationalandinternationalpartnerstopresentobjectsfrommanyregionsandculturesalongsidethosefromtheBritishMuseumcollection,theexhibitionoffersauniquechancetoseeobjectsfromthelengthandwidthoftheSilkRoad.FromTangChineseceramicsexportedtotheMiddleEasttoIndiangarnetsfoundinSuffolk,theyrevealtheastonishingreachofthesenetworks.HighlightobjectsfromUzbekistanandTajikistanthathaveneverbeenseenintheUKbeforealsoemphasizetheimportanceoftheseregionstothiscontinent-spanningstory.You’llmeetfigureswhosestoriesareinterwoven(交织)withtheSilkRoad,includingWillibald,aningeniousspicesmugglerfromEngland,andalegendaryChineseprincesswhosharedthesecretsofsilkfarmingwithhernewkingdom.Crossingdeserts,mountains,riversandseas,theSilkRoadtellastoryofconnectionbetweenculturesandcontinents,centuriesbeforetheformationoftheglobalizedworldweknowtoday.1.Whichofthefollowingistheprobablenameofthisexhibition?A.SilkRoad:BeyondCamelsandSpices. B.TradeNetworks:ExploretheSilkRoad.C.SilkRoad:IntheFootstepsofHistory. D.AcrossContinents:TraveltheSilkRoad.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheobjectspresentedatthisexhibition?A.Theycoverawholehistoricalperiod. B.Theyareexhibitedonaglobaltour.C.TheyfeatureitemsfromCentralAsia. D.Theyeachnarratealegendarystory.3.WhatdoesthisexhibitionmainlyintendtoshowabouttheSilkRoad?A.Theoveralldescriptionofitsformation. B.Itscontributiontoconnectingtheworld.C.Theculturalexchangealongitsnetwork. D.Itsimportantinfluenceonglobalization.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇导读】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了关于丝绸之路的展览内容及意义。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“RatherthanasingletraderoutefromEasttoWest,theSilkRoadwasmadeupofoverlapping(重叠的)networkslinkingcommunitiesacrossAsia,AfricaandEurope,fromEastAsiatoBritain,andfromScandinaviatoMadagascar.Thismajorexhibitionunveilshowthejourneysofpeople,objectsandideasthatformedtheSilkRoadshapedculturesandhistories.(丝绸之路不是一条从东方到西方的单一贸易路线，而是由重叠的网络组成，连接着亚洲、非洲和欧洲的社区，从东亚到英国，从斯堪的纳维亚到马达加斯加。这个大型展览揭示了形成丝绸之路的人、物和思想的旅程如何塑造了文化和历史)”可知，这个大型展览揭示了除了丝绸之路贸易之外的相关人、物和思想的旅程如何塑造了文化和历史，因此，A选项“丝绸之路：不仅仅是骆驼和香料”能最好概括展览的主题，适合作为最佳名字。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“FromTangChineseceramicsexportedtotheMiddleEasttoIndiangarnetsfoundinSuffolk,theyrevealtheastonishingreachofthesenetworks.(从出口到中东的中国唐代陶瓷到在萨福克郡发现的印度石榴石，它们揭示了这些网络的惊人范围)”及第五段“HighlightobjectsfromUzbekistanandTajikistanthathaveneverbeenseenintheUKbeforealsoemphasizetheimportanceoftheseregionstothiscontinent-spanningstory.(来自乌兹别克斯坦和塔吉克斯坦的突出物品在英国从未见过，也强调了这些地区对这个跨越大陆的故事的重要性)”可知，在展览上展出的展品很多来自中亚地区。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thismajorexhibitionunveilshowthejourneysofpeople,objectsandideasthatformedtheSilkRoadshapedculturesandhistories.(这个大型展览揭示了形成丝绸之路的人、物和思想的旅程如何塑造了文化和历史)”及最后一段“Crossingdeserts,mountains,riversandseas,theSilkRoadtellastoryofconnectionbetweenculturesandcontinents,centuriesbeforetheformationoftheglobalizedworldweknowtoday.(丝绸之路穿越沙漠、山脉、河流和海洋，讲述了一个文化与大陆之间联系的故事，比我们今天所知的全球化世界形成还要早几个世纪)”可知，这项关于丝绸之路的展览介绍了其对于连接世界的贡献。故选B。BLastDecember,whileleavingthegym,Inoticedamessy-hairedyounggirlwholookedtobeinhermid-20s,asourdaughter,Lily,hadbeen.Iwatchedhowshewastryingtogetabrokentreadmill(跑步机)toworkbeforeshethrewupherhandsandmadeafrustratedbutcuteface,sortoflaughingtoherself.SomethingLilywouldhavedone.Iusedtobethemotherofa25-year-old.Iusedtohaveayoungpersonwholovedme,belongedtome,connectedmetotheworldofyoungpeople.It’snotthatIdon’tknowotheryoungpeople,butmineisgone,lostsuddenlytoshockfromanallergic(过敏)reaction.Laterthatday,athome,IdiscoveredaphotoonmyphonefromDecember26,2022,exactlythedayafterthelastChristmasIspentwithLily,whileshewasgettingreadytoheadhome.Shewasn’tinarush,andIsaid,“Wait,let’sgetashotofyouandme.”Inthatlastpicture,wewereinthekitchen,ourarmsaroundeachother.Myfriendpointedoutit’sreallyapictureofusthree,becauseEricisbehindthecameraandoursmilesareforhim.We’relaughingatsomethinghesaid.Itwasagoodday.Weoftendon’tgettoknowwhenit’sthelasttime.TheremusthavebeenalasttimeIplayedtenniswithmyfather,afinaltriptothemovieswithmymother,beforeIlostthembothtoacaraccident.AlastdinnerwithmyfriendJuliewhenwethoughtwehadplentyoftime,beforehercancerdiagnosischangedeverything.Iwasn’tpayingattentionthen,andIdidn’tthinkIneededto.NowItrytobesoberer.Igoouttothebeach,whereaseagullusedtojumpintheairtopickaFrenchfryoutofLily’shandwhenhesawher.“Yousawthatseagull,didn’tyou?”I’mtalkingloud,soshecanhearmeovertheroarofwaves.ItellherIwilllistenincaseshewantstosendmeamessage.Iremindmyselftopayattention.Amessagecanbeabird,abreezeorashell.Amessagecanbeanything.4.WhatisLilylikeintheauthor’simpression?A.Adorableandangelic. B.Energeticandconsiderate.C.Genuineandinnocent. D.Optimisticandhumorous.5.Whatcanweinferaboutthephotoontheauthor’sphone?A.Itwasnotofmuchsignificancethen. B.Itwasfinelyshotforaspecialpurpose.C.Itbearsherlongingforherdaughter. D.Itisasweetandamusingfamilyphoto.6.Whydoestheauthorgoouttothebeach?A.Torecallpleasantmemoriesofthepast. B.Tomakeupforthepitiesofthepast.C.Toeasethepainoflosingherdaughter. D.Tostayconnectedwithherdaughter.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusthroughthistext?A.Speakupourdeeploveloudly. B.Liveforthecurrentmoment.C.Cherishthosewhoarepresent. D.Keeponmovingwithregret.【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.C【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。作者看到与女儿年龄相仿的女孩，忆起已逝女儿。又想起失去父母和朋友的经历，感慨应珍惜当下，如今常去海滩与女儿“对话”。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Iwatchedhowshewastryingtogetabrokentreadmill(跑步机)toworkbeforeshethrewupherhandsandmadeafrustratedbutcuteface,sortoflaughingtoherself.SomethingLilywouldhavedone.(我看着她如何试图让一台坏了的跑步机工作，然后她举起双手，做了一个沮丧但可爱的脸，有点自嘲。Lily会做的事。)”可知，Lily在面对跑步机坏掉时，做出沮丧又可爱的表情，还自我解嘲地笑，所以在作者印象中Lily是可爱而温柔的。故选A。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Laterthatday,athome,IdiscoveredaphotoonmyphonefromDecember26,2022,exactlythedayafterthelastChristmasIspentwithLily,whileshewasgettingreadytoheadhome.Shewasn’tinarush,andIsaid,“Wait,let’sgetashotofyouandme.”Inthatlastpicture,wewereinthekitchen,ourarmsaroundeachother.Myfriendpointedoutit’sreallyapictureofusthree,becauseEricisbehindthecameraandoursmilesareforhim.We’relaughingatsomethinghesaid.(那天晚些时候，在家里，我在手机上发现了一张2022年12月26日的照片，正是我和Lily度过的最后一个圣诞节的第二天，当时她正准备回家。她并不着急，我说：“等等，让我们拍一张你和我的照片。”在最后一张照片中，我们在厨房里，双臂搂着对方。我的朋友指出，这真的是我们三个人的照片，因为Eric在镜头后面，我们的笑容都是为了他。我们因他说的话而发笑。)”可知，当时照片拍摄时，作者和Lily没有匆忙行事，Eric给作者和女儿愉快而随意地拍照，但当时作者并未意识到这会是和Lily的最后一张照片，所以，当时，它并没有太大意义。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Igoouttothebeach,whereaseagullusedtojumpintheairtopickaFrenchfryoutofLily’shandwhenhesawher.“Yousawthatseagull,didn’tyou?”I’mtalkingloud,soshecanhearmeovertheroarofwaves.ItellherIwilllistenincaseshewantstosendmeamessage.(我去了海滩，在那里，一只海鸥看到Lily时，会跳到空中，从她手里抓薯条。“你看见那只海鸥了，是吗？”我大声说话，这样她就能在海浪的咆哮声中听到我。我告诉她，如果她想给我发信息，我会听的。)”可知，作者去海滩是希望通过与和女儿有关的场景，与女儿保持某种联系。故选D。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Weoftendon’tgettoknowwhenit’sthelasttime.TheremusthavebeenalasttimeIplayedtenniswithmyfather,afinaltriptothemovieswithmymother,beforeIlostthembothtoacaraccident.AlastdinnerwithmyfriendJuliewhenwethoughtwehadplentyoftime,beforehercancerdiagnosischangedeverything.Iwasn’tpayingattentionthen,andIdidn’tthinkIneededto.(我们常常不知道这是最后一次。那一定是我最后一次和父亲打网球，和母亲最后一次去看电影，然后我就因为车祸失去了他们俩。最后一次和我的朋友Julie共进晚餐时，我们认为我们有足够的时间，在她的癌症诊断改变了一切之前。当时我没有注意，我也不认为我需要注意。)”可知，文章通过讲述作者失去女儿、父母、朋友等经历，意识到常常在不经意间就度过了与亲人朋友的最后时光，从而提醒人们要珍惜当下身边的人。故选C。CFromPestothepenguintoBiscuitstheseal—theinternetlovestoturnadorablebabyanimalsintoviralsensations.Butwhyarewesointerestedinsharingsomethingcutewithothersonsocialmedia?“Weseekoutcutenessbecauseitfeelsgood!”explainsPaulDale,theauthorofIrresistible:HowCutenessWiredOurBrainsandConqueredtheWorld.Sohowdoesourbraindefinecuteandwhydoesitreactthisway?ThefirststopforanyoneinterestedinthephenomenonofcutenessisAustrianethologistLorenz’slandmark1943paper,whichdescribesacollectionoffeaturesthatholdthekeytocuteness.Lorenzassumedthatourbrain’sresponsetocutenessisanevolutionaryadaptation:cutenesstriggers(引发)inborncaregiving,nurturing,andprotectivebehaviorstoenhancethelikelihoodofspeciessurvival.Hebelievedourresponsetocutenesswasirresistible.ButLorenz’stheorydoesn’ttellthewholestory.AccordingtoSteinnes,aprofessorinbehavioralanalysis,there’smoreatplayherethansimplytriggeringcaregivinginstincts.“Whenweseesomethingcute,itevokesawiderangeofpowerful,predominantly(主要地)positive,emotions.Ourbrainhasaunique,rapid,andspecificresponse,withactivationinareaslinkedtoemotion,reward,motivation,andpleasure.”LikeSteinnes,Daleagreesthatourresponsegoesbeyondcaregiving,writinginhisbookthat“thefeelingofcutenessencouragesaffiliation,whichissocialbondinginabroadersensethanjustnurturing.Thisiswhyfeelingthatsomethingiscutemakesuswanttogetclosertoit,evenifwehavenoparticulardesiretoprotectornurtureit.”Ourinterest,ofcourse,extendsbeyondsocialmedia.Whilecontrolledinteractionswithwildlifecanincreaseourinterestinconservation,theymayalsofuelthedesireforwildanimalownershiporconveyacceptabilityofanimalexploitation.“It’snotjustaselfishpleasure.Feelingthedesiretoprotectandcareforacuteanimal,evenifit’sonlyanimage,encouragesempathyandcompassion,”Daleassuresus.“It’sbuiltintous,partofwhatmakesuswhoweare.Cutenessmakesushuman.”8.WhyarepenguinPestoandsealBiscuitsmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toattractreaders’curiosity. B.Todisplayaphenomenon.C.Tointroducethemaintopic. D.Toillustrateanassumption.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutLorenzandhistheory?A.Hedefinedthestandardofcuteness. B.Histheoryisevolutionism-based.C.Heisapioneerincutenessresearch. D.Histheoryisoutdatednowadays.10.WhatimpactdoescutenesshaveonourbrainaccordingtoSteinnesandDale?A.Itawakensournatureofparenting. B.Itsharpensareasinchargeofemotion.C.Itstrengthensourbondwithsociety. D.Itinspiresourintimacysubconsciously.11.WhatdoesDaleconveyaboutcutenessinthelastsentenceofthetext?A.Itarousesthepositivesideinhumanity. B.Itdistinguisheshumansfromanimals.C.Itisthecommonlanguageofmankind. D.Itreflectsthevaluesofhumanbeings.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了人类对于可爱感兴趣这一现象并分析了背后的原因。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“FromPestothepenguintoBiscuitstheseal—theinternetlovestoturnadorablebabyanimalsintoviralsensations.Butwhyarewesointerestedinsharingsomethingcutewithothersonsocialmedia?(从企鹅佩斯托（Pesto）到海豹比斯基茨（Biscuits）——互联网热衷于将那些惹人喜爱的幼小动物打造成网络红人。但我们为何如此热衷于在社交媒体上与他人分享那些可爱的画面呢)”及“Sohowdoesourbraindefinecuteandwhydoesitreactthisway?(那么我们的大脑是如何定义可爱的，为什么它会有这样的反应呢)”可知，文章第一段提及企鹅佩斯托（Pesto）到海豹比斯基茨（Biscuits）是为了引出文章的主要话题——大脑如何定义可爱。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Lorenzassumedthatourbrain’sresponsetocutenessisanevolutionaryadaptation:cutenesstriggersinborncaregiving,nurturing,andprotectivebehaviorstoenhancethelikelihoodofspeciessurvival.Hebelievedourresponsetocutenesswasirresistible.(洛伦兹认为，我们的大脑对可爱的反应是一种进化适应：可爱触发了天生的照顾、养育和保护行为，以提高物种生存的可能性。他相信我们对可爱的反应是不可抗拒的)”可知，Lorenz提出的理论以进化论为基础。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“LikeSteinnes,Daleagreesthatourresponsegoesbeyondcaregiving,writinginhisbookthat“thefeelingofcutenessencouragesaffiliation,whichissocialbondinginabroadersensethanjustnurturing.Thisiswhyfeelingthatsomethingiscutemakesuswanttogetclosertoit,evenifwehavenoparticulardesiretoprotectornurtureit.”(和斯坦尼斯一样，戴尔也认为，我们的反应超越了照顾，他在书中写道：“可爱的感觉鼓励了归属感，这是一种更广泛意义上的社会纽带，而不仅仅是养育。这就是为什么当我们觉得某样东西很可爱时，我们会想要靠近它，即使我们没有特别想要保护或培育它。”)”可知，根据Steinnes和Dale的观点，可爱对于我们大脑的影响在潜意识中激发了我们的亲密关系。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““It’snotjustaselfishpleasure.Feelingthedesiretoprotectandcareforacuteanimal,evenifit’sonlyanimage,encouragesempathyandcompassion,”Daleassuresus.“It’sbuiltintous,partofwhatmakesuswhoweare.Cutenessmakesushuman.”(“这不仅仅是一种自私的快乐。感受保护和照顾可爱动物的欲望，即使它只是一个形象，也会激发同理心和同情心，”戴尔向我们保证。“这是我们与生俱来的，是我们成为自己的一部分。可爱使我们成为人类。”)”可知，戴尔认为可爱激发了人性积极的一面。故选A。DParentshavealwaysblamedtheirteens’misbehaviorontheirkids’friends:theymaysaytheirkids“fellintobadcompany”or“gotinwiththewrongcrowd”.Topreventwhattheyseeasnegativeinfluences,parentshaverespondedwithstrategiesrangingfromcriticizingthewayward(任性的)companionstoforbiddinganycontactaltogether.Infact,however,parentslabelingakid’sfriendabadimpactactuallymakesbehaviorproblemsworse.Previousresearchhasprovidedapartialexplanationthatfitswithmostparents’experience.Themoreparentsprohibittheirchildrenfromassociatingwithfriendswhoareintrouble,themorethesekidsseekoutandsticktotheiroff-limitsfriends.Meanwhile,theirowntroublemaking,definedasbehaviorsincludingfightingandstealing,increases.Suchrebelliousbehaviorprovidesonlyapieceoftheanswer.Laursen,withhiscolleagues,setsoutabroaderexplanationinanewstudy.Researcherstrackedalmost600studentsaged9to14atthebeginning,middleandendofaschoolyear.Ateachpoint,thestudentsansweredaseriesofquestionsincludingtheiremotions,theirbehavior,theirrelationshipwiththeirmother,andtheirmother’sattitudestowardsthefriendstheyhad.Researchersalsoaskedthestudentstolistclassmatestheylikedordisliked—animportantdimensionthathadnotbeenconsideredinpriorresearch.Thenaclearpatternemerged.Wheneverachildhadbehaviorproblems—andtheirmotherdisapprovedoftheirfriends—thesepeers,inturn,dislikedthechildandthekid’sbehaviorgotworse.Whydidmom’sdisapprovalleadtomoreproblems?“It’sbecausetheclassmateshateit.Kidshatetheirparentsinterveninginpeerrelationships.”Laursensays.“Rejectedkidstendtohangoutwithotherexcludedkidswhothemselvesarelikelytohavebehaviorproblems.”“Theideathatparentalinterferenceinpeerfriendshipscanmakeachildseem‘uncool’topeersandsetthemoffonadisruptivetrackisareallynewinsight.”saysdevelopmentalpsychologistNinaMounts.“Ifparentswanttobeeffectiveinmiddleschool,theyhavetofosteraclose,warmrelationshipwiththeirkids.Inotherwords,youhavetostayinthegame—bytryingtocutyourkidsofffromtheirfriends,youareautomaticallyremovingyourselffromit.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rebellious”inparagraph3mean?A.Criminal. B.Resistant. C.Abnormal. D.Dangerous.13.WhatadvantagesdoesLaursen’sexplanationhaveovertheformerone?A.Itchallengesparents’generalexperience. B.Itnoticesthechangeinparents’attitudes.C.Ittakeschildren’sfeedbackintoaccount. D.Itinquiresintochildren’ssocialnetwork.14.Whatisthedirectcausethatworsenschildren’sbehaviorproblems?A.Theinterventionoftheirparents. B.Themisguideofwaywardcompanions.C.Theisolationoftheirclassmates. D.Thepoorself-disciplineofthemselves.15.WhatdoesNinawarnaboutparents’interventionintheirchild’sfriendship?A.Itmakesthechildfeelunfairlytreated. B.Itimpairsthechild’simageamongpeers.C.Ittearstheirfamilyrelationshipapart. D.Itreducestheirweightinchild’sgrowth.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，表明很多父母在孩子行为出现问题时，会认为孩子交往的伙伴不好，限制孩子的交往，结果孩子行为问题得不到解决，甚至变得更糟，建议家长不要过多干预孩子交友。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据Suchrebelliousbehavior所指代的上文“Themoreparentsprohibittheirchildrenfromassociatingwithfriendswhoareintrouble,themorethesekidsseekoutandsticktotheiroff-limitsfriends.Meanwhile,theirowntroublemaking,definedasbehaviorsincludingfightingandstealing,increases.(父母越是禁止他们的孩子与有麻烦的朋友交往，这些孩子就越会寻找并坚持与那些不受限制的朋友交往。与此同时，他们自己制造麻烦的行为，包括打架和偷窃，也在增加)”可知，这些行为是叛逆行为，对父母的管束表示抗拒。resistant意为“抗拒的”意思相近。故选B项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Previousresearchhasprovidedapartialexplanationthatfitswithmostparents’experience.(之前的研究提供了符合大多数父母的经历的部分解释)”及第四段“Researchersalsoaskedthestudentstolistclassmatestheylikedordisliked—animportantdimensionthathadnotbeenconsideredinpriorresearch.(研究人员还要求学生列出他们喜欢或不喜欢的同学——这是之前研究中没有考虑到的一个重要方面)”可知，以前的研究仅仅调查了孩子及其父母，而劳森的研究还调查了关于孩子的同学，调研内容增加了孩子的社交关系。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Wheneverachildhadbehaviorproblems—andtheirmotherdisapprovedoftheirfriends—thesepeers,inturn,dislikedthechildandthekid’sbehaviorgotworse.(每当一个孩子有行为问题——而他们的母亲就不喜欢他们的朋友——这些同龄人反过来也不喜欢这个孩子，孩子的行为就会变得更糟)”及“It’sbecausetheclassmateshateit.Kidshatetheirparentsinterveninginpeerrelationships.(那是因为同学们讨厌它。孩子们讨厌父母干预同伴关系)”和“Rejectedkidstendtohangoutwithotherexcludedkidswhothemselvesarelikelytohavebehaviorproblems.(被拒绝的孩子倾向于和其他被排斥的孩子一起出去玩，而这些孩子自己也可能有行为问题)”可知，一些孩子行为问题恶化的直接原因是其他孩子对他们的孤立。故选C项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifparentswanttobeeffectiveinmiddleschool,theyhavetofosteraclose,warmrelationshipwiththeirkids.Inotherwords,youhavetostayinthegame—bytryingtocutyourkidsofffromtheirfriends,youareautomaticallyremovingyourselffromit.(如果父母想在中学阶段发挥作用，他们必须与孩子建立亲密、温暖的关系。换句话说，你必须留在游戏中——如果你试图把你的孩子和他们的朋友隔离开来，你就自动把自己从游戏中剔除了)”可知，妮娜建议家长减少自己在孩子成长过程中的比重，不要过多干预孩子。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。InvisibleHabitsAreDrivingYourLifeAroundthenewyear,countlesspeopleresolvetoreformtheirbadhabitsandintroducebetterones.___16___.“Weliketothinkthatwe’redoingthingsforareason,thateverythingisdrivenbyagoal,”DavidNeal,apsychologistspecializinginbehaviorchange,toldme.Butgoalsseemlikeourprimarymotivationonlybecausewe’remoreconsciousofthemthanofhowstrongourhabitsare.Researchhassuggestedthathabitsarepracticallyautomatic“context-responseassociations”—afteryourepeatanactionenoughtimes,you’lldoitmindlesslyifyouencounterthecueandtheenvironment.“___17___,”Davidsays.“Itjustindicatesthatyourconsciousminddoesn’tneedtoparticipateintheinitiationorexecution(执行)ofthebehavior.”Ourconsciousgoalsmightmotivateustorepeataparticularbehavior,andsoserveasthesparkthatgetsthehabitenginegoing.___18___,becauseoncetheysolidify,theycanbreakawayfromthegoalsthatinspiredthem.Ifourgoalsshift,contextcueswillstilltriggerhabitualbehavior.___19___.Ifyoudon’tlikesomethingthefirsttimeyoutryit,youprobablywon’trepeattheexperience.Buthabitscanpersisteveniftheiroutcomestopsbeingpleasing.InDavid’sstudy,peoplewiththehabitofeatingpopcornatthemoviesatemorestale(变质的)popcornthanthosewithoutthehabit.It’snotsoterribletoenduresomestalepopcorn,butconsidertheconsequencesifmorecomplexhabitualactions—work-lifebalance,orinterpersonalrelationships—hangaroundpasttheirexpirationdate(过期).Neutralhabits,suchasthetimingofmyyogasession,canbehardesttoassess.Butbecausehabitswon’talwayshaveyourlatestintentionsinmind,it’sworthkeepinganeyeonthemtomakesuretheywon’tworkagainstyou.___20___.Butknowinghowtheywork—simplybecomingawareofhowunawareofthemwecanbe—canhelpgetyoutoalifewithaslittlestalepopcornaspossible.A.Likeitornot,peoplearedestinedtobebundledupwithhabits.B.Thatdoesn’tmeanthatpeoplehavenorecollectionofwhattheydid.C.Onceanactionbecomesahabit,youcanlosesightofwhatpromptsit.D.Yetthescienceofhabitsrevealsthattheyarenotsubjecttoourdesires.E.Habitsalsomaintaintheirindependencebynotbeingassensitivetorewards.F.Butevenhabitsthataredeliberatelybegunareworthreevaluatingeverysooften.G.However,peopletendtoexplaintheirhabitualbehaviorbyappealingtotheirdesires.【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.E20.A【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了无形的习惯是如何影响我们的生活的。【16题详析】根据上文“Aroundthenewyear,countlesspeopleresolvetoreformtheirbadhabitsandintroducebetterones.(新年前后，无数人决心改掉坏习惯，养成更好的习惯。)”可知，上文告诉我们人们决心改掉坏习惯，养成更好的习惯，D项意为“然而，习惯科学表明，它们不受我们欲望的支配。”，选项与上文构成转折关系，人们决心改掉坏习惯，养成更好的习惯，但习惯不受我们欲望的支配。故选D。【17题详析】根据下文“Itjustindicatesthatyourconsciousminddoesn’tneedtoparticipateintheinitiationorexecution(执行)ofthebehavior.(它只是表明你的意识不需要参与行为的发起或执行。)”可知，下文告诉我们习惯表明你的意识不需要参与行为的发起或执行，B项意为“这并不意味着人们不记得他们做了什么。”，选项能够引起下文，习惯并不意味着人们不记得他们做了什么，只是表明你的意识不需要参与行为的发起或执行。故选B。【18题详析】根据上文“Ourconsciousgoalsmightmotivateustorepeataparticularbehavior,andsoserveasthesparkthatgetsthehabitenginegoing.(我们有意识的目标可能会激励我们重复一种特定的行为，从而成为启动习惯引擎的火花。)”可知，上文告诉我们有意识的目标有利于养成习惯，F项意为“但即使是刻意养成的习惯，也值得偶尔重新评估。”，选项与上文构成转折关系，虽然有意识的目标有利于养成习惯，但这种刻意养成的习惯也需要偶尔重新评估。故选F。【19题详析】根据下文“Ifyoudon’tlikesomethingthefirsttimeyoutryit,youprobablywon’trepeattheexperience.Buthabitscanpersisteveniftheiroutcomestopsbeingpleasing.(如果你第一次尝试时不喜欢某件事，你可能不会重复这种经历。但即使结果不再令人愉快，习惯也会持续下去。)”可知，下文告诉我们即使你做某事时结果不令人愉快，习惯也会持续下去，习惯是具有独立性的，E项意为“习惯也通过对奖励不那么敏感来保持独立性。”，选项能够引起下文，下文具体解释习惯是如何保持独立性的。故选E。【20题详析】根据下文“Butknowinghowtheywork—simplybecomingawareofhowunawareofthemwecanbe—canhelpgetyoutoalifewithaslittlestalepopcornaspossible.(但是，了解它们是如何起作用的——只是意识到我们对它们的无知程度——可以帮助你过上尽可能少吃变质爆米花的生活。)”可知，下文告诉我们应该了解它们是如何起作用的，这对我们的生活有益，A项意为“不管你喜不喜欢，人们注定要和习惯捆绑在一起。”，选项能够引起下文，正因为人们注定要和习惯捆绑在一起，所以我们要了解它们是如何影响我们的。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IwassoexcitedabouttheLondonOlympicsandwantedtobeapartofit.AyearbeforetheGames,Ithought,they’regoingtoneedlifeguards,andGoogled“London2012volunteers”.I___21___therewouldbethousandsofapplicantsfortheOlympiclifeguardrole,soIdidn’texpecttohearback.But,afewweekslater,Iwasinvitedtoatwo-dayexamandsurprisinglypassed.I’veheardpeoplesay,“WhoneedslifeguardsattheOlympics?”“It’sthe___22___jobintheworld.”It’sbelittling(轻视).You’renota___23___,butyoumustbeprepared.Ifyoudon’tknowhowtopullsomebodyoutofthewater___24___,you’vedonethe___25___beforetheygetrealtreatment.Idon’tgetstarstruck,butyou’dbe___26___whenyou’restandingnexttosomeonelikeMichaelPhelps.OnedayIwaswaitingtostartmy___27___,whenhewalkedpassedandgaveusallhighfives.Whenyouseeathleteswin,youcelebratewiththem.Whentheyfail,yourheartbreaksforthem.That’snottosayit’snot___28___whenyou’reinthechair.Youdon’t___29___theracebecauseyou’resofocusedoncheckingeachathlete’s___30___toseeifanythingdoesn’tlookright.Whyishisarmdoingthat?What’shappeningwithhisfoot?Ishegettingcramp?Evennow,I’mstill___31___whilelifeguarding.Youcouldhaveapoolfullofthefittest-lookingpeople,butonecouldhaveahistoryofheartdisease.AttheParisOlympics,aSlovakianswimmer___32___afterherevent—shehadhadanasthma(哮喘)attack.Notallmedicalissuesare___33___.InowworkasalifeguardatapoolnearTelford.WheneverIwatchtheOlympics,Ialways___34___thelifeguards.There’sstuffgoingonbehindthescenesthatnoonerealize.We___35___andkeepcalm.Butifthere’saproblem,we’llstepforward.21.A.worried B.noticed C.checked D.figured22.A.humblest B.luckiest C.simplest D.dullest23.A.competitor B.paramedic C.volunteer D.superhero24.A.appropriately B.immediately C.successfully D.proficiently25.A.favour B.response C.damage D.survey26.A.dreaming B.suffering C.doubting D.marveling27.A.shift B.break C.trail D.round28.A.demanding B.professional C.accountable D.complicated29.A.appreciate B.understand C.withdraw D.remember30.A.performance B.movements C.difference D.conditions31.A.serious B.thrilled C.strained D.occupied32.A.wornout B.droppedout C.passedout D.brokeout33.A.predictable B.curable C.avoidable D.visible34.A.lookoutfor B.getthroughto C.standupfor D.turnbackto35.A.standby B.blendin C.carryon D.settledown【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.C26.D27.A28.B29.D30.B31.C32.C33.D34.A35.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在伦敦奥运会期间担任救生员的经历和感受。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我估计会有成千上万的人申请奥运会救生员的职位，所以我没有想到会收到回复。A.worried担心；B.noticed注意到；C.checked查看；D.figured认为，估计。根据下文“therewouldbethousandsofapplicantsfortheOlympiclifeguardrole”可知，空后内容是作者的估计。故选D。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是世界上最简单的工作。A.humblest最卑微的；B.luckiest最幸运的；C.simplest最简单的；D.dullest最愚钝的。根据下文“It’sbelittling”可知，此处是说这个工作是最简单的工作。故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不是医护人员，但你必须做好准备。A.competitor竞争者；B.paramedic护理人员；C.volunteer志愿者；D.superhero超级英雄。根据第一段“needlifeguards”和下文“beforetheygetrealtreatment”可知，此处是说虽然救生员不是医护人员，但是也要做好准备。故选B。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你不知道如何恰当地把人从水里拉出来，你在他们得到真正的治疗之前就已经造成了伤害。A.appropriately恰当地；B.immediately立刻；C.successfully成功地；D.proficiently精通地。根据上文“Ifyoudon’tknowhowtopullsomebodyoutofthewater”可知，救生员应该知道恰当地把人从水里拉出来。故选A。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你不知道如何恰当地把人从水里拉出来，你在他们得到真