大学英语四级模拟试卷493

大学英语四级模拟试卷493

一、作文(本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。)

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:Online

Education.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowin

Chinese:1.目前网络教育形成热潮2.我认为形成这股热潮的原因是……3.我对网络

教育的评价OnlineEducation

标?隹答案：OnlineEducationBeingonlineisnolongersomethingstrangeinourlife.To

somedegree,ithasbecomepartofourdailylife.Wecandoalotofthingsonline,such

assearchingforinformationandcommunicatingwithfriendsfarandnear.Butrecently

anotherhelpfulonlineactivityhasbecomevery"in".Thatisonlineeducation.Whycould

onlineeducationbesopopularwithinsuchashortperiodoftime?Amongallthereasons,

thequickdevelopmentoftheinternetshouldbetheessentialone,whichmakesour

dreamsofattendingclassinthedistancepossible.Anotherunderlyingreasonisthequick

developmentofbothsocietyandTechnology.Today,modemscienceandtechnologyare

developingatlighteningspeed.Tocatchupwiththedevelopmentweallfeelanurgent

andstrongdesiretostudy.However,duetothegreatpaceofmodemsociety,many

peoplearetoobusytostudyfulltimeatschool.Onlineeducationjustcomestotheiraid.

Personally,Iappreciatethisnewformofeducation.It'sindeedahelpfulcomplementto

thetraditionaleducationsystem.Itcanprovidedifferentlearnerswithmoreflexibleand

versatilewaysoflearning.Mostofall,withonlineeducation,wccanabsorbthelatest

knowledgewhileworking.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10

分。)

ToSaveTrees,FightingOneAlienInsectwithOthersRustyRheasighswistfullyashe

talksaboutthebeautyandpeaceofstandingamidagrove(小树林)ofdeepgreen

hemlocksinAppalachia,someofthemupto160feet(50meters)tallandmorethan500

yearsold."Thisisaveryspecialtree,"saidRhea,anentomologistfortheU.S.Forest

Service'sForestHealthProtectionprograminAsheville,NorthCarolina."Iwasbrought

uphere,andIdon'twanttoseeanotherspeciesgobythewayside.*'Theevergreentrees,

ahallmarkofsouthernAppalachia'snationalparks,areunderattackbyaninvasiveinsect

barelyvisibletotheeyebutpotentenoughtofellthegiantsoftheeasternUnitedStates'

old-growthforests.AlreadythetinybugfromJapan,knownasthehemlockwoolly

adelgid(HWA),haskilledupwardof95percentofthehemlocksinVirginia's

ShenandoahNationalPark.Nowtheyaremakingtheirwaythroughthehalf-million-plus-

acrc(200.000-plas-hcctarc)GreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkinNorthCarolinaand

Tennessee.Thehemlocksshadestreams,keepingwatertemperaturesjustrightforbrook

irout侬鱼）andotherfish.Theyalsohousebirdssuchastheblack-throatedgreen

warbler,solitaryvireo,andnortherngoshawk,allthreeofwhichmainlyshelterinstands

ofhemlocktrees.Becauseoftheinsect'sbroadimpactontheentireecosystemof

southernAppalachia,HWAstandstocausewiderdamagethantheAmericanchestnut

blight（枯萎病）oftheearly1900s.ThatfungusfromEuropekilledofftheoncedominant

chestnuttreesfromthenortheastUnitedStatestothesouthernAppalachianMountains.

Inaddition,aspeciesrelatedtoHWA,thebalsamwoollyadelgid,hasalreadykilled

about90percentofthematureFraserfirtreesintheSmokies.ActingQuicklyHWA

aiTivedintheU.S.PacificNorthwestvianurseryplantsfromJapanin1924.By1951the

tinyinvaderhadbeenfoundinVirginia.Sincethentheinsecthasspreadtomorethan15

U.S.states.ThekeytokillingtheHWAistocatchitearlyandactquickly.It'salready

wellestablishedintheGreatSmokyMountains,whereRheaandothersaretryingtostem

thespreadofthebugs.HWAmultiplyquickly:Alloftheinsectsarcfemalesthat

reproduceasexually（无性地），layingseveralhundredeggsayear.Whentheygettothe

nymph,orcrawler,stage,theyaredormantfromaboutJuneuntilOctober,afterwhich

theyemergeandestablishthemselvesontrees.Windsandbirdsandotheranimalsspread

thecrawlersthroughtheforest.HWAcrawlersfeedonthenewgrowthofhemlocksby

piercingthetwigsthatholdthebranches,suckingthesap,andinjectingtoxicsaliva.The

needlesmmfromadeepgreentoagrayishgreenandeventuallydie,deprivingthetreeof

nutritionfromphotosynthesis.Aninfectedtreeusuallydieswithinfiveyearsofinitial

attack.Infectionissignaledbyeitherawhite,cottonlikematerialthatappearsalonga

tree'stwigsorbythe"baldness"ofatree'supperbranches.PlansofAttackInthePacific

Northwestthehemlocksseemtobetolerantofthecreatures'feeding,andinthecold

northeast,wintersseemtokeepthematbay.Butinthewarmsoutheast,withweather

approximatingthatoftheinsects'nativeAsianhomes,theythrive.Chemicalsprays一

suchasinsecticidalsoapsandhorticulturaloilsaswellastrunkorsoilinjections—have

helpedtokillsomeoftheHWAinfestations.Butsprayingmustberepeatedeverysix

months,andinjectionsareexpensiveandlastonlytwoyearsatmost.Thesemethods

can'tbeusedconvenientlyorsafelyinremoteareasornearthestreamswherehemlocks

growthickly.Longterm,thebestwaytocontrolthepestsappearstobereleasingother

insectsthatfeedexclusivelyonHWA.ScientistshavestudiedHWAinJapanandChina

andidentifiedthreesuchspecies.Oneofthem,theSasajiscymnustsugae（St）beetle,was

releasedinareasofGreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkin2002.Studyingwhat

controlsaspeciesinitsnativehabitat-includingclimate,predators,andhostresistance-

providedcluesaboutwhichinsectstouseagainstHWA,saidKristineJohnson.Basedin

Gatlinburg,Tennessee,JohnsonisasupervisoryforesterforGreatSmokyMountains

NationalPark."Biologicalcontrolistheonlylong-termhopetosavethetreesinthe

backcountry（穷乡僻壤）"shesaid."Wehave800squaremiles（2J00squarekilometers）

ofcontiguouswilderness.Wcvaluethenativeforest,andit'sentirelyworthdefending.'1

RiskyBusinessReleasingonespeciesofnon-nativebugtokillanothercouldberisky

business,potentiallycreatinganothertypeofinfestation.Butscientistsfirstquarantined

andstudiedtheHWA-killerinsects.TheybelievetheStbeetlesarethebestanswertothe

HWAproblemandthattheywon'tcausesidedamage.Thistinyblackfemalebeetle,the

sizeofapoppyseed,isalreadyspreadingintheGreatSmokyMountains.Butthebeetle

andotherHWA-killerinsectsareseasonal,soitwilltakeseveraldifferentonesoperating

year-roundtokeepHWAincheck,Rheasaid.Hedoesn'tbelieveHWAwillbe

completelyeradicated(根除)butWillinsteadbekepiinbalancebythepredatorinsects.

"We'retryingtoinsertabalanceinasystemthat'soutofbalance,"hesaid.EachStbeetle

canlay200to300eggs,saidErnestBernard,professorofentomologyandplant

pathologyattheUniversityofTennesseeinKnoxville.Bernard'slaboratoryisoneof

severalthatarebreedingthebeetles."Eachbeetleeatshundredsofbabyadelgidsayear,"

hesaid.Andabout120,000ofthebeetleshavebeenreleasedinthepastcoupleyearsin

theSmokies,butitisstilltooearlytomeasuretheirimpact.Onegoodsign,Bernardsaid,

isthatsomebeetlelarvae(幼虫)havebeenfoundinareaswheretheywerenotreleased,

indicatingthattheHWAkillersmaybereproducingandspreading.

2、Thepassagegivesageneraldescriptionofaninvasiveinsect,HWA.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：结合标题ToSaveTrees,FightingOneAlienInsectwithOthers迅速扫

读全文可知，文章主要不是描写HWA这种虫害本身，而是如何防治这种虫害，故

题干表述不正确。

3、HemlockisahallmarkofsouthernAppalachia'snationalparks.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干中的信息词hallmark和Appalachia^nationalparks定位原

文，第三段明确指出Theevergreentrees,ahallmarkofsouthernAppalachia's

nationalparks.可知题干表述正确。

4.Theinvasiveinsect,knownasthehemlockwoollyadelgid(HWA),isfromJapan.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干中的信息词HWA定位原文，第四段有Alreadythetinybug

fromJapan,knownasthehemlockwoollyadelgid(HWA)...,可知题干表述正确。

5、ThekeytokillingtheHWAistocatchitearlyandactquickly.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题干中有actingquickly,与一小标题同，估计答案在其下段落中。定

位到第二段，发现题干是文中原句，故题干表述正确。

6、Aninfectedtreeusuallydiesimmediately.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据题干中的信息词Aninfectedtree定位原文，在ActingQuickly下

的倒数第二段段未彳了Aninfectedtreeusuallydieswithinfiveyearsofinitialattack,nf

知题于表述错误。

7、TheHemlockintheU.S.willbesavedfromHWAsoon.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点.析：文章后半部分讲到为了控制HWA,美国已在受灾部分地区投放

HWA的天敌Stbcttles,但是在文章倒数第二段末尾指出这种方法是否有效还无法

判断(looearlytomeasuretheirimpact),故本题表述正确与否未可知。

8、Thelongterm,bestwaytocontrolthepestsHWAisspraying.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：在对抗HWA的方法中，文章着重介绍了引入其天敌来达到生态平衡

的方法，且在PlansofAttack下的第四段段首有明确说明，故题干表述错误。

9、Since11theHWAhasspreadtomorethan.

标准答案：15U.S.stateso

知识点解析：根据题干中的信息词1951定位原文，在ActingQuickly下第一段可

找到答案。

10、Releasingonespeciesofnon-nativebugtokillanothercouldcreate.

标准答案：anothertypeofinfestationo

知识点解析：读完原文，发现RiskyBusiness下讲了用StbetUies来控制HWA这种

方法可能带来的风险，而题于正是谈的这种方法、定位RiskyBusiness下的段落，

首段即可找到答案。

II、Itwilltakeseveraldifferentinsectsoperatingyear-roundto.

标准答案：keepHWAincheck0

知识点解析：金后一题多出现在文章末尾，根据题干中的信息词year-round定位

PiskyBusines下的段落，在第三段第一句可找到答案。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分0）

12、

A、Theclassthoughtthedemonstrationwastoocomplex.

B、Toomanystudentsshowedup.

C^Theprofessordidn'tshowup,

D^Theprofessorcancelledit.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：信息明示题。虽然男士的话较长，但关键点在最后，即hedecidedto

canceltheclass...由此可知，男士没上地理课的原因是因为教授取消了课程。

而男上前面说的很多同学缺席则是教授取消课程的原因，所以D正确。

13、

A、Becausenineisanoddnumber.

B、Becausetheelevatorgotstuck.

C^Becausetheelevatoristooold.

D、Becausetherearctoomanypeopleintheelevator.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：信息明示题。解答本题的关键是理解even（偶数）和odd（奇数），只要

明白这两个词的含义，本题就可迎刃而解。女士说电梯只在偶数层停，而第九层是

奇数层，所以A正确。

14、

A、Therainhasstopped.

B、Shewantstosoakherclothes.

C^Sheislookingforherclothes.

D、It'sminingheavily.

标准答案：D

知识点解析♦：综合推断题。男士问女士雨停了没有，女士回答说她的衣服都湿透

了，言外之意是雨下得很大，故选D。

15、

A、Shegoeshomeforlunch.

B、Shespendshertimeshopping.

C、Shegetsinterestedinwhatsheisreading.

D^Shedoesn'twakeupintime.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士说自己把大部分午饭时间花在图书馆，但那里太安

静以至于她睡着了，由此可以推断，女士之所以回来迟了是因为睡过了头，所以D

正确。

16、

A、Tobuysomepotatoes.

B、Topasshimsomepotatoes.

C、Tohavesomepotatoes.

D、Tohelphimcooksomepotatoes.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：信息明示题。本题的关键是对manage的理解，它在本段对话中相当

于have或eal。男士问女士是否再耍些土豆，女士回答说自己吃不下了，故选C。

17、

A、Itinvolvedafewlunches.

Therewerefreelunches.

C^Therewerethreelunches.

D、Thereweremorethanfreelunches.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。男士说，Isaidfreelunches…由此可知，B正确。解答

本题的关键是听清男士说的这句话，以避免Ihreelunches,manylunches的干扰。

18、

A、Hedecidedtocontinuehisproject.

B、Hewasunabletogetsufficientmoney.

C、Lackoflandpreventedhissuccess.

D、Hewassuccessfulwithhisproject.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。男士说自己听说格林先生陷入财政危机，女士赞成了男

士的说法，由此可知，格林先生没有足够的资金继续他的项目，所以B正确。

19>

A、Paintingtheroomwhite.

B>Buyingwhitefurniture.

C、Waitingthemantodecide.

D、AskingMr.Whiteforadvice.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：建议题。男士说不知该把房间漆成什么颜色，女士建议漆成白色，说

白色和家具的颜色很相配，故选A。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、Thepossibleexistenceoflifeonotherplanets.

B>Methodsforbuildingpowerfulnewtelescopes.

C、Atechnicalproblemthatastronomerscan'tsolve.

D^Thediscoveryofplanetsorbitingdistantstars.

标准答案：D，

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士一开始就介绍说科学团体首次确定了太阳系以外的

行星的存在，虽然人类知道存在着某些遥远的恒星，但却是最近才得知有些恒星有

围绕自己运行的行星，接下来的对话也是围绕这些行星展开的，故选D。

21、

A、Theystudiedvariationsintheappearanceoftheparentstars.

B、Ihcywereabletoseetheplanetswithatelescope.

C、TheycomparedtheparentstarstotheSun.

D^Theysentastronautsonamissionintospace.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士说天文学家是通过间接方法来发现那些行星的，他

们测量出母星发出的光频的细微变化，还观察到母星似乎前后摆动，最终确定这都

是由于沿轨道运行的行星的牵引而引起的，由此推断，科学家们是通过研究母星外

观的变化来确定行星的存在的，故选A。

22,

A^Theirsurfacefeatures.

B、Theirchemicalcomposition.

C^Theirtemperature.

D、Theirage.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。女士说科学家们可以利用新的望远镜来分解、分析光

线，进而希望了解这些行星的化学成分，故选B。

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、Adesiretoexpressoneselfanddisplayone'swealth.

B、Individualtasteandloveforbeauty.

CNLoveforbeautyandadesiretoimpressotherpeople.

D、Individualtasteandadesiretoexpressoneself.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：信息明示题。女士说，现在人们开始相信一种着装心理学，即支配人

们穿什么衣服的不仅有个人品味，还有人们想通过衣服表达一些想法，这些想法可

能自己都未曾意识到。故选D。

24、

A、Theymaybehomesickandfeelinsecure.

B、Theyareeithercoldorverysick.

C、Theymaytrytoattractotherpeople'sattention.

D、Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfromphysicalinjuries.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：信息明示题。由女士所说的probablyfeelinghomesick和ageneral

feelingofinsecurily可知，A正确。

25、

A、Green.

B、Yellow.

C、Red.

D、Grey.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士认为善交际的人偏爱明亮、炫目的颜色，由此推

断.害羞的人则偏爱灰暗的颜色，故选D。

26、

A、Reporterandfashiondesigner.

B、Husbandandwife.

C、Shopassistantandcustomer.

D^Teacherandstudent.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：综合推断题。结合听力材料可知，女士很精通服装，男士则不断用引

导话语向女士提问，由此推断，男士可能是记者而女士可能是服装设计师，故选

Ao

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、InWashington.

B、InLondon.

C、InNewYork.

D、InYorkshire.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：综合推断题。文章开始便指出作者是从伦敦出发前往纽约，那么作者

登机的CrayonAirfield一定是在伦敦了，所以B正确。

28、

A、Chewinggums.

B>Earphones.

C>Magazines.

D^Scatbelts.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章指出，Afewminutesaftertake-off,magazinesand

newspaperswerepassedout,所以C正确。

29、

A、Cocktail.

13、Gum.

C、Earphone.

D、Computer.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章提到，飞机上提供了gum,earphones,cocktail

等，但惟独没有提到电脑，故选D。

30、

A、Thestewardess.

B、Apassenger.

CNMyfriend.

D、Thepilot.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章提到，whenIfeltairsickthestewardessgavemea

paperbag.由此可知，作者晕机的时候空乘给了他一个纸袋，所以A正确。

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分，共4分。）

31、

A、Equivalenttoahydrogenbomb.

B、EquivalenttotonsofTNT.

C^Equivalenttotonsofhydrogenbombs.

D、EquivalenttoatonofTNT.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章第一段指出，Asinglethunderstormcanrelease

energytotheatmosphereequivalenttoahydrogenbomb.由止匕可知A正确。

32、

A、Lightningandthunder.

B、Wannairandcoldair.

C、Agreatdealofwatervaporandarapidlyrisingaircurrent.

D、Agreatamountofvaporandelectricity.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章第二段开头指出，theairmustcontainagreatdealof

walervapor...muslbearapidlyrisingaircurrenl（空气中必须包含大量的水气…还

要有快速上升的气流），由此可知C正确。

33、

A、Nearly15,000degreesFahrenheit.

B、Nearly50,000degreesFahrenheit.

CNNearly5,000degreesFahrenheit,

D、Nearly150,000degreesFahrenheit.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章第二段指出，Thetemperatureproducedbylightning

isnearly50,000degreesFahrenheit.由此可知B正确。本题的夹键是要听清fifty­

thousand而不是fifteen-thousando

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

〃分。）

Withmoreandmoreyoungpeoplegettingintotroublewiththelaw,racialworkersare

verybusy.Theyaretryingtokeep[Bl]outofjailandinschool.Onewaytodo

thisistokeepthoseyoungpeoplebusywitha[B2]activity.Insomeplaces,

socialworkerssetupprogramstodirect[B3]energyfromthedrawingof

graffiti（涂鸦）2the[B4]arts.Inotherplaces,basketballorbaseballteamsare

setup.Sometimestheyoungpeopleare[B5]intopatrolgroups.Then,theyare

giventhejobofprotectingoldercitizensthattheymight[B6]haverobbedand

attacked.Socialworkerssetuptheseyouthprogramstomeettheneedsofa[B7]

area.Socialworkersarehighlytrainedpeopleandaregoodatsolvingcommunity

problems.Theyknowhowtosetup[B8]andgetthingsstarted.However,

[B9]Thesevoluntarypeopleencouragetheyoungartists,trainthesports

teams,andoverseethepatrolgroups.Theydootherkindsofworkaswell.[BIO]

.Manysocialservicevolunteersdonotevenhaveahigh-schooldegree.[Bl1]

34、[Bl]

标准答案：teenagers

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、[B2]

标准答案：satisfying

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、［B3］

标准答案：creative

知识点解析：暂无解析

37、［B4］

标准答案：commercial

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、［B5］

标准答案：organized

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、［B6］

标准答案：otherwise

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、［B7］

标准答案：particular

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、［B8］

标准答案：programs

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、［B9J

标准答案：theday-to-dayworkingsoftheprogramsareoftenhandledbysocialservice

volunteers

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、［BIO］

标准答案：Asfarassocialvolunteersareconcerned»therearenoeducational

requirementsforthejob,however.

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、［Bll］

标准答案：Someofthemarethesameteenagersthatsocialworkersaretryingtokeep

outoftrouble.

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（选词填空）（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共

10分。）

ThecomparativelytreelessplainsofNorthAfricahavesufferedaprogressivedryingup,

both[SI]andman-made,buttheregionwas[S2]sorichinfertilesoil

thatthedistrictwenowknowastheLibyanDesertwas,intheolddays,partofthe

granary(粮仓)oftheRomanEmpire,andthecentreoftheSahara【S3】abusy

tradingpopulationforalongperiod.Thatwaswhentherewere[S4].inplenty

andthefieldswerethetraditional"fieldsofthewoods1'-clearingsintheforest-and

thereforealwaystree[S5]Itisthetreesthatliftthewaterandsend[S6]

intotheairsothatitmayfallasdeworrainfurtheron.Treesreducethespeedof

thewind,andprovideshelterandshade;theroots[S7]mineralsinthesoiland

thesearecarriedtotheleaveswhich,whentheyhavefulfilledtheirfunction,returntothe

earth,givingthesoilthecombinationofmineralsthatplantsrequire.Butthroughtheages

Africahasbeen[S8].Successiveinvadershavefelledtheforesttoprovide

grazinglandsfortheirflocksandherds.Withtheremovaloftheessentialtreecover,the

water[S9]wasbroken,theearthbecamefeverishandsick,andincourseof

timewasunabletosupportthosewhohadbrokenthe[S10]oflifebyremoving

theearth'sgreenmantle-thetrees.A)moistureI)fedB)cycleJ)exploitedC)water

K)socialD)rhythmL)naturalE)containM)forestF)trapN)usuallyG)onceO)trees

H)surroundcd

45、[SI]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：该空内容要求与后面的man-made对应，并且二者由both...and连

接。

46、[S2]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：根据语法结构要求，该空要求填入一个副词，根据上下文意思应该选

择once。

47、[S3]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：该空应填入动词，根据上下文应选择fed,意思为“供养了(一个从事

经商的民族)

48、[S4]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：根据上下文应该选择"trees"。Thereweretreesinplenty.(那儿生长着

大量的树木。)

49、[S5]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：根据上下文，应该填入surrounded。

50、[S6]

标准答案：A

知识点解析:sendmoistureintotheair意思是“将水分送往空中

51、[S7]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：theroots,trapminerals意思是“树根可以留住矿物质

52、[S8]

标准答案：J

知识点解析；exploit在此意思为“开发”。

53、[S9]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：选择cycle构成watercycle（水的循环）。

54、[S10]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：therhythmoflife意思为“生活的节奏”。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分,共10分。）

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaper

classifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong"situationsvacant",althoughitdoesnot

offeranyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong''situationswanted',,althoughitis

notplacedbysomeonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplying

forajob."Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication",or"Makeuseofourlong

experienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory",ishowitisusually

expressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,a

reflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthe

growingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae（orjobhistory）,withthesuggestionthatit

maynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.Therewasatimewhenjobseekers

simplywrotelettersofapplication."Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhether

youhavepassedanyexams",wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoung

peopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustfor

openers,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.

Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyou

couldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidthe

rest.Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalled

for.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufrom

therest,hmightbetheaggressiveapproach."Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyou

arelookingfor",wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbe

somespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinterview.Thereisnodoubt,however,

thatitisincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsinthe

processofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.

55、Thenewtypeofadvertisementwhichisappearinginnewspapercolumns.

A、informsjobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailable

B、promisestoofferusefuladvicetothoselookingforemployment

C、dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypes

D、informsemployersofthepeopleavailableforwork

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节理解题。该题有一定难度。根据题干，解答该题应定位在第一

段。第一段第二行说…亡有时放在、'situationsvacant招聘）栏目...，”其中招聘加了

引号，再加上随后的让步从句明确否定了给人提供工作，所以A项应排除。第三

行说“它有时放在飞ituationswanted，（求职）栏目随后的让步从句也明确否定了

D项。而选择正确答案应根据最后一，句话“Whatitdocsistoofferhelpinapplyingfor

ajob.项正确。C项“把现有的工作分成各种类型”文章没有提及，也应排除。

56、Nowadaysademandforthisspecializedtypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause

A^thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeople

R、therearesomanytop-leveljobsavailable

C^therearesomanypeopleoutofwork

D^thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节理解题。解答该题只需正确理解第二段第二行“Thegrowthand

apparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecunent

highlevelsofunemployment.”（这种特别服务的出现和成功反映了当今的高失业

率。）这正是C项的内容。该题属倒着考题型。

57、Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould.

A、writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B、passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C、havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D、keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节理解题。最关键的提示句应该是第三段第三句"Theletterwas

reallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfor

theinterview.”言外之意，在信中不必写得太详细，应该在得到面试机会时再透露

更多细节。D项为正确选项。

58、Later,asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvisedtoinclude

intheletter.

A、somethingthatwoulddistinguishonefromotherapplicants

B、hintedinformationaboutthepersonalityoftheapplicant

C、one'sadvantagesoverothersinapplyingforthejob

D^anoccasionaltrickwiththeaggressiveapproach

标准答案：Ai

知识点解析：细节理解题。文章第四段第一行中的“asyoumoveduptheladder”对应

/题干中的“asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobsno因此,随后的内容即

为答案：“Somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwasto

putsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest."A项正确。B项

说“有关申请人个性的隐含信息”，C项说“申请人申请工作时相对于其他人的优

势”，这两项均不正确，D)项表示“用主动积极的方法偶尔玩点花招”只是引入关注

的其中一种方法，不如A具有概括性。

59、Thecurriculumvitaehasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause.

A、therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertised

B、therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegrees

C、jobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowadays

D^theotherprocessesofapplyingforjobsarcmorecomplicated

标准答案：B

知识点解析：单句理解题。本题问个人履历为什么重要。学生只要正确理解最后一

段，就可做出正确选择，最后一句实际，是一强调句型：“…itisincreasingnumber

ofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthat

hasledlothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvilae.”明确讲明是越来越多的具有

大学教育背景的求职者使得个人履历更显重要。“itis”后的内容也即是B项的内

容，所以B项正确。A、C、D项文中都没有涉及，均应排除。

Incitieswithrentcontrol,thecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrentthatalandlordcan

chargeforanapartment.Supportersofrentcontrolarguethatitprotectspeoplewhoare

livinginapartments.Theirrentcannotincrease;therefore,theyarenotindangerof

losingtheirhomes.However,thecriticssaythatafteralongtime,rentcontrolmayhave

negativeeffects.Landlordsknow(hat(heycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore,(hey

investinotherbusinesseswheretheycanincreasetheirprofits.Theydonotinvestinnew

buildingswhichwouldalsobercnt-controllcd.Asaresult,newapartmentsarenotbuilt.

Manypeoplewhoneedapartmentscannotfindany.Accordingtothecritics,theend

resultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentsinthecity.Sometheoristsarguethatthe

minimumwagelawcancauseproblemsinthesameway.Thefederalgovernmentsets

theminimumthatanemployermustpayworkers.Theininiinumhelpspeoplewho

generallylookforunskilled,low-payingjobs.However,iftheminimumishigh,

employersmayhirefewerworkers.Theywillreplaceworkerswithmachinery.Theprice,

Whichisthewagethatemployersmustpay,increases.Therefore,otherthingsbeing

equal,thenumberofworkersthatemployerswantdecreases.Thus,criticsclaim,an

increaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.Somepoorpeoplemayfind

themselveswithoutjobsinsteadofwithjobsaltheminimumwage.Supportersofthe

minimumwagesaythatiihelpspeoplekeeptheirdignity.Becauseofthelaw,workers

cannotselltheirservicesforlessthantheminimum.Furthermore,employerscannotforce

workerstoacceptjobsatunfairwages.Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomic

decisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.

Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif"otherthingsarcequal'1.Economistsdonotagree

onsomeofthepredictions.Theyalsodonotagreeonthevalueofdifferentdecisions.

Someeconomistssupportaparticulardecisionwhileotherscriticizeit.Economistsdo

agree,however,thatth