名词性从句-市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

名词性从句Nounclauses第1页我梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。MydreamisthatIcanenterakeyuniversity.我能进入一所重点大学是我梦想。ThatIcanenterakeyuniversity

ismydream.IhaveadreamthatIcanenterakeyuniversity.我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。Ialwaysdream

thatIcanenterakeyuniversity.第2页定义:在句子中起名词作用从句叫名词从句。作用:在复合句中作宾语、表语、主语和同位语。所以，名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。第3页请判断出以下句子属于哪种从句WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.Idon’tthinkheisanhonestboy.Thefactisthathestolethecar.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?Itissaidthattheywonthegame.(主从)(同位语从句)(宾从)(表从)(同位语从句)(主从)第4页一、宾语从句1.作动词宾语1)引导词that可省略Ihear(that)hewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.2)由what,whether(if)引导Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.3)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.第5页2.作介词宾语Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.3.It作为形式宾语Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.1)动词如make,find,think,feel,consider,believe等后面有宾补时，可用结构make/find等+it+宾补（adj/n)+宾语从句。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboi-ledwatereveryday.第6页2)有些表示好恶动词及动词短语后，如enjoy,like,love,appreciate,dislike,hate,can’thelp,seeto,dependon,即这些动词及动词短语后面宾语从句前要加it.Ihateitwhentheyspeakwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.Iwouldappreciateitifyouhelpedme.Seetoitthatchildrendon’tcatchcold第7页宾语从句引导词1)连词:that,if,whether2)连接代词:who,whose,what,which3)连接副词:when,where,how,whyShetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.第8页Idon’tknowifhewillattendtheparty.Idon’tknowwhoknockedatthedoor.Doyouknowwhosecaritis?Canyoutellmewhattheyaredoing?Idon’tknowwhichschoolshestudiesin?第9页Pleasetellmewhenthetrainarrives.Couldyoutellmewhereyouarefrom?LetmetellyouhowmuchIspentonthecar.Peterknewwhyhisfatherwassoangry.第10页主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等,其后宾语从句若含有否定词not,普通要把否定词not转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用必定.1.否定转移Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.宾语从句注意事项：第11页2.that不能省略情况1）that引导动词后宾语从句时,可省略。但假如宾语从句是并列句时，引导第二个分句that不可省略。Hesaid(that)hewaslateforschoolagainandthattheteacherwouldpunishhim.2)that引导宾语从句作介词宾语时Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.第12页3.宾语从句时态1)主句用过去时,且从句中有详细时间状语则用过去式(如从句表示客观真理,可用现在时)Hesaidhewasbornin1980.YesterdayTomsaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.2)主句为现在时时,从句可依据需要选取各种时态IthinkthattheGreen’shaveleftforHawaii.Iwanttoknowif/whetherhewillgosurfingthisafternoon.第13页3)以下动词后加宾语从句，从句需用should+do,should能够省虚拟语气。一个坚持insist,两个命令order,command三个提议suggest,propose,advise四个要求demand,require,request,desireItwassuggestedthatmoreteachersshouldbesenttheretohelpthem.Tominsistedthathisleadershipberecognizedbyalltheboys.第14页练习:用whose,whom,what,how,that填空.1.Ithink____hewillbeallrightinafewdays.2.Doyouknow_____theyarewaitingfor?3.Heasked_____dictionaryitwas.4.Pleasepayattentionto_____theteachersaid.5.Canyoutellme_____Icangettotherailwaystation?thatwhomwhosewhathow第15页二、表语从句表语从句放在系动词之后，普通结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”1、由that引导，that不作成份，只起连接作用，且that不能够省略。Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.2、由whether引导表示不确定，由because引导表示原因。Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.ItisbecauseIhaveeverheardofthestory.第16页3.what,which,who,whom,whose等连接代词及when,where,how,why等连接副词既引导句子又充当一定句子成份.Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.Thequestionishowhedidit.Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.

4.asif常与look,seem,sound等连系动词连用.Shelooksasifshewouldcry.5.在一些表示“提议，劝说，命令”名词后表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。Mysuggestionisthatwe（should）startearlytomorrow.第17页经典试题1.Wecannotfigureout____quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when2.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin____wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where3.Parentsaretaughttounderstand__importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.A.thatB.howC.suchD.so4.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis____Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.howCABB第18页5.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow___I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how6.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand___theyinsistongoingbymotorbike.A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.how7.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?---Oh,that’s____.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited8.PeoplehaveheardwhatthePresidenthassaid;theyarewaitingtosee___hewilldo.A.howB.thatC.whenD.whatCAAD第19页9.---Ithinkit’sgoingtobeabigproblem.---Yes,itcouldbe.---Iwonder___wecandoaboutit.A.ifB.howC.whatD.that10.Perseveranceisakindofquality--andthat’s___ittakestodoanythingwell.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why11.Ireallydon’tknow___Ihadthisphototaken.A.whereitwasthatB.itwasthatC.whereitwasD.itwaswhyCAA第20页12.Nevertake___forgrantedthatIwillhelpyou.Betterdependonyourself.A.thatB.itC.whichD.this13.Itlooks___heisunhappytoday.A.thatB.ifC.asifD.whether14.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo___Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever15.Theoldwomanwasshockedby___hadhappenedtoherdaughter.A.whomB.whichC.thatD.whatBCAD第21页三、主语从句主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前,如Whowillwinthegameisunknown.1.it作形式主语四个主要句型1)It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.It’snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。第22页2)It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.3)It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madeearthsatelliteintoorbit.第23页4)It+不及物动词(seem,happen等)+that从句ItseemedthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.2.主语从句主谓一致主语从句多表示单一概念,所以主句谓语动词多用单数.what引导从句依据表示含义来确定谓语动词单复数.Whenandwherewe’llgo

isn’tdecided.Whatweneed

arebooks/iswater.第24页3.What与that使用方法区分what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语,而that则不作句子成份.Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.Thatsheisstillaliveisgoodnews.4.Whether和if使用方法区分1)通常,引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句用whether不用ifItdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.Theproblemiswhethershewillhaveenoughtime.第25页2)正式文体中，与ornot连用时，用whether.Iwonderwhetheritisbigenoughornot.注意，在口语中“if…ornot”可接收，但连写“ifornot”总是错误。3)做介词宾语时用whether.Ihaven’tsettledthequestionofwhetherI’llgobackhome.4)与不定式连用只能用whether.Shehasn’tdecidedwhethertogoornot.第26页经典试题1.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,___ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how2.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter___I’mtalkingto.A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom3.___madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversity.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That.;becauseBBB第27页4.Itisprettywellunderstood___controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.howD.what5.__wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what6.---WhatdoyouthinkofChina?---__differentlifeistodayfrom__itusedtobe.How,whatB.What,whatC.How,thatD.What,that7.___youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether8.___Iwasfreethatevening.IthappenedtoB.IthappenedthatC.ThathappenedD.ItwashappenedthatDAACB第28页9.Itwastrue__Alicedidsurprisehermother.A.thatB.whatC.that,whatD.what,that10.It’snotyetclear__ofthosewillbechosentodothejob.A.thatB.whomC.whichD.whose11.__inthenewspaperthattheJapaneseministerwillarrivenextMonday.A.ItsaysB.ItissaidC.IthassaidD.Heissaid12.__wehaveseenisquitedifferentfrom__wehaveheard.A.That,thatB.What,thatC.That,whatD.What,what13.__Ihavewillbeyourssoonerorlater.A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhateverC.WhateverD.That14.___wasawell-knownfact.A.ThattheirteamwasweakB.Thattheirteambeingweak.C.TheirteamwasweakD.IftheirteamwasweakCCBDCA第29页用主语从句完成句子.1._____________________(她赢了这场比赛)madeusveryhappy.2.________________(所需要)iscarefulpreparation.3.__________________________(她是否来)doesn’tmattertoomuch.4.Thathewillsucceediscertain.(用it句型改写)______________________________________5.Whyhedidthisisnotknown.(用it句型改写)______________________________________ThatshewonthegameWhatisneededWhethersheiscomingornot

Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.

Itisnotknownwhyhedidthis.

第30页四、同位语从句同位语从句普通用whether，that等词引导，常放在名词后面，说明该名词详细内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰名词在内容上为同一关系。1.同位语从句先行词多为fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,belief,hope,message,doubt,truth,information,theory,plan等,关联词多用隶属连词that.Wheredidyougettheidea

that

Icouldnotcome?Theywereallverymuchworriedoverthefact

that

youweresick.第31页2.同位语从句意义完整,应用that;意义不完整需增加“是否”含义,应用whether；需要增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用when，where，how等词。Ihavenoidea

whether

he’llcomeornot.Thequestion

whoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.3.表示“提议、命令、要求”名词所跟同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气（should+动词原形，should可省略）Thisisouronlyrequest

thatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.Thegeneralgavetheorder

that

thesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.第32页1.that引导同位语从句与定语从句区分句法功效上意义上that引导同位语从句that引导定语从句只起连接从句作用,无意义,在从句中不充当句子成份,不可省略替换先行词在从句中不但起连接作用,还充当句子成份.若在从句中作宾语可省略.从句是对名词内容解释说明从句起修饰限定作用,是定语名词性从句中易错易混现象第33页Thenews

that

Mr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.Thenews

that

hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.同位语从句,that不可省略定语从句,that在从句中作told宾语,可省略第34页填上适当连接词1.Ihavenoidea_____hewillbeback.2.Weheardthenews_____ourteamhadwon.3.Therearosethequestion______wecouldgettheloan4.Thesuggestion____theplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.5.Haveyouheardthenews_____Marywillbebacksoon?whenthatwherethatthat第35页2名词性从句用陈说句语序。Whenwewillleavehereis