Unit5ADelicateWorldUnderstandingIdeas课件-高中英语选择性

Unit5ADelicateWorld【版本：外研册别：选择性必修二】UnderstandingideasArewehumansaloneonthisbeautifulplanet?Ofcoursenot!Ifonespeciesgoextinct,willthataffectus?Absolutely!Weandotherlivingthings,suchasplants,animals,insectsarelivingonthisplanettogether!Wedependoneachothertolive.That’showecosystemworks!Let’swatchavideoandlearnmoreaboutecosystemandhowwelivingthingsconnecttogether.WatchandThinkArehumanspartofEarth’secosystems?Why?Inwhatwayscanhumansaffectecosystems?1.ArehumanspartofEarth’secosystems?Why?ChecktheanswersYes.HumansarepartofEarth’secosystems.Becauseallthelivingthingsliveinecosystemsandpeoplearelivingthings.2.Inwhatwayscanhumansaffectecosystems?Humanscanaffectecosystemsinpositiveandnegativeways.Forexample,tohaveapositiveinfluenceonecosystems,peoplecanplanttrees,feedandprotectanimals,recyclethings,etc.However,deforestation,airandwaterpollutionandexcessivewasteaffectecosystemsinanegativeway.Lookatthesatelliteimages(P49)andanswerthequestions.1.Whatishappeningtotheareaaccordingtothesatelliteimages?AralSeaisbecomingsmallerandsmaller/shrinking.Lookatthesatelliteimages(P49)andanswerthequestions.2.Whatdoyouthinkalatersatelliteimagewouldshow?3.Whatdoyouthinkcausedthesechanges?Asmallerone.Maybeitwouldnotbeabletoshowanything.Climatechange.Environmentalpollution.People’sactivities…ImagineTherearesomebirdsandpenguinsonanislandlikethisone.Whatkindofchangeswouldtakeplaceifcats,ratsandrabbitswereintroducedtoanenvironmentlikethis?Theywouldhuntthebirdsandeatthenativevegetation,thusupsettingthelocalecologicalbalance.MacquarieIslandhasexperiencedsuchthingswejusttalkedabout.Let’sturntopage50andseewhatreallyhappenedtoitandhowthingsaregoingonthisislandnow.IIFastreadingReadforthemainideaofeachparagraphandthepassagestructure.FindoutwhathappenedtoMacquarieIsland.Thinkabouttheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage.ReadandThinkTask1:FindoutwhathappenedtoMacquarie

IslandNon-nativespeciesintroducedtoMacquarieIslandattackednativebirds,andledtoasubstantialreductionofbirdpopulationandeventheextinctionofparakeets鹦鹉.Inaddition,non-nativespeciesateanddevastated破坏thenativevegetation.Allofthisplayedapartinupsetting扰乱thenaturalharmonyoftheisland.Butnowtheisland’secologyisontheroadtorecoverywithhumanefforts.Para.1Para.3Para.4Para.6Task2:Readforthemainideaofeachparagraphand

thepassagestructure.a.Thebigproblembroughtbyhumans.b.ThelocationandnaturalcharacteristicsofMacquarieIsland.c.Rabbitsmultipliedandcausedsoilerosionandincreasing.d.Peopletriedtotackletheproblemandfailed.e.Theauthoristryingtotackletheproblem.f.ThesituationonMacquarieIslandwasgettingworse.Para.2Para.5PartⅠAnintroductiontotheisland.PartⅡThetragicstoryofthenativespecies.PartⅢTheprogrammetorecovertheecology.Task3:Choosetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassageandgiveyourreasons.1.ToanalysehowMacquarieIslandwassavedfromdestruction.2.ToinformreadersofthechaoscausedonMacquarieIslandbyhumans.3.ToentertainreaderswithafunnystoryaboutwhathappenedonMacquarieIsland.4.Tosuggestwaysinwhichanecosystemcanbeprotected.Para2:...It’satragicstorythatbeganin1810whenhumansarrivedonthe

island...Para6:So,IamhereonMacquarieIslandtoparticipateintheprogrammeto

trackthisproblem.Thefirststep...Therearemanyotherexamples…IIICarefulreadingIamstandingonMacquarieIsland,intheSouth-westPacificOcean,halfwaybetweenAustraliaandAntarctica.Strongwindsandstormyseashavehelpedsculptitslong,thinshape.Thegreengrassandbarerockofitslandscapecontrastdramatically,givingitawildandnaturalbeauty.NovisitorwouldthinkitsurprisingthattheislandisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.HowwouldyoudescribethecurrentMacquarieIsland?ReadandAnswerPara.1WorldHeritageSite世界遗产地beinharmonywith与……和谐共处/协调一致

Buttheisland’smorerecenthistorytellsadifferentstory.It’satragicstorythatbeganin1810whenhumansarrivedontheisland.Intheirshipstheyunknowinglybroughtratsandmice.Thesesmallanimalsquicklytookovertheisland,eatingthebirds’eggsandattackingbabybirds.Catswerebroughttotheislandtocontroltheratsandmice.Unfortunately,thecatssubsequentlydevelopedanappetiteforthebirds,too.WhatcausedthetragedyontheIsland?ReadandAnswerPara.2Thearrivalofthehumanswhobroughtratsandmice.subsequentlyadv

subsequent(adj随后的)+-ly(副词后缀)→后来；随后subsequentadj

sub-(closely接近地)+sequ(tofollow跟随)+-ent(形容词后缀)→紧跟其后的→随后的appetiten[C]ap-(to却)+petit(toseek追求)+-e→对食物的追求→食欲/胃口developanappetitefor对……产生兴趣

Meanwhile,rabbitswereintroducedtotheislandasasourceoffoodforhumans.Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest一theymultipliedrapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetationanddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion.Theexplodingrabbitpopulationprovidedplentifulfoodforthecats,meaningthatthenumberofcatsalsoincreased.Thisinturnledtomorecatshuntingthebirds.Theendresultwasthatparakeets,oncelargeinnumberandnativetotheisland,diedoutin1891.What’stheprimaryreasonwhyparakeetsdiedout?ReadandAnswerPara.3Introducerabbits.Rabbitsmultiplied.Catsaterabbits.MorecatsCatshuntedbirds.Parakeetsdiedout.beintroducedto被引入multiplyvt&vimulti-(many多)+ply-(tofold折叠)→折叠多次→(使)大量增加;(使)繁殖→乘加减乘除:add,subtract,multiply,divide

EvenafterMacquarieIslandbecameanofficialnaturereserveinthe1970s,therabbitsremainedoutofcontrol.Expertsfeltitnecessarytocomeupwithaplantoremovealltherabbitsfromtheisland.Withthisgoalinmind,aviruswasreleasedontotheisland.Butalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecreasefrom130,000toaround10,000,italsomeantlessfoodforthecats.Thecatsinconsequenceturnedtheirattention-andtheirstomachs-backtothenativebirds,killingupto60,000eachyear.Inthe1980s,trapsanddogswereusedtocatchthecats.ThelastMacquarieIslandcatwascaughtin2000.Whatmeasuresweretakentotackletherabbitprobleminthe1970s?ReadandAnswerPara.4Releasingavirus.Introducetrapsanddogs.①②

Butasthesayinggoes,“Whilethecat’saway,themicewillplay.”Withthedepartureofthecatsfromtheisland,themouseandratpopulationstartedtoincrease.Andrememberthose10,000orsorabbits?Itturnedoutthattheydevelopedanimmunitytothevirus,andtheirnumbersexplodedonceagain.Thenin2006,therabbits’diggingcausedsomelandtocollapse,andkilledasubstantialnumberofpenguins.Thisincidentmadeitclearthattherat,mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolvingonceandforall.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?ReadandAnswerPara.5Itisabouttheongoingviciouscircle(恶性循环):Themouseandratpopulationstartedtoincrease.Thenumberofrabbitexploded,causingsomelandtocollapse,andpenguinskilled.asthesayinggoes正如俗语/老话所说anumberof大量的onceandforall彻底地；一劳永逸地explodevex-(out出去)+plod(鼓掌、欢呼)+-e(动词后缀)词源：古希腊人和古罗马人在观看戏剧时，通过掌声和喝彩声表达喜爱和赞赏之情，而不喜欢演员的表演时，他们也会通过嘘声、倒彩声以及其他各种噪声来表达反感，直到将演员轰下台为止。explode的本义就是“通过噪声把演员轰下台”。到了18世纪后期，explode词义慢慢变为“使其突然而又大声地爆发”，后来才完全转变为“突然而又大声地爆发、爆炸”。So,IamhereonMacquarieIslandtoparticipateintheprogrammetotacklethisveryproblem.Thefirststepinvolvedpoisonbeingdroppedfromhelicopters.Thenextstepistoremovethelastremaininginvadingspecies,andthat’swhereIcomein-withmydogs.Theyhavebeentrainedtofindeverylastone,withoutharmingthenativeanimals.Thisinterventionisalong,much-delayedendingtoasadstory,butwehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending.Whatdidtheauthordototackletheproblem?ReadandAnswerPara.6Droppoisonandremovetheinvadingspecies.interventionn

inter-(between在中间)+ven(tocome来)+-tion(名词后缀)→来到中间→干预;介入oweittosbtodosth(认为)应该为某人做某事ⅣPost-readingWhatisyourunderstandingof“…wehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending”?Doyouthinkitwasrighttoeradicate消除the“pests”fromMacquarieIsland?Giveyourreasons.Howcouldsimilarsituationsbeavoidedinthefuture?Whatlanguagecanyouusetotalkaboutcauseandeffect?Howwouldyouapplyittoyourreadingandwriting?ThinkShare1.Whatisyourunderstandingof“…wehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending”?ThinkShareSinceitiswehumansthataretoblamefortheecologicalproblemwiththeisland,wemustshouldertheresponsibilitytomakeeffortstorecovertheecologyofit.2.Doyouthinkitwasrighttoeradicatethe“pests”fromMacquarieIsland?Giveyourreasons.ThinkShareNo,Idon’tthinkitwasagoodideasforustoeradicatethe“pests”fromMacquarieIsland.Because…3.Howcouldsimilarsituationsbeavoidedinthefuture?ThinkShareToavoidsimilarsituationsinthefuture,weshouldprotectthenaturalecosystemandbeawareofthepotentialimpactthathumanactivitiescanhaveonecosystems.LanguagepointsV①陷阱；夹子；罗网setatrapformice设夹子捉老鼠②（陷害人的）圈套；诡计fallintoatrap落入圈套③牢笼；困境Hehasfoundhe’scaughtinatrapofhisownmaking.他发现自己作茧自缚。ImportantWordstrapn[C]ImportantWords2.dramaticallyadv显著地；戏剧地；引人注目地draman[C]

①（一出）戏；戏剧性事件②[U]戏剧；戏剧艺术；戏剧文学dramaticadj①戏剧的；戏剧性的thedramaticarts戏剧艺术②突然的adramaticincrease剧增③给人印象深刻的adramaticvictory激动人心的胜利ImportantWords1)The“ChineseDream”isadreamtoimprovepeople’swell-being

andadreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.中国梦是提高人民幸福感的梦，是和谐、和平与发展的梦。2)Inthisheavenlyworld,peopleliveinperfectharmonywithnature.在这天堂般的世界里，人与自然和谐相处。3.harmonyn[C]&[U]和谐；和睦；融洽

harmonious

adj

和谐的；和睦的harmonioussociety和谐社会

①使爆炸

explodeabomb引爆炸弹ImportantWords②（感情、暴力事件）爆发；激增explodewithanger勃然大怒4.explodevThefireworkexplodedinhishand.那个爆竹在他手里响了。Florida’spopulationexplodedafterWorldWarⅡ.二战后，佛罗里达州的人口迅速增加。

Importantphases1failtodosth2inharmonywith3developanappetitefor4beintroducedto5soilerosion6outofcontrol7remove…from未能做成某事与……和谐从……移走/去除失控土壤侵蚀对……产生兴趣被引入……Importantphases8decreasefrom…to9inconsequence10turnout11asubstantialnumberof12onceandforall13everylast14oweittosbtodosth从……减少到……结果；因此(认为)应该为某人做某事每一个彻底地；一劳永逸地原来是；结果是，证明是大量的Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.(P50)Importantsentences

Theycouldn’thelpbutimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedincompleteunitywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.Paraphrase:failtodosth/failindoingsth未能做成某事Thegreatbridgecannotfailtostopyouinyourtracks.这座宏伟的大桥一定会让你止步观赏。HefailedinpersuadingMarytogotherewithhim.他没能说服玛丽和他一起去。Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.(P50)Importantsentences具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构。本句中nor

为否定词，它所引导的句子要用倒装语序，常见结构为：Nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其它成分。Hedidn’tquithisjob,norwashefired.他没有辞职，也没有被解雇。Theycouldn’tunderstanditatthattime,andnorcouldwe.他们那时无法理解这件事，我们也理解不了。Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.(P50)Importantsentences具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构。类似副词和短语还有：never,seldom,little,few,rarely,nowhere,notuntil,hardly…when,nosooner…than,notonly…butalso,innoway,bynomeans,undernocircumstancesetc.1)NeverbeforehaveIseensuchamovingfilm.2)Bynomeanswillwegiveup.3)HardlyhadIenteredtheclassroomwhenthebellrang.2.Unfortunately,thecatssubsequentlydevelopedanappetiteforthebirds,too.(P50)Importantsentences

Unfortunately,thecatssubsequentlybegantoeatthebirds,too.developanappetitefor...developatastefor...developaninterestin...Suzydevelopedaninterestinviolinwhenshewasjustachild.Suzy还是小孩子的时候，就对小提琴产生了兴趣。Paraphrase:对……产生兴趣3.Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest–theymultipliedrapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetationanddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion.(P50)Importantsentences

Rabbitswerefreeontheislandandtheydidwhatrabbitsdobest–theyincreasedtheirnumbersrapidlyandbeganeatingthelocalplants,flowers,etcanddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion.Looseontheisland是形容词（短语）作状语。其用法：其逻辑主语为句子的主语，是由主语相同的两个句子改写而成的。Paraphrase:3.Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest–theymultipliedrapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetationanddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion.(P50)Importantsentences形容词（短语）作状语。其用法：其逻辑主语为句子的主语，是由主语相同的两个句子改写而成的。试着用“形容词短语”改写下列句子：1)Wereachedthetopofthemountain.Weweretiredandhungry.改写：Wereachedthetopofthemountain,tiredandhungry.2)Janewassatisfiedwithit.Sheboughtthebookimmediately.改写：Satisfiedwithit,Janeboughtthebookimmediately.4.Thisinturnledtomorecatshuntingthebirds.(P50)Importantsentences

Asaresult,thisledtomorecatshuntingthebirds.inturn依次；轮流。还可以表示结果，相当于asaresult，和下文中的inconsequence同义。Paraphrase:1)Thegrapeproductiondeclinedgreatlythisyearwhichinturnbroughtariseinitsprice.

今年的葡萄产量大幅度下降，因此价格上涨了。2)Hewasovertheagelimitandinconsequence,hisapplicationwasrejected.他已超过了年龄限制，因此他的申请被拒绝了。5.Theyhavebeentrainedtofindeverylastone,withoutharmingthenativeanimals.(P51)Importantsentences

Theyhavebeentrainedtofindalltheremaininginvadingspecies,andatthesametime,theyarerequirednottoharmthenativeanimals.everylast与everysingle同义，比every语气更强，相当于all。one

在此代替前一句话中所说的thelastremaininginvadingspecies。Paraphrase:1)Mysisterateeverylastbiscu