浙江省九校2022-2023学年高二下学期期中联考英语试卷（含答案）

浙江省九校2022-2023学年高二下学期期中联考英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读理解阅读理解Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldspeakaforeignlanguagewithouttakingtheclasses?Haveyoueverhadtroublewhiletravellingabroadbecauseofthelanguagebarrier?MeetMUAMAEnence—aJapanesehigh-techinventionthatallowsyoutocommunicateinmorethan40languages,withoutwastingyourtimeandmoneyforboringlanguageclasses.Whenyoucommunicatewithanotherpersonnomatterwhatlanguageheorshespeaks,thistinybutgeniusdeviceinstantlyrecordsandtranslatesover40languages.Youcanuseitwhentravelling,forbusinessmeetingsorwheneveryouwishtosaysomethinginadifferentlanguage.HowDoesItWork?Althoughitisarmedwiththelatesttechnology,usingthedeviceissupereasy.Allyouneedtodoistochoosethelanguageinwhichyouwanttocommunicateandrecordyourwordsorsentences.YoucanevenrecordreallylongsentencesandEnencewilltranslateeverythingperfectly!WhyIsMUAMAEnenceSoPopular?Thisgeniusdeviceallowsyoutostartcommunicating(YES,speaking!)withalmosteverypersonintheworld.Thistechnologywasneverbeforeavailabletothepublic.Foralimitedtimeonlythisdeviceisavailableforaheavilyreducedpriceof$89(previously$189).OurConclusion—BuyItWhileIt'sStillAvailableThelowcostandhighqualityEnencetranslatorischangingtheworld.Theproducthasbeensellinglikecrazy,butthestockwon'tlastlongasthesuppliesarelimited.WerecommendorderingMUAMAEnenceTranslatorwhileitisstillavailable.Clickheretocheckavailabilitynow!1．WhatisMUAMAEnence?A．Itisanorganizationaimedatbreakingthelanguagebarrierintheworld.B．Itisadevicewithhigh-techtopromoteeasiercommunicationwithforeigners.C．Itisanappenablingpeopletomastervariousforeignlanguagesinashorttime.D．Itisatechnologyappliedtotravellingabroadandbusinessmeetingsfreeofcharge.2．HowmuchshouldyoupayfortwosetsofMUAMAEnencenow?A．$178. B．$200. C．$278. D．$378.3．Wherecanyoufindthepassage?A．Inanewspaper. B．OntheInternet.C．Inamagazine. D．Inaguidebook.阅读理解"Youshouldgetacat,"mydoctorsaid."Acat?"Icouldn'tevenlookaftermyself!Itookadeepbreathandcarefullyconsideredtheideaofwelcomingafeline(猫科的)friendintomylife.Adoptingananimalduringtheheightofthepandemicwasfarfromeasy.WhenmypartnerandIfoundCinnamon,heradoptioninformationmadeheroutastheperfectkitten.Wefilledoutthepaperworkandhadafewweekstoprepareforherarrival.Whenshecamehome,itbecameincreasinglyobviousthatCinnamondidn'tunderstand"no","stopit"or"don'tdothat".ShewastheworstcatI'veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmydoctor'sadvice.Wedecidedtostarttakingherforwalks.Icouldhardlyleavethehousebefore,butmyheartcouldn'tsaynotoCinnamon.Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.Ifoundmyselfmirroringherbehaviorafterawhile,jumpingoutofbedwithoutasecondthought.Ibegantofindthemotivationtogetoutofbedinthemorning.Cinnamonunfortunatelypassedawayafteramedicalaccident,leavingacat-sizedholeinmyheartthedaysheleftusatonlysixmonthsold.I'mnostrangertosadnessorgrief,butlosingmypetsosuddenlywasthemostconfusingemotionalexperienceI'veeverhad.Shewassupposedtohelpmethroughmoreofmylifethanthethreeshortmonthswehadher.Shenolongerwakesmeupat5a.m.beggingforbreakfast,butsheisstillthereasonIgetupeverymorning.Ourtimeisoftencutunpredictably,unmistakablyshort.Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.4．Howdidtheauthorfeeloriginallywhenadvisedtoadoptacat?A．Thrilled. B．Ashamed. C．Shocked. D．Relieved.5．Whydidtheauthordoubtthedoctor'sadviceinthebeginning?A．Becausetheauthorwastooilltolookafterthecat.B．Becausethepandemicmadeitimpossibletokeepacatathome.C．Becausetheauthor'sfamilydidn'tapproveoftheplan.D．Becauseraisingthecatwaschallengingfortheauthor.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecatCinnamon?A．Stupidbutadorable. B．Naughtyandadventurous.C．Inactivebutcourageous. D．Fierceandaggressive.7．Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A．Friendshipwithpetsisshort.B．Theshortlifeispredictable.C．Thelossofapetispainful.D．Thecouragetotakerisksisbeneficial.阅读理解Youmightseelonelinessassomeone(usuallyanoldperson)sitsalone,staringintothedistanceoroutofawindow.Suchimagesaredeceptive.Researchershaveactuallyfoundthatthosewhoreportexperiencinglonelinessthemostareyoungpeople,andsuchimagesofsolitude(孤独)don'tmatchtheexperienceoflonelinessduringyouth.Thoseyearsaretypicallyspentsurroundedbyotherpeople,atschooloratwork.Lonelinessduringyouthcanbedefinedasanegativefeelingaboutadifferencebetweentherelationshipswehaveandthosewewant.Thismeanswemightfeellonelyinthecompanyofothersifwedon'tfeeltheyunderstandusorsharecommoninterestswithus.Althoughlonelinessisoftenadifficultexperience,itcanhelpustoreconnectandtorethinkourrelationshipssothatwecanbuild(orseekout)theonesthatmeanthemosttous.Therearecertainfeaturesofyouththattendtogiverisetoloneliness.Inyouth,ourfriendshipsareincreasinglyimportantinprovidinguswithemotionalsupport.Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplehavehigherexpectationsoftheirfriendshipsthanadultsdo;theyshowapreferenceforlargerfriendgroups,morecompanionshipandhigherfrequencyofcontactwithfriends.Whenweconsiderthatlonelinessservesthefunctionofkeepingussafewithinoursocialworld,itmakessensethatthefeelinglikewedonot"fitin",assomanyyoungpeoplefeel,givesrisetoloneliness.Anotherreasonisourdevelopingsenseofself-discoveringwhoweare.Thatoftenmeanschangestovaluesorbeliefs.Itcanbechallengingwhenyourfriendsaregoingthroughthesameprocess,butmightnotfollowthesamepathasyou.Youngpeopleoftenreportfeelinglonelyatschool,whilehomeisacomfortablespace.Butwhentherearedifficultiesathome—suchasargumentsortensionwithfamilymembersandthedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers—thesecanmakethefeelingoflonelinessworse.Ifyoufindyourselffeelinglonelyanditseemslikenothingishelping,donotgiveuphope.Itislikelythatyouhavenotyetfoundthestrategythatworksforyou.Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantry,startingwithwhatyoucandoonyourownandmovingontowaystoconnectwithothers.8．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"deceptive"inparagraph1?A．irrelevant B．disgraceful C．misleading D．unfortunate9．Whatdoeslonelinessofyoungpeopleusuallyreferto?A．Nothavingapreferencefordealingwithtoughthingsalone.B．Nothavingfriendsorfamilyforcompanywhenintrouble.C．Nothavinginterestinothers'schoollifewithinthesocialworld.D．Nothavingpositiveattitudetothepresentrelationshipswithothers.10．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasthereasonofyoungpeople'sloneliness?A．Discoveryofself-identity. B．Desireformorefriends.C．Difficultiesathome. D．Unfamiliarenvironments.11．Whatwillthetextprobablytalkaboutnext?A．Suggestionsonhowtobeatloneliness.B．Morereasonsthatcausethefeelingofloneliness.C．Strategiestodealwiththeargumentsortensioninfamily.D．Waystofacethedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers.阅读理解Aboutone-thirdofadultsgloballyhavehighbloodpressure,whichincreasestheriskofhavingaheartattackorstroke(中风).Physicalactivityisknowntolowerbloodpressure.However,manypeoplehavetroublekeepingtoexerciseplans.Yogatendstobemoresustainable(可持续的)thanotherformsofexercisebecauseitisgentle,canbedonewithothersandhelpstorelaxthemind.Severalexperimentshavefoundthatyogalowersbloodpressure.However,theseexperimentshavetypicallyinvolvedseveralsessionsaweek,whichmaynotbeachievableformanypeople.Tofindoutifyogahelpstoreducebloodpressureintherealworld,someresearchersconductedanewstudyandanalysedtheelectronichealthrecordsof1,355peopleaged18to79whopractisedyogaatleastonceaweek.Theycomparedeachofthesepeoplewithatleastthreeotherindividuals.Theyhadsimilarcharacteristicsintermsofthingslikeage,gender,andbodymassindex(BMI),buthadnomentionofpractisingyogaintheirrecords.Onaverage,thepeoplewhopractisedyogahadsystolicbloodpressure(收缩压)thatwas2.8mmHgloweranddiastolicbloodpressure(舒张压)thatwas1.5mmHglowerthanthosewhodidn't.Thisbloodpressurereductionprobablywouldn'tmakeahugedifferencetomostpeopleinthestudy,sincetheytendedtobeyoungandhealthy.Theyalreadyhadnormalbloodpressure.Butatapopulationlevel,ifaveragebloodpressuredeclinedbythismuch,itwouldpreventasignificantnumberofheartattacksandstrokes.Forexample,a2018studyfoundthatapopulation-wideaveragesystolicbloodpressurereductionof2mmHgamongmiddle-agedadultsintheUSwouldpreventmorethan12,000heartattacksand7,000strokeseachyear.Basedonthenewstudy,wecan'tsayforsurethatyogalowersbloodpressure,becausetheremaybeotherexplanationsforthefindings.Peoplewhodoyogamayhavelowerbloodpressurebecausetheytendtohavebetterdiets,notbecauseoftheyogaitself.Andyogashouldn'tbeseenasthereplacementforbloodpressureloweringmedicines.Nevertheless,yogaislikelytoassistinloweringbloodpressureifitencouragessedentary(久坐的)peopletoexercise."Thegreatestbenefitisgettingtheexercise-shytodosomethingratherthanincreasingexerciseinsomeonewhodoesitregularly,"anexpertsays.12．Whichadvantagedoesyogahaveoverotherkindsofexercise?A．Itiseasierforbeginnerstolearn.B．Itismoreeffectiveinkeepingfit.C．Peoplearemorelikelytosticktoit.D．Peoplecanfindpartnersmoreeasily.13．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthenewstudy?A．Thestudytooktherelevantfactorsinrealityintoconsideration.B．Alltheseparticipantswereofthesameageandgender.C．Thestudyanalyseddifferentkindsofexercise.D．Theresearchersstudiedtheparticipants'dailyroutine.14．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytheexampleinparagraph4?A．Theresultsarefarfromsatisfactory.B．Loweringbloodpressureisquiteeasy.C．Bloodpressurereductionisbeneficial.D．Doingyogaonceaweekismeaningful.15．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Otherreasonshavebeenfoundtoexplainthebloodpressurereductionforcertain.B．Encouraginginactivepeopletodoyogapossiblycontributestoloweringbloodpressure.C．Havingbetterdietsismoreimportantthanpractisingyogaregularlyforsedentarypeople.D．Thebenefitsofpractisingyogaareequaltotakingbloodpressureloweringmedicines.二、任务型阅读任务型阅读Theideathatredmeansstopandgreenmeansgoaffectsmorethanjusttrafficlightcolors.Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatredmeansdanger,whilegreenmeanssafety.16．Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn'ttheyhavebeenprettiercolors?You'reabouttofindout.Beforethereweretrafficlightsforcars,thereweretrafficsignalsfortrains.Atfirst,railroadcompaniesusedredtomeanstop,whitetomeangoandgreentomeancaution.Buttrainconductorsranintoaproblemwiththecolorwhitemeaninggo—brightwhitecouldeasilybemistakenforstarsatnight.17．Ithasbeenthatwayeversince.18．Thatmeansthatasittravelsthroughtheair,itgetsdiffused(分散)lessthanothercolors,soitcanbeseenfromagreaterdistance.Forexample,thinkabouthowthelightturnsredasthesunsets.Eventhoughthehumaneyeismostsensitivetoayellowish-greenhighlightercolor,itcanseeredfromfurtheraway.Butthiscouldhappenbychance.It'snotclearwhetherthatwaschosenbasedonwavelength,contrastagainstgreennatureornaturalconnectionofredwiththingslikeblood.19．Yellowhasashorterwavelengththanredbutalongerwavelengththangreen.Thismeansthatredisnoticeablethefurthestaway,yellowinthemiddleandgreentheleastdistanceaway—ahelpfuladvancedwarningforneedingtosloworstop.However,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstop.Backinthe1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.20．Sinceyellowcanbeseenwellatalltimesoftheday,schoolareas,sometrafficsignsandschoolbusescontinuetobepaintedthecolor.Keepthesesafedrivingtipsinthebackofyourmindwheneveryouseeayellowlight.A.Railwaycompanieseventuallymovedtothecolorgreenforgo.B.Itcouldbeamixofallthree!C.Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfortrafficlights?D.Employthesedrivingrulesandknowthattrafficlightshavecertainlycomealongway.E.Redisthecolorwiththelongestwavelength.F.Whenyou'reimpatientlywaitingatatrafficlight,don'tgetmad.G.Eventually,highlyreflectivematerialsweredeveloped,andredstopsignswereborn.三、完形填空（15空）完形填空ItneveroccurredtometothinkaboutmyfuturejobtillIenteredhighschool.Intheyearsbeforehighschool,I21．muchonfootballandmusic.Thatwas22．Ispentmostofmysparetime.AfterIenteredhighschool,my23．forcivilengineering(土木工程)inspiredmetomakegreaterefforts.Ifoundmywaytocivilengineering24．whenIreadanarticleabouttheLosAngelesearthquakein1994.ItsconsequencewassoawfulthatIwastotallyshocked.Duringtheearthquake,manybuildingsfelldown.Thedisasterledtoheavycasualties(伤亡).The25．sentmeintothinkingabouthowthebuildingprojectscouldbesafer,andhowIcouldgetthemthatway.Fromthenon,I26．tolearncivilengineering.27．differentkindsofbuildingsisaformofrecreationforme.Sittingonmybicycleforhourswatchingthehousesaroundmehasmademefeelthe28．toshapeourbuildingsintosolidones.Toachievemyambition,Imust29．thatIcangethighgradesinallmysubjects.Inschool,Iamtrulyfondofscienceandgoodatmath.30．,myhighschoolyearshadbeenchallenged.Mypoorwritingskillsusedto31．mealot.Fortunately,Ihadastrongwishtoachievemydream.Itwasthedesire,which32．metokeeppracticing,thathelpedmeovercomemyshortcomings.Overtheyears,IhavelearnedtostickwiththingsthatIfindright33．.Thischaracterwillstaywithmetillmyefforts34．.That,combinedwithmylongstandingcuriosityabout35．ourworld,iswhatwillmakemeagreatcivilengineersomedaysoon.21．A．relied B．concentrated C．lived D．depended22．A．how B．when C．why D．what23．A．talent B．need C．love D．pity24．A．fortunately B．directly C．frequently D．accidentally25．A．ruins B．wastes C．pollutants D．emissions26．A．promised B．managed C．expected D．determined27．A．Designing B．Completing C．Observing D．Understanding28．A．expense B．necessity C．trend D．solution29．A．ensure B．admit C．believe D．declare30．A．Therefore B．However C．Moreover D．Thus31．A．cheat B．frighten C．bother D．hurt32．A．forced B．reminded C．restricted D．urged33．A．easily B．personally C．firmly D．naturally34．A．giveoff B．getoff C．turnoff D．payoff35．A．shaping B．highlighting C．viewing D．saving四、短文填空短文填空Chinesesci-fifilmindustrywent36．ahardtimethreeyearsago.TheWanderingEarthhadfacedcapitalwithdrawal(撤资)duringfilming,andtheproductionprocesshadmanytwistsandturns.Intheend,itrankedthefifthplaceinChina'sboxofficehistorywith4.686billion,37．madeitawatershedmoment(分水岭)forChinesesci-fifilms,andChineseaudiences'38．(expect)forChinesesci-fifilmswereonceagainhigh.Sci-fifilmshootingisdifferentfrom39．ofotherfilmtypes,andteamsofhundredsorthousandsofpeoplecannotmovearoundmultipleareas40．(repeated)toshoot.InthecaseofMoonMan,95%ofitsfootage(镜头)involvedspecialeffects,andthecrewused15studiostotalingmorethan40,000squaremetersintheOrientalFilmCity,withtheentireteam41．(take)morethanhalfayeartobuild.Inordertocreatearealeffect,thecreweven42．(lay)200tonsofsandandgravelinastudio43．(imitate)themoondust,andbuilta"real"moonbase.Itisnotdifficulttofindthat44．roadofChinesesci-fifilmexplorationisextendingexcitinglyfartherandfarther.Theappearanceofanerawon'thappenovernight.Butwecanbelievethat,withthe45．(continue)effortsofChinesefilmmakers,thebuddingeraofChinesesci-fifilmsisworthlookingforwardtointhefuture.五、书面表达46．假定你是李华。上周末，你校组织去新华村参加了为期一天的环保活动。请给同样热衷环保的英国笔友Tom写一封信，介绍这次活动。内容包括：

1.活动内容和过程；

2.收获和感想。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearTom,……Yours,LiHua六、读后续写47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThephotographofMrs.MuellerthatItookwithmycameracapturesherseatedonthesofainourlivingroom,smilingshyly.Mrs.Muellerwasournext-doorneighbor.MysisterLaurelandIgottoknowherafterherhusbanddied.Shedidn'thavechildrenofherownandnorelativesthatweknewof.Shewasgentleandkind,andweconsideredherourspecialfriend.EarlyoneDecember,Mrs.Muellerwentintothehospital.LaurelandIwerebusymakingChristmaspresents,andwepondered(琢磨)whattomakeforMrs.Mueller.ItdawnedonusthatshewouldbecominghomeafewdaysbeforeChristmastoanemptyhousewithnoholidaydecorations.Welitupontheideaofdecoratingasmalltreethatwouldgreetherwithlightsandcheer.Wewerewonderinghowtocarryoutourplanwhentheanswerappeared.IwasinMissO'Keefe'ssixthgradeclassthatyear,andwehaddecoratedasmalltreewithpaper-linkchainsandornaments(装饰品).Itwasbeautiful.Bestofall,ithadtoberemovedfromtheclassroombeforeChristmasvacation.MissO'Keefesaidtherewouldbeadrawing(抽签)forthetree.Wewouldeachwriteournameonapieceofpaperandputitintheshoeboxshehaddecorated.Onthelastdayofschoolbeforevacation,shewoulddrawaname,andthatstudentcouldtakehomethetree.AfterIputmyfoldedpieceofpaperintothebox,Iclosedmyeyesandclaspedmyhands,prayingquietly.MissO'Keefenoticedmeandasked,"Holly,whywereyouprayingjustnow?"ItoldherMrs.Mueller'sstoryandourwishtomakeherhappy."Goodluck!"MissO'Keefesaidwithasmile.Afterschool,Iwasbesidemyselfwithexcitement!Mymotherpointedouttherewere30childrenwhomightwinthetree,butIwascertainIwouldgetitbecauseGodwoulddefinitelyhearmysincereprayer.Thedaybeforevacationfinallyarrived.LaurelandIusuallywalkedtoandfromschool,butIwassosureIwouldwinthetreethatIpersuadedMomtopickusupinthecarthatday.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Latethatafternoon,MissO'Keefeannounceditwastimeforthedrawing.……Thenextday,whenMrs.Mueller'scarturnedintoherdriveway,wehurriedovertowelcomeherback.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了日本的一项高科技发明MUAMAEnence，它可以翻译40多种语言。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，数字计算和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，计算，从而选出正确答案。1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“MeetMUAMAEnence—aJapanesehigh-techinventionthatallowsyoutocommunicateinmorethan40languages,withoutwastingyourtimeandmoneyforboringlanguageclasses.Whenyoucommunicatewithanotherpersonnomatterwhatlanguageheorshespeaks,thistinybutgeniusdeviceinstantlyrecordsandtranslatesover40languages.”看看MUAMAEnence——日本的一项高科技发明，它可以让你用40多种语言交流，而不用浪费时间和金钱去上无聊的语言课。当你与他人交流时，无论他或她说什么语言，这个小巧但天才的设备都会立即记录并翻译40多种语言。可知，MUAMAEnence是一种高科技设备，可以让你用40多种语言交流，它是可以促使与外国人交流变得更加容易的一种高科技设备。故选B。2．考查数字计算。根据WhyIsMUAMAEnenceSoPopular?部分中的“Foralimitedtimeonlythisdeviceisavailableforaheavilyreducedpriceof$89(previously$189).”在有限的时间内，这款设备的价格大幅降低至89美元（之前为189美元）。可知，现在买两套MUAMAEnence需要花的钱是$89*2=$178，故选A。3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Clickheretocheckavailabilitynow!”现在点击这里查看出售情况！可知，本文是一篇网络文章，故选B。【答案】4．C5．D6．B7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者接受医生的建议，养了一只猫，感受到了猫带来的积极影响，并了解到人们应该拥有冒险的勇气。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Icouldn'tevenlookaftermyself!Itookadeepbreathandcarefullyconsideredtheideaofwelcomingafeline(猫科的)friendintomylife.”我甚至不能照顾自己！我深吸了一口气，仔细考虑是否要让一只猫朋友进入我的生活。可推断，作者认为甚至都照顾不好自己，所以听到医生建议自己养猫时感到很震惊，故选C。5．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Whenshecamehome,itbecameincreasinglyobviousthatCinnamondidn'tunderstand‘no',‘stopit'or‘don'tdothat'.ShewastheworstcatI'veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmydoctor'sadvice.”当她回到家时，越来越明显的是，Cinnamon不懂“不”、“住手”或“不要那样做”。她是我养过的最糟糕的猫。我开始怀疑医生的建议了。可知，Cinnamon不懂指令，作者认为她是作者养过的最糟糕的猫，即养猫对作者来说是个挑战，因此作者开始怀疑医生的建议。故选D。6．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.”Cinnamon让我见识了什么是勇敢。如果公园里有只狗，她就会跑过去。她在不知道会落在哪里的情况下也会跳下去。她喜欢冒险。可推断，Cinnamon很顽皮并且喜欢冒险。故选B。7．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.”如果生活中没有勇气和冒险精神，那将是一种遗憾；结合全文内容可推断，本文主要告诉读者冒险的勇气是有益的。故选D。【答案】8．C9．D10．D11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是青年时期的孤独及导致它的原因。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。8．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Researchershaveactuallyfoundthatthosewhoreportexperiencinglonelinessthemostareyoungpeople,andsuchimagesofsolitude(孤独)don'tmatchtheexperienceoflonelinessduringyouth.Thoseyearsaretypicallyspentsurroundedbyotherpeople,atschooloratwork.”研究人员实际上发现，那些报告孤独感最多的人是年轻人，而这种孤独的形象与青年时期的孤独感并不相符。那些年通常是在学校或工作中被其他人包围的；以及“Youmightseelonelinessassomeone(usuallyanoldperson)sitsalone,staringintothedistanceoroutofawindow.”当一个人（通常是老人）独自坐着，凝视远方或窗外时，你可能会看到孤独。可推知画面是假的，是有欺骗性的，可推知deceptive的意思是“有欺骗性的，具有误导性的”，和misleading意思相近，故选C。9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Lonelinessduringyouthcanbedefinedasanegativefeelingaboutadifferencebetweentherelationshipswehaveandthosewewant.Thismeanswemightfeellonelyinthecompanyofothersifwedon'tfeeltheyunderstandusorsharecommoninterestswithus.”青年时期的孤独可以被定义为一种对我们现有的关系和我们想要的关系之间的差异的消极感觉。这意味着如果我们觉得别人不理解我们或与我们有共同的兴趣，我们可能会感到孤独。可知，年轻人的孤独通常指的是对目前与他人的关系没有积极的态度。故选D。10．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplehavehigherexpectationsoftheirfriendshipsthanadultsdo;theyshowapreferenceforlargerfriendgroups,morecompanionshipandhigherfrequencyofcontactwithfriends.Whenweconsiderthatlonelinessservesthefunctionofkeepingussafewithinoursocialworld,itmakessensethatthefeelinglikewedonot‘fitin',assomanyyoungpeoplefeel,givesrisetoloneliness.”研究表明，年轻人对友谊的期望高于成年人；他们倾向于更大的朋友群体，更多的陪伴和更高频率的与朋友联系。虽然我们认为孤独在我们的社会世界中起着保证我们安全的作用，但不“融入”的感觉导致孤独是有道理，正如许多年轻人所感受到的那样；“Anotherreasonisourdevelopingsenseofself-discoveringwhoweare.”另一个原因是我们不断发展的自我发现意识；以及“Butwhentherearedifficultiesathome—suchasargumentsortensionwithfamilymembersandthedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers—thesecanmakethefeelingoflonelinessworse.”但是，当家里出现困难时——比如与家庭成员的争吵或紧张关系，以及支持你的家庭成员的离开——这些都会使孤独感恶化。可知，年轻人孤独的原因包括自我认同的发现，渴望更多的朋友和家里的困难。“不熟悉的环境”文章没有提到，故选D。11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantry,startingwithwhatyoucandoonyourownandmovingontowaystoconnectwithothers.”这里有一些你可以尝试的实际步骤，从你自己能做的开始，然后再到与他人联系的方法。可推知，接下来可能会讲战胜孤独的建议，故选A。【答案】12．C13．A14．C15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究表明练习瑜伽可能有助于降低血压，从而有可能减少心脏病和中风的危险。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文关系，进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Yogatendstobemoresustainable(可持续的)thanotherformsofexercisebecauseitisgentle,canbedonewithothersandhelpstorelaxthemind.Severalexperimentshavefoundthatyogalowersbloodpressure.”瑜伽往往比其他形式的运动更可持续，因为它是温和的，可以和别人一起做，有助于放松思想。一些实验发现，瑜伽可以降低血压。可知，瑜伽比其它形式的锻炼更容易坚持因为它是温和的，可以和别人一起做，有助于放松思想。故选C。13．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Tofindoutifyogahelpstoreducebloodpressureintherealworld,someresearchersconductedanewstudyandanalysedtheelectronichealthrecordsof1,355peopleaged18to79whopractisedyogaatleastonceaweek.Theycomparedeachofthesepeoplewithatleastthreeotherindividuals.Theyhadsimilarcharacteristicsintermsofthingslikeage,gender,andbodymassindex(BMI),buthadnomentionofpractisingyogaintheirrecords.Onaverage,thepeoplewhopractisedyogahadsystolicbloodpressure(收缩压)thatwas2.8mmHgloweranddiastolicbloodpressure(舒张压)thatwas1.5mmHglowerthanthosewhodidn't.”为了找出瑜伽在现实世界中是否有助于降低血压，一些研究人员进行了一项新的研究，分析了1355名年龄在18岁至79岁之间、每周至少练习一次瑜伽的人的电子健康记录。他们将这些人中的每一个人与至少另外三个人进行了比较。他们在年龄、性别和身体质量指数(BMI)等方面具有相似的特征，但在他们的记录中没有提到练习瑜伽。平均而言，练习瑜伽的人的收缩压比不练习瑜伽的人低2.8毫米汞柱，舒张压比不练习瑜伽的人低1.5毫米汞柱。可知，这项研究分析了不同年龄，性别和身体指数的人。可推知，研究考虑了现实中的相关因素。故选A。14．考查推理判断。倒数第二段中的“Thisbloodpressurereductionprobablywouldn'tmakeahugedifferencetomostpeopleinthestudy,sincetheytendedtobeyoungandhealthy.Theyalreadyhadnormalbloodpressure.Butatapopulationlevel,ifaveragebloodpressuredeclinedbythismuch,itwouldpreventasignificantnumberofheartattacksandstrokes.”这种血压降低对研究中的大多数人来说可能不会有太大的影响，因为他们往往是年轻健康的。他们的血压已经正常了。但在人口水平上，如果平均血压下降这么多，就能预防大量心脏病发作和中风。讲述了血压下降相对于个体可能没有太大影响，但是在人口水平上，却能够预防大量心脏病和中风，以及“Forexample,a2018studyfoundthatapopulation-wideaveragesystolicbloodpressurereductionof2mmHgamongmiddle-agedadultsintheUSwouldpreventmorethan12,000heartattacksand7,000strokeseachyear.”例如，2018年的一项研究发现，在美国中年人中，平均收缩压降低2毫米汞柱，每年可以预防12,000多次心脏病发作和7,000多次中风。可推知，这个例子是用来说明血压降低的益处的。故选C。15．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Nevertheless,yogaislikelytoassistinloweringbloodpressureifitencouragessedentary(久坐的)peopletoexercise.”然而，如果瑜伽鼓励久坐不动的人运动，它可能有助于降低血压。可知，鼓励不爱运动的人做瑜伽可能有助于降低血压。故选B。【答案】16．C；17．A；18．E；19．B；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为什么要用红色表示停止，绿色表示通行。【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatredmeansdanger,whilegreenmeanssafety."我们从小就被教导红色代表危险，绿色代表安全；以及空后"Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn'ttheyhavebeenprettiercolors?You'reabouttofindout."对于我们每天都要看的东西来说，为什么它们不能有更漂亮的颜色呢？你马上就知道了。此处应该提出疑问，为什么非要用这红色代表危险，绿色代表安全，C.Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfortrafficlight