Unit1ScienceFictionDiscoverUsefulStructures被动语态课件-高中英语人教版选择性

ReviewusefulstructureUnit1LearningAboutLanguageCompareFindoutthesubjectandobjectineachsentence.Whatvoiceisused?Somebodycleansthisroomeveryday.Thisroomiscleanedeveryday.主动语态被动语态Thestreetiscleanedbythedustmeneverymorning.Thedustmencleansthestreeteverymorning.Scanthereadingtextandunderlinealltheverbsinthepassivevoice.Thendiscusswithapartnerwhythepassivevoiceisused.①Itwasgoingtobetestedout

byLarry'swife,Claire.②Nowshewasbeinglookedafter

byarobotthatlookedsohuman,anditwasdisturbing.③Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathy

byarobot,butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.④Ashewasnotallowedtoaccompanyher

totheshops,hewroteoutalistofthingsthathewouldneedforhisworkonthehouse.⑤Tonyexpectedthatthehouse,whichwasbeingcompletelytransformed,wouldbeready.⑥Thesaleswomantherewasrudetoher,sosherangTonyandtoldhimshewasbeingtreatedbadly.一、被动语态的概念英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示句子主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示句子主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的句子谓语动词的形式是“be＋动词的过去分词”。一般来讲，只有及物动词才有被动语态。有时被动语态中动作的执行者用by短语表示出来。使用被动语态的情况：Sugarcaneisgrowninthesouth.ThesongTheEastisRed

waswritten

byapoorpeasant.1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。2.强调动作的承受者。Margaretwasgivensomebadadviceaboutselectingcourses.3.公告、通知、新闻报道、报纸标题、科技文章中。4.出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。Rubbishisstrictlyprohibitedhere.此处严禁倒垃圾。(公告)时态被动语态的构成例句一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词Theschoolwallsarepaintedeveryyear.一般过去时was

/were+过去分词Iwasinvitedtothetalkshowyesterday.一般将来时will/shall+be+过去分词Thematterwillbelookedintointhefuture.现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词Theshiphasbeenrepaired.现在进行时am/is/are+being+过去分词Twomenarebeingquestionedbythepolice.过去进行时was

/were+being+过去分词TheroadswerebeingbuiltwhenIpassedby.1.常见时态的被动语态时态被动语态的构成例句过去完成时had+been+过去分词Thefirehadbeenputoutwhenthefirefightersarrived.将来完成时willhavebeen+过去分词Thedrawingwillhavebeencompletedbytheendofthisweek.情态动词1.常见时态的被动语态情态动词+be+过去分词Thebabymustbelookedafterwell.1.主动形式表示被动意义(1)连系动词(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，remain，seem，appear，prove等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。Theideasoundsgreat.这个主意听起来棒极了。Thepopcorntheymadelookedwonderfulandtasteddelicious.他们做的爆米花看起来棒极了，吃起来也很美味。(2)当wash，write，sell，open，close，shut，lock，cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily，well等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。Thiskindofclothwasheseasilyandlastslong.这种布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。Thepenmyfathergavemeasabirthdaygiftwritessmoothly.父亲给我作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很流畅。(3)need，want，require，deserve等＋doing用主动形式表示被动意义。Hishairneedscutting.→Hishairneedstobecut.他的头发需要剪了。(4)beworthdoing→beworthytobedone主动形式表示被动意义。Thenovelisworthreadingagain.→Thenovelisworthytobereadagain.这部小说值得再读一次。2.“get+done”表被动语态getmarried

结婚getengaged

订婚getlost

迷路getdrunk

喝醉了getdressed

穿好衣服getcaught/stuck

被困gethurt/wounded

受伤3.有些词或词组，如lack，takeplace,consistof,belongto,breakout，datefrom/backto无被动形式。

Helacksconfidence.Thefinalexaminationwilltakeplacenextmonth.Abigfirebrokeoutlastweek.ThisbuildingcandatefromtheSongDynasty.Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…4.在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。1．Weplantmanytreeseveryyear.→Manytreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.2．WeplantedmanytreesinthenorthwestofChinalastyear.→ManytreeswereplantedbyusinthenorthwestofChinalastyear.3．Wewillplantmoretreestheretoimprovetheenvironment.→Moretreeswillbeplantedbyustheretoimprovetheenvironment.

4．Cellphonegamesaredamagingpeople’seyesight.→People’seyesightisbeingdamagedbycellphonegames.

将以下句子改写成被动语态。2.Completethesentenceswithappropriateformsoftheverbsinbrackets.(P5)1.Whatisdonecannot____________.(undo)2.Janet______________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)3.Twohundredgrammesofflourshould___________tothecakemix.(add)4.A3,000-seatvenue______________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)beundonewaselectedbeaddedwasbuiltwillbebuilt5.Workingefficiency______________________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)6.Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage____________foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)7.Itisagreathonourformeto____________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)8.WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman’ssalary________________________atthemeeting.(discuss)hasbeenimprovedisallo