2024年决赛英语真题全国大学生英语竞赛A类初赛真题

大學生英語竞赛(NECCS)A类硕士决赛英語真題(總分120,考试時间90分钟)PartⅡVocabularyandStructure

Thereare15incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicemarkedA,B,CandD.

Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.

Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.1.

Asadevelopingcountry,wemustkeep______withtherapiddevelopmentoftheworldeconomy.A

moveB

stepC

speedD

pace2.

Thescientistshaveabsolutefreedomastowhatresearchtheythinkitbestto______.A

pursueB

devoteC

adjustD

engage3.

Insteadofbeingsenttoprison,theshoplifterwas______withafine.A

setoutB

setbackC

letoffD

letalone4.

Weshouldalwaysbearinmindthat______decisionsoftenresultinseriousconsequences.A

urgentB

instantC

promptD

hasty5.

Ifcertainindustriesdidn'treceivea______fromthestate,they'dstandlittlechanceofsurviving.A

donationB

subsidyC

mortgageD

credit6.

Thethreementriedmanytimestosneakacrosstheborderintotheneighbouringcountry,______bythepoliceeachtime.A

hadbeencapturedB

beingalwayscapturedC

onlytobecapturedD

unfortunatelycaptured7.

Idecidedtogetanadvanceddegreewith______applyingforabetterjob.A

theintentiontoB

thepurposetoC

aviewtoD

anaimto8.

Muchas______,Icouldn'tlendhimthemoneybecauseIsimplydidn'thavethatmuchsparecash.A

IwouldhavelikedtoB

IwouldliketohaveC

IshouldhavetolikeD

Ishouldhavelikedto9.

Ifyouwanttomakeagoodimpression,it'simportantto______yourcolleagues.A

goinforB

lookforwardtoC

keepinwithD

comeupwith10.

He______unwisely,buthewasatleasttryingtodosomethinghelpful.A

mayhaveactedB

musthaveactedC

shouldnotactD

wouldnotact11.

______,healwaystrieshisbesttocompleteitontime.A

HoweverthetaskishardB

HoweverhardthetaskisC

ThoughhardthetaskisD

Thoughhardisthetask12.

Thechairmanofthecompanysaidthatnewtechniqueshad______improvedtheirproductionefficiency.A

violentlyB

severelyC

extremelyD

radically13.

Sam:Hello?

Tom:Sam!Helpme!

Sam:What'sthematter,Tom?

Tom:I'mhangingfromthisrockbyonehand.Ican'tholdonmuchlonger.Calltherescueservicequickly!

Sam:Veryfunny,Tom.Whyareyoualways______?

Tom:Sam!I'mnothavingyouon.It'strue!Honestly!

Sam:Pulltheotherone,Tom!A

puttingyourfootinitB

puttingyourfeetupC

pullingmylegD

pullingtherope14.

Julie:Doyouknoweverybodyhere?

Paul:No.Hardlyanybody.

Julie:HowdoyouknowSam?

Paul:He'safriendofMark's.Howdoyouknowhim?

Julie:SamandIgotothesamegym.

Paul:He'saniceguy.______

Julie:Aboutayearorso.

Paul:Whoelsedoyouknowhere?

Julie:Well,there'sSam'sgirlfriend,Clare...A

Howlonghaveyouknownhim?B

Whatdoyouknowabouthim?C

Howwelldoyouknowhim?D

Whydoyouwanttoknowhim?15.

Mary:Arethereanymorepoints?Havewecoveredeverything?

Peter:______

Andy:NeitherhaveI.

John:Justonething.I'dliketoremindeveryonethatthenextmeetingwillbeonMondayafternoon.

Mary:Thanks.I'dforgottenthat.So,ifeveryoneagrees,I'dliketoleaveitthere.A

Ihaveonethingtoadd.B

CanImakeanannouncement?C

That'sagoodpoint.D

IhavenothingtoadPartⅢCloze

Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithoneword.Choosethecorrectwordinoneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusingthecorrectformofthegivenword,orbyusingthegivenlettersoftheword.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Forallthetalkofhissustainedadolescence,noperformermadeamorecompellingentranceintomanhoodthanMichaelJacksondidwiththereleaseofhis1979album,"OfftheWall"justacoupleofweeksbeforehis21st

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(day).Itwasallthemorestunningbecausewehadwatchedhimduringhischild

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andadolescence.Hewasn'tanapparitionrisingoutofobscurity,likeElvisPresley.Tobecomewhohewasin

"OfftheWall,"hehadtoannul-ifnotdestroy—theperformerhehadbeenintheJackson5.

However,thechangewas

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rgan)aswellasdeliberate.MichaelJacksongrewintohisbody,andoutofthatnewbodyemergedwhollynewideasofwhatpopmusic,andthemove

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itgenerates,were.Itcanbehardtoremembernow,30yearslater,justhowubiquitousthehitsfromthatalbum,especially"RockwithYou,"reallywere.Insoul,inrockn'roll,andinpop,thereisalongtraditionofmensinginginhighvoices,theheightofthevoicesuggestingthepitchofthesinger'sfervour.MichaelJacksonmadethesweetnessofthathighvoicegutturaland

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(demand).Heshowedthatitwasrootedinhisfeetandhipsandhands.Here-sexualizeditinawaythatyoucouldneverreallymistake—then—asandrogynous.

Veryfewartists—certainlyveryfewchildstars—haveeverredefinedthemselvesasthoroughlyoras

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(success)asMichaelJacksondid.Hissecondactwasbetterthananynumberoffirstactsputtogether.Theuncannythingwasn'tjusthisphysicaltransformation,orhishypnoticnewabilitytomove.Itwasthecertaintyof"OfftheWall"anditssequel"Thriller"thatthiswasthemusicwewantedtohear.Heknew,too,thatthiswasamusicwewantedto

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(visual),toseeformalisedandsetlooseindance.Inasense,hewasloosinghistransformationupontherestofus,expectingustobecaughtupintheexcite

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themusiccausedinhim,andwewere.

MichaelJacksoncametobesynonymouswithtransformation—ultimately,withaneeriestasisthatcomesfromseekingtransformationallthetime.

Thealchemyofchangeworkedlongerand

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(well)forhim—throughthe80sandintotheearly90s—thanithasforalmostanyotherartist.Yetsomehowallthechangesalwaystakeus

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tothealbuminwhichMichaelJacksongrewup.16.

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PartⅣReadingComprehension

Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Respondtothequestionsaccordingtothepassage.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.SectionASpaceenthusiastshopingtobecomeChina'snextastronautsmustpass"superhuman"healthchecks..,andthatmeansnobadbreath.

New"taikonauts"mustalsohavebrushedtheirteeththoroughlyovertheyearsasanyonewithdentalcavitiesisdisqualified.

Andevenifanindividualisfightingfit,hewon'tbeselectediftherehasbeenanyseriousillnessinthelastthreegenerationsofhisfamily.

Theseareamongstthe100healthre-quirementsforwould-beastronautsvyingtobepartofChina'snextspaceteam,accordingtotheYangtseEveningPaper.

Theselectionprocess,whichthepapersaidisforthesecondbatchofChineseastronauts,willdisqualifythosewhohavescars,runnynoses,ringworm,drugallergiesorbadbreath.

"Thebadsmellwouldaffecttheirfellowcolleaguesintheconfinedspace,"saidShiBingbing,anofficialatoneofthesixastronauthealthscreeninghospitalsinNanjing.

Asidefromthephysicalrequirementsofthejob,thecandidatemustalsopossessapleasantandadaptabledisposition,thepapersaid.

"Theseastronautscouldberegardedassuperhumanbeings,"Shisaid.

ChinabecamethethirdcountrywithasuccessfulmannedspaceprogrammeaftertheysentanastronautintospaceaboardShenzhou5onOctober15,,formorethan21hours.

China'sfirstmannedspace-walkoccurredinSeptemberlastyear.ZhaiZhigang,thesonofasnack-seller,unveiledasmallChineseflaginspace,helpedbyhiscolleagueLiuBoming,whoalsobrieflypoppedhisheadoutofthecapsule.

ThespacewalkwasasteptowardsChina'slonger-termgoalofassemblingaspacelabandthenalargerspacestation.

Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassageinamaximumof10wordsforeachsentence.26.

Apersonwhoisfightingfitcannotbecomeataikonautifanyoneinhisfamilyforthelastthreegenerations______.27.

Badbreathdisqualifiesspacetravelcandidatesbecauseitwill______.28.

ThelengthoftimeShenzhou5travelledthroughspacewas______.29.

China'slong-termgoalinspaceisto______.SectionBST.LOUIS—It'snosecretthatraisingchildrencanheexpensive,buthowaboutaquarterofamilliondollarsexpensive.'?

AgovernmentreportreleasedTuesdaysaidamiddle-incomefamilywithachildbornlastyearwillspendabout$221,000raisingthatchilduntiltheageof17.

ThereportbytheUSDepartmentofAgriculture'sCenterforNutritionPolicyandPromotionidentifiedhousingasthelargestsingleexpense,followedbyfoodandchildcare/educationcosts.The$221,000inexpensesrisestoabout$292,000whenadjustedforinflation.

USDAeconomistMarkLino,whoco-authoredthereportwithAndreaCarlson,oftenhearspeoplesaychildrencostalotwhentheannualfindingsareissued.

"Itellthemchildrenalsohavemanybenefits,soyouhavetokeepthatinmind,"hesaid.

Familieswithmoreincomespendmoreonchild-relatedcosts,thereportsaid.Afamilythatearnslessthan$57,000annuallywillspendabout$160,000onachildfrombirthuntiltheendofhighschool.Thosewithanincomebetween$57,000and$99,000spendabout$221,000,andthosewithhigherincomesspendroughly$367,000.

CostsofraisingachildarehighestintheurbanNortheastandlowestintheurbanSouthandruralareas.

TheUSDAreporthelpscourtsandstatesdeterminechild-supportguidelinesandfoster-carepayments.Itdoesnotaddresscostsspecificallyrelatedtochildbearingandpayingforcollege.Oneofthelargestchangesovertimehasbeentheincreaseincostsrelatedtocareforyoungchildren.

Thereportfirstwasissuedin1960,whensuchcostswerelargelynegligible,butwithmoreworkingfamiliesturningtooutsidehelpwithchildcare,ithasgrowntobeasignificantexpenseformanyfamilies.Thereportdoesnotgivetotalcostsrelatedtoearlychildcare.

RabenAndrews,amotherofthreeinStLouis,saidthegovernmentfiguressoundedrighttoher."Well,that'snothalfofit,"the42-year-oldschoolteacherjoked."Istillhavetoputthelittledevilsthroughcollege."

Answerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationgiveninthepassageinamaximumof10wordsforeachquestion.

1.Whatistheaverageyearlyexpenseforachildinamiddle-incomeAmericanfamily?30.

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SectionCAboutfortypercentofallemailtrafficintheUnitedStatesisspam,andthisfigureisclimbingrapidly.Spamisusuallydefinedasunsolicited,masscommercialemail.Itisoftenassociatedwithadvertisementsforpornographicwebsites,drugs,orsurgerythatcanenhanceyoursexlife.Withinanotheryearorso,industryexpertspredict,halfofallemailmessageswillbeunsolicited.

Thefloodofemailmarketingcausesheadachesforemailusers.Additionally,itcostscorporationsbillionsofdollarsandreducesemployeeproductivity.Accordingtoarecentstudy,theaverageemployeespendsalmostsevenminutesperdayhandlinganaverageof13spammessages.Thistranslatestomajorcorporatelosses.Theannualcostofspamhasreached$9billionforUScorporationsalone.

Perhapsworstofall,sparebafflesanti-spammers,whohaven'tvetcomeupwithasolutiontothisgrowingproblem,

infact,theonlyprovenwaytostopspamisnottohaveanemailaddress.

Internetserviceprovidersarethefrontlinedefendersagainstspam.ISPslikeAmericaOnline,Microsoft,andEarthlinkemployanti-sparetechnicians.Theseemployeesrunspamfilters.Theyphysicallywatchthesendingofemail,keepinganeyeoutforsuddenmassmailings.Whenamailinglookssuspicious,theanti-spammerschecktheownerofthesendingaddress.However,addressesaredifficulttotrackandeasyforspammerstohide.

Spammersarecreative,mostrecentlyusingatrickcalledthe"dictionaryattack".Withspecialsoftware,spammerscangeneratemillionsofrandomentailaddressesusingcombinationsofletterssuchas"Joe236,"placedinfrontofthe"@aol.corn"partoftheaddress.Enoughoftheseaddressesarecorrectthattheemailreachesmillionsofemailusers.

IntheUnitedStates,thesituationhaspromptedcallsfornationallegislation.State-levelantispamlawshavehadlimitedeffectivenesswithfewconvictions.MajorISPsareaggressivelypushingfornationallawsagainst'spamming.

Ontheothersideoftheissue,thedirect-marketingindustryandsomeInternetretailershavesuccessfullyfoughtfederallaw,whichgoagainstfree-speechprovisionsoftheConstitution.

TheEuropeanUnionhasadoptedapracticalbanonspamcalledan"opt-in"system,inwhichcompanieshavetowaitforconsumerstorequestcommercialemailbeforeitcanbesenttothem.

Untiltechnologyoranti-spamlawsbecomemoreeffective,peoplearetakingsmallstepstofightspamontheirown.Forexample,onecomputerconsultanthascreatedemailaccountsforthespecificpurposeofattractingspam.Afterhereceivesspam,hesearchesforthesender.Hisgoalistocollectandpublicize"blacklists"ofspammers'Internetaddresses.Thesearethenincorporatedintospamfiltersthatblockanyemailcomingfromthoseaddresses.

Emailuserscantakeafeweasystepstofightspam.

·Don'tclickthe"unsubscribe"link.Onewouldthinkthat"unsubscribe"wouldtakeyouoffalist.However,spammershavetakenovertheunsubscribeoption,makingitaconfirmationofanactiveaccount.Itisbetterjusttodeletetheemail.

·Keepmanyemailaccounts.Byusingseparateaccountsforelectronicbusinessandpersonaluse,youcankeepyourpersonaladdresscleaner.

·Choosealongemailname.Useamixoflettersandnumbers.Thisdecreasesthechancethatacomputer-generatedemailaddresswillmatchyours.

·AvoidWeb-baseddiscussiongroups.SpammersfrequentlytakeaddressesfromtheInternet.Onlinegroups"areeasytofind.

·Avoidcontestsandsurveys.Again,spammersoftengatheraddressesfromtheWeb.

·Lookintonewfilteringsoftware.ISPsandotherfirmsoffermanycreativesolutionstospam.

EmailcommunicationhasbecomethefundamentalmeansofcommunicationintheInformationAge.However,itmaysoonbeconsidereduseless,asconsumersarechokingonspam.

Ifeverycompanyfreelysentunsolicitedcommercialadvertisements,junkemailwouldcompletelyoverrunus.Already,usersareavoidingtheInternetbecausetheydon'tlikethehuge"amountsofjunktheyareforcedtosee.

YES

ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage

NO

ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage35.

Spareisdefinedasanycommercialemail.36.

Spammersusesoftwaretoguessatemailaddresses.37.

Theonlywaytoslowspamistobuyasparefilter.38.

Choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassage.

68.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaproblemcausedbyspare?A

Emailusersarefrustrated.B

Companieslosemoney.C

Internetchatroomsattractmanyusers.D

Employeesloseworktim39.

WhatpositiondomajorISPstaketowardsspam?A

Theyencourageit.B

Theyareagainstit.C

Theythinkanti-sparelegislationviolatesindividualrights.D

Theyfindtheyjustcan'tdoanythingaboutit.40.

CompletetheSUMMARYbyusingonewordfromthepassageforeachblank.

Spammessagesareincreasingrapidlyandaresoonexpectedtomakeupabouthalfofallemailmessages.Using

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methods,spammerscansendmillionsofemailswiththeclickofabutton.Anti-spammersstruggletokeepupwiththeirtactics,usingtrainedtechniciansandsoftwarefilterstominimisespam.Internetservice

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areleadingthefightagainstspam,whichcoststhemandtheircustomersbillionsofdollarseachyear.Anti-spamtechnicianswatchtheflowofemailontheInternet,keepinganeyeoutformassmailings.However,spammersarehardtotrack,sincetheycaneasily

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intheweboftechnology.Somesmallcompaniesaretryingtofightspambycollectingtheemailaddressesofspamsendersandpublicisingthem.Individualscanslowspamtoo,by

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chatgroups,choosingalongeremailaddress,andkeepingmultipleaccounts.Still,inthelongrun,itmaytakenew

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orstricterlawstostopspam.Inthemeantime,userswillcontinue

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underhugequantitiesofspam.41.

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PartⅤTranslationSectionA

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesofthefollowingpassageintoChinese.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Itisnocoincidencethatthedevelopmentoftherelationshipbetweenourcountrieshasaccompaniedaperiodofpositivechange.(76)

Chinahasliftedhundredsofmillionsofpeopleoutofpoverty-anaccomplishmentunparalleledinhumanhistory—whileplayingalargerroleinglobalevents.TheUnitedStateshasseenoureconomyimprovealongwiththestandardoflivingenjoyedbyourpeople,whiletheColdWarwasbroughttoasuccessfulconclusion.

(77)ThereisaChineseproverb,"Considerthepast,andyoushallknowthefuture."Surely,wehaveknownsetbacksandchallengesoverthelast30years.Ourrelationshiphasnotbeenwithoutdisagreementanddifficulty.Butthenotionthatwemustbeadversariesisnotpredestined—notwhenweconsiderthepast.Indeed,becauseofourcooperation,boththeUnitedStatesandChinaaremoreprosperousandmoresecure.Wehaveseenwhatispossiblewhenwebuilduponourmutualinterests,andengageonthebasisofmutualrespect.

However,thesuccessofthatengagementdependsuponunderstanding,onsustaininganopendialogue,andlearningaboutoneanotherandfromoneanother.(78)JustastheAmericantabletennisplayer,ForrestGump,pointedout—wesharemuchincommonashumanbeings,butourcountriesaredifferentincertainways.

Ibelievethateachcountrymustchartitsowncourse.(79)Chinaisanancientnation,withadeeplyrootedculture.TheUnitedStatesbycomparison,isayoungnation,whosecultureisdeterminedbythemanydifferentimmigrantswhohavecometoourshores,andbythefoundingdocumentsthatguideourdemocracy.

Inadditiontoyourgrowingeconomy,weadmireChina'sextraordinarycommitmenttoscienceandresearch—acommitmentborneoutineverthingfromtheinfrastructureyoubuildtothetechnologyyouuse.Chinaisnowtheworld'slargestInternetuser—whichiswhyweweresopleasedtoincludetheInternetasapartoftoday'sevent.Thiscountry,nowhastheworld'slargestmobilephonenetwork,anditisinvestinginthenewformsofenergythatcanbothsustaingrowthandcombatclimatechange.I'mlookingforwardtodeepeningthepartnershipbetweentheUnitedStatesandChinainthiscriticalareatomorrow.(80)

However,aboveall,IseeChina'sfutureinyou—youngpeoplewhosetalent,dedicationanddreamswilldosomuchtohelpshapethe21stcentury.46.

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SectionB

Translatethe.followingsentencesintoEnglish.Remembertowriteyouranswersontheanswersheet.我深深愛著的祖国——古老而又年轻。

說她古老，她是一种有著数仟年文明史的東方大国。(81)中华民族以自已的勤快和智慧，发明了灿烂的古代文明，對人类了展做出重大奉献。

說她年轻，新中国成立才60年，改革開放才30年。中国人民通過長期不懈的斗争建立了新中国，又通過艰苦的探索，终于找到了适合国情的发展道路——中国特色社會主义道路，文明古国焕发了青春活力。

(82)中国改革開放，最重要的是解放思想，最主线、最長遠意义的是体制创新。我們推進經济体制改革，建立了社會主义市場經济体制。在政府的宏观调控下，充足发挥市場對资源配置的基础性作用。我們深化政治体制改革，把发展民主和完善法制結合起来，实行人民當家作主，依法治国，建设社會主义法治国家。

(83)改革開放的实质，就是坚持以人為本，通過解放和发展生产力满足人們曰益增長的物质文化需求，在公正的条件下增進人的全面发展；就是保障人民的民主权利，让国家政通人和、兴旺发达；就是维护人的尊严和自由，让每個人的智慧和力量得以進发，成功地追求自已的幸福生活。

(84)30年来，中国贫困人口減少了2亿多，人均寿命提高了5岁，8300萬残疾人得到了政府和社會的特殊关愛，這