2024年大学英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇

大學英語四级考试阅讀理解练习20篇大學英語四级考试阅讀理解练习20篇WhenonelooksbackuponthefifteenhundredyearsthatarethelifespanoftheEnglishlanguage,heshouldbeabletonoticeanumberofsignificanttruths.Thehistoryofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange—attimesaslow,almostimperceptiblechange,atothertimesaviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.Ourlanguagehasalwaysbeenalivinggrowingorganism,ithasneverbeenstatic.Anothersignificanttruththatemergesfromsuchastudyisthatlanguageatalltimeshasbeenthepossessionnotofoneclassorgroupbutofmany.『Atoneextremeithasbeenthepropertyofthecommon,ignorantfolk,whohaveuseditinthedailybusinessoftheirliving,muchastheyhaveusedtheiranimalsorthekitchenpotsandpans.』①Attheotherextremeithasbeenthetreasureofthosewhohaverespecteditasaninstrumentandasignofcivilization,andwhohavestruggledbywritingitdowntogiveitsomepermanence,order,dignity,andifpossible,alittlebeauty.Asweconsiderourchanginglanguage,weshouldnoteheretwodevelopmentsthatareofspecialandimmediateimportancetous.OneisthatsincethetimeoftheAnglo-Saxonstherehasbeenanalmostcompletereversalofthedifferentdevicesforshowingtherelationshipofwordsinasentence.Anglo-Saxon(oldEnglish)wasalanguageofmanyinflections.ModernEnglishhasfewinflections.Wemustnowdependlargelyonwordorderandfunctionwordstoconveythemeaningsthattheolderlanguagedidbymeansofchangesintheformsofwords.Functionwords,youshouldunderstand,arewordssuchasprepositions,conjunctions,andafewothersthatareusedprimarilytoshowrelationshipsamongotherwords.Afewinflections,however,havesurvived.Andwhensomewordinflectionscomeintoconflictwithwordorder,theremaybetroublefortheusersofthelanguage,asweshallseelaterwhenweturnourattentiontosuchmatersasWHOorWHOMandMEorI.Thesecondfactwemustconsideristhataslanguageitselfchanges,ourattitudestowardlanguageformschangealso.『Theeighteenthcentury,forexample,producedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.』②1.Incontrasttotheearlierlinguists,modernlinguiststendto.A.attempttocontinuethestandardizationofthelanguageB.evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofcurrentspeechratherthanstandardsorproperpatternsC.bemoreconcernedabouttheimprovementofthelanguagethanitsanalysisorhistoryD.bemoreawareoftherulesofthelanguageusage2.Choosetheappropriatemeaningfortheword“inflection”usedinline4ofparagraph2.A.Changesintheformsofwords.B.Changesinsentencestructures.C.Changesinspellingrules.D.Wordsthathavesimilarmeanings.3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentionedinthepassage?A.Itisgenerallybelievedthattheyear1500canbesetasthebeginningofthemodernEnglishlanguage.B.SomeotherlanguageshadgreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguageatsomestagesofitsdevelopment.C.TheEnglishlanguagehasbeenandstillinastateofrelativelyconstantchange.D.ManyclassesorgroupshavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.4.Theauthoroftheseparagraphsisprobablya(an).A.historianB.philosopherC.anthropologistD.linguist5.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestusedasthetitleofthepassage?A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.B.OurchangingattitudetowardstheEnglishlanguage.C.Ourchanginglanguage.D.SomecharacteristicsofmodernEnglish.Vocabulary1.spann.跨度，范围，一段時间，期间2.imperceptibleadj.感覺不到的，察覺不到的，极细微的3.organismn.生物体，有机体4.possessionn.拥有，占有，领土，领地5.ignorantadj.無知的6.folkn.人們，民族7.permanencen.永久，持久8.Anglo-Saxonsn.盎格鲁—撒克逊語，盎格鲁—撒克逊人，地道的英国人9.reversaln.颠倒，反向，逆转10.inflectionn.詞尾变化11.prepositionn.前置詞，介詞12.conjunctionn.联合，关联，连接詞13.intermsof根据，按照，用……的话，在……方面長难句解析①【解析】“who”引导非限制性定語從句，修饰“thecommon,ignorantfolk”。“muchas”引导状語從句。“kitchenpotsandpans”意為“锅碗瓢盆”。【译文】首先它是那些一般人甚至無知民众的财产，她們每天都像使唤她們的牲畜和锅碗瓢盆同样用著語言。②【解析】此句為一种复合倒装句。“until”引导一种并列句，前一句的主語是“atendency”，“tofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew”作“tendency”的定語，第二句的主語也是“atendency”，“to”背面的句子作“tendency”的定語，“inwhich”引导的定語從句修饰“ways”。【译文】例如在18世纪一种产生于多种来源的趋势把語言固定在一种不常使用和不利于語言发展的模式中，而到了當今，主流是要反复研究、评价人們說话、写作中的語言实践。答案与详解【短文大意】本文重要讲述英語演变過程的某些特點，指出了古英語与現代英語的不一样，以及語言學家看待語言形式的态度的变化。1.B细节題。根据題干回原文中定位，阅讀文章時注意首末段及各段開頭的句子，這往往都是考點所在。這篇文章讲的重要是英語語言演变的某些特點，指出了古英語与現代英語的不一样，以及語言學家态度的转变。本題問的正是現代語言學家与初期語言學家不一样的倾向。根据文章末尾Theeighteenthcentury,forexample,producedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.現代語言學家倾向于根据人們說和写的方式评价語言实践，而不是像初期的語言學家根据一定的模式评价語言。选项B符合文章的意思。2.A詞汇題。要根据上下文的信息判断單詞的意思。文章在第二段中间再次提到inflection時說，Afewinflections,however,havesurvived.背面文章又举了WHO/WHOM和ME/I為例阐明inflection，這是一篇有关語言學的文章，從例子可以看出inflection的意思应當是“單詞的变形”，选项A對的。3.A细节題。根据文章的内容，选项A“普遍认為15是現代英語的起點”在文章中没有提及，故為對的答案。文章第二句說Thehistoryofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange-attimesaslow,almostimperceptiblechange,atothertimesaviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.我們語言的历史是一种不停变化的历史——在某些時间裏缓慢得几乎难以察覺，在另某些時间裏则是两种語言的剧烈碰撞。由此可以推断某些其他的語言對英語的发展有重大影响，选项B符合文章的意思。4.D詞汇題。此題考察考生的推测能力和詞汇量，文章讲述的是英国語言演進的详细细节，最合适的答案应當是D。作者很也許是一位語言學家。A答案(历史學家)和C答案(人类學家)也可以有點困惑性。B答案(哲學家)是最不符合的。5.C主旨題。本文從各個方面談及英語作為一种語言的发展变化，但并不是讲述英語的历史。因此选项A不對，选项C作為文章的題目最為贴切。选项B只是文章论述的一种方面，不够全面。文章是在談到英語的不停变化的時候談到了現代英語的某些特點，因此选项D也失之于片面。旧金山成為繁华都市的原因Askedtonametheirfavoritecity,manyAmerianswouldselectSanFranciscowhichbeganasasmallSpanishoutpostlocatedonamagnificentbay.ThetownwaslittlemorethanavillageservingrancherswhentheUnitedStatestookpossessionofitin1846duringthewarwithMexico.SanFranciscosprangintoacityovernightbecauseofthenearbydiscoveryofgoldin1848.AgreatrushtoCaliforniatookplace.Wagontrainsploddedtheirdangerouswayacrossmilesofprairieandmountains,whilehundredsofsailingvesselsmadetheequallyhazardoustriparoundtheHorn.Thevesselsdisgorgedthousandsofpassengers--thenthecrewsdesertedtheirshipandhundredsofvesselswerelefttorotinthebay.Withintwoyears,CaliforniahadenoughpopulationtobecomeastateandSanFranciscowasformanyyearsthehubofthatnewly-arrivedpopulation.Thecity'spresentpopularityisduetoanexcellentclimate,aneasystyleofliving,goodfood,andnumeroustouristattractions.Thecityisfamousforitscablecarswhich"