人教版选修八-Unit-3-语言点

人教新课标必修8

Unit3Inventorsandinventions

Languagepoints第1页1.WhenIcalledupmymotherinthecountrysideonthetelephone,shewasveryupset.callup打电话，使…回想起今晚我会给你打电话。__________________________I’llcallyouuptonight.老相片引发了我对童年回想。_____________________________Theoldphotocallsupmemoriesofmychildhood.第2页callbackcallforcallincalloncallat召唤某人回来；再访；回电话需要，要求，接（人或物）邀请；请来造访（人）造访（某地）Ex.----CanIdothejob?----I’mafraidnot,becauseit______skillandpatience.callsonB.callsoutC.callsupD.callsforD第3页2.nowandthen时而；不时=sometimes,butnotoften我偶然看见他，但不常见。_______________________________我有时喜欢去看歌剧。_____________________________Iseehimnowandthen,butnotoften.Iliketogototheoperanowandthen.fromtimetotime(every)nowandagainfromnowonjustnowsincethen相关短语：有时；不时时而；不时从现在开始，今后刚才从那时以来第4页3.Herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingsomethingmercifulthatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.distinguishvt.&vi.(1)区分；识别从远处我能认出他们。___________________________Icandistinguishthematadistance.(2)（常与from,between连用）区分；区分你能区分那两个物体吗？________________________________应该教育孩子分辨好坏。Childrenshouldbetaughtto__________________Canyoudistinguishbetweenthosetwoobjects?distinguishrightfromwrong第5页(3)(常与from连用)使别于；有…特点语言把人和动物区分开来。Speech________________________________象因为有长鼻子而有别于其它动物。Elephants_________________bytheirlongtrunks.distinguishesmenfromanimalsaredistinguished(4)distinguishoneself显扬自己；使自己扬名这个人因智慧而扬名。Theman________________________________.distinguishhimselfbyhiswisdom第6页bedistinguishedfromdistinguish…from…bedistinguishedbybedistinguishedfor不一样于…与…加以区分区分，把…和…区分开以…为特征因…而著称distinguishedadj.distinguishingadj.distinguishableadj.著名，知名有区分可区分第7页4.Isetaboutresearchingthehabitsofsnakestofindtheeasiestwaytotrapthem.setabout=setout:tobeginorstart着手；开始他一到那儿就着手处理问题。He__________________________assoonashearrivedthere.=He________________________assoonashearrivedthere.setaboutsolvingtheproblemsetouttosolvetheproblem第8页setout另一个意思为“动身”，“出发”，后面长跟介词for他们以出发到上海去了。_____________________________________.Theyhavesetout(=setoff)forShanghaisetoutsetouttodosth.setoffsetasidesetdownsetup出发，起程开始做某事出发，动身留出，对…不予考虑记下，写下设置，造成，产生第9页5.…,whichfreezeshardwhencooled.…,（果冻）被冷却后会变硬。whencooled为whenitiscooled省略结构when/while/once/unless/if等连词所引导时间状语从句中主语与主句主语相一致，且从句中含有系动词be时，从句中主语和系动词be可省略，形成“连词+分词”结构。第10页1._________withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared2._____moretime,wearesuretofinishit.A.GivenB.GivingC.BegivenD.IfgivingDA第11页6.Theyabruptlydisappearedintoaconvenientholeinthewall.abruptlyadv.突然地，唐突地abruptadj.突然；意外

Ex.这路有很多急转弯。Theroadisfullof________________.这会议突然结束了。Themeetingcameto______________.我们讨论突然给缩短了。Ourdiscussionwas____________curtailed.abruptturnsanabruptendabruptly第12页convenientadj.便利，方便beconvenienttosb.itisconvenientforsb.itisconvenienttodosth.对某人方便对某人方便做某事方便三点钟对你方便吗？________________________________Will3o’clockbeconvenientforyou?我想这个时候见你恐怕不大适当。I’mafraidthisisn’ta___________________toseeyou.convenientmoment第13页Comeandseemewhenever________________.youareconvenientB.youwillbeconvenientC.ItisconvenienttoyouD.itwillbeconvenienttoyouCIfitisquite______toyou,IwillvisityounextTuesday.A.convenientB.fairC.easyD.comfortableA第14页7.Thiswasintheexpectationthatthesnakeswouldbiteagain.Butmonitoredcarefully,thesnakesprovedtobenotroubleandallwentaccordingtoplan.这是因为我们预料蛇会再咬人。不过经过仔细监视，证实这些蛇是制造不了麻烦，一切都按计划进行着。Expectation:预料；期待。比如：firmbeliefthatsthwillhappenThere’snoexpectationofsnowtonight.今晚预计无雪。句中that从句是一个同位语从句，作expectation同位语。第15页monitor(vt.)（1）tocheckbymeansofanelectronicreceiverforsignificantcontents,suchasmilitary,political,orillegalactivity利用监听器或监视器来监听，收听，收视主要内容，如相关军事，政治或非法活动内容。比如：Theyhavebeenmonitoringtheenemy’sradiobroadcaststotrytofindouttheirsecretplans.他们一直在监听地方电台广播，设法查探他们秘密计划。第16页（2）tokeepclosewatchover;supervise亲密监视；监督。比如：Theteacherismonitoringanexamination.老师正在监考。第17页prove(vt.)showthatsthistrueorcertainbymeansofargumentorevidence证实；证实。比如：Hehasprovedhiscourageinbattles.他已在战斗证实了自己勇气。Factsprovethatthecreativepowerofpeopleknowsnolimits.事实证实人民创造是无穷。第18页(vi)beseenorfoundtobe;turnouttobe原来（是）；证实（是）。比如：Themethod/drugproved(tobe)highlyeffective.这个方法/这种药被证实是非常有效。Myadviceprovedtobewrong.我意见被证实是错。第19页8.Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.只有你得到这种认可，你才能够说是一个真正创造家。only

修饰状语，至于句首，主句语序需要倒装。此句如改成正常语序应是：Youcansaythatyouaretrulyaninventoronlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognition.又如：Onlybyworkinghardcanwepasstheexams.第20页一些否定词至于句首，表示强调时也会引发倒装。如：never,seldom,hardly,neither,nor,not,only,little等。如课文中令一句：Norwillyoureceiveapatentuntilasearchhasbeenmadetofindoutthatyourproductreallyisdifferentfromeveryoneelse’s.又如：NeverhaveIseensuchanexcitingfilm.LittledidIknowwhatwasabouttohappen.第21页9.Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.专利标准非常严格，除非新想法真是新奇，不然极难被接收。这里that引导结果状语从句。主句和从句是原因与结果关系，译作“所以”。比如：

Shespokesofastthatfewofuscouldfollowher.讲话太快，我们极少有些人能听得懂。novel

在此处是形容词，意思是“新；新奇；新奇”。其名词形式是novelty。Heisapersonwhoalwayshasnovelideas.他经常会有新奇想法。第22页LanguagepointsforreadingII第23页1.Hebelievedthatoneshouldalwaysbecuriousandhismostfamoussayingwas:”Leavethebeatentrackoccasionallyanddiveintothewoods.Everytimeyoudoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingthatyouhaveneverseenbefore.Followitup,exploreallaroundit,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.Allreallybigdiscoveriesaretheresultofthought.”他认为一个人应该含有好奇心，他最著名一句话是：“偶然离开平路去寻求困境。当你这么做时候，你一定会发觉你从未见过东西。跟踪下去，不停探索，不知不觉中，你就会发觉某种值得思索东西占据着你头脑。全部真正伟大发觉都是思索结果。”第24页beatentrack

踏平路；一贯路；通例。如：Wefollowedawell-beatentrackthroughtheforest.我们沿着一条人们他出来路穿过森林。dive(vt)togoheadfirstintowater潜入；跳水。比如：Hedivedintotheriverandrescuedthedrowningchild.他跳到水中，救起那快要溺死小孩。第25页tomovequicklyinaspecifieddirection扑去；冲去。比如：

whentherainstarted,wedivedintoacafé.雨下了起来，我们马上跑进一家小餐馆。woods原指“森林”，在这里有“险境，困境”意思。outofthewoods表示“脱离麻烦或困难”。如：Thesituationisimproving,butwearenotoutofthewoodsyet.情况正在改进，但我们还没有摆脱困境。第26页2.Althoughheismostoftenassociatedwiththeinventionofthetelephone,hewasindeedacontinuingsearcherafterpracticalsolutionstoimprovethequalityofeverybody’slife.

即使人们常把他和创造电话联络起来，不过他确实是一名永不停息探索家，不停寻求着改进人们生活质量路径。

associatewith

把…和…联络起来；和…来往。如：

InourmindstheSpringFestivalisassociatedwithhappyfamilyreunions.在我们心中，春节是和愉快家庭团聚联络在一起。

Herparentsdidn’tlikeherassociatingwithnetfriends.她父母不喜欢她和网友来往。第27页句中continuing是动词-ing形式，在这里作定语用。如：Thisisaverypressing