河北省廊坊市部分高中2024-2025学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

高一年级英语考试试卷满分150分考试时间120分钟第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFromcarefullyreconstructedsiteslikeChichenItzatotheceremonialtemplesofCalakmul,thesearetheancientMayaruinsnottomissinMexico.ChichenItzaNamedoneoftheNewSevenWondersoftheWorldin2007,thebeautifullypreservedChichenItzainYucatánisMexico’smostfamousMayaruins.Despitethecrowds,fewaredissatisfiedwithElCastillo—acarefullyrestoredpyramidthatrisesup80ftandhas365steps—thelargestMayaballcourtintheAmericas.TulumBuiltinthe13thcentury,TulumwasoneofthelastcitieswheretheMayapeoplelivedandtheonlyonebuiltonthecoast.Thepyramidsherearen’taslargeasotherMayaruinsinMexico,butthesetting,on40ft-highcliffs(悬崖)abovetheCaribbeanwaterssouthofCancun,morethanmakesupforit.CobáHometothetallestpyramidinthestateofQuintanaRoo,CobáwasonceoneofthemostimportantMayacitiesinYucatán.Locatedaround30mileswestofTulumruins,thecitywasbuiltinaround600CEanditeventuallygrewto50,000peoplelivingthere.ThoughmuchofCobáhasyettobeexcavated(发掘),travellerscanclimbthe138ft-highNohochMul—apyramidthatofferssweepingviewsovertheYucatánrainforest.CalakmulInCampeche’sCalakmulBiosphereReserveneartheborderwithGuatemala,CalakmulisoneofMexico’swildestMayaruins.IthasthelargestandtallestpyramidinYucatánandmorethan6,000buildings,manyofthemcoveredbyrainforest.Thesiteisparticularlybeautifulatsunrise,whenthesurroundingforestcomesalivewithbirdsong.1WhichisoneoftheNewSevenWondersoftheWorld?A.Cobá. B.Tulum. C.Calakmul. D.ChichenItza.2.WhatisspecialaboutTulum?A.Itfeatures365steps. B.Itwashitbyafloodin2007.C.Itwasbuiltonthecoast. D.ItliesinthenorthofCancun.3.WhatcanyoudoatCalakmul?A.TourthelargestMayaballcourt. B.VisitthetallestpyramidinYucatán.C.Climbthe138ft-highNohochMul. D.Haveabird’s-eyeviewofYucatán.BEverytimeyouchargeyourcellphone,youarebenefitingfromJohnGoodenough’sexceptionalcreativity.AfterbeingtoldthatmostscientistsmaketheirmajordiscoverieslongbeforetheyhitmiddleageGoodenoughjustsetofftodevelopabatterytechnologythathasmadeourmodernlifepossible.Lithium(锂)batterieshadbeeninventedbefore.ButGoodenough’sinventionwasanewkindoflithiumbatterythatcanstoreenoughenergytopowerallsortsofelectronicsandislightandsmallenoughtomakethemportable(便携式的).And,evenbetter,suchabatterywouldchargeandrechargeinamatterofminutes—allwithoutexploding.BorninJena,Germanyin1922,GoodenoughgrewupintheUnitedStatesandmajoredinmathematicsatYaleUniversityandearnedaPh.DinphysicsfromtheUniversityofChicago.HebeganhiscareerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),wherehisresearchlaidthegroundworkfordevelopmentofrandom-accessmemory(RAM)forthedigitalcomputer.GoodenoughwasheadoftheInorganicChemistryLaboratoryattheUniversityofOxfordinEnglandwhenhemadehislithiumbatterydiscovery.HejoinedtheTexasUniversityin1986,andwasstillteachingandresearchingbatterymaterialsandengineeringproblemswhenhewontheNobelPrizein2019.Trainedinmathematicsandphysics,Goodenough,whoeventuallybecomesagroundbreakingchemistandmaterialsengineer,doesnoteasilyfitanyexistingclassification(分类).“IwouldlikethephysiciststothinkIamaphysicist,butI’mafraidtheythinkIamachemistandmaterialsengineer.Ontheotherhand,thechemistsandmaterialsengineersthinkIamaphysicist,”heoncejoked.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnGoodenoughfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heisthefirstpersontoinventlithiumbatteries.B.Hemadehismajordiscoveryatarelativelyoldage.C.Hegotalotofsupportandhelpfromtheprojectleaders.D.Hewasconsideredanexceptionallysuccessfulyoungscientist.5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Goodenough’sresearchplan. B.Anewkindofbatterymaterial.C.Goodenough’simprovements. D.Theadvantagesoflithiumbatteries.6.WheredidJohnGoodenoughmakehisfirstlithiumbatterydiscovery?A.AttheUniversityofOxford. B.AtYaleUniversity.C.AttheUniversityofChicago. D.AttheTexasUniversity.7WhatdidJohnGoodenoughmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Majorsareveryimportant. B.Hewasnotwelcomeanywhere.C.Hewasnotagoodphysicist. D.Itisnoteasytoclassifyhisresearch.CAgirlisdrivingwithherparentswhentheyspotwatercressgrowingbythesideoftheroad.Herparentsstopandtakeheroutofthebackseat.Theyaskhertotakeoffhershoesandrollupherjeanstohelpthemgatherit.ItisthebeginningofthestoryinWatercress,apicturebookwrittenbyAndreaWang.Thestoryisbasedonherchildhood.“MyparentsactuallyspottedwatercressgrowingbythesideoftheroadinOhiowhereIgrewup,”Wangsays.“AndIwashorriblyembarrassedtogetoutandgatherthewatercressfromthedirtywater.ItreallymademeawareofhowdifferentIwasfrommyfriends.Butformyparents,itbroughtbackmemoriesoftheirhomecountryanditwasaconnectiontotheirhomelandthattheyhadleftbehind.”Thefeelingofbeingashamedofourparentsisuniversal.We’veprobablyallexperiencedthatatsomepoint.“Irememberwalking20feetbehindmyparentswhenwewerewalkingdownthestreet,pretendingthatIdidn’tbelongtothem,”Wanglaughs.ThepicturesinWatercresshavedrawninspirationfromChineselandscapepaintings,whichoftenhavemountainscoveredinclouds.“ItalwayshasfeltdreamliketomewhenIlookatthosepaintings.AndIthoughtitwouldbenicetobringitintomybookbecauseofitsthemeofmemory,”Wangexplains.Unlikethelittlegirlinthestory,AndreaWangdidn’thearanystoryaboutherparents’childhoodsuntilshewasanadult.“Myparentsweretryingtoprotectme,bynottellingmethehardshipstheywentthrough,”Wangsays.Butasakid,Wangremembersfeelingdisconnectedfromherhistory.“Ithinkit’sreallyimportantforfamiliestosharewhattheycan,”Wangsays.“Sothatkidsknowthathistoryandcanfeelasenseofprideintheirculture.”8.HowdidAndreaWangfeelwhenshewastoldtogatherwatercress?A.Excited. B.Curious. C.Scared. D.Ashamed.9.Whatdoestheword“universal”underlinedinparagraph3mean?A.Makingsbfeelalittlebitangry. B.Beingtrueatalltimesandinallplaces.C.Needingskilltodoorunderstand. D.Beingrelatedtoaparticulargrouporsociety.10.WhatdoesAndreaWangsayaboutChineselandscapepaintings?A.Theyareboring. B.Theyaredifficult.CTheyarebeautiful. D.Theyareexpensive.11.WhatdoesAndreaWangsuggestparentsdo?A.Avoidtalkingabouthardships.B.Explainwhatevertheywentthrough.C.Telltheirkidstobeproudoftheirculture.D.Sharesomeoftheirexperienceswiththeirkids.DWhereis“space”exactly?Thismayseemlikeasimplequestion,buttheanswermaybemoredifficultthanyouthink.Nowadays,mostcountriesaregenerallyinagreementthatspacebeginswhenEarth’satmosphereends.Butnoonecantellwhereatmosphereactuallyendsandouterspacebegins.ThisleavesthedooropenforavarietyofexplanationsuntiltheKarmanLinewasrecognizedbyinternationallaws.Theso-calledKarmanLineisanimaginaryline100kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface.Oncethislineiscrossed,theairistoothinandtraditionalplaneswouldneedtoreachthespeedof30,564kilometersperhourorriskfallingbacktoEarth.Accordingtotheinternationallaws,oncepilotsandaircraftcrossthatline,theyarerecognizedasastronautsandspacecraftandarefreetoconductspaceoperationswithoutconcernforinternationalborders(边境).Intheearlyageofspaceexploration,theUSdefinedspacedifferentlyandinsistedthatspacestart19.3kilometersbelowtheKarmanLine,sincetheUSwasconfidentthatitwouldleadandremaintobetheleaderinthetraditionalaircraftindustry.WellawarethattheUSwantedtooperateadvancedspying(侦查)aircraftsafely,manydevelopingcountriesopposedtheideaandsoughttoestablishmuchhigherspacelimits—965.6kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface.Thisspacelimitmakesthingsabitdifficultforeverycountry,though.Atthatheight,eventheInternationalSpaceStationandTiangongSpaceStation(orbitingbetween320to435kilometersup),andmanysatellites(orbiting869kilometersup)wouldnotbeconsideredspacecraft!Inrecentyears,theUShasbeentryingtodeterminea“saferborderofspace”.In2009,itsuggestedthattheborderofspacebeginatl18kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface.Whatwasitsargumentthistime?Itsaidthatmanybreakthroughshavebeenmadeinspaceandspyingtechnologiesbyothercountries!12.WhatiscorrectabouttheKármánLineaccordingtotheinternationallaws?A.Itisunsafeforsomecountries. B.Traditionalplanesshouldnotcrossit.C.Pilotscanflyfreelyaboveit. D.Itisthehighestlinepilotscanreach.13.Manylessdevelopedcountriessuggestedthatspacebeginat_______.A.965.6kilometersaboveEarth’ssurfaceB.118kilometersaboveEarth’ssurfaceC.100kilometersaboveEarth’ssurfaceD.90.7kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface14.WhatdoestheauthormostprobablythinkoftheUS’suggestions?A.Smart. B.Unfair. C.Scientific. D.Uncreative.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhereDoesSpaceBeginExactly?B.HowHighShouldtheKarmanLineBe?C.HowCanWeProtectOurNationalBorders?D.WhyDoestheUSWanttoChangetheKarmanLine?第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Duringourlife,itisnaturalforustostopoccasionallyandwonderwhetherweshouldmakesomechanges.Ifyou’dliketomaketherightchoice,herearesomequestionsyouhavetoanswerfirst.Whydoyouwanttobringthechangestoyourlife?Usually,theanswerisnotveryobvious.____16____Yourhonestanswermayprovideyouwithlastingmotivation(动力)thatwilldriveyoutowardsyourgoals.Isityourtrueneed?Ordoyoujustfeelboredandwanttotrysomethingpopular?___17___Youranswersmayhelpyouseethatyoudon’tneedtobringsuchchangesintoyourlife,sinceyouareauniquepersonwithuniqueneedsandwishes.____18____Youcanstartbywritingdownwhatisimportanttoyou.Takeyourtime.____19____Youcanstartwithsimplerthings,forinstance,workingoutregularly,spendingqualitytimewithfriendsandfamily,learningtoplayaninstrumentetc.Fromthesesimplethingsyoucanworkonmoredifficultchoiceslater.Areyouself-aware?Doyouvalueconstructive(有益的)criticism?Areyoualwayshonestwithyourself?____20____Finally,letmefinishbyaquote,“Toconqueroneselfisagreatertaskthanconqueringothers.”AWhatisimportanttoyou?B.Whatresponsibilitiesshouldyoutake?C.Don’ttrytomakeyourlistinjustonesitting.D.Soyouhavetobehonestwithyourselfandaskyourselfwhy.E.Bearinmindthathowyouapproachsuccesscandefinehowyoufeel.F.Askyourselfthesetwoquestionswheneveryoujustfeelboredandwanttomakechanges.G.Ifyouranswerstothesequestionsareno,thenyouneedtoworkonyourself-awareness.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwasacoldwintermorning.MythreelittlechildrenandIgotup,____21____warmclothesandmadeourwaytothe____22____facingnorth.Thewindblewhardfromthewest,andthesnowmadeit____23____forustoseethehenhouse.Aswelookedoutofthewindow,wefoundthatthehenhousewasgone.MissPennyandhertwo____24____hadbeenblownawaybythecoldnorthwestwindthatstill____25____ouroldfarmhouse.IlookedattheemptyyardoutsidetomakesureIwasn’tmissinganything.ThenIsawthem—allthreechickens—beingaroundawhiterabbit.Icouldn’tbelievemy____26____!Howwasthisstrongwindnotpushing____27____intothefieldbeyond?Itwasunbelievable.Ithought.Iquicklyopenedthebackroomdoor,pulledonmyhusband’slongsnowtrousersandheavywinter____28____andwentout.Asthesnowflewviolentlyaroundme,Itriedhardtomakemywaytothesoftcluck-clucksoundmyhensalwaysmade.WhenI____29____them,Iquicklyunzipped(解拉链)myheavycoat,softlypickedeachhenupand_____30_____putthemintomywarmcoat.ThenIbegantowalkbacktothesmallwoodenhousebehindourownhouse.Thedoorstothewoodenhouseweredifficulttoopen,butsomehowI_____31_____topullthemapart.OnebyoneIlaidmychickensonthecoldfloorandtheybegantoclucksoftly.I_____32_____straws(稻草)andputtheminsidethehousetomakethem_____33_____.WhenIreturnedtoourhouse,mychildrenstarted_____34_____.ThelookontheirfacestoldmethattheythoughtIwasahero_____35_____.21.A.tookoff B.triedon C.puton D.showedoff22.A.window B.door C.roof D.floor23.A.convenient B.hard C.simple D.interesting24.A.classmates B.friends C.workers D.passengers25.A.rebuilt B.protected C.heated D.shook26.A.shoulders B.ears C.feet D.eyes27.A.them B.us C.her D.you28.A.socks B.glasses C.coat D.cap29.A.reached B.caught C.saw D.called30.A.curiously B.carefully C.unwillingly D.confidently31.A.planned B.managed C.hoped D.failed32.A.bought B.grew C.burnt D.found33.A.warm B.cool C.frightened D.lovely34.A.crying B.sleeping C.cheering D.leaving35.A.sister B.mom C.brother D.dad第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sincehumanbeingsappearedontheearth,theyhavehadacloserelationshipwiththemoon.Inthepastcenturies,alotofinformationaboutthemoon____36____(record)byscientists,whohavecarriedout____37____seriesofresearches.TheSovietUnionwasthe____38____(early)countrytovisitthemoon.In1959,itlaunchedthefirstLunarProbe“Moon1”thattookthefirstpicturesofthemoon.Thatwasthefirststepformantoexplorethemoon.In1969,oneoftheAmerican____39____(astronaut)inApollo11,Armstrong,setfootonthemoon.Itwasthefirsttimethatmanhadwalkedonthemoon.Nowadays,manycountriesshowgreat____40____(interesting)inexploringthemoon.TheUSAwillspendsevenyears____41____(build)abaseonthemoon.Russiahasalsostartedanewlunarexplorationprogram,andalsoplanstosetupabaseonthemoonafter2020.Inrecentyears,Chinahastakenan____42____(act)partinexploringthemoonlikeChang’eseries.Itisextremelydifficult____43____anycountrytosetupalunarbaseanddevelopthemoonalone.That’s____44____countrieshaveagreedtodevelopthemoontogether.Allthecountriesareworkinghardtogether_____45_____(open)upnewlivingspaceformankindassoonaspossible.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，计划组织一次班级郊游，请给你的英国朋友Cherry写封邮件邀请她参加。内容包括：1.时间、地点；2.活动具体内容。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Intheheartofasmalltownlocatedbetweenrollinghillsandwindingrivers,therelivedateenagernamedLily.Fromayoungage,Lilyunderstoodthepowerofkindness.Despitefacingchallenges,Lilykeptsharingherkindness,whichinspiredthosearoundher.Shewouldspendherweekendsvolunteeringatthelocalanimalshelter,takingcareofthesepoorpets.Withwarmsmilesandthegentletouchofherhandsontheanimals,thesepetstendedtofollowLilywhensheenteredtheshelter.Shealwaysbroughtwell-preparedfoodforthem.Anditwasn’tlongbeforetheanimalsbegantotrustherwithoutfear.Asshevisitedtheanimalshelter,shealsotalkedwithworkerstheretoknowmoreaboutanimals.Lily’skindnesswentbeyondtheshelter.Shemadeithermissiontobrightenthelivesofeveryoneshemet.Whetheritwaslendingalisteningeartoafriendinneedorhelpinganelderlyneighbor,Lily’sactofkindnesswaslikesunshinepiercing(穿透)throughthedarkestofclouds.Despiteherbusyschedule,Lilydidagoodjobonherstudies.Sheapproachedeverychallengewithapositiveattitude,knowingthatwithhardwork,anythingwaspossible.Heractivemindinspiredherclassmatestogoforgreatness.Sheofferedtohelpthosestudentswhowerestrugglingintheirschoolwork.WithLily’shelp,theyfocusedtheirenergyonthestudy.Andsoontheybegantobelieveintheirownabilitiestohaveabetterperformanceatschool.Qneday,asLilywaswalkinghomefromschool,shecameacrossadesertedcommunitygardenoverrunwithweeds(杂草)andlitteredwithrubbish.Mostpeoplewalkedpastwithoutgivingitasecondlook,butLilydidn’t.Shesawthepossibilityofexploringthebeautyhiddeninthegardenandknewshehadtodosomethingaboutit.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。WiththestrengthofpurposeLilycalledtogetherherclassmates._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Asdayspassed,wordaboutLily’sprojectspreadaroundthetown._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

高一年级英语考试试卷满分150分考试时间120分钟第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFromcarefullyreconstructedsiteslikeChichenItzatotheceremonialtemplesofCalakmul,thesearetheancientMayaruinsnottomissinMexico.ChichenItzaNamedoneoftheNewSevenWondersoftheWorldin2007,thebeautifullypreservedChichenItzainYucatánisMexico’smostfamousMayaruins.Despitethecrowds,fewaredissatisfiedwithElCastillo—acarefullyrestoredpyramidthatrisesup80ftandhas365steps—thelargestMayaballcourtintheAmericas.TulumBuiltinthe13thcentury,TulumwasoneofthelastcitieswheretheMayapeoplelivedandtheonlyonebuiltonthecoast.Thepyramidsherearen’taslargeasotherMayaruinsinMexico,butthesetting,on40ft-highcliffs(悬崖)abovetheCaribbeanwaterssouthofCancun,morethanmakesupforit.CobáHometothetallestpyramidinthestateofQuintanaRoo,CobáwasonceoneofthemostimportantMayacitiesinYucatán.Locatedaround30mileswestofTulumruins,thecitywasbuiltinaround600CEanditeventuallygrewto50,000peoplelivingthere.ThoughmuchofCobáhasyettobeexcavated(发掘),travellerscanclimbthe138ft-highNohochMul—apyramidthatofferssweepingviewsovertheYucatánrainforest.CalakmulInCampeche’sCalakmulBiosphereReserveneartheborderwithGuatemala,CalakmulisoneofMexico’swildestMayaruins.IthasthelargestandtallestpyramidinYucatánandmorethan6,000buildings,manyofthemcoveredbyrainforest.Thesiteisparticularlybeautifulatsunrise,whenthesurroundingforestcomesalivewithbirdsong.1.WhichisoneoftheNewSevenWondersoftheWorld?A.Cobá. B.Tulum. C.Calakmul. D.ChichenItza.2.WhatisspecialaboutTulum?A.Itfeatures365steps. B.Itwashitbyafloodin2007.C.Itwasbuiltonthecoast. D.ItliesinthenorthofCancun.3.WhatcanyoudoatCalakmul?A.TourthelargestMayaballcourt. B.VisitthetallestpyramidinYucatán.C.Climbthe138ft-highNohochMul. D.Haveabird’s-eyeviewofYucatán.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个墨西哥不容错过的古玛雅遗址。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ChichenItza部分中“NamedoneoftheNewSevenWondersoftheWorldin2007,thebeautifullypreservedChichenItzainYucatánisMexico’smostfamousMayaruins.(2007年被评为世界新七大奇迹之一，位于Yucatán的奇琴伊察保存完好，是墨西哥最著名的玛雅遗址)”可知，2007年ChichenItza入选世界新七大奇迹。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Tulum部分中“Builtinthe13thcentury,TulumwasoneofthelastcitieswheretheMayapeoplelivedandtheonlyonebuiltonthecoast.(图卢姆建于13世纪，是玛雅人最后居住的城市之一，也是唯一一座建在海岸上的城市)”可知，Tulum是唯一一座建在海滨的玛雅古城。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Calakmul部分中“IthasthelargestandtallestpyramidinYucatánandmorethan6,000buildings,manyofthemcoveredbyrainforest.(它拥有Yucatán中最大和最高的金字塔，以及6000多座建筑，其中许多都被雨林覆盖)”可知，在Calakmul能参观Yucatán地区最高的金字塔。故选B。BEverytimeyouchargeyourcellphone,youarebenefitingfromJohnGoodenough’sexceptionalcreativity.AfterbeingtoldthatmostscientistsmaketheirmajordiscoverieslongbeforetheyhitmiddleageGoodenoughjustsetofftodevelopabatterytechnologythathasmadeourmodernlifepossible.Lithium(锂)batterieshadbeeninventedbefore.ButGoodenough’sinventionwasanewkindoflithiumbatterythatcanstoreenoughenergytopowerallsortsofelectronicsandislightandsmallenoughtomakethemportable(便携式的).And,evenbetter,suchabatterywouldchargeandrechargeinamatterofminutes—allwithoutexploding.BorninJena,Germanyin1922,GoodenoughgrewupintheUnitedStatesandmajoredinmathematicsatYaleUniversityandearnedaPh.DinphysicsfromtheUniversityofChicago.HebeganhiscareerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),wherehisresearchlaidthegroundworkfordevelopmentofrandom-accessmemory(RAM)forthedigitalcomputer.GoodenoughwasheadoftheInorganicChemistryLaboratoryattheUniversityofOxfordinEnglandwhenhemadehislithiumbatterydiscovery.HejoinedtheTexasUniversityin1986,andwasstillteachingandresearchingbatterymaterialsandengineeringproblemswhenhewontheNobelPrizein2019.Trainedinmathematicsandphysics,Goodenough,whoeventuallybecomesagroundbreakingchemistandmaterialsengineer,doesnoteasilyfitanyexistingclassification(分类).“IwouldlikethephysiciststothinkIamaphysicist,butI’mafraidtheythinkIamachemistandmaterialsengineer.Ontheotherhand,thechemistsandmaterialsengineersthinkIamaphysicist,”heoncejoked.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnGoodenoughfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heisthefirstpersontoinventlithiumbatteries.B.Hemadehismajordiscoveryatarelativelyoldage.C.Hegotalotofsupportandhelpfromtheprojectleaders.D.Hewasconsideredanexceptionallysuccessfulyoungscientist.5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Goodenough’sresearchplan. B.Anewkindofbatterymaterial.C.Goodenough’simprovements. D.Theadvantagesoflithiumbatteries.6.WheredidJohnGoodenoughmakehisfirstlithiumbatterydiscovery?A.AttheUniversityofOxford. B.AtYaleUniversity.C.AttheUniversityofChicago. D.AttheTexasUniversity.7.WhatdidJohnGoodenoughmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Majorsareveryimportant. B.Hewasnotwelcomeanywhere.C.Hewasnotagoodphysicist. D.Itisnoteasytoclassifyhisresearch.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由JohnGoodenough改进后的锂电池，能储存更多的电量，且重量轻，小巧，方便携带。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AfterbeingtoldthatmostscientistsmaketheirmajordiscoverieslongbeforetheyhitmiddleageGoodenoughjustsetofftodevelopabatterytechnologythathasmadeourmodernlifepossible.(在被告知大多数的科学家在中年之前就做出了重大发现后，他开始开发一种电池技术，这种技术使现代生活成为可能。)”可知，他得知很多科学家在中年前就做出了重大发现，因此他决定开始研发这种电池技术，故他可能是在相对年长的时候做出的巨大贡献，故选B。5题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Lithium(锂)batterieshadbeeninventedbefore.ButGoodenough’sinventionwasanewkindoflithiumbatterythatcanstoreenoughenergytopowerallsortsofelectronicsandislightandsmallenoughtomakethemportable(便携式的).And,evenbetter,suchabatterywouldchargeandrechargeinamatterofminutes—allwithoutexploding.(之前就发明了锂电池。但Goodenough发明的是一种新的锂电池，它能储存足够多的电量来为各种电子产品提供电，而且它轻便，小巧，是便携式的。并且，更好的是，这样的电池可以在几分钟内完成充电和再次充电，而且不会爆炸。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了Goodenough发明的锂电池有所改善的地方，故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“GoodenoughwasheadoftheInorganicChemistryLaboratoryattheUniversityofOxfordinEnglandwhenhemadehislithiumbatterydiscovery.(当发明这款锂电池时，他在牛津大学担任无机化学实验室的主任。)”可知，Goodenough在英国牛津大学担任无机化学实验室主任时发现了锂电池，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Trainedinmathematicsandphysics,Goodenough,whoeventuallybecomesagroundbreakingchemistandmaterialsengineer,doesnoteasilyfitanyexistingclassification(分类).(受过物理和数学的培训的Goodenough，最终成为了一名开创性的化学家和材料工程师，他很难去适应任何现有的分类。)”可知，Goodenough受过多领域的培训，又是著名的化学家和材料工程师，因此他很难将自己的研究归类，不知道应该属于哪种类别，故选D。CAgirlisdrivingwithherparentswhentheyspotwatercressgrowingbythesideoftheroad.Herparentsstopandtakeheroutofthebackseat.Theyaskhertotakeoffhershoesandrollupherjeanstohelpthemgatherit.ItisthebeginningofthestoryinWatercress,apicturebookwrittenbyAndreaWang.Thestoryisbasedonherchildhood.“MyparentsactuallyspottedwatercressgrowingbythesideoftheroadinOhiowhereIgrewup,”Wangsays.“AndIwashorriblyembarrassedtogetoutandgatherthewatercressfromthedirtywater.ItreallymademeawareofhowdifferentIwasfrommyfriends.Butformyparents,itbroughtbackmemoriesoftheirhomecountryanditwasaconnectiontotheirhomelandthattheyhadleftbehind.”Thefeelingofbeingashamedofourparentsisuniversal.We’veprobablyallexperiencedthatatsomepoint.“Irememberwalking20feetbehindmyparentswhenwewerewalkingdownthestreet,pretendingthatIdidn’tbelongtothem,”Wanglaughs.ThepicturesinWatercresshavedrawninspirationfromChineselandscapepaintings,whichoftenhavemountainscoveredinclouds.“ItalwayshasfeltdreamliketomewhenIlookatthosepaintings.AndIthoughtitwouldbenicetobringitintomybookbecauseofitsthemeofmemory,”Wangexplains.Unlikethelittlegirlinthestory,AndreaWangdidn’thearanystoryaboutherparents’