辽宁省沈阳市第九十五中学2025届八年级英语第二学期期中质量跟踪监视试题含答案

辽宁省沈阳市第九十五中学2025届八年级英语第二学期期中质量跟踪监视试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、—Whatdoyouthinkofthemusic?—It______beautiful.Iamcrazyaboutit.A.sounds B.tastes C.smells D.looks2、Thedressisbeautiful,________it’stooexpensive,soIcan’taffordit.A.because B.and C.but D.or3、Whataniceday!Weshouldgocamping________watchingTVathome.A.becauseof B.insteadof C.togetherwith4、—Mary,whereisyourbrother?—He_______chessinthegardenwithhisclassmate.A.isplaying B.plays C.played D.willplay5、—I’mgoingtoDisneylandinShanghainextmonth.—________Therearemanywonderfulthingstoseeandtodo.A.That’sallright. B.Haveagoodtime! C.Goodluck!6、Ittookus________togettoQuanzhoubytrain.A.halfandtwohours B.twohourandahalf C.twoandahalfhours7、—I’mafraidIcan’tlearntocooktoday.—________I’lltrymybesttoteachyou.A.Ofcourse. B.Takeiteasy. C.Goodidea.8、—Mom,areyoumakingcoffeenow?It________great!—Yes,coffeeisreadynow.Helpyourself.A.smells B.feels C.tastes9、Harryinvitedme_______withhimwhenhisparentswereoutoftown.A.stay B.staved C.staying D.tostay10、Theyoftentalkwiththeirfriends________thephone.A.in B.by C.through D.over二、完形填空（10分）11、littlemonkeyandalittlefox(狐狸)werefriends.Oneday,theywentouttoplaynearariver.Theysawa(n)___1___treeontheothersideoftheriver.Thereweremanybigandredapples___2___it.Buttherewasnobridgeovertheriver.Themonkeyandthefoxthoughthardandfinallytheyhada(n)___3___.Theypulleddown(拉倒)asmalltreeandputitovertheriverasabridge.Themonkeysaid,“Mydearfriend,yougofirst.”___4___afterthefoxwenttotheotherside,hekicked(踢)thetreeintotheriverandrantotheappletree.“Howcan___5___gettherewithoutthetree?”shoutedthemonkey.Thefoxlaughedandsaid,“You___6___standthereandwatchmeeatingtheapples.”Themonkeywasvery___7___.Suddenlyitbegantorain.Thewaterlevel(水位)intheriverroseandthetreewentawaywiththewater.“Youcan___8___alltheapples.Butyoucan’tcomeback,”shoutedthemonkey.Thefoxstoppedeatingand___9___themonkeysadly.Herealizedhewas___10___.Heshouldn’thaveonlycaredabouthimself.1.A.pear B.apple C.orange D.banana2.A.on B.for C.of D.to3.A.accident B.problem C.gift D.idea4.A.But B.Or C.So D.If5.A.they B.we C.he D.I6.A.never B.even C.just D.still7.A.quick B.scared C.careful D.angry8.A.throw B.hide C.eat D.buy9.A.lookedfor B.lookedat C.heardof D.heardfrom10.A.wrong B.clever C.shy D.old三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、A:________?B:Ginawasreadingabookwhenhermumcamein.13、feel,lost________________14、Ifyoufollowmyadvice,Iam________(确信)youcanpassit.15、他是一个多么勤奋的画家啊!___________________________artistheis!16、你应该喝些带蜂蜜的热茶。_______________________________________________________四、阅读理解（40分）17、左栏是五种需要帮助的情况，右栏是七个可以提供帮助的组织。请为他们匹配合适的信息，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。___1___Theoldpeopleinthemountainvillagelivealone.Andthereisn’tanyentertainmentthere.___2___People’sParkisagoodplacetodomorningexercise.Butthereisrubbishhereandthere.___3___ThedisabledpeopleinHopeHomehavedifficultydoingsomenormalthings.Theyreallyneedhelperstodosomethingforthem.___4___Therearen’tanylibrariesforchildreninpoorvillages.Andthechildrendon’thavemoneytobuybooks,either.___5___Theappletreesaredying.Theapplesarefallingfromthetrees.Thefarmersareveryworried.A．AnimalHelpers.Thisgrouptrainsdogstohelpdisabledpeopledosomenormalthings,likeopeningandclosingdoorsorcarryingthings.B．AfterschoolCareCenter.Theuniversitystudentsinthiscenteraregoodatsinging,tellingstoriesandplayingballgames.Theycanhelpteachlittlekids.C．CleanandGreen.Onthefirstweekendineachmonth,thisgrouphelpscleanupparks,streets,squaresandsoon.Itreallyhelpsmakeourcitiesmorebeautiful.D．PlantsCareCenter.Theexpertsinthiscenterknowalotaboutplants.Theycanhelpwithmanyplantproblems,forexampleproblemswithfruittrees.E.MedicalCareTeam.Thisteamhasmanydoctors.Theygotopoorplacesaroundtheworldtogiveoldpeopleanddisabledpeoplesomemedicalcare.F.TheRed.TheoldpeopleinthisgrouparegoodatBeijingOpera.Theyhavealotoffreetime.Theyvolunteertoorganizeashowforsomeoldpeopleinthemountainvillage.G.LoveHome.Thisgroupraisesmoneyandbuysbooks.Thenitsendsthebookstopoorvillagesandhelpssetuplibrariesthere.18、In2019,Chinapassedlotsofpoliciesinmanyfields,bringinggreatchangestopeople’slives.Herearesomeofthem.RubbishsortingrulesHowtocorrectlysortandthrowrubbishintodustbinshasbecomeahottopicofdiscussion.Thankstotherubbishsortingrulesthatwentintoeffect,wecanrecyclesomeoftherubbishandprotecttheenvironmentinaway.In2019,25citiesstartedrubbishclassificationaccordingtoanationalpolicy.ShanghaibecamethefirstcitytostartitsstrictrubbishclassificationrulesonJuly1st.Nighttimeeconomy（夜间经济）ThenighttimeeconomywasmentionedinAugust.Itreferstobusinessactivitiesbetween6pmand6amintheserviceindustry.Theyincludeopening24-hourconveniencestores,extending（延长）theservicehoursofbuses,atlowerpricesandsupportingbookstores,culturalcentersandmuseumsinopeningtothepublicatnight.ManyChinesecitiessuchasBeijingandShanghai,setupspecialzonesandextendedtheoperationofpublictransporttosupportnighttimemarkets.________It’snolongeronlyimmoralwhenpeoplethrowthingsoutofwindowsfromhighbuildings.Since2019,ithasbecomeillegal(非法的)behaviorthatcouldfacepunishment.Thosewhothrowobjectsonpurposefromahighplacemustbepunishedforendangeringpublicsafety.1.Whatcanweknowfromthefirstpolicymentionedabove?A.Nowallthecitieshavestartedtheirrubbishsortingrules.B.It’snotgoodfortheenvironmenttosorttherubbish.C.Shanghaididn’tstartstrictrubbishsortingrulesuntilJuly1,2019.D.Fewpeopletalkaboutrubbishsortingatthemoment.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthenighttimeeconomyaccordingtothepassage?A.The24-hourATMatthebank.B.The24-hourconveniencestore.C.Bookstoresthatareopentothepublicatnight.D.Museumsthatareopentothepublicatnight.3.Whathavemanycitiesdonetosupportthenighttimeeconomy?a.Theyhavemadeplanstosupportit.b.Theyhavesetupspecialplacesforit.c.Theyhaveextendedtheoperationofpublictransport.d.Theyhavemadespeciallaws（法律）forit.A.abd B.abc C.bcd D.acd4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputintotheblank?A.Itisnotgoodtothrowthingsfromhighbuildings.B.Throwingthingsfromhighbuildingsbecomesillegal.C.It’sOKtothrowsomelightthingsfromhighbuildings.D.Parentsshouldtelltheirchildrennottothrowthingsfromhighbuildings.5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.RubbishsortinginChina.B.SomepoliciesinChinathatchangepeople’slives.C.Throwingobjectsfromhighplaceswillbepunished.D.Effortshavebeenmadetosupportthenighttimeeconomy.19、Youmaynotrealizeit,butyouaredoingmuchmorethanjuststudyingwhenyouareatschool.Schoolisalsotheplacewhereyoulearntogetonwellwithpeople.Butthisisnotalwayseasy.Whatcanyoudoifyoujustdon’tlikeoneofyourclassmates?Ifyoudiscover(发现)thatyouhaveproblemsgettingonwithyourclassmatesorfriends,themostimportantthingtolearnistolerance.Toleranceistheabilitytorealizeandrespect(尊敬)thedifferencesinothers.Wecannotchangethewaythatotherpeopledo,soitisimportanttolearntolivehappilywiththem.Tolerancewillmakeeveryonegetonbetterwitheachother.Gettingtoknowsomeonemayhelpyouunderstandwhyhedoesthingsdifferently.Somethingdifferentdoesnotexactlymeanthatitisbad.Toleranceteachesustokeepatemperateandopenmind.Youneedtorememberanoldsaying,“Treatothershowyouwanttobetreated”.Ifyoutoleratesomething,itdoesnotmeanthatyouhavetolikeit.Nooneisaskingyoutochangewhoyouareorwhatyoubelievein.Tolerancejustmeansthatyoushouldrespectthedifferencesinothersandnottrytomakethemchange.Itisimportanttopracticetolerance,becauseitwillmakeeveryone’slifeeasier.Learntoacceptpeoplefortheirdifferentabilitiesandinterests.Theworldisverydifferent,andpracticingtoleranceinyourownschoolandcitycanhelpmakeadifference.1.Thispassageistryingtotellus_______.A.what’simportantforastudentB.whatstudentsshoulddoatschoolC.howtotreatpeopledifferentfromusD.howtogetotherstodothingsintherightway2.Fromthefirstparagraph(段落)weknowthatatschool_______.A.it’seasierforsomeonetohateothersB.gettingalongwithothersisnotagreatdealC.moststudentsaregettingonwellwitheachotherD.studentsarelearningotherthingsbesides(除……之外)studying3.Whatistoleranceaccordingtothepassage?A.Acceptpeopleastheyare. B.Believeyouarealwaysright.C.Expecteverybodytobethesame. D.Changeyourselftopleaseotherpeople.4.Theunderlinedword“temperate”inParagraph3means“_______”inChinese.A.温和的 B.无礼的 C.积极的 D.负责任的5.Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat_______.A.tolerancecanonlybelearnedatschoolB.livingwithpeopleofthesameinterestsiseasierC.practicingtoleranceatschoolcanhelpmakeabetterworldD.peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentinterestsandabilities20、ChopsticksarepairsofstickswiththesamelengththathavebeenusedaskitchenwareinmostoftheeasternAsianregionsforoverthreethousandyears.Accordingtothehistoricalstudy,thefirstchopstickswerethoughttoappearinChinaover5,000yearsago.DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,chopsticksmadeofcopperandirondevelopedgradually.LaterthechopstickswithcoatingcameintheHanDynasty.Thengoldandsilverchopsticksfollowed.Differentmaterialshavebeenusedtomakechopsticksuntilnow,amongwhichthemostexpensiveonesaremadeofelephantteethandthegreenstone.Thoseshowedhowwealthytheownerswere.Itwassaidthatsilverchopstickswouldturnblackimmediatelyiftheytouchedpoisonedfood(butweknowitwaswrongtoday),soinhistorymanykingsandemperorsusedsilverchopstickstocheckwhetherthefoodwasbadforthemornotbeforeeating.Chopsticksarealsoregardedasgiftstoothers.InChina,chopsticksaretraditionallygiventoadaughterwhenshemarries,tohopethattheywillhaveachildverysoon,becausethepronunciationofword“chopsticks”inChineseislike“quickchild”.Meanwhile,peopleoftenbelievechopstickshavesomethingtodowithgoodluck.SomanyfamilieswillchoosetoputnewchopsticksonthetableatdinneronNewYear’sEveasawayofwishingforluckwhiledroppingchopsticksisasignofbadlucktocome.It’sbelievedthatusingchopstickscanincreasefingers’flexibility.Thatmeansifweusechopsticksfrequentlyatdinner,itwillmakeourfingersdoeverythingfreely.Someexpertsalsoprovethatitcanimprovememory.Manywesterners,businessmenandtouristsputtheirknivesandforksbesidethebowlsandplatesbutchoosechopsticksinChina.1.Whydidkingsandemperorsinhistoryusesilverchopstickstohavedinner?A.Theytriedtoavoidbeingkilledbypoisonedfood. B.Theymeanttoshowtheirwealthandpower.C.Silverstickscanbringthem“quickchild”. D.Silversticksaregoodfortheirhealth2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flexibility”mean?A.想象力 B.灵活性 C.力量 D.记忆力3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Chopstickscanalwaysbringtheownersluckandgoodfortune.B.Chopsticksarenotonlyeatingtoolsbutalsoapartofculture.C.Westernbusinessmenandtouristsareusedtousingchopsticks.D.Usingchopsticksfrequentlywillimprovepeople’shealthcondition.4.Whatisthisarticlemainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofusingchopsticks. B.ThedevelopmentofchopsticksinChina.C.Somestoriesandmeaningsbehindchopsticks. D.Differentmaterialsusedinmakingchopsticks.五、补全对话（10分）21、根据对话内容选出最佳答案。A:Hello!Youlookilltoday.___1___B:Ihavegotastomachache.A:___2___B:Eversincethismorning.A:___3___B:Nothingstrange.Iwenttomyfriend’sbirthdayparty.Ijustdranksomecolaandatealittlecheese.A:___4___B:Yes,Ido.ButIdon’tofteneatcheese.A:That’sit.Youcan’thavecheeseagain.B:___5___A.Doyouoftendrinkcola?B.Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?C.What’sthematterwithyou?D.Thanksalot.E.Whatdidyoueatyesterday?六、阅读表达（10分）22、阅读短文，根据短文内容用完整的句子回答下列问题。Theword“hobby”isaninterestingword.Everypersonhasonethingheorshelikestodoforfun.Somepeopleliketocollectthingslikestampsorstorybooks.Othersliketoplayfootballorgowindowshoppingwheretheycanlookatmanybeautifulthingswithoutbuyingthem.Mikehasmanyhobbieshedoesforfun.Hesometimesplaysgolfwithhissons.Heplaystenniswithallthefamily.Helikescollectingmusicbooks.HealsocollectsmusicalinstrumentsfromChinalikeerhu,xun,dizi,xiao,suonaandpipa.ThesearetheinstrumentsofChina.TheseinstrumentscannotbefoundinAmerica.Healsolikescollectingcoins,suchastheShunzhicoinsfromtheQingdynasty(朝代).HehasbeeninterestedinChinesestampswhenthepostmandeliverslettersfromChina.StampsaresointerestingbecausetheyincludedMike’sfavoritehobbyisfishing.HelikestogoandseehisbrotherinthestatesofAlaskawherefishingisexcellent.Theytakeaboatendgotoasmallriverwheretheyfishforsalmon(大马哈鱼),America’smostfamousfish.Mikewillcatchmanysalmonsinoneweek.Theyeachweighaboutfourtofivekilos.HewilltakethembacktohishomeinthestateofOregon.Hewilleatthemallwinterwithhisfamilyandfriends.Thisisaveryenjoyablehobby.1.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftheword“hobby”?____________________________________________________________________2.WhodoesMikeplaygolfwith?___________________________________________________________________3.HowmanykindsofinstrumentsdoesMikecollect?___________________________________________________________________4.WhatisMike’sfavouritehobby?___________________________________________________________________5.WhatwillMike’sfamilyandhisfriendseatallwinter?___________________________________________________________________七、书面表达（20分）在英语课上，我们展开了一次以Howtobecomeanexcellenteighth-grader(怎样成为一个优秀的八年级学生)为主题的讨论。以下是同学们的一些观点，请你结合表格内容，用英语写一篇短文，并说出你的建议。在家在校你的建议帮助父母做家务，学会独立改进学习技巧从而取得更好成绩……多与父母沟通交流多锻炼保持健康学会放松，缓解压力参加志愿者活动帮助他人要求：Wehadadiscussionabouthowtobecomeanexcellenteighth-graderlastweek._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、A【解析】【详解】句意：——你觉得这音乐怎么样？——听起来很动听。我为之疯狂。考查动词辨析sounds听起来；tastes尝起来；smells闻起来；looks看起来。根据“themusic”可知，音乐听起来很动听。故选A。2、C【解析】【详解】句意：这件衣服很漂亮，但是太贵了，我买不起。考查连词辨析。because因为；and而且；but但是；or或者。根据“Thedressisbeautiful”和“it’stooexpensive,soIcan’taffordit”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用but连接。故选C。3、B【解析】【详解】句意：多么好的一天！我们应当去露营而不是在家看电视。考查介词短语。becauseof因为；insteadof而不是；togetherwith和……一起。根据“Whataniceday!”可知，此处指的是天气好应当出门而不是在家，insteadof“而不是”符合情景。故选B。4、A【解析】【详解】句意：——玛丽，你哥哥在哪里？——他和他的同学在花园里下棋。考查时态。根据“Mary,whereisyourbrother?”可知，应回答正在和同学下棋，句子时态应为现在进行时态，结构为be+doing。故选A。5、B【解析】【详解】句意：——下个月我要去上海的迪士尼乐园。——玩得开心！有许多精彩的事情可以看，也可以做。考查情景交际。That’sallright没关系；Haveagoodtime玩得开心；Goodluck祝你好运。根据“I’mgoingtoDisneylandinShanghainextmonth”可知要去迪士尼玩，所以祝对方玩得开心。故选B。6、C【解析】【详解】句意：我们坐火车到泉州花了两个半小时。考查数量“半”的表达。此处表示“两个半小时”，英文表达为twoandahalfhours。故选C。7、B【解析】【详解】句意：——恐怕我今天学不会做饭。——放轻松。我会尽力教你的。考查情景交际。Ofcourse当然；Takeiteasy别紧张、放轻松；Goodidea好主意。根据“I’lltrymybesttoteachyou.”可知此处应是安慰对方，故填“别紧张、放轻松”符合语境。故选B。8、A【解析】【详解】句意：——妈妈，你现在正在做咖啡吗？闻起来太棒了。——是的。咖啡已经做好了。自己倒吧。考查动词辨析。smell闻起来；feel摸起来；taste尝起来。根据“Mom,areyoumakingcoffeenow?”可知，还没有尝咖啡，所以是闻起来。故选A。9、D【解析】【详解】句意：Harry邀请我在他爸妈不在镇上的时候去陪他待着。本题考查动词的时态。A.stay原型；B.staved过去式；C.staying现在分词；D.tostay动词不定式。Invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事，故选Dtostay。10、D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：他们经常和朋友通电话。考查介词。in在……中；by通过；through穿过；over向……上方，over还可表示方式，作“通过，凭助，经由……的媒介”讲，其后常接电话、电视、收音机等交际工具名词。此处就是指通过电话与朋友交谈。故选D。二、完形填空（10分）11、1.B2.A3.D4.A5.D6.C7.D8.C9.B10.A【解析】【分析】猴子和狐狸是好朋友，一天他们看到河对岸有一棵苹果树，树上结满了又大又红的苹果，他门都想吃，最后他们想出一个办法，把一棵树推倒作为桥，狐狸先过去后就把树推到河里自己去享受苹果，但一会后，天开始下雨，河水暴涨，狐狸回不了家了。【1题详解】根据下句Thereweremanybigandredapples___2___it可知，他们发现的是一棵苹果树。故选B。【2题详解】苹果长在树上用介词on。故选A。【3题详解】句意：猴子和狐狸努力的想最后有了一个主意。主意，想法是idea。故选D。【4题详解】句意：但是狐狸到河对岸后，他把树踢到河里自己跑向苹果树。本题与前句是转折关系，但是用but。故选A。【5题详解】此处是猴子说自己怎么过河。故用人称代词I。故选D。【6题详解】句意：你只有站在那儿看我吃苹果。仅仅，只有是just。故选C。【7题详解】办法是猴子和狐狸共同想出的，此时猴子却吃不到苹果，他一定很生气。故选D。【8题详解】句意：你能吃掉全部的苹果，但你不能回来了。吃是eat。故选C。【9题详解】根据当时情景推测，狐狸应该是悲伤地看着猴子。看是lookat。故选B。【10题详解】根据Heshouldn’thaveonlycaredabouthimself可知，此时狐狸认识到自己错了。错误的是wrong。故选A。点睛：完型填空是一卷难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。解题的方法第一要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,充分利用各种线索，语法知识,以及句子之间的关系，词的搭配,结合上下文背景语境，结合句意选择适合语境的选项。三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、WhatwasGinadoingwhenhermumcamein【解析】【详解】根据答语“Ginawasreadingabookwhenhermumcamein.”可知，此处是在询问“当她妈妈进来时吉娜在做什么”。询问“做什么”用特殊疑问词what；答语为过去进行时，问句也应是过去进行时。故填WhatwasGinadoingwhenhermumcamein。13、Hefeelssadbecauseheislost/getslost.【解析】【详解】根据图画和提示词可知，本句可表达为“他感到悲伤，因为他迷路了”，用because引导原因状语从句，此处陈述一般事实，时态使用一般现在时；he“他”，人称代词主格；feelsad“感到悲伤”；be/getlost“迷路”；主语为第三人称单数，所以动词使用第三人称单数，be动词使用is。故填Hefeelssadbecauseheislost/getslost.14、sure【解析】【详解】句意：如果你听从我的建议，我确信你可以通过它。根据语境、中文提示和前面的am可知，此处考查短语besure“确信”。故填sure。15、①.What②.a③.hard-working【解析】【详解】分析句子可知，此句是一个感叹句。句型“what+a/an+形容词+名词单数+主谓”根据中英文对照，横线上缺的是形容词“勤奋的”hard-working，辅音音素开头，所以是不定冠词a。故答案为：What；a；hard-working。16、Youshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney.【解析】【详解】“你”you；“应该”should，后接动词原形；“喝”drink；“一些带蜂蜜的热茶”somehotteawithhoney。故填Youshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney.四、阅读理解（40分）17、1.F2.C3.A4.G5.D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍几个可以提供帮助的组织及需要帮助的人。【1题详解】根据“Theoldpeopleinthemountainvillagelivealone.Andthereisn’tanyentertainmentthere.”可知老年人住在山里，没有娱乐，故选项F“红色老年人在这个群体里擅长京剧。他们有很多空闲时间，他们志愿为山村里的一些老人组织一场表演”符合语境，故选F。【2题详解】根据“People’sParkisagoodplacetodomorningexercise.Butthereisrubbishhereandthere.”可知人民公园需要打扫，故选项C“干净且环保在每个月的第一个星期，这个群体帮助打扫公园，街道，广场等等。它真的帮助让我们的城市更加的美丽。”符合语境，故选C。【3题详解】根据“ThedisabledpeopleinHopeHomehavedifficultydoingsomenormalthings.Theyreallyneedhelperstodosomethingforthem.”可知残疾人需要帮手，故选项A“动物帮手这个组织训练狗来帮助残疾人做一些正常的事情，像开关门或者搬东西。”符合语境，故选A。【4题详解】根据“Therearen’tanylibrariesforchildreninpoorvillages.Andthechildrendon’thavemoneytobuybooks,either.”可知贫困的山村没有图书馆，孩子们需要图书馆。故选项G“爱的家这个群体筹钱并且买书，然后他们把书送给贫困的山村并且帮助在那儿建立图书”符合语境，故选G。【5题详解】根据“Theappletreesaredying.Theapplesarefallingfromthetrees.Thefarmersareveryworried”可知苹果树要死了，苹果从树上掉下来，农民们很担心，故选项D“植物关爱中心这个中心的专家们知道关于植物的很多事情，他们帮助解决许多的植物问题，例如水，水果树木的问题。”符合语境，故选D。18、1.C2.A3.B4.B5.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了国家出台的三项政策。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“In2019,25citiesstartedrubbishclassificationaccordingtoanationalpolicy.ShanghaibecamethefirstcitytostartitsstrictrubbishclassificationrulesonJuly1st.”可知，2019年7月1日，上海成为第一个实施严格垃圾分类规定的城市。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Theyincludeopening24-hourconveniencestores,extending（延长）theservicehoursofbuses,atlowerpricesandsupportingbookstores,culturalcentersandmuseumsinopeningtothepublicatnight”可知，这些措施包括开设24小时便利店，延长公共汽车的服务时间，降低价格，支持书店、文化中心和博物馆在夜间向公众开放，而24小时ATM机没有提及，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“ManyChinesecitiessuchasBeijingandShanghai,setupspecialzonesandextendedtheoperationofpublictransporttosupportnighttimemarkets.”可知，许多城市为支持夜间经济制定了计划、设立了特区，并延长了公交运营时间，而并没有制定特殊的法律，故选B。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据“Since2019,ithasbecomeillegal(非法的)behaviorthatcouldfacepunishment.”可知，本段说的是高空抛物不只是道德问题，也是违法行为，选项B“从高楼扔东西是非法的”符合段落内容，故选B。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据“In2019,Chinapassedlotsofpoliciesinmanyfields,bringinggreatchangestopeople’slives.Herearesomeofthem.”可知，本文主要介绍了中国政府出台的三项利国利民的政策，改变了人们的生活，故选B。19、1.C2.D3.A4.A5.C【解析】【分析】本文主要谈论怎样与你不喜欢同学相处，最重要的是要学会宽容。宽容是认识和尊重他人差异的能力。我们不能改变别人的生活方式，学会和他们幸福地生活是很重要的。宽容会使每个人相处得更好。宽容教会我们保持一个温和和开放的心态。宽容只意味着你应该尊重别人的不同，而不是试图让他们改变。练习宽容是很重要的，因为宽容会让每个人的生活更轻松。【1题详解】主旨理解题。本文主要谈论怎样与你不喜欢同学相处，最重要的是要学会宽容。可知这篇文章试图告诉我们如何对待与我们不同的人。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第1段第1和2句Youmaynotrealizeit,butyouaredoingmuchmorethanjuststudyingwhenyouareatschool.Schoolisalsotheplacewhereyoulearntogetonwellwithpeople.（你可能没有意识到，在你上学的时候，你做的不仅仅是学习。学校也是你学习与人相处融洽的地方。）可知“从第一段我们知道，除了学习之外，在校学生还学习其他东西。”故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第5段最后一句Tolerancejustmeansthatyoushouldrespectthedifferencesinothersandnottrytomakethemchange.（宽容只意味着你应该尊重别人的不同，而不是试图让他们改变。）、第6段第2句Learntoacceptpeoplefortheirdifferentabilitiesandinterests.（学会接受不同能力和兴趣的人。）可知“根据文章，宽容是接受人们的本来面目。”故选A。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据上文Tolerancewillmakeeveryonegetonbetterwitheachother.Gettingtoknowsomeonemayhelpyouunderstandwhyhedoesthingsdifferently.Somethingdifferentdoesnotexactlymeanthatitisbad.（宽容会使每个人相处得更好。了解某人可能有助于你理解他为什么做不同的事情。有些不同并不完全意味着它是坏的。）可知此句Toleranceteachesustokeepatemperateandopenmind.句意是：宽容教会我们保持一个温和和开放的心态。故下画线单词“temperate”汉语意思是“温和的”；故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后1句Theworldisverydifferent,andpracticingtoleranceinyourownschoolandcitycanhelpmakeadifference.（世界是非常不同的，在你自己的学校和城市里练习宽容有助于改变。）可知“最后一段建议在学校里练习宽容有助于创造一个更好的世界”；故选C。20、1.A2.B3.B4.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了筷子的发展、材质、寓意以及使用筷子的好处。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Itwassaidthatsilverchopstickswouldturnblackimmediatelyiftheytouchedpoisonedfood(butweknowitwaswrongtoday),soinhistorymanykingsandemperorsusedsilverchopstickstocheckwhetherthefoodwasbadforthemornotbeforeeating”可知，他们试图避免被有毒食物杀死，故选A。【2题详解】词义猜测题。根据“It’sbelievedthatusingchopstickscanincreasefingers’flexibility”可知，使用筷子能提高手指的灵活性，故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段至第三段的介绍可知，筷子不仅是吃饭的工具，也是文化的一部分，故选B。【4题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了与筷子有关的一些事情，用C选项“筷子背后的一些故事和含义”概括本文的主题大意最符合，故选C。五、补全对话（10分）21、1.C2.B3.E4.A5.D【解析】【导语】本文为A、B两人的对话。对话主要为谈论B生病的情景。【1题详解】根据“Ihavegotastomachache”可知，空格处应询问B怎么了，选项C“你怎么了”，符合语境。故选C。【2题详解】根据“Eversincethismorning”可知，是在询问时间长