河南省部分学校2024-2025学年高二年级下册4月质量检测英语试卷（解析版）

河南省部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期4月质量检测

英语试卷

第一部分听力（略）

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.MajorHeatisthe

12thsolarterm,duringwhich,mostpartsofChinaenterthehottestseasonoftheyear.Hereare

somethingsrelatedtoit.

Aseasonofharvestingandplanting

DuringMajorHeat,thesunshine,hightemperatures,andheavyrainfallaregoodfor

agriculturalcrops.ButlikeMinorHeat,manynaturaldisasterssuchasfloods,droughtsand

typhoonsalsohappenduringMajorHeat.Therefore,ifsimportanttoharvestandplantintimeto

avoidsetbackscausedbynaturaldisasters.

SendingtheMajorHeatship

ItisafolktraditionspanninghundredsofyearsinTaizhou,Zhejiangprovince.Theshipis

filledwithvariousanimalsforsacrifice（祭献）suchaspigs,sheep,chicken,fish,andshrimps.More

than50fishermentaketurnscarryingtheshipastheymarchthroughthestreets.Drumsareplayed

andfireworksarelit.Bothsidesofthestreetarefilledwithpeopleprayingforblessings.Aftera

seriesofceremonies,theshipispulledoutofthefishingportandburnedatsea.

Cricketfighting

MajorHeatisaseasonwiththelargestnumberofcrickets（蟋蟀）thatcanbefoundinthefields

alongthecountryside.CricketfightingisapopularpastimeforsomepeopleinChinaduringthis

period.Thecustomdatesbackover1,000yearstotheTangDynasty（AD618-907）.

Eatingpineapples/Drinkingmuttonsoup

ThereisasayinginTaiwanprovincewhichgoes,“eatingpineapplesinMajorHeat”.During

theperiod,pineappletastesbest.

ThereisacustominsouthernShandongprovincewherepeopledrinkmuttonsoupontheday.

Manypeoplegotolocalrestaurantstodrinkmuttonsoup,whichiscalled"summermuttonsoup”.

1.WhatisthepurposeofthetraditionalactivityinTaizhou?

A.Toprayforblessings.B.Toshowlocalcuisine.

C.Toorganisefireworksdisplay.D.Toholdanewshipdepartureceremony.

2.WhatistheuniquetraditionofMajorHeatinsouthernShandong?

A.Cricketfighting.B.Eatingpineapples.

C.Drinkingmuttonsoup.D.Harvestingandplanting.

3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Ahistorytextbook.B.Ajourneydiary.

C.Aculturemagazine.D.Atraveladvertisement.

【答案】l.A2.C3.C

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统农历二十四节气中的大暑，包括大暑期间的

农事活动、一些地方的传统习俗，如浙江台州送大暑船、中国部分地区斗蟋蟀、台湾省吃凤

梨以及山东南部喝羊肉汤等。

【1题详析】

细节理解题。根据文章“SendingtheMajorHeatship”部分中"Bothsidesofthestreetarefilled

withpeopleprayingforblessings.Afteraseriesofceremonies,theshipispulledoutofthefishing

portandburnedatsea（街道两旁站满了祈求祝福的人。经过一系列仪式后，船被拖出渔港，在

海上焚烧）”可知，浙江台州送大暑船这一传统活动的目的是祈求祝福。故选A项。

【2题详析】

细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“ThereisacustominsouthernShandongprovincewherepeople

drinkmuttonsoupontheday.Manypeoplegotolocalrestaurantstodrinkmuttonsoup,whichis

called"summermuttonsoup”（在山东南部有一个习俗，人们在大暑这天喝羊肉汤。许多人会

去当地餐馆喝羊肉汤，这被称为“伏羊汤”）”可知，山东南部在大暑时独特的传统是喝羊肉汤。

故选C项。

【3题详析】

推理判断题。根据第一段“ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solar

terms.MajorHeatisthe12thsolarterm,duringwhich,mostpartsofChinaenterthehottestseason

oftheyear.Herearesomethingsrelatedtoit.（传统的中国农历将一年分为24个节气。大暑是

第12个节气，在此期间，中国大部分地区进入一年中最热的季节。以下是一些与之相关的

事情）”以及第三段“SendingtheMajorHeatship”部分"Bothsidesofthestreetarefilledwith

peopleprayingforblessings.Afteraseriesofceremonies,theshipispulledoutofthefishingport

andburnedatsea（街道两旁站满了祈求祝福的人。经过一系列仪式后，船被拖出渔港，在海

上焚烧）“、最后一段"ThereisacustominsouthernShandongprovincewherepeopledrinkmutton

soupontheday.Manypeoplegotolocalrestaurantstodrinkmuttonsoup,whichiscalled"summer

muttonsoup”（在山东南部有一个习俗，人们在大暑这天喝羊肉汤。许多人会去当地餐馆喝羊

肉汤，这被称为“伏羊汤”）”可知，文章主要介绍了中国传统节气大暑的相关知识，包括农事

活动以及各地与之相关的传统习俗。文章介绍的节气习俗等内容属于文化范畴，很有可能出

自文化杂志。故选C项。

B

Manyartiststakeinspirationfromtheirtravels,butBenjaminSackfoundauniquewaytomake

hiswayaroundtheworld.Forthepastdecade,artistBenjaminSackhasbeennavigatingtheglobe

inanunconventionalstudio-aHollandAmericancruiseship（游轮）.Thisplatformenableshim

todigintoglobalarchitecturaldesigns,whichhethenmasterfullyintegratesintodetailedpen

drawings.

SackfirstapproachedHollandAmerica-acompanyknownforitsround-the-worldcruises

——afterhefinisheduniversity.Heproposedauniqueidea:an"artistresidency^^wherehe'dgive

drawingclassesandlecturestopassengersonartrelatedtotheportsofcall.Healsoofferedtocreate

alargemap-styledrawingtobeinmemoryofthevoyage.Now,he'saffectionatelyknownasKing

Neptune?s（海神的）courtartist.

Sack'sshipboardstudioofferssweeping,ever-changingviewsthatinspirehiswork.Ateach

journey'send,hepresentsafinaldrawingtopassengersandcrew,catchingtheessenceoftheir

travels.Ontheship,Sackinteractswithavarietyofpeople,bridgingthegapbetweenpassengers

andcrew.Thisuniqueadvantageenricheshisartisticperspective,similartohowartbridgessocietal

gapsonland.

HisdrawingscatcharchitecturalwonderslikeFlorence'sDuomo,similartoM.C.Escher's

attractivelithographs（平板画）.Sackseesarchitectureasmusicsolidified,eachstructureacharacter

inagrandsymphonyofmovementandform.

AdventureisSack'sconstantcompanion,withmonthsatseaweavingintohislarge,detail-rich

works.FromHimejiCastle9smajestytoSingapore'sMarinaBaymodernity,hispiecesmirrorthe

globe'sarchitecturalwonders.

“Onland,thedrawingsarefixedtothestudio.Ontheship,thestudiotravels,9,Sackthinks.

Hisartworksliterallygrasptheessenceofthevoyage,withtheship'sgentlerockingdeeply

influencingeachline.Throughhisstateroomwindow,sunsetsandsunrisesfromvarioustimezones

adorn（装饰）hisdrawings,makingeachyear'sworkricherthanthelast.t4Ifsmagic!”hesays.

4.WhatisuniqueaboutSack's"artistresidency^^ontheHollandAmericancruiseship?

A.Heonlyoffersdrawingclassestopassengers.

B.Hegiveslecturesaccordingtowheretheshiparrives.

C.HespeciallydrawsscenesfromAfricancities.

D.Hecreatesadvertisingmaterialsforthecruiseline.

5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutBenjaminSack'sviewonarchitecture?

A.Hebelievesitshouldbeuniformandconsistentworldwide.

B.Hethinksitshouldmirrorsocietalstructuresanddivisions.

C.Heseesitasaformoffrozenmusicwithitsowncharacter.

D.Hefocusesentirelyonmodemarchitecturaldesignsinhisartwork.

6.HowdoesSack'sshipboardstudioinfluencehisartwork?

A.Itlimitsthesizeofhisdrawingsduetolackofspace.

B.Itexposeshimtoalimitedvarietyofarchitecturalstyles.

C.Itrestrictshimtousingblackandwhitecoloursinhisartworks.

D.Itallowshimtointegratereal-timeseamotionsintohisartworks.

7.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthetext?

A.Howchallengingitistobecomeanartistatsea.

B.Anartistdrawinghisincredibleadventuresaboardacruiseship.

C.HowtravellinginspiresartisticcreationinBenjaminSack.

D.TherelationshipbetweenarchitectureandSack'sartwork.

【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.B

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艺术家BenjaminSack如何在一艘环球游

轮上设立了他的移动工作室，并利用这个平台来捕捉全球建筑的精髓。

【4题详析】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Heproposedauniqueidea:an"artistresidency^^wherehe'dgive

drawingclassesandlecturestopassengersonartrelatedtotheportsofcall.（他提出了一个独特的

想法：一个“艺术家驻地”，在那里他会给乘客上绘画课，并给他们讲与停靠港口有关的艺术）”

可知，Sack的艺术家驻地根据所停靠的港口而给旅客们提供相关的课程和讲座。故选B。

【5题详析】

推理判断题。根据第四段"Sackseesarchitectureasmusicsolidified,eachstructureacharacterin

agrandsymphonyofmovementandform.（萨克视建筑为凝固的音乐，每一个结构都是乐章和

形式的交响乐中的一个角色）”可知，本杰明・萨克认为建筑是一种有自己特色的凝固音乐。故

选C。

【6题详析】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Hisartworksliterallygrasptheessenceofthevoyage,withtheship's

gentlerockingdeeplyinfluencingeachline.（他的作品从字面上抓住了航行的本质，船的温柔摇

晃深深地影响着每一条线）”可知，萨克的船上工作室使他能够将实时的海洋运动融入他的艺

术作品中。故选D。

【7题详析】

主旨大意题。根据第——段“Forthepastdecade,artistBenjaminSackhasbeennavigatingtheglobe

inanunconventionalstudio-aHollandAmericancruiseship（游轮）.Thisplatformenableshim

todigintoglobalarchitecturaldesigns,whichhethenmasterfullyintegratesintodetailedpen

drawings.（在过去的十年里，艺术家本杰明・萨克一直在一间非传统的工作室里环游世界一

一艘荷美游轮。这个平台使他能够深入研究全球的建筑设计，然后将其巧妙地融入到详细的

笔画中）”以及整篇文章主要介绍了BenjaminSack作为KingNeptune9scourtartist在荷美邮轮

上的艺术家生活、工作方式以及他的作品和创作灵感来源，因此是对这位艺术家的一个概述。

即文章的主要思想是一位艺术家在游轮上描绘他不可思议的冒险经历。故选B。

C

Theyaresix-legged,hairyhomeinvaders（侵略者）thatwillnotdie,nomatterhowhardyou

try.

Cockroaches（蜂螂）areexpertsatsurvivingindoors.Buttheydidnotstartoutthatway.

Arecentstudyusesgeneticstoexaminecockroaches9spreadacrosstheworld,frombeginnings

insoutheastAsiatoEuropeandbeyond.Thefindingscoverthousandsofyearsofcockroachhistory

andsuggestthepestsmayhavespreadacrosstheworldbygettingaridewithanotherspecies:

people.

Researchersstudiedthegenesofover280cockroachesfrom17countriesandsixcontinents.

TheyconfirmedthattheGermancockroach-aspeciesfoundworldwide-hasitsbeginningsin

southeastAsia.ThecreaturelikelyevolvedfromtheAsiancockroacharound2,100yearsago.

ScientistshavelongsuspectedtheGermancockroach'sAsianbeginningssincesimilarspeciesstill

livethere.TheresearchappearedrecentlyinthepublicationProceedingsoftheNationalAcademy

ofSciences.

Thecockroachesthenspreadaroundtheworldontwomajorpaths.Theytravelledwesttothe

MiddleEastabout1,200yearsago,perhapslivinginsoldiers9foodstoragecontainers.Andthey

mayhavegottenonDutchandBritishEastIndiaCompanytradeshipstogettoEuropeabout270

yearsago,thescientists5findingssuggest.

OncethecreaturesarrivedinEurope,inventionslikethesteamengineandindoorplumbing

（管路系统）likelyhelpedtheinsectstravelfurtherandgetusedtolivingindoors,wheretheyare

mostcommonlyfoundtoday.

Researcherssaidexploringhowcockroachesadjustedtopastenvironmentsmayleadtobetter

pestcontrol.Modern-daycockroachesaretoughtokeepawaybecausetheyevolvequicklytoresist

pesticides（杀虫齐（j）,saidthestudy5swriterQianTangofHarvardUniversity.

8.Whatmainmethodwasappliedintherecentstudyoncockroaches?

A.Collectingsampleswidely.B.Referringtolargeamountsofdata.

C.Conductingphysicalobservation.D.Performinggeneticanalysisandcomparison.

9.WheredoestheGermancockroachoriginatefrom?

A.India.B.SoutheastAsia.C.DutchandBritain.D.TheMiddleEast.

10.WhatallowedcockroachestospreadrapidlyaftertheyreachedEurope?

A.Frequentwars.B.Closebusinessdealings.

C.TheuniqueclimateofEurope.D.ThedevelopmentoftheIndustrialRevolution.

11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?

A.Torevealthesignificanceofthisstudy.

B.Toemphasizetheharmfulnessofcockroaches.

C.Toprovidemorecommonsenseaboutcockroaches.

D.Toremindpeoplethestruggleagainstcockroachesiscomplex.

【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对蜂螂的新的研究。

【8题详析】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Arecentstudyusesgeneticstoexaminecockroaches9spreadacrossthe

world,frombeginningsinsoutheastAsiatoEuropeandbeyond.（最近的一项研究利用遗传学研

究了蜂螂在世界各地的传播，从东南亚到欧洲及其他地区）”和第四段"Researchersstudiedthe

genesofover280cockroachesfrom17countriesandsixcontinents.（研究人员研究了来自6大洲

17个国家的280多只螳螂的基因）”可知运用基因技术进行研究。故选Do

【9题详析】

细节理解题。根据第四段“TheyconfirmedthattheGermancockroach一aspeciesfound

worldwide—hasitsbeginningsinsoutheastAsia.（他们证实，德国蜂螂---一种在世界各地都

有发现的物种——起源于东南亚）”可知，德国嶂螂起源于东南亚。故选B。

【10题详析】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“OncethecreaturesarrivedinEurope,inventionslikethesteam

engineandindoorplumbing（管路系统）likelyhelpedtheinsectstravelfurtherandgetusedto

livingindoors,wheretheyaremostcommonlyfoundtoday.（一旦这些生物到达欧洲，像蒸汽机

和室内管道这样的发明很可能帮助这些昆虫走得更远，并习惯了在室内生活，它们今天在室

内最常见）”可知工业革命蒸汽机的发明帮助这些昆虫旅行得更远，加速其传播。故选D。

【11题详析】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Researcherssaidexploringhowcockroachesadjustedtopast

environmentsmayleadtobetterpestcontrol.Modern-daycockroachesaretoughtokeepaway

becausetheyevolvequicklytoresistpesticides（杀虫齐（J）,saidthestudy9swriterQianTangof

HarvardUniversity.（研究人员表示，探索螳螂如何适应过去的环境可能会更好地控制害虫。

该研究的作者、哈佛大学的钱唐说，现代蜂螂很难被赶走，因为它们进化得很快，能够抵抗

杀虫剂）”可知新的研究发现有利于更好地控制蜂螂，本段是为了揭示这个研究的意义。故选

Ao

D

ForfuturehumanstosurvivelongperiodsonMars,growingfoodontheplanetisamust.

Itwouldbetoocostlyandriskytorelyuponrocketdeliveriestomeetthefoodneedsof

colonists.Withthisinmind,scientistsareexploringwaystoimprovespacefarming.

AtWageningenUniversityandResearchintheNetherlands,researchersworkinacontrolled

greenhouse.TheyhaveidentifiedawaythatcouldimprovecropproductioninfactitiousMartian

soil,withdifferentcropsgrowntogether.Themethodiscalled“intercropping”,firstinventedby

ancientMayafarmersinwhatisnowCentralAmerica.Intheirexperiments,theresearchersgrew

cherrytomatoes,peasandcarrotstogetherinsmall,roundcontainers.

Tomatoesgrowninthiswayproducedaboutdoubletheamountoftomatoesgrownalonein

thesameMartiansoil.Thetomatoeswerealsobigger.Theyfloweredandmaturedearlier,gave

morefruitperplantandhadthickerstems（茎）.Thequantityofpeasandcarrotsdidnotincrease

withintercropping.

ThecropsweregrowninMartianregolith,asoilwithnoorganicmatter.Createdbyresearchers

fromtheAmericanspaceagencyNASA,itisanear-perfectphysicalandchemicalmatchtoreal

Martiansoil.

Fornow,humanbasesonMarsareonlyseeninmovies.ButNASA,forexample,isdeveloping

waystosendpeopletoMarsinthe2030s.Intercroppinginvolvesgrowingplantswithproperties

thatcouldhelpeachothergrow.Themethodmakesthebestuseofresourcesincludingwaterand

nutrients.

Theresearcherssaidthetomatoplantsinintercroppingmayhavebenefitedfrombeingclose

tothepeaplants.Thatisbecausethepeasaregoodatturningnitrogen（氮）fromtheair,withthe

helpofbacteriaintroducedintothesoil,intoanimportantnutrient.Thecarrotsproducedfewer

cropsfromintercroppingandthepeashadnochange.Thiswasprobablyduetolackoflight.

Overall,thetomatoes,peasandcarrotsgrewwell,thoughnotaswellasinEarthsoilinthe

samegreenhouse.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"factitious“inParagraph3mean?

A.Man-made.B.Long-standing.C.Well-known.D.Hard-won.

13.Whymaytomatoesgrowwellamongthethreeplants?

A.Becauseoftheroleofpeasplantsinintercropping.

B.Becauseofthesoilrichinorganiccomponents.

C.Becauseoftheiradaptationtotheenvironment.

D.Becauseoftheirlittleneedforsunlight.

14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheresultsofthisexperiment?

A.Doubtful.B.Negative.C.Reserved.D.Optimistic.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.DoesLifeExistonMars?

B.TheUpcomingJourneytoMars

C.NewWaysAreExploredtoImproveSpaceAgricultureonMars

D.Intercropping:aTraditionalAgriculturalCroppingPattern

【答案】12.A13.A14.D15.C

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家为了让未来人类能在火星上长期生

存，在荷兰瓦赫宁根大学研究在人造火星土壤中通过间作的方法种植农作物，以提高太空农

业产量的相关情况。

【12题详析】

词义猜测题。根据第五段“ThecropsweregrowninMartianregolith,asoilwithnoorganicmatter.

CreatedbyresearchersfromtheAmericanspaceagencyNASA,itisanear-perfectphysicaland

chemicalmatchtorealMartiansoil.（这些作物是在火星风化层中种植的，这是一种没有有机物

质的土壤。它是由美国宇航局的研究人员创造的，它的物理和化学成分与真正的火星土壤几

乎完美匹配）”可推知，研究人员是在人造的火星土壤中进行实验，所以“factitious”意思是

“人造的”。选项A（人造的）符合题意，故选Ao

【13题详析】

细节理解题。根据第七段“Theresearcherssaidthetomatoplantsinintercroppingmayhave

benefitedfrombeingclosetothepeaplants.Thatisbecausethepeasaregoodatturningnitrogen

（氮）fromtheair,withthehelpofbacteriaintroducedintothesoil,intoanimportantnutrient.（研究

人员说，间作中的番茄植株可能受益于靠近豌豆植株。这是因为在土壤中引入的细菌的帮助

下，豌豆善于将空气中的氮转化为一种重要的营养物质）”可知，番茄在三种植物中长得好

是因为豌豆在间作中的作用。故选A。

【14题详析】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Overall,thetomatoes,peasandcarrotsgrewwell,thoughnot

aswellasinEarthsoilinthesamegreenhouse.（总的来说，西红柿、豌豆和胡萝卜长得很好，

尽管不如在同一温室的地球土壤中长得好）”可推知，作者认为实验结果是积极的，对其持

乐观态度。故选D。

【15题详析】

主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第二段“Withthisinmind,scientistsareexploringwaysto

improvespacefarming.（考虑到这一点，科学家们正在探索改善太空农业的方法）”可知，文章

主要讲的是探索在火星上改善太空农业的新方法。选项C“探索在火星上改善太空农业的新

方法”为短文的最佳标题。故选C。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

ManagingConflictwithHumour

Humourisapowerfultool.Itbringspeoplecloser,managingconflict,andreducingtension.

16

Makesureyou'rebothinonthejoke.Humourcanhelpyouovercomeconflictonlywhenboth

partiesareinonthejoke.Soifsimportanttobesensitivetotheotherperson.17When

thejokingisone-sidedratherthanmutual（相互的）,itcandamagetherelationship.

Don'tusehumourtocoverupotheremotions.Humourhelpsyoufacechallengesinlife.But

therearetimeswhenhumourisnothealthy.Forexample,sometimesitisusedasacoverfor

avoidingpainfulemotions.18Whenyoudothat,youcreateconfusionandmistrustin

yourrelationships.

19Somefinditeasierthanotherstousehumour,especiallyintensesituations.If

youreffortsaren'tgoingoverwell,startbyusingself-deprecating（自口朝的）humour.Wealllove

peoplewhodon'ttakethemselvestooseriously.Afterall,nobodyisperfectandweallmake

mistakes.So,ifyou'rehavingabadhairday,makeajokeaboutit.Evenifthejokefallsflat,the

onlypersonyouriskoffendingisyourself.

Tapinto（发掘）yourplayfulside.20However,it'simportanttopointoutthatyou

don'tneedtobeacomediantousehumourtomanageconflict.Thepointisn'ttoimpresstheother

person,butsimplytolightenthemood.Therefore,don'tbeafraidtosimplyactsillylikeakid.It

canlowertheotherperson'sdefensesandputyoubothinamorepositivestateofmind.

A.Stophumouriffacedwithtrouble.

B.Developasmartsenseofhumour.

C.Itiseasytounderstandsomejokes.

D.It'sunderstandabletofearrejectionwhenattemptinghumour.

E.Youcanbefunnyaboutthetruth,buthidingthetruthisn'tfunny.

F.Here'showtousehumourtoresolvedisagreementsandstrengthenyourrelationships.

G.Ifheorsheisn'tlikelytoappreciatethejoke,don'tsayordoit,evenififs“allingoodfim”.

【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.D

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何运用幽默来解决冲突和加强人际关系。

【16题详析】

空前“Humourisapowerfultool.Itbringspeoplecloser,managingconflict,andreducing

tension.（幽默是一种强大的工具。它使人们更亲近，管理冲突，减少紧张）”说明了幽默可以管

理冲突，减少紧张，空格处应该说要如何用幽默来处理冲突，F选项“Here，showtousehumour

toresolvedisagreementsandstrengthenyourrelationships.（下面是如何用幽默来解决分歧和力口

强你们的关系。）”说明了接下来要讲如何用幽默来处理分歧，承上启下，符合语境，故选F。

【17题详析】

空前“Makesureyou'rebothinonthejoke.Humourcanhelpyouovercomeconflictonlywhen

bothpartiesareinonthejoke.Soit'simportanttobesensitivetotheotherperson.（要确保对方能

理解你的笑话。只有当双方都能理解笑话时，幽默才能帮助你化解冲突。因此，对他人保持

敏感很重要）”说明了要确保对方能理解你的笑话，要对他人保持敏感，看看他们对你说的笑

话是什么反应，G选项“Ifheorsheisn'tlikelytoappreciatethejoke,don'tsayordoit,evenif

i""allingoodftin”.（如果他或她不太可能欣赏这个笑话，不要说或做，即使这是“好玩的”。）”

说明了如果对方不喜欢这个笑话，那就不要讲了，和上文的“对他人敏感”相承接，故选G。

【18题详析】

空前“Forexample,sometimesitisusedasacoverforavoidingpainfulemotions.（例如，有时它

被用作避免痛苦情绪的掩护）”说明了幽默有时被用作避免痛苦情绪的掩护，空后“Whenyou

dothat,youcreateconfusionandmistrustinyourrelationships.（当你这样做的时候，你会在你们

的关系中制造混乱和不信任）”说明了如果像空格处所说的那么做，就会造成混乱，说明空格

处所说的做法不好，E选项“Youcanbefunnyaboutthetruth,buthidingthetruthisn'tfunny.（你

可以拿事实开玩笑，但隐瞒事实就不好笑了。）”说明了隐瞒事实不好，承上启下，符合语境，

故选Eo

【19题详析】

空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“Somefinditeasierthanotherstousehumour,especiallyintense

situations.Ifyoureffortsaren'tgoingoverwell,startbyusingself-deprecating（自嘲的）humour.

Wealllovepeoplewhodon'ttakethemselvestooseriously.Afterall,nobodyisperfectandweall

makemistakes.So,ifyou'rehavingabadhairday,makeajokeaboutit.Evenifthejokefallsflat,

theonlypersonyouriskoffendingisyourself.（对有些人来说，使用幽默比其他人更容易，尤其

是在紧张的情况下。如果你的努力没有取得好效果，那就从使用自嘲式幽默开始。我们都喜

欢那些不把自己太当回事的人。毕竟，没有人是完美的，我们都会犯错。所以，如果你今天

发型很糟，那就开个玩笑吧。即使这个笑话效果平平，你唯一可能冒犯的人就是你自己）”可

知，本段主要讲的是要培养幽默感，B选项“Developasmartsenseofhumour.（培养聪明的幽

默感。户说明了要培养幽默感，概括了本段主要内容，可作为本段主旨句，故选B。

【20题详析】

空后“However,ifsimportanttopointoutthatyoudon'tneedtobeacomediantousehumourto

manageconflict不过，重要的是要指出，你不需要成为一名喜剧演员才能用幽默来化解冲突）”

中的However表转折，说明你可能会觉得自己讲的笑话不好，可能别人不会喜欢，D选项

“Itsunderstandabletofearrejectionwhenattemptinghumour.（在尝试幽默时害怕被拒绝是可以

理解的。）”说明了在尝试使用幽默的时候害怕被拒绝是可以理解的，和空后的“你不需要成

为一名喜剧演员才能用幽默来化解冲突”相呼应，因此符合语境，故选D。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Bythetimesheturned18,KhadijahWilliamshadattendedtwelveschools.Shehadlivedin

shelters,inparks,andinmotels,neverinapermanent（长久的）residenceformorethanafew

months.Shecouldn'tfitintoschoolsandhadenduredbeing21bystudentsatadozen

schoolswholabeledheras"22

23sinceearlychildhood,Khadijahstruggledallherlifetohideher24from

teachersandfellowstudents.However,academicsprovedtobeawayforhertofind25

inherselfagain.Forinstance,attheageof9,shewas26inthe99thpercentileonastate

exam,andherteachertoldhershewas"27Fromthatmomentforward,Khadijah

28todowhateverittooktokeepherselfinthatcategory.

Bythesecondyearofhighschool,she29thatshecouldnotsucceedingettingthe

30shedreamedofwithoutgettinghelptogobeyondwhathercurrentschoolcouldoffer.

Shetalkedtoteacherswho31herapplytosummercommunitycollegeclassesand

scholarships.Andin11thgrade,whenshe32atJeffersonHighSchool,shedecidedto

completetherestofherhighschoolcareerthere-adecisionthat33takingabuseach

morningat4a.m.andnotgettinghomeuntil11p.m.

Herperseveranceandhardwork34.Whenshepouredthestoryofherlifeintoher

HarvardUniversitycollegeapplication,shewas35soon.

21.A.turneddownB.pickedupC.lookedafterD.laughedat

22.A.differentB.normalC.nobleD.reliable

23.A.HomelessB.HonestC.SelflessD.Comfortable

24.A.ambitionsB.clothesC.circumstancesD.magazines

25.A.peaceB.confidenceC.strengthD.beauty

26.A.placedB.announcedC.challengedD.treated

27.A.organizedB.experiencedC.determinedD.gifted

28.A.affordedB.decidedC.continuedD.promised

29.A.admittedB.announcedC.recognizedD.remarked

30.A.occupationB.educationC.reputationD.condition

31.A.watchedB.heardC.feltD.helped

32.A.registeredB.pointedC.cheatedD.aimed

33.A.avoidedB.meantC.stoppedD.postponed

34.A.gaveawayB.brokedownC.paidoffD.stoodout

35.A.recommendedB.promotedC.acceptedD.employed

【答案】21.D22.A23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.C

30.B31.D32.A33.B34.C35.C

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从小无家可归的KhadijahWilliams通过自己

的辛苦努力，最终被哈佛大学录取的故事。

[21题详析】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：她无法融入学校，忍受着被十几所学校的学生嘲笑，他们给她贴

上''异类"的标签。A.turneddown拒绝；B.pickedup捡起；C.lookedafter照顾；D.laughed

at嘲笑。根据后文“bystudentsatadozenschoolswholabeledher”可知，学生给她贴标签，推

测她在学校被欺负，被嘲笑。故选D。

【22题详析】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她无法融入学校，忍受着被十几所学校的学生嘲笑，他们给她

贴上“异类”的标签。A.different不同的；B.normal正常的；C.noble高尚的；D.reliable可靠

的。根据上文“Shecouldn'tfitintoschools”可知，因为无法融入学校被贴上“异类，的标签。故

选Ao

【23题详析】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Khadijah从小就无家可归，她一生都在努力向老师和同学隐瞒

她的情况。A.Homeless无家可归的；B.Honest诚实的；C.Selfless无私的；D.Comfortable

舒适的o根据上文“Bythetimesheturned18,KhadijahWilliamshadattendedtwelveschools.She

hadlivedinshelters,inparks,andinmotels,neverinapermanentresidenceformorethanafew

months.（至!J18岁时，KhadijahWilliams已经上过12所学校。她住过收容所、公园和汽车旅

馆，从来没有在一个固定住所住过几个月）”可知，Khadijah从小就无家可归，故选A。

【24题详析】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Khadijah从小就无家可归，她一生都在努力向老师和同学隐瞒她

的情况。A.ambitions抱负；B.clothes衣服；C.circumstances情况，环境；D.magazines杂

志o根据上文“Bythetimesheturned18,KhadijahWilliams