湖南省长沙市2025年八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷及答案

八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷一、阅读（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。Beijinghutongsareboththelivingplaceofthelocals(当地人)andanimportantpartofthiscity.Althoughhutongslookthesame,eachonehasitsspecialfeatures(特征).Doyouknowsomespecialhutongs?Anddoyouwanttovisitsomeofthem?DongjiaominxiangisthelongesthutonginBeijing.It's1.552kmlongfromtheeastroadofTian'anmenSquaretoChongwenmenneiStreet.TheoldestlocalslivinginDongjiaominxianghaveonlylivedthereforabout60years,becausethehutonghadbeentheembassyarea(使馆区)oftheOldChinaforover700yearssincetheYuandynasty.Yichidajie(orOneFootStreet)istheshortesthutonginBeijing.Itisonlyabout30mlongfromeasttowestandthereareonlysixstoresonthestreet.NowitisapartofYangmeizhuXiejie.LingjingHutongisthewidesthutonginBeijing.Itis664mlongand32.18minitswidestpart.ItisintheXichengdistrictofBeijing,andliesbetweenFuyouStreetontheeastandXidanNorthStreetonthewest.1．WhatcanwelearnaboutYichidajieaccordingtothepassage?A．It'sonlyonefootwide.B．It'saneast-weststreet.C．Thereare30shopsonit.2．What'stherightorderofthethreehutongsaccordingtotheirlength(长度)?D=DongjiaominxiangY=YichidajieL=LingjingHutongA．Y>L>D B．L>D>Y C．D>L>Y3．Inwhichpartofthemagazinecanweseethematerial?A．Sports. B．Science. C．Travel.阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。IntheSouthChinaSea,thereisagroupofJiaoren,orChinesemermaids(美人鱼),whosetears(眼泪)becomepearls(珍珠)aftertheyfall.TothenorthofKunlunMountains,thereisamonstercalledXiangliu,whichhasnineheadswithhumanfacesbutthebodyofasnake.Thesemagiccreatures(生物)arefromtheancientbookofmythical(神话的)legendsShanHaiJing.ShanHaiJing,alsoknownasTheClassicofMountainsandSeas,issaidtobeatleast2,200yearsold.ItisaboutcreatureandgeographyofChinabeforetheQindynasty.Ithas31,000words,moreorless.Thewholecollectionincludeseighteenparts,talkingaboutmorethan550mountainsand300seas.Italsotellsmanyinterestingstoriesanddescribeslotsofmythicalcreatures.AfamousstoryinthebookisaboutZhuRong,theGodofFire.Heisdescribedashavingabeastlikebodyandahumanface,ridingaroundtheskyontwodragons.WhenhehadabigfightwithGongGong,theGodofWater,ZhuRongwon.Butafterthefight,thehumanworldcameintocompletedarkness.Thenhebroughtfirefromheaven(天堂)totheworldandtaughthumanshowtouseit.Thebookhasinspired(激发；使生灵感)manypeoplelikeLuxunandJKRowling.Therearealsomanybooks,films,gamesandartworksmadefromit.Althoughit'snotclearwhowroteit,ShanHaiJingisanimportantancientbookinthepre-QinperiodofChinaandconsideredoneofthetreasuresofChineseculture.ThestoriesinthebookarenowbeingspreadfromonegenerationtoanotherinChina.Soforyournextbook,whynotchooseShanHaiJing?Itmaysurpriseyou.4．Howdoesthewriterstartthepassage?A．Bytellingastory.B．Bygivingtwoexamples.C．Bycomparingtwofacts.5．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．ThepopularityofShanHaiJing.B．TheimportanceofShanHaiJing.C．TheintroductiontoShanHaiJing.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph3referto?A．Thefire. B．Thedarkness. C．Thewater.7．What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．ToshowthestoryofZhuRong.B．Toinspirepeopletowritebooks.C．TocallonpeopletoreadShanHaiJing.阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。Achallengeoncebecamepopularonsocialmedia.Itstartedwithawildideathatsomeonepostedonline:OnFebruary10th,thepullofgravity(重力)ontheearthwouldchange,allowingabroom(扫把)tostaybalancedwhenyoustooditupright(直立地).Withinhours,peoplealloversocialmediaweretakingthebroomchallenge.Butlaterthechallengeturnedouttobeatrick(骗局).Broomsactuallycanstanduprightonanydayoftheyear.Thechallengeisharmless(无害的).Butexpertssayit'sjustoneexampleofamoreseriousproblemonsocialmedia:misinformation.Everyday,muchmisinformationissharedonsocialmedia.Itcomesinmanyforms:articles,picturesandvideos.Oftenpeoplespread(传播)misinformationforfunortogetlikesorshares.Expertssaymisinformationismosteffective(有效的)whenitmakespeoplehavestrongfeelings.Forexample,ifvideomakestheseerslaughorfeelsadorangry,theymaywanttoshareit.Andthemorethevideohasbeensharedorliked,themorelikelytheothersaretobelieveit—andtoshareitwithoutcheckingthefacts.Withsomuchmisinformationoutthere,itcanbehardtotellwhat'strueandwhat'snot.Youmaynotrealizeit,butyoucanplayapartinstoppingmisinformationfromspreadingoutofcontrol.Thebestwayistobemorecarefulofwhatyouseeonline.Ifsomethingseemsreallystrangeorreallyfunnyortoogoodtobetrue,don'tbelieveit.Usereliablesources(可靠来源),liketrustednewswebsitesor.govsites,tocheckwhatyou'reseeing.Thenifyoustillcan'ttellifsomethingistrue,don'tshareit.8．Whydoesthewritermention(提到)thebroomchallenge?A．Toinviteustotakethechallenge.B．Toexplainwhyitgotpopularonline.C．Togiveusanexampleofmisinformation.9．Whichofthefollowingismorelikelytobeshared?A．Aboringvideo.B．Aneye-catchingpicture.C．Atopiclesslikedbypeople.10．Whatwillhappenwhenavideoissharedmanytimes?A．Peoplemaythinkit'strue.B．Morepeoplewillcheckit.C．Itcan'tmakepeoplehavestrongfeelings.11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．Howmisinformationisspread.B．Howtostopmisinformationfromspreading.C．Whypeopleshouldtellwhat'strueandwhat'snot.二、阅读（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中一项为多余选项。Whenitcomestofire,peoplearealwaysscaredbecausenoonewantstogethurt.12．Hereissomeadviceonhowtosaveyourselfinafire.Whenafirebreaksoutinyourbuilding,youshouldgooutsideasquicklyaspossible.Smokefromthefireisreallybadforpeople.Youshouldstaylowtotheground,becausesmoke(烟雾)naturallyrises.13．Ifyou'reinaroomandit'salreadytoolatetogetout,closethedoorfirst.Thenblockthecracks(堵住裂缝)aroundthedoorwithsomewetclothes.14．Atthesametime,openthewindowsandshoutforhelp.15．Instead,stopwhatyou'redoing.Thenyoushouldliedownontheground,coveryourfacewithyourhandsandroll(翻滚).Thiswillcutofftheairandputoutthefire.It'susefultogettoknowthesepiecesofadvice.Butit'sevenbetterifyouhavesomepractice.Havingafiredrillathomemakeseveryoneabletoseehowtheywilldoinarealfire.A.Ifyourclothescatchfire,don'trun!B.We'dbetternotplaywithmatchesathome.C.Butyoucanfeellessworriedifyouareprepared.D.Andremembertocoveryournoseandmouthontheway.E.Thiscanhelpkeepsmokefromgettingthroughthedoor.三、语言运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Icouldhardlybelievemyears.Ispokeinarush(匆忙地)."Oh,thankyou,sir!"Ilefttheheadmaster'soffice,feeling16．.Ifeltastallasthesky.Iwantedtoshout,jump,ordosomething.Iwouldgetthebeautifulgoldandgreen17．!Onthewayhome,Irememberedhow18．IwaswhenIaskedGrandpaformoneythedaybefore,becauseIwasafraidthatGrandpawoulddisagree.Itoldhimthattherulesweredifferent.Thescholarship(奖学金)jacketwasnot19．thisyear.Ihadtopayfifteendollars,oritwouldbegiventosomeoneelse.IwassosadwhenGrandpa20．topay.Icouldrememberhiswords."Ifyoupayforit,it'snotascholarshipjacket,isit?TellyourheadmasterIwillnotpaythefifteendollars."Grandpadidn'tcheatme.Icouldn't21．totellGrandpaandranstraighttothefield.ButwhenIsawhim,Isloweddown.Ijoinedhiminpullingupthegrasswithmyhands.AfterIhadalittlepile(堆)ofgrass,Istoodup,22．himandsaid,"I'mgettingthescholarshipjacket,Grandpa.That'safterItoldtheheadmasterwhatyousaid.Hesaidyouare23．.Thescholarshipjacketisformy24．grades.Idon'thavetopayforit."Grandpadidn'tsayanything.Hejustsmiled.Afterawhile,hesaid,"Bettergoandseeifwecan25．dinner."Igavehimabigsmileandranbacktothehouse.16．A．angry B．great C．tired17．A．grass B．jacket C．field18．A．nervous B．cheerful C．lonely19．A．expensive B．perfect C．free20．A．refused B．offered C．planned21．A．wait B．expect C．decide22．A．taught B．moved C．faced23．A．funny B．right C．polite24．A．highest B．cleverest C．clearest25．A．partwith B．comeupwith C．helpwith四、语言运用（共两节，满分25分）第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Akid'sbusinessThirteen-year-oldPorterSchapirobeganbaking(烘焙)atayoungage.In2020,heevenstartedhisownbusiness."SinceIwas6yearsold,I26．(love)baking,"saidPorter."Ilovemakingcarrotcake.Iwanttobeabaker27．havemyownstorewhenIgrowup."Porter'sdad'sbestfriend,MarkBistline,lovedtoeathiscarrotcake.Whenhewassickinhospital,Portertriedtohelpinanywaypossible,includingbakinghimhisfavoritedessert.OneofMark's28．(nurse)triedapieceofthecakeandtoldPorterthatheshouldsellit.ThenPorterstartedabusinesscalledNothingButCarrotCake.Hefirstmadearound200cakes.Hesoldthemtohisfriendsatschoolandtheirfamily,hisneighbors,andteachers.Porter'solderbrothermadealogo(标志)forhisbusinessandmanypeoplelovedit.Portermadealotofmoney.However,hegaveawaythemoneyinstead29．keepingit.Hewasproudof30．(he).Manymonthswentbyandoneday,Porter'sdad31．(find)apostbyGrannySquibb'sOrganicIcedTeaforkidstodrawtheirownflavor(口味).Heprinteditoutforhisson,andPortercreated"Porter'sPeach".Hisdadsharedthepictureonline.ItinterestedtheownersofthecompanywhoheardaboutPorterbehindNothingButCarrotCake.Theywanted32．(do)somethingmeaningfullikehim,sotheyreachedouttohim.Porter,33．youngboy,wasinsurprisewhenknowingthecompanywouldliketohavetheirnextflavorafterhim."Porter'sPeach"cameoutinJune,2022.Thelabel(标签)onthebottle,shownontheback,hasapictureofPorter'sdrawingandidea.Italsohasashortdescription(描述)ofhimandhisbusiness."It'ssocoolnowwhenIgointostoresandsee‘Porter'sPeach'namedafterme,"Portersaid."Ifeel34．(real)happy.AndIthinkI'mthe35．(lucky)boyintheworld."五、读写综合（共两节，满分25分）第一节简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。"VegetableBasketLine"InsouthwestChina'sChongqing,moresubwaylinesarerollingout(延伸)totheruralareas(农村区域)aroundthecity,particularly(特别是)Line4.Knownasthe"VegetableBasketLine",Line4connectsthecity'snortheastShichuantowntothecitycenter.Ithasatotallengthof32.8kilometersand15stations.Sinceitsopeningin2022,ithasofferedlocalfarmersnearthetownmorewaystoselltheirvegetables.Thevegetablesusedtobesoldatlowpricesinthetown.Butnowtheycanbesoldathigherpricesinthecity.Everymorningaround6o'clock,theShichuantownstationiscrowdedwithfarmers.Theycarrybaskets(篮子)filledwithfreshvegetablesontheirbacks,oruseshoulderpoles(肩扛杆)tocarrythebaskets.Thestationusedtoopenat6:15am.Tohelpthefarmers,nowitopensfiveminutesearliereveryday.InChongqing,peopleovertheageof65cantakethesubwayforfree.Theopeningofthissubwaylinehelpstheelderlynotonlysa