安徽省阜阳市太和县太和中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题（解析版）

太和中学高二年级教学质量检测试卷英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：人教版必修第一册~选择性必修第四册。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Asecretary.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.GeorgeisclevererthanTom.B.GeorgeworksharderthanTom.C.George’sgradesarebetterthanTom’s.3Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Toputoffameeting.B.Toseekconfirmation.C.Toextendaninvitation.4.Howwillthemangototheairporttomorrow?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.5.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Attendaparty.B.Chairameeting.C.Gotothetheatre.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthesongtheboyislisteningto?A.Unfashionable.B.Noisy.C.Amazing.7.Whichsongdoesthewomansuggestplaying?A.MyLove.B.YesterdayOnceMore.C.MyHeartWillGoOn.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoesthemanprobablywanttogoforvacation?A.AnEnglishclub.B.Aquietisland.C.Acrowdedbeach.9.Whatisthewomaninterestedinwhenonholiday?A.Meetingpeople.B.PractisingEnglish.C.Takingphotos.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A.Theyaretourguides.B.TheycomefromtheUSA.C.Theyhavedifferentideasabouttraveling.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdidthemanprobablyfeelatnoon?A.Tiredandhungry.B.Relaxedandcalm.C.Pleasedandproud.12.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Makealotoffriends.B.QuittheStudents’Union.C.Finishhishomework.13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Strangers.C.Classmates.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisnewneighbourhood?A.Thereisnoheavytraffic.B.Thereisnostorenearby.C.Thereisslightairpollution.15.Howlongdoesittakethemantodrivetowork?A.About20minutes.B.About30minutes.C.About40minutes.16.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atabusstation.C.Inanoffice.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whereisthespeakeroriginallyfrom?A.India.B.Japan.C.America.18.HowoldwasthespeakerwhenhemovedtoVenezuela?A.16.B.19.C.20.19.Whatwasthespeaker’smajorintheuniversity?A.Spanisheducation.B.Englishliterature.C.Worldhistory.20.Whatdoesthespeakerlovedoinginhisfreetime?A.Playingfootball.B.Writing.C.Cycling.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheGuideonYourTriptoCopenhagenRegularlyrankedamongthehappiestplacesglobally,Copenhagenisapleasantplaceforvisitorsandresidentsalike.PlanningYourTripBestTimetoVisit:Whilealmosteverymonthoftheyearhasitsownappeal,thebesttimetovisitCopenhagenisMaythroughSeptember.OneofCopenhagen’smostattractivepartsisthatevenduringthepeakmonthsofJulyandAugust,thecityisnevercrowdedwithpeoplebutfulloflifeandenergy.GettingAround:BikingisbyfarthemostcommonwaytogetaroundtheflatstreetsofCopenhagen.Downloadabike-shareapporrentabikefromyourhotel.Thedriverless,eco-friendlyMetro,busesandwaterbusescovermostofthecity.TravelTip:Ifyouhavedata,pre-loadyourphonewithafewkeyapps,likeDonkeyRepublicforquickbikerentalsandMobilbilletterforbuyingticketsforpublictransportation.ThingstoDoCopenhagen’smuseumscovereverythingfromancientVikingstoAndyWarholandareadrawformanyvisitors.Shoppingtrips,canaltoursandlunchesaroundtownfillthedayswhiletoptables,excellentcocktailsandlivemusicoccupythenights.CultureandCustomsTheDanes(丹麦人)arepoliteandvaluearrivingontime(Seriously,don’tbelatefordinnerreservations!),buttheyarenotoverlywarmtopeopleoutsideoftheirtight-knitgroupsoffriends.Unlessyou’reatafive-starrestaurant,expecttoflagdownamemberofthewaitstaffatleastonce,andtheyalmostcertainlywon’tstopbytomakesureyou’reenjoyingyourmeal.Ifyou’dlikeanotherglassofwineortoordersomethingelse,don’tbeshy.Tippingisnotexpected.1.WhenisthebesttimetovisitCopenhagen?A.June. B.April. C.October. D.December.2.WhatcanpeopledoonMobilbilletter?A.Rentbikes. B.Buybustickets.C.Listentomusic. D.Ordermeals.3.WhatcanbelearntabouttheDanes?A.Theyalwaystipthewaiters. B.Theyareoverlywarmtostrangers.C.Theyoftenarriveontimeforameeting. D.Theyoftenbehaveimpolitely.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了哥本哈根之旅的指南。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据PlanningYourTrip部分“BestTimetoVisit:Whilealmosteverymonthoftheyearhasitsownappeal,thebesttimetovisitCopenhagenisMaythroughSeptember.(最佳游览时间：虽然一年中几乎每个月都有其独特魅力，但游览哥本哈根的最佳时间是5月到9月)”可知，去哥本哈根旅游最好的时间是从5月到9月。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据PlanningYourTrip部分“TravelTip:Ifyouhavedata,pre-loadyourphonewithafewkeyapps,likeDonkeyRepublicforquickbikerentalsandMobilbilletterforbuyingticketsforpublictransportation.(旅行小贴士：如果有数据网络，提前在手机上预装几个关键应用程序，比如用于快速租赁自行车的DonkeyRepublic和购买公共交通车票的Mobilbilletter)”可知，人们可以在Mobilbilletter上买公交车车票。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据CultureandCustoms部分“TheDanesarepoliteandvaluearrivingontime(Seriously,don’tbelatefordinnerreservations!)(丹麦人彬彬有礼，且重视准时(说真的，晚餐预约别迟到！))”可推断，丹麦人见面通常会准时到达。故选C。BSouthKoreanpoetandnovelistHanKangwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureThursdayforapoeticandunsettlingbodyofworkthattheNobelcommitteesaid“dealswithhistoricalpainsandexposestheweaknessofhumanlife”.Aslow-burninginternationalliterarystarwhohaswonmultipleawardsinSouthKoreaandEurope,HanisthefirstAsianwomanandthefirstSouthKoreanwritertowintheNobelLiteraturePrize.Shewasawardedforbooks,includingTheVegetarianandHumanActs,whichexplorethepainofbeinghumanandthescars(伤疤)ofKorea’sunstablehistory.NobelLiteratureCommitteememberAnna-KarinPalmsaid,“Hanwritesaboutpainandloss,whetherindividualorcollective,withthesamepityandcare.Andthis,Ithink,issomethingthatisquiteremarkable.”Han,53,wontheInternationalBookerPrizeforfictiontranslatedintoEnglishin2016forTheVegetarian,anunsettlingnovelinwhichawoman’sdecisiontostopeatingmeathasdisastrousresults.WorkstranslatedintoEnglishalsoincludeGreekLessons—abouttherelationshipbetweenawomanwhocannolongerspeakandateacherwhoislosinghissight,HumanActswhichisbasedonthereal-lifekillingofpro-democracyprotestersinHan’shomecityofGwangjuin1980andTheWhiteBook,apoeticnovelthatdrawsonthedeathofHan’soldersistershortlyafterbirth.HumanActswonItaly’sMalapartePrizein2017andTheWhiteBookwasanInternationalBookerPrizefinalistin2018.Hermostrecentnovel,WeDoNotPart,isduetobepublishedinEnglishnextyear.IttouchesonachapterinSouthKorea’s20th-centuryhistory,whichsawthecountryendurewar,thedivisionoftheKoreanpeninsulaanddictatorship.Thenoveldealswitha1948—1949uprisingonJeju,anislandsouthoftheKoreanmainlandinwhichthousandsofpeoplewerekilled.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collective”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Shared. B.Special. C.Private. D.Selected.5.WhichofHanKang’sworkswontheInternationalBookerPrizein2016?A.HumanActs. B.TheWhiteBook. C.TheVegetarian. D.GreekLessons.6.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.TheculturalelementsinHanKang’sworks.B.ThethemesexploredinHanKang’sworks.C.TheawardsthatHanKang’sworkshavewon.D.ThebriefintroductionofsomeofHanKang’sworks.7.WhatcanbelearnedaboutWeDoNotPartbyHanKangaccordingtothetext?A.Itisalight-heartedstory. B.Itdealswithhistoricalevents.C.Itfocusesonloveandromance. D.Itismorepopularthanherpreviousworks.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了韩国作者韩江以及其著作情况。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Hanwritesaboutpainandloss,whetherindividualor(韩江以同样的同情和关怀，描写了个人)”可知，or表示选择关系，说明前后的单词意思相反，与individual（个人）对应的是“集体”或“共享”。故划线词意思是“共享的”。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Han,53,wontheInternationalBookerPrizeforfictiontranslatedintoEnglishin2016forTheVegetarian,anunsettlingnovelinwhichawoman’sdecisiontostopeatingmeathasdisastrousresults.(2016年，53岁韩江凭借《素食者》获得国际布克奖英译小说奖，这是一部令人不安的小说，讲述了一位女性停止吃肉的决定带来了灾难性的后果)”可知，《素食者》获得了2016年国际布克奖。故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“WorkstranslatedintoEnglishalsoincludeGreekLessons—abouttherelationshipbetweenawomanwhocannolongerspeakandateacherwhoislosinghissight,HumanActswhichisbasedonthereal-lifekillingofpro-democracyprotestersinHan’shomecityofGwangjuin1980andTheWhiteBook,apoeticnovelthatdrawsonthedeathofHan’soldersistershortlyafterbirth.(被翻译成英文的作品还包括《失语者》——讲述的是一名失语妇女和一名失明教师之间的关系；《少年来了》——改编自1980年在韩的家乡光州发生的民主抗议者被杀害的真实事件；《白》——一部以韩的姐姐出生后不久死亡为题材的诗歌小说)”可知，第5段的主要内容是韩江作品探讨的主题。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hermostrecentnovel,WeDoNotPart,isduetobepublishedinEnglishnextyear.IttouchesonachapterinSouthKorea’s20th-centuryhistory,whichsawthecountryendurewar,thedivisionoftheKoreanpeninsulaanddictatorship.Thenoveldealswitha1948—1949uprisingonJeju,anislandsouthoftheKoreanmainlandinwhichthousandsofpeoplewerekilled.(她的最新小说《不做告别》将于明年英文版出版。它触及了韩国20世纪历史上的一章，这个国家经历了战争、朝鲜半岛的分裂和独裁统治。这部小说讲述了1948年至1949年发生在韩国南部岛屿济州岛的一场起义，数千人在这场起义中丧生)”可知，《不做告别》是关于历史事件的。故选B。CIt’sarealityshowaboutalovingcouplewaitingtowelcometheirnewarrival,watchedbythousandsoffans.ButthestarsofRoyalCam,nowinits10thseason,aren’tcelebritiesinlovebutnorthernroyalalbatrosses—seabirdsfromNewZealandwiththree-meterwingspans(翼展).The24-hourlivestreamofthebirds’breeding(繁殖)seasonatTaiaroaHeadonNewZealand’sSouthIslandwasestablishedtoraiseawarenessofthethreatenedspecies,numbersofwhichhavegrownslowlyintimethankstocarefulprotectionefforts.Millionshavewatchedthestreamsinceitbeganin2016.“Beforethat,itwasverydifficulttofollowanalbatross’lifecyclebecausethey’reonlyonland15%ofthetime,”saidSharynBroni,aranger(护林员)intheDepartmentofConservationwhohasworkedwiththebirdsfornearly30years.“You’dhavetotravelalongwaytoseeone.”RoyalCam’spopularityhasexplodedinrecentyears.OnabusycommentspagehostedbyNewZealand’sDepartmentofConservation,fanstrackthebirds’locationsonanapp,discussinterestingmomentsandevencreateartinspiredbythealbatrosses.Unlikehumanrealityshows,dramaisrare.Royalalbatrossesusuallymateforlife.Rangersselectingthebirdstofolloweachyearavoidanythingatissue:nofirst-timeparentsandnofight-lovingpersonalities.Thisyear’sstarsareRLK,a12-year-oldmale,andGLG,a14-year-oldfemale,whohaveraisedtwochicksbefore.Theirnamescomefromthecolorsonbandsthatrangersattachtotheirlegs.Everythinghappensslowlyintheshowandthat’swhatmanyfansenjoyaboutit.Cloudsdriftby,shipspassinthedistanceandthesunsets,turningtheskypinkandpeach.Duringtheincubation(孵化)seasoninJanuary,thealbatrossessitontheireggs.Butthereareoccasionalmomentsofdrama,withalbatrosscrashlandingsandmatingdances.Andperhapsthemostexcitingaspectistheprogressthatthisgrouphasmade.Whenprotectionmeasuresbeganin1937,therewasjustonematingpairhere,butnowtherearemorethan60.8.Whatcanwesayaboutthealbatrossesaccordingtothetext?A.Effortstoprotectthemhaveworked. B.Theyreproduceveryquickly.C.Theycanbeeasilyfoundinmanyplaces. D.Theirnaturalhomehasbeenlost.9.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph5?A.Albatrossesareaspopularashumancelebrities.B.Thealbatrossesfortheshowarecarefullyselected.C.Long-termalbatrossmatingdrivestheshow’sviewership.D.Albatrosses’namesaretoocomplexforfanstoremember.10.WhydomanyfansliketheRoyalCam?A.Itsavesmanyinjuredbirds. B.Itprovidesusefultipsonbird-watching.C.It’sfullofdramaticmoments. D.Itshowsapeacefullife.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLifeCycleofRoyalAlbatrosses. B.TheRareAlbatrossesofNewZealand.C.Albatross-themedArtandFanInteraction. D.APopularRealityShowStarringAlbatrosses.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过24小时直播新西兰北方皇家信天翁繁殖季的RoyalCam节目，及其对保护这一濒危物种的意义和它受到全球观众喜爱的情况。8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The24-hourlivestreamofthebirds’breeding(繁殖)seasonatTaiaroaHeadonNewZealand’sSouthIslandwasestablishedtoraiseawarenessofthethreatenedspecies,numbersofwhichhavegrownslowlyintimethankstocarefulprotectionefforts.(新西兰南岛泰阿罗阿角的鸟类繁殖季24小时直播节目得以设立，旨在提高人们对这种濒危物种的保护意识。由于采取了精心的保护措施，该物种的数量随着时间的推移已在缓慢增长)”可知，保护信天翁的努力已经取得了成效，它们的数量在缓慢增长。这说明保护信天翁的努力有了成效。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Rangersselectingthebirdstofolloweachyearavoidanythingatissue:nofirst-timeparentsandnofight-lovingpersonalities.(每年挑选要跟踪观察的信天翁的护林员会避开任何有问题的情况：不选初次当父母的信天翁，也不选有好斗习性的信天翁)”可推断，节目中展示的信天翁是经过精心挑选的。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Everythinghappensslowlyintheshowandthat’swhatmanyfansenjoyaboutit.Cloudsdriftby,shipspassinthedistanceandthesunsets,turningtheskypinkandpeach.Duringtheincubation(孵化)seasoninJanuary,thealbatrossessitontheireggs.(在这个节目中，一切都缓缓发生，而这正是许多粉丝喜欢它的地方。云朵飘过，船只从远处驶过，夕阳西下，把天空染成了粉色和桃红色。在一月份的孵化季节，信天翁们就卧在它们的蛋上)”可知，许多粉丝喜欢RoyalCam是因为它展示了一种平静的生活。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合文章第一段“It’sarealityshowaboutalovingcouplewaitingtowelcometheirnewarrival,watchedbythousandsoffans.ButthestarsofRoyalCam,nowinits10thseason,aren’tcelebritiesinlovebutnorthernroyalalbatrosses—seabirdsfromNewZealandwiththree-meterwingspans(翼展).(这是一档关于一对恩爱的“伴侣”等待迎接新生命降临的真人秀节目，吸引了数千名粉丝观看。不过，如今已播出到第十季的RoyalCam中的主角并非热恋中的名人，而是北方皇家信天翁——一种来自新西兰、翼展达三米的海鸟)”可知，文章主要介绍了一档以信天翁为主角的真人秀节目RoyalCam，讲述了该节目的背景、受欢迎程度以及节目内容等。因此，D选项“APopularRealityShowStarringAlbatrosses(一档受欢迎的信天翁真人秀节目)”最符合文章主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选D。DMothersoftensaythatpregnancy(怀孕)isatimeunlikeanyother—boththebodyandthebrainchangeinnewandsometimesscaryways.Andanewstudyhastriedtofindoutexactlyhowmuchofachangewomen’sbrainsexperienceduringpregnancyandtheearlystagesofmotherhood.Accordingtoaninternationalresearchteam,94%ofpregnantpeople’sgraymatterexperiencesareductioninvolumeofupto5%.“Pregnancytransformsthebrain,”thestudy’sseniorauthorOscarVilarroyasaid.Graymatterisfoundthroughoutourcentralnervoussystem,whichisinthebrainandinthespinalcord(脊髓).TheClevelandClinicsaysgraymatterplaysasignificantroleinallaspectsofhumanfunctioning,addingthatitisessentialforcontrollingmovement,memoryandemotions.Toexplorethechangesingraymatterduringpregnancy,theresearcherslookedat127first-timemothersinSpain.Theyweretrackedfrombeforetheybecamepregnanttosixmonthsaftergivingbirth,andhadfiveMRIscanstolookattheirbrainstructureatdifferentstagesofpregnancyandmotherhood.Theirhormone(激素)levelswerealsomeasured,andtheycompletedquestionnairesabouttheirwellbeing.ThestudyfoundthatgraymattervolumechangesinaU-shapedpattern.Sovolumesdecreasedby2.7%duringthesecondthree-monthperiodofpregnancy,and5%justbeforebirth,butbegantoincreaseagaininthesixmonthsaftergivingbirth.Variationsinhormonelevelswereidentifiedasthelikelycauseforthechangesingraymatter.Therecoveryingraymattervolumeaftergivingbirthwasassociatedwithgreatermother-babyattachment,Vilarroyasaid,althoughthevolumedidn’trecovertopre-pregnancylevel.Thisrecoveryalongwiththelevelofattachmenttothebabyisalsoinfluencedbythestateofthemother’smentalhealth,thestudyfound.Theresearcherssaidthatunderstandingmoreaboutthewaywomen’sbrainschangeduringpregnancyiscrucial,becauseitallowsexpertstobettersupportnewmothers.12.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutgraymatterfromthetext?A.Itonlyexistsinthebrain. B.Itsvolumeisfixedinourbody.C.Itisimportantforhumanfunctions. D.Itsmainroleistoadjusthormonelevels.13.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Bytrackingwomenatdifferentstages. B.Byanalyzingquestionnairesfromfathers.C.Byobservingthecolorofthebabies’eyes. D.Bytestingpregnantwomenandtheirbabies.14.Aftergivingbirth,thegraymatterofnewmothers________.A.continuestoreduce B.startstoincreaseC.remainsthesameasatbirth D.returnstopre-pregnancyvolume15.Whatmighthappenifanewmotherhaspoormentalhealth?A.Herbabymaygetsickeasily. B.Hermemorymaysufferasharpdecrease.C.Herattachmenttothebabymaybeweak. D.Herhormonelevelswillrisequickly.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是孕期和初为人母期间女性大脑灰质体积的变化及其对母婴关系的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheClevelandClinicsaysgraymatterplaysasignificantroleinallaspectsofhumanfunctioning,addingthatitisessentialforcontrollingmovement,memoryandemotions.(克利夫兰诊所表示，灰质在人类功能的各个方面都发挥着重要作用，并补充说，它对控制运动、记忆和情绪至关重要)”可知，灰质对人体机能很重要。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Theyweretrackedfrombeforetheybecamepregnanttosixmonthsaftergivingbirth,andhadfiveMRIscanstolookattheirbrainstructureatdifferentstagesofpregnancyandmotherhood.(研究人员从她们怀孕前到分娩后六个月对她们进行了跟踪，并对她们在怀孕和做母亲的不同阶段的大脑结构进行了五次核磁共振扫描)”可知，研究人员通过追踪女性在不同阶段的情况来进行这项研究。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“ThestudyfoundthatgraymattervolumechangesinaU-shapedpattern.Sovolumesdecreasedby2.7%duringthesecondthree-monthperiodofpregnancy,and5%justbeforebirth,butbegantoincreaseagaininthesixmonthsaftergivingbirth.(研究发现，大脑灰质体积的变化呈u型曲线，即在怀孕的第二三个月，灰质体积下降了2.7%，在分娩前5%下降，但在分娩后的六个月又开始增加)”以及第六段“Therecoveryingraymattervolumeaftergivingbirthwasassociatedwithgreatermother-babyattachment,Vilarroyasaid,althoughthevolumedidn’trecovertopre-pregnancylevel.(Vilarroya说，分娩后灰质体积的恢复与母子关系的增强有关，尽管灰质体积没有恢复到怀孕前的水平)”可推断，新手妈妈产后的灰质开始增加，但并未完全恢复到孕前水平。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Thisrecoveryalongwiththelevelofattachmenttothebabyisalsoinfluencedbythestateofthemother'smentalhealth,thestudyfound.(研究发现，这种恢复以及对婴儿的依恋程度也受到母亲心理健康状况的影响)”可推断，如果一位新手妈妈心理健康状况不佳，她对宝宝的依恋可能会很弱。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theholidaysareuponus,andastheendoftheyeardrawsevercloser,millionsofpeoplewillvisitfriendsandrelatives.___16___,especiallyifyourguestsdon’tknowhowtoreadbodylanguageandrefusetoleave.PrepareyourhouseproperlyinadvanceToensurethatyoucanrelaxandenjoythetimewithyourguests,takethetimetoguest-proofyourhomebeforethecrowdsarrive.Forexample,checkthattheoutdoorlightingisworkingandsufficienttolightthewayfromparkingareastothefrontdoor.___17___.Protectthefloorswithsparerugs,waterproofmats,andboottrayssoyourguestsdon’truinyourfloorswithrainandsnow.___18___Yourhomeisyourcastle,andyouobviouslygettosettherules.Ifsomethingisimportanttoyou,forexample,askinggueststoremovetheirshoes,youshouldmakeitveryclearsothere’snomisunderstanding.Don’tbeafraidtoplaceasignintheentrywaywithalistofhouserulesifthey’reimportanttoyou.ProtectyourprivatespacesJustbecauseyou’reopeningyourhomeandinvitingpeopleinsidedoesn’tmeantheyautomaticallyhavetherunoftheplace.Whilecertainareasofthehomearegoingtobeconsideredopentoyourguests,youcandefinitelymarkcertainareasofyourhomeasprivateandyoushould.Yourownbedroom,themasterbathroom,andanyroomyoudon’twantpeopletoenterforanyreasoncanbemarked.___19___.SecureyourvaluablesIt’sdoubtfulthatyourrelativesordearfriendshavecometoyourholidaygatheringaspartofawell-designedplantorobyou.___20___—stuffgetsknockedover,pushedovertheedgeofatableordresser,orpickedupandputdowninanunexpectedspot.Topreventanymisunderstandingsorpropertyloss,walkthroughthehousebeforeguestsarriveandputawayanythingyou’drathernotlose.A.ButaccidentshappenB.CleanupthebathroomsC.ShowtherulesthatareimportanttoyouD.HostingfriendsandrelativescanbedifficultE.Clearsnowandicefromsteps,walkwaysandporchesF.Don’tbeafraidtolockadoororputupasigntomakethisveryclearG.Guestsaregoingtouseyourbathroomsandprobablywanderinandoutofthekitchen【答案】16.D17.E18.C19.F20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在节假日期间，如何准备和接待来访的朋友和亲戚，确保自己能够放松并享受与他们共度的时光。【16题详解】根据下文“especiallyifyourguestsdon’tknowhowtoreadbodylanguageandrefusetoleave.(尤其是如果你的客人不懂得解读肢体语言，还拒绝离开。)”可知，招待亲朋好友可能会有困难。选项D“Hostingfriendsandrelativescanbedifficult(招待亲朋好友可能会很困难)”符合语境，引出下文。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“checkthattheoutdoorlightingisworkingandsufficienttolightthewayfromparkingareastothefrontdoor(检查室外照明是否正常，是否足以照亮从停车场到前门的路)”以及下文“Protectthefloorswithsparerugs,waterproofmats,andboottrayssoyourguestsdon’truinyourfloorswithrainandsnow.(用备用地毯、防水地垫和鞋架保护地板，这样你的客人就不会用雨雪弄脏你的地板)”可知，此处应是关于室外其他准备工作的内容。选项E“Clearsnowandicefromsteps,walkwaysandporches(清理台阶、人行道和门廊上的冰雪)”符合室外准备工作的逻辑。故选E。【18题详解】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容；根据下文“Yourhomeisyourcastle,andyouobviouslygettosettherules.Ifsomethingisimportanttoyou,forexample,askinggueststoremovetheirshoes,youshouldmakeitveryclearsothere’snomisunderstanding.Don’tbeafraidtoplaceasignintheentrywaywithalistofhouserulesifthey’reimportanttoyou.(你的家就是你的城堡，显然你可以制定规则。如果有什么对你来说很重要，比如要求客人脱鞋，你应该明确说明，以免产生误解。如果这些规则对你很重要，不要害怕在入口处张贴一份家规清单。)”可知，要说明主人可以在家里制定自己的规则，并让客人明确知道。选项C“Showtherulesthatareimportanttoyou(展示对你来说重要的规则)”能概括本段内容，适合作为小标题。故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“Yourownbedroom,themasterbathroom,andanyroomyoudon’twantpeopletoenterforanyreasoncanbemarked.(你自己的卧室、主浴室，以及任何你出于某种原因不想让别人进入的房间都可以做标记。)”可知，上文指出要让客人清楚这些是私人区域。选项F“Don’tbeafraidtolockadoororputupasigntomakethisveryclear(不要害怕锁门或张贴标志来明确这一点)”符合语境，进一步说明如何让客人明确私人区域。故选F。【20题详解】根据上文“It’sdoubtfulthatyourrelativesordearfriendshavecometoyourholidaygatheringaspartofawell-designedplantorobyou.(你的亲戚或挚友不太可能是精心策划来你家聚会并抢劫你的)”以及下文“stuffgetsknockedover,pushedovertheedgeofatableordresser,orpickedupandputdowninanunexpectedspot.(东西可能会被碰倒、从桌子或梳妆台上推落，或者被拿起后放在意想不到的地方)”可知，虽然不太可能是故意抢劫，但意外可能会发生。选项A“Butaccidentshappen(但意外会发生)”符合语境，引出下文关于意外情况的描述。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnNovember29,aterriblesnowstormhitNewYorkStateRoute5.Manydriversandpassengerswerevery___21___becausetheywere___22___ontheroad.Amongthem,a64-year-oldwoman’ssituationwasextremely___23___.ShewasonherwaytoClevelandClinicinOhioforahearttransplantsurgery(移植手术).Atthattime,shewasusingabattery-powereddevicetokeepherheart___24___Whenthebadweatherstoppedher___25___,herhusbandaskedanurseattheclinicforhelp.Thenursethen___26___calledtheNewYorkStatePolice.Thestatepolicecarriedouta(n)___27___rescue.Itwasadifficultprocesswithmany___28___,includingaplaneride.First,thepolicetookthewomantothePortlandFireDepartmentandthentoWestfieldMemorialHospital.Afterthat,theytransportedhertotheJamestownAirportwherethe___29___wasbetter.Finally,shewasflowntoClevelandClinicbyplane.Thepolicealsopostedashortmessageonline.They___30___somephotosofcarsandtrucksstuckinthesnow.They___31___peopletostayofftheroadsforsafetywhiletheworkerswere___32___theroads.It’sreally___33___thatthepatient’sdaughterleftacommenttothankthepolice.Shesaidwordscouldnevershowhow___34___herfamilywas.Shewasreallythankfulthatthepolice___35___hermomandhelpedhergetachanceforanewheart.21.A.calm B.afraid C.ashamed D.relieved22.A.asleep B.injured C.alone D.trapped23.A.normal B.urgent C.simple D.funny24.A.working B.resting C.failing D.shaking25.A.adventure B.routine C.journey D.project26.A.slowly B.quietly C.carefully D.immediately27.A.amazing B.alarming C.disappointing D.confusing28A.targets B.steps C.materials D.decorations29.A.food B.air C.weather D.accommodation30.A.setaside B.tookdown C.lookedup D.putup31.A.reminded B.forced C.encouraged D.ordered32.A.building B.repairing C.painting D.cleaning33.A.heart-warming B.ear-pleasing C.time-consuming D.mind-blowing34.A.angry B.sorry C.grateful D.regretful35.A.cured B.saved C.abandoned D.ignored【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.A25.C26.D27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了暴风雪中警方营救一位等待心脏移植的病人的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多司机和乘客都非常害怕，因为他们被困在路上。A.calm冷静的；B.afraid害怕的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.relieved宽慰的。根据前文“aterriblesnowstormhitNewYorkStateRoute5”可知，暴风雪袭击了公路，司机和乘客被困在路上，因此他们感到害怕。故选B。22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多司机和乘客都非常害怕，因为他们被困在路上。A.asleep睡着的；B.injured受伤的；C.alone独自的；D.trapped被困的。根据前文“aterriblesnowstormhitNewYorkStateRoute5”可知，暴风雪导致司机和乘客被困在路上。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中，一名64岁妇女的情况极为紧急。A.normal正常的；B.urgent紧急的；C.simple简单的；D.funny有趣的。根据后文“ShewasonherwaytoClevelandClinicinOhioforahearttransplantsurgery”可知，这名妇女急需进行心脏移植手术，因此这是情况紧急。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，她正在使用一个电池供电的设备来维持心脏的工作。A.working工作；B.resting休息；C.failing失败；D.shaking摇晃。根据前文“abattery-powereddevice”可知，这个设备是用来维持心脏工作的。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当恶劣的天气阻止了她的旅程时，她的丈夫向诊所的护士求助。A.adventure冒险；B.routine常规；C.journey旅程，行程；D.project项目。根据前文“ShewasonherwaytoClevelandClinicinOhioforahearttransplantsurgery”可知，这名妇女正在前往诊所的途中，因此恶劣的天气阻止了她的行程。故选C。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：护士立即打电话给纽约州警方。A.slowly缓慢地；B.quietly安静地；C.carefully仔细地；D.immediately立即地。根据后文“Thestatepolicecarriedouta(n)___7___rescue.”可知，警方立即展开了救援行动，因此护士应该是立即打电话给警方。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：州警方进行了一次惊人的救援。A.amazing惊人的；B.alarming令人担忧的；C.disappointing令人失望的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据后文“First,thepolicetookthewomantothePortlandFireDepartmentandthentoWestfieldMemorialHospital.Afterthat,theytransportedhertotheJamestownAirportwherethe___9___wasbetter.Finally,shewasflowntoClevelandClinicbyplane.”可知，救援过程的艰难和复杂，所以说这次救援是惊人的。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个艰难的过程，有许多步骤，包括乘坐飞机。A.targets目标；B.steps步骤；C.materials材料；D.decorations装饰。根据后文“F