2024-2025学年河南省濮阳市普通高中高一下学期4月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省濮阳市普通高中2024-2025学年高一下学期4月期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVisitingCollegeStudentsHere,you’llhavethechancetostudyalongsideYalestudents,explorechallengingcourses,andexperiencelifeatoneoftheworld’sleadinguniversities.Asavisitingstudent,you’llbeabletovisitYale’sprofessionalteachersanduniquecampusenvironment,creatinganunforgettablesummerofgrowth,learning,andconnection.WelookforwardtowelcomingyoutoYale!2025YaleSummerSession(课程)DatesSessionA:May26—June27,2025SessionB:June30—August1,2025ApplicationRequirementsThefollowingmaterialsarerequiredforvisitingcollegestudentapplications:1.OnlineApplication2.UniversityTranscript(成绩单)(inEnglish):withFall2024grades.Ifyourfallgradesarenotavailableandyouhavenouniversitylevelgradestosendin,thenyoumustsendinyourhighschooltranscript.Ifapplyingtoattendin-person,thereareadditionalrequirementsforyourapplication:1.U.S.-basedhealthinsurance2.Immunization(免疫)recordsEducationalInformationforVisitingCollegeStudentsIntheonlineapplication,you’llchooseyourcoursesforcredit(学分)orchooseaspecificprogram.Werecommendreadingthecoursedescriptionsbeforehandtoensureyouchoosethebestfit.Onceyou’readmittedtoacourseorprogram,you’llbeofficiallyenrolled(登记)inYaleSummerSession.Full-timestudyincludestwocourses(totaling2credits)persession,whichisalsothebiggestenrollmentallowed.Ifyoudecidenottoattendafterbeingadmitted,you’llneedtoquitfromYaleSummerSessionbycompletingtheChangeForm.ResidentialInformationforVisitingCollegeStudentsDuringthesummer,YaleResidentialColleges(on-campushousing)areopen,withYaleundergraduatesservingasresidentialadviserstoprovidesupportandhelp.Allstudentsaged18orolderarehousedtogether.Formoreinformationaboutlivingoncampus,besuretoexplorethe“Experience”sectionoftheschoolwebsite.1.Whichmonthistotallyincludedin2025YaleSummerSessions?A.May. B.June. C.July. D.August.2.Whatshouldyoudotoapplyforin-personcoursesoftheYaleSummerSession?A.Offeryourfall2025grades. B.CompleteaChangeForm.C.Sendinhealthinformation. D.Providealetterofrecommendation.3.Whatissuggestedtolearnmoreabouton-campusaccommodation?A.Visitingtheschoolwebsite. B.Talkingwithanundergraduate.C.Askingadvicefromanadviser. D.Referringtoexperiencesharedonline.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了以访问者的身份参加2025年耶鲁大学暑假预科班的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据2025YaleSummerSessionDates部分的“SessionA:May26—June27,2025,SessionB:June30—August1,2025(A期：2025年5月26日至6月27日，B期：2025年6月30日至8月1日)”可知，7月份全部包含在了耶鲁暑期班里。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ApplicationRequirements部分的“Ifapplyingtoattendin-person,thereareadditionalrequirementsforyourapplication:1.U.S.-basedhealthinsurance2.Immunizationrecords(如申请面授，还需满足以下附加要求：1.美国境内有效的健康保险2.疫苗接种记录)”可知，申请面授课程需要提交健康方面的有关信息。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据ResidentialInformationforVisitingCollegeStudents部分的“Formoreinformationaboutlivingoncampus,besuretoexplorethe“Experience”sectionoftheschoolwebsite.(如需了解更多关于校园生活的信息，请务必浏览学校官网的“体验”版块)”可知，若想了解更多关于校内住宿情况，应浏览学校网站。故选A项。BLivingonthelowerpartsofNewSouthWales’BlueMountainswithaforestknownasTheDevilsWildernessonhisdoorstep,fiveyearsagoFlynMorganwaspreparingtostarthighschoolwhentheGospersMountainfirecametowardshistown.Thewildfirewhichburnedfor15weeksbetween2019and2020wasoneofthemostdisastrouseventsofAustralia.ItwasalsowhatdroveyoungmenandwomenlikeFlyn,now17,tosignupfortheRural(农村的)FireService’s(RFS)highschoolcadet(见习)program.TwoyearsaftercompletingtheSecondarySchoolsCadetprogramatColoHighSchool,FlynandhisclassmateAlexCarpenterhavebecomefullmembersoftheirlocalvolunteerfirefightingdepartment,andhaveeachspenttimeonfiregrounds,fromworkingonriskreductioninthegrasstoputtingoutcarfiresinthelocalarea.Thepairhaveevenstartedtrainingthelatestgraduates—fiveyoungerclassmateswhoarenowthemselvesworkingtheirwaytowardsbasicfirefightercertification(证书).TheRFShasbeguntheyearwithmorethan1,360juniormembers,anumberthathasslowlyincreasedoverthepasttwoyears,includingvolunteersasyoungas12.Juniormembersareallowedtorespondtoeventsfromtheageof16.Morethan12,800studentshavecompletedtheSecondarySchoolCadetprogram,whichfocusesonfiresafetyandpreventionratherthanactivefirefightingskills,sinceitbegan20yearsago,including670whograduatedin2024.HawkesburyDistrictcadetorganizerPhilHurstsaiditwasapointofprideknowingseveraloftheregion’scaptainswereoncetraineesintheprogramandthattheRFSneededalltheyoungtalentitcouldget.“IntheRFSthere’sabignumberofuswhoarewellandtrulyretirementage,andit’sgettingworse,”hesaid.“TheaverageageofanRFSmemberisgettingolder,sothemorewecanencouragetheyoungerguystocomethrough,thebetter.”4.WhatinspiredFlyntosignupfortheRFS?A.Thewildfireinlate2019. B.Hisdreamofbeingafirefighter.C.ThebeautyofBlueMountains. D.Hiswishtounderstandwildfires.5.Whatdoesparagraph3tellusabouttheSecondarySchoolsCadetprogram?A.Itslimitation. B.Itssuccess. C.Itsorigin. D.Itsfeature.6.WhatisPhilHurst’sattitudetowardtheRFS?A.Doubtful. B.Uncertain. C.Distrustful. D.Positive.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthistext?A.BraveTeenagersReadytoFight B.FirefightingIsBecomingaHotJobC.FirefightersTendtoBeYounger D.RuralFireServiceNeedsMoreMembers【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了澳大利亚农村消防服务的高中见习计划及其成效，以及该服务面临的挑战和需求。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thewildfirewhichburnedfor15weeksbetween2019and2020wasoneofthemostdisastrouseventsofAustralia.ItwasalsowhatdroveyoungmenandwomenlikeFlyn,now17,tosignupfortheRural(农村的)FireService’s(RFS)highschoolcadet(见习)program.(2019年至2020年期间燃烧了15周的野火是澳大利亚最灾难性的事件之一。这也促使了像现年17岁的弗林这样的年轻男女报名参加农村消防服务局(RFS)的高中见习生项目。)”可知，2019年末的那场野火促使弗林报名参加RFS。故选A。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“TwoyearsaftercompletingtheSecondarySchoolsCadetprogramatColoHighSchool,FlynandhisclassmateAlexCarpenterhavebecomefullmembersoftheirlocalvolunteerfirefightingdepartment,andhaveeachspenttimeonfiregrounds,fromworkingonriskreductioninthegrasstoputtingoutcarfiresinthelocalarea.Thepairhaveevenstartedtrainingthelatestgraduates—fiveyoungerclassmateswhoarenowthemselvesworkingtheirwaytowardsbasicfirefightercertification(证书).(在科洛高中完成中学见习生项目两年后，弗林和他的同学亚历克斯·卡彭特已成为当地志愿消防部门的正式成员，并各自在火场度过了一段时间，工作内容包括在草地中降低火灾风险以及扑灭当地的汽车火灾。两人甚至开始培训最新的毕业生——五名更年轻的同学，他们现在正在努力获得基本消防员证书。)”可知，第三段讲述弗林和他的同学在完成中学见习生项目后，已成为当地志愿消防部门的正式成员，并且开始培训新学员，这表明该项目取得了成功。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“HawkesburyDistrictcadetorganizerPhilHurstsaiditwasapointofprideknowingseveraloftheregion’scaptainswereoncetraineesintheprogramandthattheRFSneededalltheyoungtalentitcouldget.“IntheRFSthere’sabignumberofuswhoarewellandtrulyretirementage,andit’sgettingworse,”hesaid.“TheaverageageofanRFSmemberisgettingolder,sothemorewecanencouragetheyoungerguystocomethrough,thebetter.”(霍克斯伯里区见习生组织者菲尔·赫斯特说，得知该地区的几位队长曾是该项目的学员，并且RFS需要所有能得到的年轻人才，他感到很自豪。他说：“在RFS中，我们有很多人确实已经到了退休年龄，而且情况越来越糟。RFS成员的平均年龄正在变老，所以我们能鼓励的年轻人越多越好。”)”可知，菲尔·赫斯特认为RFS需要所有能得到的年轻人才，并且他对于RFS能鼓励年轻人加入感到自豪，这表明他对RFS持积极态度。故选D。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第二段“Thewildfirewhichburnedfor15weeksbetween2019and2020wasoneofthemostdisastrouseventsofAustralia.ItwasalsowhatdroveyoungmenandwomenlikeFlyn,now17,tosignupfortheRural(农村的)FireService’s(RFS)highschoolcadet(见习)program.(2019年至2020年期间燃烧了15周的野火是澳大利亚最灾难性的事件之一。这也促使了像现年17岁的弗林这样的年轻男女报名参加农村消防服务局(RFS)的高中见习生项目。)”和第三段“TwoyearsaftercompletingtheSecondarySchoolsCadetprogramatColoHighSchool,FlynandhisclassmateAlexCarpenterhavebecomefullmembersoftheirlocalvolunteerfirefightingdepartment,andhaveeachspenttimeonfiregrounds,fromworkingonriskreductioninthegrasstoputtingoutcarfiresinthelocalarea.(在科洛高中完成中学见习生项目两年后，弗林和他的同学亚历克斯·卡彭特已成为当地志愿消防部门的正式成员，并各自在火场度过了一段时间，工作内容包括在草地中降低火灾风险以及扑灭当地的汽车火灾。)”可知，文章主要讲述了像弗林这样的勇敢青少年准备投身消防事业的故事，所以A项“BraveTeenagersReadytoFight(勇敢的青少年准备战斗)”适合作为文章标题。故选A。CDeepSeek,released(发布)inMay2023byaformerAIstudent-turnedmanager,saysithasfoundawaytomatchtheperformanceofitsU.S.competitorsinAI,andatasmallpartofthecost.Ithadalreadydrawnattentionwithaseriesofhighperformancelargelanguagemodels(LLMs).UnlikeChatGPTandmostofitsWesterncompetitors,DeepSeek’sLLMsareopensource,whichmeansuserscanviewandchangethesourcecode(编码)toimproveit.Now,DeepSeeksaysithastakenamajorstepforwardwithitslatestmodel,V3.“Itoutperformsotheropen-sourcemodelsandachievesperformancecomparabletoleadingclosed-sourcemodels,”thecompanysays.AIobserverstakeitseriously.DeepSeekhas“closedthegapwithsomeoftheworld’sbestLLMs”,evenoutperformingOpenAI’slatestmodel,sayspoliticalscientistJeffreyDingofGeorgeWashingtonUniversity.IfDeepSeekV3passesfurtherchecks,“itwillbeahighlyimpressivedisplayofresearchandengineeringunderresourceshortage,”computerscientistAndrejKarpathywrote.DeepSeeksaysitsapproachreducesthecomputingpowerneededtotrainthemodelandproducesmoreefficient(高效的)responsestorequests.Onlyapartoftheexpertnetworkswithinthemodelistrainedforatask.Then,agating(门控)networksendsrequeststotheexpertnetworksbestsuitedtoanswer.Theincreasedefficiencysavesmoney,DeepSeekproudlysays.Itsaysitspentjust$5.6milliontotrainV3—farlessthantheexpected$78millionitcostOpenAItotrainChatGPT.Unlikemostofitsmajorcompetitors,DeepSeekisnotsupportedbyoneofChina’shigh-techcompanies,whicharedevelopingvarioustechnologies.Thecompany’sprimaryfocusisoncreationsandthedevelopmentofhigh-performingChineseLLMs.AlthoughDeepSeekhasmademajorprogress,observersseechallengesahead.Itsopen-sourceapproachmeanscompetitorscanimproveuponDeepSeek’smethods.Andthecompanywillabsolutelycontinuetostruggleinthefuturetopushtheboundaries(前沿)ofsoftwareandsystemscreationtostayinthegame.8.WhatdoweknowaboutDeepSeek?A.ItsLLMsarefreetouse. B.Itcostsmorethanitscompetitors.C.Itsperformanceisunsatisfying. D.ItsV3isthelargestatpresent.9.WhatdoesDeepSeektakepridein?A.Itsnewly-inventedlanguage. B.Itsrelativelylowercost.C.Itspopularityamongusers. D.Itsoutstandingmanager.10.WhatisDeepSeek’soriginalintention?A.Togetthemostoutofsmallcosts. B.Tocompetewithleadingcompanies.C.TocreatebetterLLMsofChina. D.Tobecomeaworld-classhigh-techcompany.11.WhatcanweinferaboutthefutureofDeepSeekfromthelastparagraph?A.Ungrown. B.Promising. C.Profitable. D.Challenging.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了DeepSeek的开源大语言模型以低成本实现了媲美国际竞品的性能，但未来仍需应对开源竞争和技术突破的挑战。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“UnlikeChatGPTandmostofitsWesterncompetitors,DeepSeek’sLLMsareopensource,whichmeansuserscanviewandchangethesourcecode(编码)toimproveit.(与ChatGPT和大多数西方竞争对手不同，DeepSeek的大语言模型是开源的，这意味着用户可以查看并修改源代码来改进它。)”可知，DeepSeek的大语言模型是开源的，用户可以免费使用和修改。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theincreasedefficiencysavesmoney,DeepSeekproudlysays.Itsaysitspentjust$5.6milliontotrainV3—farlessthantheexpected$78millionitcostOpenAItotrainChatGPT.(DeepSeek自豪地表示，效率提升显著降低了成本。该公司透露，训练V3模型仅花费560万美元，远低于OpenAI训练ChatGPT预计所需的7800万美元。)”可知，DeepSeek以远低于竞争对手的成本实现了高性能，这是其自豪之处。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Thecompany’sprimaryfocusisoncreationsandthedevelopmentofhigh-performingChineseLLMs.(该公司的初始目标在于创新研发高性能的中文大语言模型。)”可知，DeepSeek的初衷是开发高性能的中文大语言模型。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AlthoughDeepSeekhasmademajorprogress,observersseechallengesahead.Itsopen-sourceapproachmeanscompetitorscanimproveuponDeepSeek’smethods.Andthecompanywillabsolutelycontinuetostruggleinthefuturetopushtheboundaries(前沿)ofsoftwareandsystemscreationtostayinthegame.(尽管DeepSeek已取得重大进展，但观察人士认为其仍面临挑战。开源策略意味着竞争对手可以基于其技术进行改进。未来，该公司势必要持续突破软件与系统研发的边界，才能在竞争中保持优势。)”可知，观察人士认为DeepSeek未来将面临竞争和技术突破的挑战。由此可知，其未来是有挑战性的。故选D项。DIntoday’sfast-developingworld,wherestressandanxietyhavebecomeunwelcomeemotionsformany,thesearchfornaturalsolutionstothisissuehasledtothepopularityofstress-reliefteas.Thesedrinksofferamomentofpeaceduringthebusydailylife,providingamuch-neededrestforouroverworkedmindsandbodies.Stresshasbecomeaseriousproblem,withitsfar-reachingeffectsimpactingbothourbodyandmind.Fromsleeplessnightstoweakenedimmune(免疫的)systems,thecostofstresscanbeserious.Asideasoftheseconsequencesgrow,morepeopleareturningtonaturalsolutionstomanagetheirstresslevelsandpromoteoverallwell-being.Trystresslesstea,anaturalsolutionthathasbeengettingattentioninrecentyears.Thisspecialdrinkmixesthecomfortingprocessofteadrinkingwithcarefullychosenmaterialsknownfortheircalmingproperties(属性),suchaschamomileandlavender(洋甘菊和薰衣草).Asthemarketforstress-reliefdrinkscontinuestobecomelarger,stresslessteahasbecomeafront-runner,offeringadeliciousandconvenientwaytofightthepressuresofmodernlife.Stresslessteaismorethanjustyouraveragecupoftea.It’samixtureofplants,flowers,andsometimesfruits,specificallychosenfortheirstress-reliefandemotion-improvingproperties.Unlikecommontea,whichtypicallycontainscaffeine(咖啡因)andmaycausefeelingsofanxietyinsomeindividuals,stresslessteaisoftencaffeine-freeanddesignedtopromoterelaxationandcalmness.There’sagrowingbodyofscientificresearchsupportingthestress-reliefpropertiesofmanymaterialscommonlyfoundinstresslesstea.Studieshavebeguntoexploretheeffectivenessofstress-reliefteas,withpromisingresults.A2016studypublishedinthejournalNutrientsfoundthatthosewhodrankchamomileteadailyforeightweeksexperiencedsignificantreductionsintermsofanxietylevelcomparedtothosewhodidn’t.Anotherstudy,publishedinPhytomedicinein2012,showedthatlavenderteadrinkingwasrelatedtoimprovedsleepqualityandreducedtirednessinwomen.12.Whatistheprobablemeaningoftheunderlinedword“consequences”inparagraph2?A.Drinks. B.Results. C.Systems. D.Functions.13.Whatcanweinferaboutstresslessteafromparagraph3?A.It’llreplacecommontea. B.Itfeaturesexpensivematerials.C.It’smostbeneficialtorunners. D.It’smoreandmorepopular.14.Howdoesparagraph4stresstheadvantagesofstresslesstea?A.Byobservation. B.Bycomparison.C.Bygivingreasons. D.Bymakingexperiments.15.Whyaretwostudiesmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tocallformoreresearchesonstresslesstea.B.Toshowvariousfunctionsofstresslesstea.C.Toconfirmthestress-reducingnatureofstresslesstea.D.Toencouragedoctorstousestresslessteaasacure.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了减压茶通过天然成分帮助缓解现代生活压力，其效果得到科学研究支持，正成为日益流行的健康选择。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Stresshasbecomeaseriousproblem,withitsfar-reachingeffectsimpactingbothourbodyandmind.Fromsleeplessnightstoweakenedimmune(免疫的)systems,thecostofstresscanbeserious.(压力已经成为一个严重的问题，它对我们的身心都有深远的影响。从失眠到免疫系统减弱，压力的代价可能是严重的。)”可知，此处先提到压力的深远影响，再列举失眠和免疫力下降等具体表现，说明画线词指压力导致的负面“结果”，consequences与B项Results“后果，结果”意思相近。故选B项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Trystresslesstea,anaturalsolutionthathasbeengettingattentioninrecentyears.(试试减压茶吧，这是近年来备受关注的一种自然疗法。)”和“Asthemarketforstress-reliefdrinkscontinuestobecomelarger,stresslessteahasbecomeafront-runner,offeringadeliciousandconvenientwaytofightthepressuresofmodernlife.(随着减压饮料市场的不断扩大，减压茶成为了领先者，它提供了一种美味而方便的方式来对抗现代生活的压力。)”可知，减压茶备受关注，且市场持续扩大。由此可知，它日益流行。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Unlikecommontea,whichtypicallycontainscaffeine(咖啡因)andmaycausefeelingsofanxietyinsomeindividuals,stresslessteaisoftencaffeine-freeanddesignedtopromoterelaxationandcalmness.(普通茶通常含有咖啡因，可能会让一些人感到焦虑，而减压茶通常不含咖啡因，旨在促进放松和平静。)”可知，第四段通过对比普通茶与减压茶，前者含咖啡因、可能引发焦虑，后者无咖啡因、助放松，来突出后者优势。故选B项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There’sagrowingbodyofscientificresearchsupportingthestress-reliefpropertiesofmanymaterialscommonlyfoundinstresslesstea.(越来越多的科学研究支持在减压茶中常见的许多物质的减压特性。)”和“A2016studypublishedinthejournalNutrientsfoundthatthosewhodrankchamomileteadailyforeightweeksexperiencedsignificantreductionsintermsofanxietylevelcomparedtothosewhodidn’t.Anotherstudy,publishedinPhytomedicinein2012,showedthatlavenderteadrinkingwasrelatedtoimprovedsleepqualityandreducedtirednessinwomen.(2016年发表在《营养》杂志上的一项研究发现，与不喝洋甘菊茶的人相比，那些连续八周每天喝洋甘菊茶的人的焦虑水平显著降低。2012年发表在《植物医学》上的另一项研究表明，饮用薰衣草茶与改善女性睡眠质量和减少疲劳有关。)”可知，最后一段引用洋甘菊降低焦虑和薰衣草改善睡眠的两项研究，是为了支持段首的论断，证实减压茶的成分的确具有减压特性。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’ssimpletogoforaswimwhenwetravel.Allthatweneedisaswimsuit,abodyboardorasurfboard.____16____Hereareafewthingstoconsiderbeforejumpingintothewater,tokeepyousafeinthesea.____17____Beforeyoujumpintothewater,findoutwhereyoucansafelyswim.That’seasyatabeachwithlifeguards.Onlyswimbetweentheredandyellowflags.Butmostbeachesarenotguardedbylifeguards.So,askalocalwheretoswim.Ifthere’snooneabout,beextracareful,onlyswimwhereyoucanstand.Learntofindandstaysafeinarip(离岸流).____18____Ifyougetcaughtinarip,staycalmanddon’ttrytoswimagainstit.Instead,float(漂浮)onyourback,gowiththeflow(水流)andcallforhelp.Anotherwaytogetoutofaripistoswimtowardsthebreakingwavesandletthewaveswashyousafelybacktothebank.Howtobodysurfsafely.Bodysurfingisthebestformofsurfing,butcanberiskyifthewavesaretoobig.____19____Tocatchawave,standinwaterthat’sjustoveryourknee.Justasthewavereachesyou,pushoffthebottomwithyourfeetandkeepatleastonearmoutinfrontofyoutoprotectyourselffromheadinjury.Howtobodyboardsafely.Thenextlevelup,insurfingterms,isbodyboarding.Bodyboardsaregenerallyeasierandsafertousethansurfboards.Youcanalsoridethembetweentheredandyellowflags.____20____A.Sostartwithsmallwaves.B.Doyourresearchonwheretoswim.C.Floatonyourbackandcloseyoureyes.D.Andyou’lllearnhowtoreadthewavesandfindrips.E.Itisrips,notsharks,thatarethenumberoneriskatbeaches.F.Justremembertoalwaysholdtheropesoyoudon’tloseyourbodyboard.G.Butweoftenswiminunfamiliarwaterwithnoknowledgeofpossiblerisks.【答案】16.G17.B18.E19.A20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海边游泳的安全注意事项。【16题详析】前文“It’ssimpletogoforaswimwhenwetravel.Allthatweneedisaswimsuit,abodyboardorasurfboard.(旅行时去游泳很简单，我们只需要准备泳衣、趴板或冲浪板即可)”提到游泳装备简单，后文“Hereareafewthingstoconsiderbeforejumpingintothewater,tokeepyousafeinthesea.(以下是下水前需要考虑的几个事项，以确保你在海中的安全)”说明下水前需考虑安全事项，此处需转折说明人们常忽视风险，因此G项“Butweoftenswiminunfamiliarwaterwithnoknowledgeofpossiblerisks.(但我们经常在不熟悉的水域游泳，对潜在风险一无所知)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选G。【17题详析】后文“Beforeyoujumpintothewater,findoutwhereyoucansafelyswim.That’seasyatabeachwithlifeguards.Onlyswimbetweentheredandyellowflags.Butmostbeachesarenotguardedbylifeguards.So,askalocalwheretoswim.(下水前，务必先确认安全游泳区域。在有救生员的海滩很容易做到——只需在红黄旗之间的区域游泳。但大多数海滩并没有救生员值守，这时应该询问当地人适合游泳的地点)”详细说明寻找安全游泳区域的方法，此处作为段落标题，应建议做好游泳地点的调查，因此B项“Doyourresearchonwheretoswim.(提前调研游泳地点)”符合语境，统领段落内容。故选B。【18题详析】本段标题是“Learntofindandstaysafeinarip(离岸流).(学会识别离岸流并确保安全)”，后文“Ifyougetcaughtinarip,staycalmanddon’ttrytoswimagainstit.Instead,float(漂浮)onyourback,gowiththeflow(水流)andcallforhelp.Anotherwaytogetoutofaripistoswimtowardsthebreakingwavesandletthewaveswashyousafelybacktothebank.(若不慎被卷入离岸流，务必保持冷静，切勿逆流挣扎。正确做法是：仰面漂浮随波逐流并大声呼救。另一种脱险方式是朝碎浪区游去，让海浪将你安全推回岸边)”给出被困离岸流的两种应对措施，此处作为段首句，应说明离岸流的危险性，因此E项“Itisrips,notsharks,thatarethenumberoneriskatbeaches.(海滩头号风险是离岸流，而非鲨鱼)”符合语境，呼应标题，引出后文。故选E。【19题详析】前文“Bodysurfingisthebestformofsurfing,butcanberiskyifthewavesaretoobig.(徒手冲浪是最纯粹的冲浪方式，但遇到大浪时可能十分危险)”指出在大浪中徒手冲浪危险，后文“Tocatchawave,standinwaterthat’sjustoveryourknee.(要抓住浪头，请站在水深刚过膝盖的位置)”给出抓住浪头的方法，此处应建议先尝试小浪，因此A项“Sostartwithsmallwaves.(因此从小浪开始)”符合语境，和前文是因果关系，引出后文。故选A。【20题详析】前文“Bodyboardsaregenerallyeasierandsafertousethansurfboards.Youcanalsoridethembetweentheredandyellowflags.(一般来说，趴板比冲浪板更易上手且更安全，同样可以在红黄旗之间的安全区域使用)”主要聚焦冲浪的安全建议，此处作为段末句，应补充关键细节，因此F项“Justremembertoalwaysholdtheropesoyoudon’tloseyourbodyboard.(切记始终握住绳子以防丢失冲浪板)”符合语境，提醒握绳保持安全，承接前文。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Manykidsdreamofleavingtheirownhometojointhecircus(马戏团).However,forthethreecousinsCassiusWest,ShakiraWestandTaliraWest-Smith,thecircushasalwaysbeentheir____21____.Theteenagecousinshavespenttheir____22____yearsunderthetentaspartofStardustCircus,performingonthestagetimeandtimeagainto____23____audiencestogetherwiththeirparents.Forthe____24____one-year-old,learningtowalkisimportant,whilefortheWestchildren,learningtodoacrobatics(杂技动作)was____25____important.Theylearnedto____26____ontheiruncle’shandsaspartoftheskilltraining.Twentyyearshavepassedquickly,andthethreeare____27____performers,makingupthecentralpartofthefamily-runcircusof40people.TheytravelaroundAustraliaandpleaseaudienceswiththeir____28____performances.Allthechildrenarehomeschooledthroughdistanceeducation,____29____smallamountsoftimeintheirbusylifeto______30______lessonsbetweenpracticeandperformance.However,whiletheirschedulemightsoundexcitingtonon-circusstudents,there’salossfortheWests:______31______schoolholidaysfortheirstressfulworking______32______ofvariousperformances.Growingupwiththe______33______astheirplayground,theymadethebigtenttheirown.Theydon’thavethesame______34______experiencesasotherkids,likegoingtoschooleventsorhavingaweekendoff.Butthey______35______whattheydoandvaluetheuniqueconnectiontheircircuslifehasgiventhem.21.A.destination B.chance C.home D.memory22.A.growing B.major C.surprising D.difficult23.A.interview B.support C.value D.please24.A.special B.average C.disabled D.bright25.A.hardly B.equally C.generally D.briefly26.A.compete B.dance C.struggle D.balance27.A.junior B.encouraged C.experienced D.lonely28.A.breathtaking B.meaningful C.normal D.personal29.A.showing B.killing C.cutting D.finding30.A.take B.prepare C.quit D.exchange31.A.focusingon B.stickingto C.givingup D.searchingfor32.A.condition B.schedule C.group D.culture33.A.city B.park C.school D.circus34.A.adventure B.stage C.childhood D.performance35.A.love B.need C.miss D.imagine【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马戏团长大的韦斯特家表兄妹以帐篷为家，在训练与巡演中成长为专业表演者，虽失去普通孩子的校园生活，却深爱着马戏团赋予他们的独特人生。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于表兄妹卡修斯·韦斯特、莎奇拉·韦斯特和塔莉拉·韦斯特-史密斯来说，马戏团从来就是他们的家。A.destination目的地；B.chance机会；C.home家；D.memory记忆。根据上文“Manykidsdreamofleavingtheirownhometojointhecircus(马戏团).”和句首表示转折的“However”可知，表兄妹三人的情况与这些孩子的不同，马戏团就是他们的家。故选C。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这三个青少年作为星光马戏团的成员，在帐篷里度过了成长岁月，与父母一起在舞台上反复表演，为观众带来欢乐。A.growing成长的；B.major主要的；C.surprising令人惊讶的；D.difficult困难的。根据下文“Allthechildrenarehomeschooledthroughdistanceeducation,________smallamountsoftimeintheirbusylifeto________lessonsbetweenpracticeandperformance.”可知，表兄妹三人一直在马戏团训练和表演，同时进行学习，因此是在帐篷里度过了成长岁月。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三个青少年作为星光马戏团的成员，在帐篷里度过了成长岁月，与父母一起在舞台上反复表演，为观众带来欢乐。A.interview采访；B.support支持；C.value重视；D.please（使）开心。根据上文“performingonthestagetimeandtimeagain”可知，他们在舞台上反复表演，是为了给马戏团的观众带来欢乐。故选D。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于普通的一岁孩子来说，学习走路很重要，而对于韦斯特家的孩子来说，学习杂技同样重要。A.special特别的；B.average普通的；C.disabled残疾的；D.bright明亮的。根据下文“learningtowalkisimportant”可知，学习走路很重要这一事实是就普通的一岁孩子而言的。故选B。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：对于普通的一岁孩子来说，学习走路很重要，而对于韦斯特家的孩子来说，学习杂技同样重要。A.hardly几乎不；B.equally同样地；C.generally通常；D.briefly简要地。根据上文“whilefortheWestchildren”可知，此处是把韦斯特家的孩子和其他的一岁孩子进行比较，说明对表兄妹三人而言，学习杂技同样重要。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在叔叔手掌上练习平衡，这是基本功训练的一部分。A.compete竞争；B.dance跳舞；C.struggle挣扎；D.balance保持平衡。根据上文“learningtodoacrobatics(杂技动作)”可知，表兄妹三人需在叔叔手掌上练习平衡。故选D。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：二十年光阴飞逝，如今三人已成为经验丰富的表演者，组成了这个40人家庭马戏团的核心阵容。A.junior初级的；B.encouraged受鼓舞的；C.experienced有经验的；D.lonely孤独的。根据下文“makingupthecentralpartofthefamily-runcircusof40people”可知，表兄妹三人组成了这个40人家庭马戏团的核心阵容，因此是成为了经验丰富的表演者。故选C。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们巡演澳大利亚各地，用惊人的表演愉悦观众。A.breathtaking惊人的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.normal正常的；D.personal个人的。根据上文“makingupthecentralpartofthefamily-runcircusof40people”可知，表兄妹三人组成了这个40人家庭马戏团的核心阵容，因此他们的表演应该是惊人的。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有孩子都通过远程教育在家学习，在训练与演出间隙从忙碌生活中找出零碎时间上课。A.showing展示；B.killing杀死；C.cutting切割；D.finding找到。根据上文“Allthechildrenarehomeschooledthroughdistanceeducation”可知，表兄妹三人接受远程教育，因此是从忙碌生活中找出零碎时间学习。故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有孩子都通过远程教育在家学习，在训练与演出间隙从忙碌生活中找出零碎时间上课。A.take拿；B.prepare准备；C.quit放弃；D.exchange交换。根据上文“Allthechildrenarehomeschooledthroughdistanceeducation”和下文“lessonsbetweenpracticeandperformance”可知，表兄妹三人都通过远程教育在家学习，需要在训练与演出间隙上课，短语takelessons意为“上课”。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不过，这种在普通学生听来刺激的日程安排，对于韦斯特家孩子们来说是一种损失：为了各种演出的紧张工作日程而放弃学校假期。A.focusingon专注于；B.stickingto坚持；C.givingup放弃；D.searchingfor寻找。根据下文“Theydon’thavethesame________experiencesasotherkids,likegoingtoschooleventsorhavingaweekendoff.”可知，表兄妹三人没有体验过学校活动或周末休息，因此是放弃学校假期。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，这种在普通学生听来刺激的日程安排，对于韦斯特家孩子们来说是一种损失：为了各种演出的紧张工作日程而放弃学校假期。A.condition条件；B.schedule日程表；C.group小组；D.culture文化。根据下文“ofvariousperformances”可知，表兄妹三人有着各种演出的紧张工作日程。故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：以马戏团为游乐场长大的他们，把巨型帐篷变成了自己的天地。A.city城市；B.park公园；C.school学校；D.circus马戏团。根据上文“Theteenagecousinshavespenttheir________yearsunderthetentaspartofSt