2024-2025学年辽宁省鞍山市高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省鞍山市2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenyouareabouttogotoaboardingschoolinEngland,therearemanydifferentquestionsthatmaycometomind.Butonceyoutakesometimeonthem,youwillcertainlyfeeleasy.Hereisanormalboardingday.EarlyMorningUsuallyboardersgetuparound7:00amandhavearoundanhourtotakeashowerandputontheiruniformbeforebreakfast.LessonsClassesstartat9:00amandeverylessonlastsfor50minutes.Aftertwolessons,you’llhaveashortbreakat10:40am.Thenextperiodofclasseswillincludetwomorelessons.LunchLunchisusuallyheldaround12:30pmatthedininghall,whereyou’lljoinyourfriendstoenjoyahotdish.Afteranhouroflunch,you’llhavethreeorfourmorelessonstoattend.DinnerAt5:00pmyouwillhavefinishedyourschoollessonsfortheday.MostboardingschoolsintheUKoffertheirfullboardersdifferentkindsofhotmealstochoosefrom.ActivitiesAllboardingschoolsintheUKprovidemanydifferentkindsofactivitiesfortheirboarders,suchasfootball,swimming,golforart.PrepAnimportantpartofboardingschoollifeisthesupervisedhomeworksessionknownas“prep”.Althoughprepmightsoundstressful,it’sagreatwayforyoutokeepupwithyourstudies.FreetimeOnceyouaredonewithyourclassesandactivities,it’stimetorelax.BedtimeInmostboardingschools,thelightsgooutaround10:30pm.Beingnervousbeforeyougotoaboardingschooliscompletelynormalandunderstandable.Hopefully,beingawareoftheusualroutineyou’llbefollowingcanhelpyou.Onceyouarethere,youwillseehowexcitinglifeinaboardingschoolinEnglandcanbe.1.WhatdoweknowaboutboardingschoolsinEnglandfromthetext?A.Theyturnoffthelightsaround10:30pmB.Classesusuallystartat8:30am.C.Theydon’tgivestudentsanyfreetime.D.Studentscanhaveashortbreakafterfourlessons.2.Whatcanhelptheboarderskeepupwiththeirstudiesintheboardingschool?A.Havinglessons. B.Enjoyingfreetime.C.Supervisedhomeworksessions. D.Doingvariousactivities.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.ToattractmorestudentstoEngland’sboardingschools.B.Tohelpstudentsknowaboutboarders’lifeinEngland.C.TocomparethelifeinEngland’sboardingschoolswiththatinChina.D.ToillustratehowexcitinglifeinaboardingschoolinEnglandcanbe.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了一所英国寄宿学校的日常生活安排，旨在帮助即将进入寄宿学校的学生了解日常流程，缓解他们的紧张情绪。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据“Bedtime”部分中的“Inmostboardingschools,thelightsgooutaround10:30pm.(在大多数寄宿学校，晚上10:30左右熄灯)”可知，寄宿学校通常在晚上10:30左右熄灯，故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“Prep”部分中的“Animportantpartofboardingschoollifeisthesupervisedhomeworksessionknownas‘prep’.Althoughprepmightsoundstressful,it’sagreatwayforyoutokeepupwithyourstudies.(寄宿学校生活的一个重要部分是被称为“预习”的监督式作业时间。尽管预习听起来可能有压力，但这是一种很好的方式，可以帮助你跟上学业)”可知，监督式作业时间有助于学生跟上学业，故选C项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一句“WhenyouareabouttogotoaboardingschoolinEngland,therearemanydifferentquestionsthatmaycometomind.(当你即将前往英国的寄宿学校时，你可能会想到许多不同的问题。)”可知，文章主要介绍了英国寄宿学校的日常生活安排，包括起床、上课、午餐、晚餐、活动、预习和休息时间等，目的是帮助学生了解寄宿学校的生活，故选B项。BWhenIwassix,anewfamilymovedintothehousenextdoor.Therewasagirl,Frances,whowasaboutmyage.Webecamebestfriendssoon.Iwastooyoungtonoticewhatwasreallygoingoninherlife,butmymotherdid.MomnoticedthatFrancesneverinvitedanyoneintotheroomstheylivedin.Hermotherwentofftoworkveryearlyinthemorningandcamebacklookingverytired.Andhertwoolderbrothersworedirtyclothesandwereneverathome.Franceswasalwayshungry,andherclotheswereoftentoosmall.Momnevermentionedanythingtome.Butsheonceasked,“WouldyoumindifIgiveFrancessomeofyourclothes?”Iagreed.Francesseemedverythrilled.MombegantospendmoretimewithFrancesandme.SheandIhadalwaysdonekitchenjobstogether,butnowthethreeofusweremakingbiscuitsandwashinguptogether.Franceswasalwayswillingtohelp,aslongasMomwasthere.AndsometimestheywouldjustsittogetherandtalkwhileIwasoffdoingsomethingelse.Thatroutine(日常事物)continueduntilwewerebothteenagers.ButthenhermotherdecidedtheyweremovingbacktoIreland.Wepromisedtowritetoeachother.Oneday,mymomcalledtosaythataletterfromFranceshadarrived.“WhenIwasfour,myfatherdied.Mymothertriedtomakemoney.Sheignoredme.Yourmomsavedme.Withoutherloveandattention,Iwouldneverhavesurvived(渡过难关)mychildhood.Ihaveusedyourmother’sexampleasmyguidetocareforpeoplearoundme.”Mymothertaughtmemanythings,butthiswashermostvaluablelesson.Watchingherexampleandseeingthelife-changingresultswerepowerful.Wewillneverknowhoworwhenouractsofkindnesswillinfluenceothers,butit’salwaysbettertotry.4.WhatdoweknowaboutFrances’familyfromParagraph2?A.Theywereunhappytocometoanewplace. B.Theytriedhardtoavoidtheirneighbors.C.Theycaredlittleabouteachother. D.Theylivedaverydifficultlife.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrilled”inParagraph3mean?A.Proud. B.Excited. C.Calm. D.Confident.6.Whatdoestheauthortrytoshowthroughthefourthparagraph?A.Franceswasagoodhelper. B.Franceswasusedtotheroutine.C.Francesgotonwellwiththeauthor’smom. D.Franceswasgoodatdoingkitchenjobs.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Teachingbyexample B.LifelongfriendsC.Mymom’slife D.Beingbravetotry【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者与邻居女孩Frances的友谊以及作者母亲对Frances的关爱和帮助，展现了人与人之间的温情与善良，以及这些行为对Frances人生的深远影响。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Hermotherwentofftoworkveryearlyinthemorningandcamebacklookingverytired.Andhertwoolderbrothersworedirtyclothesandwereneverathome.Franceswasalwayshungry,andherclotheswereoftentoosmall.(她妈妈一大早就出门上班，回来时看上去疲惫不堪。她的两个哥哥穿着脏衣服，还总是不在家。Frances总是饿着肚子，她的衣服也常常小得不合身)”可知，Frances的妈妈工作辛苦，哥哥们穿着脏衣服，Frances总是饿着且衣服不合身，这些都表明他们一家生活很艰难。故选D。【5题详析】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Hermotherwentofftoworkveryearlyinthemorningandcamebacklookingverytired.Andhertwoolderbrothersworedirtyclothesandwereneverathome.Franceswasalwayshungry,andherclotheswereoftentoosmall.(她妈妈一大早就出门上班，回来时看上去疲惫不堪。她的两个哥哥穿着脏衣服，还总是不在家。Frances总是饿着肚子，她的衣服也常常小得不合身)”可知，Frances的衣服太小，家庭生活很艰难；再根据划线单词上文“Butsheonceasked,“WouldyoumindifIgiveFrancessomeofyourclothes?”Iagreed.(但有一次她问我：“要是我把你的一些衣服给弗朗西丝，你介意吗？”我同意了。)”可知，作者的妈妈打算送一些作者的衣服给Frances。由此可推测，对于生活条件不好的Frances来说，能得到衣服是一件开心、令人兴奋的事。选项B“excited”意为“兴奋的”，与此相符。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“MombegantospendmoretimewithFrancesandme.SheandIhadalwaysdonekitchenjobstogether,butnowthethreeofusweremakingbiscuitsandwashinguptogether.Franceswasalwayswillingtohelp,aslongasMomwasthere.AndsometimestheywouldjustsittogetherandtalkwhileIwasoffdoingsomethingelse.(妈妈开始花更多时间和我还有Frances在一起。以前我和妈妈总是一起做厨房的活儿，但现在我们三个一起做饼干、洗碗。只要妈妈在，Frances总是很乐意帮忙。有时候，我去做别的事，她们俩就会坐在一起聊天)”可知，作者的妈妈花更多时间和Frances在一起，她们一起做各种事，还会一起聊天，这些都表明Frances和作者的妈妈相处得很好。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Mymothertaughtmemanythings,butthiswashermostvaluablelesson.Watchingherexampleandseeingthelife-changingresultswerepowerful.Wewillneverknowhoworwhenouractsofkindnesswillinfluenceothers,butit’salwaysbettertotry.(母亲教会了我许多东西，但这是她传授的最宝贵的一课。目睹她树立的榜样，看到其带来改变人生的成效，这种力量无比强大。我们永远无从知晓善举会以何种方式、在何时影响他人，但尝试总归是好的)”以及全文内容可知，文章讲述了作者妈妈注意到邻居Frances家的困境后，通过给Frances衣服、与她一起做事、交流等方式，给予她关爱和帮助，改变了Frances的童年。Frances在信中提到以作者妈妈为榜样去关心他人，这充分体现了作者妈妈以身作则的行为产生的深远影响。选项A“Teachingbyexample(以身作则)”能够很好地概括全文主旨。故选A。CHaveyouwonderedwhatyourpetsarefeeling?Whenyourdogwags(来回摇摆)itstail,doesthatmeanitishappy?AnewappcalledHappyPetscantellyouwhat'sgoingon.Theappusesartificialintelligence(AI)toanalyzethefacialexpressionsofcatsanddogs.Thenitcantellyouwhatbreed(品种)yourpetisandhowitisfeeling.Itcanshowthefivemostcommonfeelings-happy,angry,neutral,sadandscared.ResearchersattheUniversityofMelbourneinAustraliadevelopedtheapp.Thekeytechnologyusedintheappisfacialrecognition,acommonuseofAl.Wecanunlockourmobilephonesorentertrainstationswithfacialrecognitionreaders.Butthisisthefirsttimethatthetechhasbeenusedwithanimals.Theapp'sAIwasfirsttaughttorecognizeapictureofananimal.Then,itwastaughttorecognizethefacialfeaturesofcatsanddogs.Nextcamethemostimportantstep-teachingittodetect(察觉)emotionsbasedoncertainfacialfeatures.Forinstance,ifadogtightensupitseyesandmouthwhilechangingthepositionofitsears,thismeansthedogisscared.Tomasterthisskill,theATprogram"saw"and"read"thousandsofexampleimages.Howaccuratearetheresults?Theresearchersthinktheyaretrustworthysincetheapphasbeentestedmanytimes.Interestingly,theyhavefoundthatcatsarehardertoreadthandogs.Inthefuture,theappmightalsobeabletoanalyzeapet'sbodytomakeitsreadingsmoreaccurate.8.WhatistheappHappyPetsusedtodo?A.Tomakepetshappy. B.Totellushowthepetsarefeeling.C.Torecognizeananimal'spicture. D.Tounlockourmobilephones.9.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Whatemotionstheappcanrecognize. B.Whatcertainfacialfeaturesmean.C.Howpeopleusetheapp. D.Howtheapp'sAlwastrained.10.WhatcanweinferabouttheappHappyPets?A.Ithasbeenusedwithanimalsforalongtime. B.Itworksharderondogsthancats.C.Itusesfacialrecognitiontechnology. D.Itcananalyzeapet'sbody.11.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthortowritethepassage?A.Showhowtomakeanimalshappy. B.Introduceastudyonanimals.C.Showhowtoplaywithanimals. D.Introduceanewapp.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于一种新的应用程序：HappyPets，主要介绍了这款软件的原理、功能等基本信息。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文中第二段中“itcantellyouwhatbreed(品种)yourpetisandhowitisfeeling.”（它可以告诉你你的宠物是什么品种，以及它的感受。）可知，这个应用可以告知你你的宠物的种类及它的感受。故选B。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theapp'sAIwasfirsttaughttorecognizeapictureofananimal.Then,itwastaughttorecognizethefacialfeaturesofcatsanddogs.Nextcamethemostimportantstep-teachingittodetect(察觉)emotionsbasedoncertainfacialfeatures.Forinstance,ifadogtightensupitseyesandmouthwhilechangingthepositionofitsears,thismeansthedogisscared.Tomasterthisskill,theATprogram"saw"and"read"thousandsofexampleimages.”（这款应用程序的AI首先被教会识别动物的图片。然后，它被教导识别猫和狗的面部特征。接下来是最重要的一步，教它根据某些面部特征来检测（察觉）情绪。例如，如果一只狗在改变耳朵位置的同时收紧眼睛和嘴巴，这就意味着它害怕了。为了掌握这项技能，AT程序“看到”和“阅读”了成千上万的示例图像。）可知，主要介绍了这个应用中AI是如何训练的。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thekeytechnologyusedintheappisfacialrecognition,acommonuseofAl.Wecanunlockourmobilephonesorentertrainstationswithfacialrecognitionreaders.Butthisisthefirsttimethatthetechhasbeenusedwithanimals.”可知，这个应用程序使用的关键技术是面部识别，这是人工智能的一个常见用途，我们可以用面部识别读卡器解锁手机或进入火车站。但这是这种技术第一次用于动物。选项C（它使用面部识别技术）和文意相符。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。本文主要是关于一种新的应用程序：HappyPets，主要介绍了这款软件的原理、功能等基本信息，作者写这篇文章就是为了介绍这款应用程序，故选D。DWe’veallexperiencedit:wakingupnaturallyfeelsrefreshing,whilebeingsuddenlywokenbyanalarmorsomeoneelseleavesushalf-asleep.Why?Tounderstandthis,let’sexplorethescienceofsleeping.Thesleepcycleconsistsoffourstages.OneoftheseisREM,whichstandsforrapideyemovements.Theotherthreearenon-REMstages.Whenyoufallasleep,youfirstgointoastateoffeelingsleepycallednon-REMStage1.Thisisfollowedbydeeperstagesofsleep,callednon-REMstages2and3.Eachstageofnon-REMisdeeperthantheonebefore.Then,about90minutesafteryoufirstfallasleep,youenterthefourthstage,whichisREMsleep.Thisisastageoflightersleepwhereyoudomuchofyourdreaming.Afterafewminutes,youreturntonon-REMsleepagain.Insleeplabs,researchersmonitorbrainwaves,eyemovements,andmuscletensionlikeinthechin,usingelectrodes(电极)placedonthescalp,aroundtheeyes,andonthechin.Brainactivityvariesfromlow-amplitude(低频振幅),fastwaveswhenawaketohigh-amplitude,slowwavesduringdeepnon-REMsleep.Non-REMStage3hastheslowest,tallestwaves,whileREMsleepissimilartowakefulnesswithlow-amplitude,fastwavesandrapideyemovements.Bothstagesareimportantforbrainhealthandmemorystorage.Whenyouwakeupinthemorningonyourown,it’susuallyasyoucometotheendofwhateverstageofsleepyouwerein.Thinkofitlikegettingoffthetrainwhenitcomestoastopatthestation.Butwhenanalarmorsomeoneelsewakesyouup,it’slikejumpingoffthetrainbetweenstops,whichcanfeeldisturbing.That’swhyit’sgoodtowakeupnaturallywheneverpossible.Peoplecanactuallytraintheirbrainstowakeupatascheduledtimeeachdaythatisanaturalstoppingpoint.Brainshaveaninternal24-hourclockthatinstructswhenyoufirststarttofeelsleepyandwhenyouwakeup.Thisisrelatedtoournaturalbiologicalclock.12.Accordingtothepassage,whathappensduringREMsleep?A.Thebodyentersthedeepeststageofsleep. B.Brainwavesarehighinamplitudeandslow.C.Frequentdreamingoccursduringlightsleep. D.Muscletensioninthechinincreasessignificantly.13.Whydoestheauthorusetwosimiles(明喻)inthefourthparagraph?A.Tosuggestthemethodsforimprovingsleepquality.B.Toexplaintheroleofnon-REMinregulatingsleepcycles.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofconsistentsleepschedules.D.Toillustratethedifferencebetweennaturalandsuddenwaking.14.Whatwilltheauthormostlikelydiscussnext?A.Methodsforadjustingtonaturalmorningawakenings.B.Adviceonsettingalarmstomatchnaturalstoppingpoints.C.Thegreatimpactofsleepcyclesonmemorystorage.D.Newtechnologiesforsleepstagemonitoringinsleeplabs.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthearticle?A.WhyNaturalAwakeningsFeelBetter? B.TheRoleofDreamsinSleepCycles.C.HowtoWakeUpEarlyWithoutanAlarm? D.TheImpactofBiologicalClockonSleepQuality.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了自然醒来和被突然叫醒感觉不同的原因，探讨了睡眠的科学原理，包括睡眠周期、REM睡眠阶段以及大脑如何通过内部时钟调节睡眠和觉醒。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Then,about90minutesafteryoufirstfallasleep,youenterthefourthstage,whichisREMsleep.Thisisastageoflightersleepwhereyoudomuchofyourdreaming.(然后，在你第一次入睡约90分钟后，你进入了第四阶段，即REM睡眠。这是一个睡眠较浅的阶段，你会做很多梦。)”可知，在REM睡眠阶段，人们会频繁做梦，且处于浅睡眠状态。故选C项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Whenyouwakeupinthemorningonyourown,it’susuallyasyoucometotheendofwhateverstageofsleepyouwerein.Thinkofitlikegettingoffthetrainwhenitcomestoastopatthestation.Butwhenanalarmorsomeoneelsewakesyouup,it’slikejumpingoffthetrainbetweenstops,whichcanfeeldisturbing.That’swhyit’sgoodtowakeupnaturallywheneverpossible.(当你早上自己醒来时，通常是在你睡眠的某个阶段结束时。想象一下，这就像火车在车站停下来时你下车一样。但是，当闹钟或其他人把你叫醒时，就像在两站之间跳下火车，这会让你感到不安。这就是为什么尽可能自然醒来是件好事。)”可知，作者在第四段中使用两个明喻是为了说明自然醒来和被突然叫醒之间的区别。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Peoplecanactuallytraintheirbrainstowakeupatascheduledtimeeachdaythatisanaturalstoppingpoint.(人们实际上可以训练他们的大脑在每天一个预定的时间，即一个自然的停止点醒来。)”可知，文章接下来可能会讨论调整到自然醒来的方法。故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“We’veallexperiencedit:wakingupnaturallyfeelsrefreshing,whilebeingsuddenlywokenbyanalarmorsomeoneelseleavesushalf-asleep.Why?Tounderstandthis,let’sexplorethescienceofsleeping.(我们都有过这样的经历：自然醒来会让人感觉神清气爽，而突然被闹钟或别人叫醒则会让我们半睡半醒。为什么？为了理解这一点，让我们来探索睡眠的科学。)”可知，文章主要探讨了自然醒来和被突然叫醒感觉不同的原因，并解释了睡眠的科学原理。因此，A选项(为什么自然醒来感觉更好？)”最适合作为文章的标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforStayingSharpIt’snormaltofeeloutofitfromtimetotimeorperhapsyou’refeelingabitsluggish(迟钝的)whenitcomestorememberingthings.____16____,tryoutthesefivetipstostaysharp.____17____.You’veprobablyheardtheterm“youarewhatyoueat.”Ifyoudecidetoeatsugaryfoodsthatareheavywithfats,thenexpecttofeellazyandhavenoenergy.Butifyoudecidetoeatfruits,vegetablesandmakeotherhealthyeatingdecisionsyou’llfindthatyou’refullofenergy.Neverstoplearning.____18____—whetheritispuzzles,reading,cookingorothertasksthatwillkeepyourmindworking.Ifyourmindisalwayslearningnewthingsandactive,you’llrealizethatit’smucheasierforyoutolearnnewthings.Rememberyoubrainisamuscleandifyouwanttogetthemostoutofit,youmustuseit.Stayfit.Beingingoodhealthisabigpartofstayingsharp.____19____,yourbodyisnotgoingtogiveyoutheenergythatrequiresrememberingthingsandcompletingtasks.However,ifyouputtheeffortintobeinghealthythenyourbodywillgivetheenergyyouneedtoachieveyourgoals.Ensureenoughsleep.Besuretogetthenecessaryamountofsleepthatyourbodyneedstofunctiononadailybasis.____20____.Italsohelpsyourbodybuildupanenergyreservesoyoucanimproveyourabilitytofocusandavoiddistractions.A.FeedyourbrainB.AvoideatingtoomuchC.IfyouchoosetobelazyD.LackofsleepleadstotirednessandslowreactionE.Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourforgetfulnessF.Accordingtostudies,sleephelpsstrengthenandrecoveryourmemoriesG.Challengeyourselfconstantly【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.C20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保持思维敏锐的五个小贴士，包括健康饮食、不断学习、保持健康、保证充足睡眠等。【16题详析】根据上文“It’snormaltofeeloutofitfromtimetotimeorperhapsyou’refeelingabitsluggish(迟钝的)whenitcomestorememberingthings.(有时候，当你想起一些事情的时候，你会感到心不在焉，或者感觉有点迟钝，这是很正常的)”和下文“tryoutthesefivetipstostaysharp(试试这五个保持思维敏锐的小贴士)”说明，如果有记忆力方面的担忧可以尝试这些方法。E选项“Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourforgetfulness(如果你担心自己健忘)”符合语境。故选E项。【17题详析】下文“You’veprobablyheardtheterm‘youarewhatyoueat.’Ifyoudecidetoeatsugaryfoodsthatareheavywithfats,thenexpecttofeellazyandhavenoenergy.Butifyoudecidetoeatfruits,vegetablesandmakeotherhealthyeatingdecisionsyou’llfindthatyou’refullofenergy.(你可能听过“人如其食”这句话。如果你决定吃高糖高脂的食物，那么你会感到懒惰且没有精力。但如果你决定吃水果、蔬菜并做出其他健康的饮食选择，你会发现自己充满活力)”强调了饮食对大脑和身体状态的影响。A选项“Feedyourbrain(滋养你的大脑)”符合语境，因为健康饮食就是在滋养大脑，为大脑提供能量。故选A项。【18题详析】下文“whetheritispuzzles,reading,cookingorothertasksthatwillkeepyourmindworking(无论是拼图、阅读、烹饪还是其他能让你的大脑运转的任务)”说明要不断做一些能让大脑活动的事情。G选项“Challengeyourselfconstantly(不断挑战自己)”与之呼应，不断挑战自己去做各种能让大脑工作的任务，才能让大脑保持活跃。故选G项。【19题详析】下文“yourbodyisnotgoingtogiveyoutheenergythatrequiresrememberingthingsandcompletingtasks(你的身体将无法为你提供记忆事情和完成任务所需的能量)”描述了一种不好的身体状态下的结果。C选项“Ifyouchoosetobelazy(如果你选择偷懒)”能引出这种结果，因为偷懒不保持健康，身体就无法提供足够能量。故选C项。【20题详析】上文“Besuretogetthenecessaryamountofsleepthatyourbodyneedstofunctiononadailybasis(一定要保证身体日常运转所需的必要睡眠时间)”强调了睡眠的重要性。F选项“Accordingtostudies,sleephelpsstrengthenandrecoveryourmemories(根据研究，睡眠有助于强化和恢复你的记忆)”进一步说明了睡眠对记忆的好处，与上文强调睡眠重要性相呼应。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The29-year-oldWuQuansuihasworkedinthekindergartenforsixyears.Manyofher___21___callher“MotherWu”,andherclosenesswiththestudentsisthemainreasonshehasstayedonthe___22___longaftermanyofherpeershaveleft.Theconditionswerenot___23___whenshefirstarrivedontheisland,andaboatcarrieddailynecessitiestotheisolated(偏远的)communityoncea___24___.Theconditionwassotoughthattherewas___25___meat,theteachersmainlyatecabbagesandcarrots,andtheyalso___26___freshwater,shesaid,addingthattheyhadtouseseawaterintheshower.Unlikeinotherschools,theteachersattheschoolspendmostofthedaywiththeirstudents.“Wedon’thavemuchtodoasthereisnotmuch___27___onthissmallisland,soafterthestudentshaveeatendinner,theycomebacktotheschooland___28___withus.Sometimes,they___29___moretimewithusthanwiththeirparents,”Wusaid.“Whentherewasnoschoolontheisland,thechildrenhadtogofarawaytostudy,sotheycouldonly___30___theirparentsafewtimesayear.Ourschooloffersthemtheopportunitytobetogetherwithfamilies,andthat’swhatreally___31___me.”Conditionsontheislandarealsoimproving.Now,therearetwoboatseveryweekandagrocerystorehasopened.Theschoolhasalsobeen___32___fromatwo-storybuildingintoafour-storyone.Her___33___withtheschoolexpires(到期)nextyear,butsheplansto___34___itandstaytoseemorechildren___35___ontheislandhappily.21.A.colleagues B.pupils C.fellows D.neighbors22.A.farm B.campus C.village D.island23.A.tough B.good C.poor D.familiar24.A.month B.year C.week D.season25.A.little B.enough C.much D.various26.A.lacked B.sold C.applied D.needed27.A.development B.entertainment C.movement D.apartment28.A.live B.study C.discuss D.play29.A.spend B.take C.cost D.pay30.A.call B.visit C.hear D.meet31.A.explores B.bothers C.encourages D.challenges32.A.explained B.exchanged C.expected D.expanded33.A.contract B.contact C.context D.content34.A.recall B.leave C.renew D.respond35.A.takeoff B.growup C.breakout D.givein【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.A26.A27.B28.D29.A30.D31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。文章描述了一位在岛上幼儿园工作了六年的教师吴泉穗的事迹，讲述了她与学生们之间的亲密关系以及岛上学校条件的改善。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的许多学生都叫她“吴妈妈”，她与学生的亲密关系是她在许多同龄人离开后仍留在岛上的主要原因。A.colleagues同事；B.pupils学生；C.fellows同伴；D.neighbors邻居。根据前文“The29-year-oldWuQuansuihasworkedinthekindergartenforsixyears.”可知，吴泉穗在幼儿园工作，所以应是她的学生叫她“吴妈妈”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的许多学生都叫她“吴妈妈”，她与学生的亲密关系是她在许多同龄人离开后仍留在岛上的主要原因。A.farm农场；B.campus校园；C.village村庄；D.island岛屿。根据后文“Theconditionswerenotwhenshefirstarrivedontheisland”可知，她是在一个岛上教学，所以是仍留在岛上。故选D项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她刚到岛上时，条件并不好，一艘船每周运送一次生活必需品到这个与世隔绝的社区。A.tough艰难的；B.good好的；C.poor贫穷的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据后文“Theconditionwassotough”可知，条件很艰苦，并不好。故选B项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她刚到岛上时，条件并不好，一艘船每周运送一次生活必需品到这个与世隔绝的社区。A.month月；B.year年；C.week周；D.season季节。根据后文“Now,therearetwoboatseveryweekandagrocerystorehasopened.”可知，现在是每周有两艘船，所以之前是一艘船每周运送一次生活必需品。故选C项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，条件非常恶劣，几乎没有肉，老师们主要吃卷心菜和胡萝卜，而且他们也缺乏淡水，他们不得不用海水洗澡。A.little少的；B.enough足够的；C.much多的；D.various各种各样的。根据后文“theteachersmainlyatecabbagesandcarrots”可知，老师们主要吃卷心菜和胡萝卜，所以是几乎没有肉。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，条件非常恶劣，几乎没有肉，老师们主要吃卷心菜和胡萝卜，而且他们也缺乏淡水，他们不得不用海水洗澡。A.lacked缺少；B.sold卖；C.applied应用；D.needed需要。根据后文“theyhadtouseseawaterintheshower.”可知，用海水洗澡，所以他们也缺乏淡水。故选A项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有太多的事情要做，因为这个小岛上没有太多的娱乐活动，所以学生们吃完晚饭后，他们就会回到学校和我们一起玩。A.development发展；B.entertainment娱乐；C.movement运动；D.apartment公寓。根据后文“soafterthestudentshaveeatendinner,theycomebacktotheschool”可知，学生们吃完晚饭后，他们就会回到学校，所以小岛上没有太多的娱乐活动。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有太多的事情要做，因为这个小岛上没有太多的娱乐活动，所以学生们吃完晚饭后，他们就会回到学校和我们一起玩。A.live居住；B.study学习；C.discuss讨论；D.play玩耍。根据前文“Wedon’thavemuchtodoasthereisnotmuchonthissmallisland,soafterthestudentshaveeatendinner,theycomebacktotheschool”可知，岛上没有太多的娱乐活动，所以学生会回到学校和老师们一起玩。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，他们和我们在一起的时间比和父母在一起的时间还多。A.spend花费（时间/金钱）；B.take花费（时间）；C.cost花费（金钱/代价）；D.pay支付。根据前文“theycomebacktotheschoolandwithus”可知，学生们吃完晚饭后，他们就会回到学校和老师们一起玩，所以和老师们在一起的时间比和父母在一起的时间还多。故选A项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在岛上没有学校的时候，孩子们不得不去很远的地方学习，所以他们一年只能与父母见几次面。A.call呼叫；B.visit看望；C.hear听见；D.meet遇见。根据前文“Whentherewasnoschoolontheisland,thechildrenhadtogofarawaytostudy”可知，如果在岛上没有学校的时候，孩子们不得不去很远的地方学习，以他们一年只能与父母见几次面。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们学校为他们提供了与家人在一起的机会，这才是真正鼓励我的地方。A.explores探索；B.bothers打扰；C.encourages鼓励；D.challenges挑战。根据前文“Whentherewasnoschoolontheisland,thechildrenhadtogofarawaytostudy,sotheycouldonlytheirparentsafewtimesayear.”可知，如果在岛上没有学校的时候，孩子们不得不去很远的地方学习，那么他们一年只能去看望父母几次，而学校提供的机会让学生能够与家人团聚，这给了作者很大的鼓舞和动力。故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这所学校也从一栋两层的建筑扩建成了一栋四层的建筑。A.explained解释；B.exchanged交换；C.expected期望；D.expanded扩展。根据后文“fromatwo-storybuildingintoafour-storyone.”可知，学校从一栋两层的建筑扩建成了一栋四层的建筑。故选D项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她与学校的合同将于明年到期，但她计划续签，并留在岛上，看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长。A.contract合同；B.contact联系；C.context上下文；D.content内容。根据后文“withtheschoolexpires(到期)nextyear”结合选项可知，应是合同到期。故选A项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她与学校的合同将于明年到期，但她计划续签，并留在岛上，看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长。A.recall回忆；B.leave离开；C.renew更新；D.respond回应。根据后文“staytoseemorechildrenontheislandhappily”可知，她想看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长，所以在合同到期后，会续签。故选C项。【35题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她与学校的合同将于明年到期，但她计划续签，并留在岛上，看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长。A.takeoff起飞；B.growup成长；C.breakout爆发；D.givein放弃。根据前文“staytoseemorechildren”结合选项，应是“看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长”符合语境。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheBeautifulForbiddenCityTheForbiddenCity,oneofthemostfamouslandmarksinChina,____36____(stand)attheheartofBeijing,carryingover600yearsofhistory.Havingwitnessedthereignsof24emperors,ithasbecomeasymbolofChina’srichculturalheritage.Visitorsareoftenamazedbythegrandhallsanddelicategardens,whicharedesignedwithgreataccuracy____37____(reflect)traditionalChineseculture.Astheypassthroughthebigredgates,theyareimmediatelytransportedbackintime.Theintricatecarvingsandgoldenrooftops,whichshinebrilliantlyunderthesun,addtothepalace’s____38____(beautiful).AlthoughChinaishometomanyhistoricalsites,feware____39____(impressive)thantheForbiddenCity.Itisaplace____40____ancientartandimperialpowerareperfectlycombined,attractingmillionsoftouristseachyear.Strictruleshavebeenappliedtopreventdamage____41____carelessvisitors,ensuringitscharmremainswellreservedforfuturegenerations.Thesiteappearsespeciallymagicalinwinter,whenathinlayerofsnow____42____(cover)therooftopsmakesthegoldenbricksshineevenbrighter.Inrecentyears,moderntechnologies____43____(use)toprotectandrestorethisancientmasterpiece.Thankstotheseefforts,peoplecancontinuetoappreciateitsmagnificencefor____44____(century)tocome.Forthosewholovehistoryandarchitecture,_____45_____visittotheForbiddenCityisamust.ItisnotonlyahistoricallandmarkbutalsoatreasureofChinesecivilization.【答案】36.stands37.toreflect38.beauty39.moreimpressive40.where41.from42.covering43.havebeenused44.centuries45.a【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国著名的地标性建筑——故宫。【36题详析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：故宫，中国最著名的地标性建筑之一，坐落在北京的中心，承载着600多年的历史。此处表示客观事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语TheForbiddenCity是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填stands。【37题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：