英语四级15选10专项训练

大学英语四级考试15选10专项训练

UnitOne

Questions1to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Lookingbackonyearsoflivinginaworking-classhomeintheNorthofEngland,Ishouldsaythatagoodlivingroom

must1J.threeprincipalthings:homeliness,warmthandplentyofgoodfood.Theliving-roomisthewarmheartofthe

familyand]_2oftenslightlystuffytoamiddle-classvisitor.Itisnotasocialcentrebutafamilycenter;littleentertaining

goesonthereorinthefrontroom,iftherej_3tobeone;youdonotentertaininanythingapproachingthemiddle-class14

Thewife'ssociallifeoutsideher15familyisfoundoverthewashing-line,althelittleshoponthecomer,visitingrelativesat

amoderateJ6occasionally,andperhapsnowandagainavisitwithherhusbandtohispuborclub.Apartfromthesetwo

places,hehasjusthisworkandhisfootballmatches.Theywillhave,eachofthem,friendsatalltheseplaces,whomay

wellnotknowwhattheinsideof(heirhouseislike,havingnever"steppedacrossthe(hreshold/1astheold17phrasehasit.

Thefamilyhearthis18forthefamilyitself,andthosewhoarc"somethingtous"(anothcrfavoriteformula)

andwholookinforatalkorjusttosit.Muchofthefreetimeofamanandhiswifewill19bepassedatthathearth.Just

stayinginisslilloneofthemostcommonleisure-lime20

A.happensB.professionsC.senseD.nevertheless

E.FashionedF.distanceG.immediateH.usually

I.occupationsJ.preservedK.imitateL.provide

M.thereforeNreserved0.contribute

UnitTwo

Passage2

Flyingoveradesertareainanairplane,twoscientistslookeddownwithtrainedeyesattreesandbushes.Afteranhour'sjj.

oneofthescientistswroteinhisbook,"Lookherefor\2metal."Scientistsinanotherairplane,flyingoveramountain

region,senta13tootherscientistsoniheground,"Goldpossible."Walkingacrosshillyground,fourscientistsreported,

"Thisgroundshouldbesearchedformetals.MFromanairplaneoverahillywastelandascientistsentbackbyradioone

word,"Uranium."

NoneofthescientistshadX-rayeyes：theyhadno14powersforlookingdownbelowtheearth'ssurface.Theywere15

puttingtouseoneofthenewestmethodsof16mineralsintheground-usingtreesandplantsas_17that

certainmineralsmayliebeneaththegroundonwhichthetreesand

plantsaregrowing.

Thisnewestmethodofsearchingformineralsis18onthefactthatmineralsdeepintheearthmay19

thekindofbushesandtreesthatgrowonthesurface.

AtWatsonBarCreek,abrooksixthousandfeethighinthemountainsofBritishColumbia,Canada,arr.ineralsearchgroup

gatheredbagsoftreeseeds.Boxeswerefilledwithsmallbranchesfromthetrees.Rootsweredugandputintoboxes.Each

bagandboxwas20marked.Inascientificlaboratoryihepartsoftheforesttreeswereburnedtoashesandtested.Each

smallpar【wasexaminedtolearnwhether【hereweremineralsinit.__________

A.signsB.sufficientlyC.locatingD.affect

E.merelyF.magicG.hintsH.carefully

I.findingJ.messageK.flightL.probable

M.revealingN.basedO.information

UnitThree

America'smostfamouswomanistheGoddessofLiberty,i.e.theStatueofLiberty.Itwasfirstthoughtofin1865by

EdouarddeLaboulayeanddesignedbyanotherFrenchman,FredericBartoldi.Theywantedto11libertyand

friendship.

Itwashopedthatthemonumentwouldbecompletedby1876whenAmerica12itscentennial.Fundraisingandthe13

ofthestatueinFrancewentslowly.Itwas1885whenthe214cratescontainingthestatuereachedNewYork.

Americanswereinitially14fortheyhadnotraisedthemoneytopayfortheerectionofthebase.Fundraising

bypopularsubscriptionwasbehind15.OnefundraisingmethodusedwastohavepopularAmericanswriteletters

whichwerethensoldinpublic.

Thebaseandstatue,16272feeltall,werecompletedin1886.Froma17standpoint,(hestatueisamarvel.

TheinnerstructurewasdesignedbytheFrenchengineer,AlexandreEiffel.Hisdesignforthestressedcopperskinofthe

statueanticipatedmanyofthe18utilizedinmodernaircraft.

Afteracentury,themonumentbegan(oshowsignsofgettingworsein19JustasFrenchmenhadcreatedtheStatue,

soitwaswithrestoration.

AFrenchmannotedthedecayandFrenchandAmericancraftsmenandcontributionsbroughtabouttherenewalofthe

Statueintimeforitscentennial.Libertyisstill20inFranceandtheUniledStates.

A.ccmplctclyB.measuresC.popularD.together

E.honorF.manufactureG.scheduleH.reward

I.cslebratedJ.principlesK.embarrassedL.technical

M.voluntaryNconditions0.discouraged

UnitFour

SophyBrentcametovisitmenearlyeveryday.Shemademefeeluneasymostofthetime.ShesmokedJJ.andneverused

anashtray.ShefollowedmeintothekitchenwhileImadeteaorcoffeeorsupperand12herselftothechildren'sorange

juice.Shemadeagreathitwithmytwo-year-olddaughterFlora,whowould13aboutherforhoursandrefertoher

lovinglyas"sofa",andshewasalwaystalkingaboutmyhusbandandaskingmewherehewas.

IcouldnotdecidewhyshechosemyJ4,althoughIrealizedthatnobodyelsepaidherverymuchattention.Hersituation

wasverydifficultinthatshewasL5outofdramaschoolandonlynineteen,butbeing16toplayaleadingpartina

companyoffairlyJ_7andexperiencedactors.Theywouldnothavelikedhermuchevenifshehadbeengood,andas,from

allaccounts,shewasnotgoodsotheytookevery]_8torunherdown.IthinkshethoughtthatIwastheonlypersonaround

whowasbothunconnectedwiththetheatreandtolerablyj_9.Toassociatewithmewasnot,atanyrate,tostepdownthe

scale.Andtormypart,althoughIfelttroubledbyherIdidnotdislikeher.Therewassomethinggenuinelyoutstandingin

herpersonality,andshehadsuchphysical20thatwithmeshecouldgetawaywithanything.Shewasnicetohavearound,

likeflowersorabowloffruit.

A.helpedB.smartB.constantlyD.treated

E.requiredF.supremeG.hangH.charm

I.continuallyJ.companyK.opportunityL.distinguished

M.straightN.partner0.disappoinled

UnitFive

Manypeopleoftenenjoyeatingouteitherbeforeorafteravisittothetheatre.However,mostofuswouldratherkeepthe

twoHseparate.Onemanwhothinksthattheycanbesuccessfullycombinedhasnotonlyexpressedhisideasinarecent

book,butalsosetupanestablishmentwherethetheoryisputvery12intopractice.ThemanisPaulThornton,andthe

placeistheHollies,anoldfarmhouse.

WheneverIvisitanewrestaurant,Ifeelthesameexcitementthatkeentheatre-goersmustexperienceor.openingnight.I

hadthisfeelinglastFridayeveningatdusk,asmywifeandIweretakingawalkinthebeautifulgardensoftherestaurant

13afterwehadarrived.Dinnerwasasexcellentaswehadbeen14.Thereisnomenu,fbrMr.Thorntoncreateshismeals

ratherasadirectorproducesaplay.Nevertheless,thevariouscombinationsofJ_5ateachcoursearealways16asifthey

weredonebyiikigiu.HeandliisIcamufhighlyskilledhelpersserve,cuttinduuokllicfood,movingabuulllic"stage"<is

confidentlyas17actors.Themealisasdifferentfromwhatonefindsinordinaryrestaurantsasa18performanceofA

MidsummerNight'sDreamwouldbefromasecond-ratetelevisionproduction.

MayIofferafewwordsofadviceincaseyouarethinkingofpayinghimavisit.Trynottoarrivejustafternoon,asMr.

Thorntondoesnotserveanormallunch.His"brunch"which19thebest20ofatraditional

Englishbreakfast,isservedaroundeleveno'clockandissoplentifulthatlunchisunnecessary.

A.featuresB.shortlyC.potentialD.definitelyE.perfect

F.promotedG.liveH.professionalI.charactersJ.promised

K.choicesL.includesM.pleasuresN.vigorouslyO.substitutions

UnitSix

StudentexpeditionsdoagreatdealofgoodworkontheArcticislandsbutfromtimetotimecausetroubleinthehuts,

probablybecausestudentsarenotfamliarwiththe11ofthelittlewoodenhutsdottedallovertheislandsofthe

Spizbergengroup.

Eachhut12hasaninnerandanouterdoor,shuttersoverthewindows,astoreofwood13upoutside,drychopped

woodinside,utensilsandcutlery,andaboveall,asmallstoreoffood.Allthesethingsmustbecompletelyin14

wheneverthehutisleft.

Itmakesno15ifitisonlythemiddleofJuly.That16hutmaynotbevisitedagainbeforethewinter.Adoorleft

opencanleadeithertosnowfillingupthehuttotheceiling,or17still,windblowingtheroofoff.Unfastenedshutters

leave(hewindowsaneasypreyfbrpolarbears18forfoodandtheresultisagainsnowin(hehut.Theready-choppedwood

isalsovciyimportant.

Atravelervisitingthehutinthemiddhofthedarktimeandperhapsinbadweather,hisfeet,handsandfacebittenbythe

frost,willhavehisdifficultiesdoubledifthewoodhelefthasbeenusedupbyothersandhehadnothingwithwhichto

19afire.

Tenormoreyearsagotherewereenoughhunterstolookaftermostofthehuts,butnowmanybuildingshavebecome

uselessbecausethereisnoonetorepairthemandbecauseof20_______

A.worseB.peculiarC.laidD.light

E.generallyF.orderG.particularH.conventions

I.carelessnessJ.differenceK.builtL.fashions

M.searchingN.ordinarilyO.result

UnitSeven

Mostofustrademoneyforentertainment.Movies,concertsandshowsarcenjoyablebut11.Ifyouthinkthatyoucan't

haveagoodtimewithoutspendingalotofmoney,readon.Alittleresourcefulnessandafewminutesof

newspaper-scanningshouldgiveyousomepleasantsurprises.

Peoplemaybethemostinterestingshowinalargecity.12throughbusystreetsandseewhateverybodyelseisdoing.You

willprobablyseepeoplefromallovertheworld;youwill13seepeopleofeveryage,size,andshape,andyou'llgetafree

fashionshow,too.Window-shoppingisalsoa14sportifthestoresareclosed.

Checkthelistingsinyourneighborhoodpaper.Localcollegesorschoolsoften15thepublictohearaninterestingspeaker

oragood16.Thefilmorconcertseriesatthelocalpubliclibraryprobablywon'tcostyouapenny.Besuretocheck

commercialadvertisementstoo.Afleamarketcanprovidehoursofpleasantlookinground.Perhapsyoucanfindafree

cookingorcrafts£7inadepartmentstore.

Planaheadforsomeactivities.Itisalv/aysmorepleasantnottohavepeopleinfrontofyouinamuseumoratazoo.You

maysavesomemoney,too,sincetheseplacesoften18asideoneortwofree19daysatslowtimesduringtheweek.Make

surethatyouareincludingtheindispensable20thatpeopletravelmilestosee.Ifyoufeelliketakingan

iniereslingwalk,findafreewalking【cur,orplanoneyourself.

A.expensiveB.WonderC.debateD.admission

E.setF.WanderG.safeH.addition

I.valuableJ.disputeK.welcomeL.confidently

M.sightsN.demonstrationO.certainly

UnitEight

Whenapersonfeelslow,blue,ordownintheclumps,itusuallymeanshehasbeenhurt,disappointed,orsaddenedby

somethingthatcausesaconfusedandlistlessfeeling.Thereis11atypeofmusiccalled"theblue",alow,mournful,sad

soundto12theseuniversalhumanfeelings.

Depressionisanothernameforthismood.Feelingdepressedisanormalandnatural13toexperiencesofloss,failure,

andundeservedbadluck.Indeed,ithasbeenpointedoutthatwithoutdepression,wewould14muchoftheworld'sgreat

tragicliterature,music,andart.

Insomecases,however,depressionbecomessomethingmorethanjust15feelingsofbluesorletdown.Alarge

numberofpeoplesufferfromwhatpsychiatristscall"depressiveillness."Depressiveillnessismore16andlastslonger

thancommonlistlessfeelings.Sometimesaserious17ofdepressioncanbeginwiththelossofaloveconeorachangeof

job.Manylimes,invery

18cases,theredoesn'tseemtobeanycircumstanceseriousenoughtohavecausedthedepression.

Somepsychiatristssuggestthatthekeyfeatureindepressionischange.Thepersonbecomesdiftcrcntfromtheway

beforetheonsetofhisdepression.Hemayevenbecometheoppositeofhisusualself.Therearemanyexamples:the

businessmanwhobecomesawanderer,themotherwhowantsto19herchildrenandherself.Insteadotseekingsatisfaction

andpleasure,thedepressedperson20it.__________________________

A.everB.escapeC.intenseD.response

E.avoidsF.evenG.expressH.realization

I.severeJ.lessenK.denseL.period

M.harmN.lackO.normal

UnitNine

Agrowingworldpopulationandthediscoveriesofsciencemay11thispatternofdistributioninthefuture.Asmenslowly

learntomasterdiseases,controlfloods,preventfamines,andstopwars,fewerpeopledieeveiyyear;andin12the

populationoftheworldis13increasing.In1925therewereabout2.000millionpeoplein(heworld:bytheendof(he

centurytheremaywellbeover4,0(X)million.

Whennumbersrisethe14mouthsmustbefed.NewlandsmustbeIboughtundercultivation,orlandalreadyfarmedmade

to15largercrops.Insomeareastheaccessiblelandislargelysointensively16thatitwillbedifficulttomakeitprovide

morefood.Insomeareasthepopulationissodensethatthelandisparceledoutinunitstoo17toallowformuch

improvementinfarmingmethods.Werealargerpartofthisfarmingpopulationdrawnoffintoindustrialoccupations,the

landmightbefarmedmuchmoreproductivelybymodernmethods.

Thereisnowaraceforscience,technology,andindustrytokeepthe18offoodrisingfasterthanthenumberof

peopletobefed.Newstrainsofcropsarebeingdevelopedwhichwillthrivein19climates;irrigationand

dry-farmingmethodsbringpoorlandsundertheplough,damsholdbackthewatersofgreatriversto20water

forthsfieldsinallseasonsandtoprovideelectricpowerfornewindustries;industrialchemistry

providesfertilizerstosuitparticularsoils;aeroplanesspraycropstodestroyinsectsandmanyplant

diseases.

A.ensureB.violentlyC.alterD.harmfulE.

cultivatedF.uniqueG.transplantedH.yieldI.

consequenceJ.outputK.extraL.steadilyM.tinyN.

unfavorableO.produce

UnitTen

IntheUnitedStates,itisnot11totelephonesomeoneveryearlyinthemorning.Ifyoutelephonehimearlyintheday,

whileheisshavingorhavingbreakfast,thetimeofthecallshowsthatthematterisveryimportantandrequiresimmediate

attention.Thesamemeaningisattachedtotelephonecallsmadeafter11:(X)p.m..Ifsomeonereceivesacallduring

sleepinghours,he12it'samatteroflifeanddeath.Thetimechosenforthecall13itsimportance.

In14life,timeplaysaveryimportantpart.IntheU.S.A.,gueststendtofeeltheyarenothighlyregardedifthe15toa

dinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfourdaysbefore(hepartydate.Butitisnottrueinallcountries.Inotherareasofthe

world,itmaybeconsideredfoolishtomakeanappointmenttoofarin16becauseplanswhicharcmadeforadatemore

thanaweekawaytendtobeforgotten.Themeaningoftimediffersindifferentpartsoftheworld.Thus,misunderstandings

17betweenpeoplefromculturesthattreattimedifferently.

Promptnessisvalued18inAmericanlife,forexample.Ifpeoplearenetprompt,theymayberegardedasimpoliteornot

fullyresponsible.IntheU.S.noonewouldthinkofkeepingabusiness19waitingforanhour,itwouldbetooimpolite.A

personwhois5minuteslateis20tomakeashort

apology.Ifheislessthan5minuteslate,hewillsayafewwordsofexplanation,though

perhapshewillnotcompleiethesentence._______________________________

A.highlyB.engagementc.customaryD.social

E.informF.invitationG.advanceH.absence

I.heavilyJ.associateK.expectedL.assumes

M.habitualN.ariseO.communicates

UnitEleven

Personalityis,toalargeextent,inherent—A-lypeparents,usuallybringaboutA-typechildren.Buttheenvironmentmust

alsohavea11effect,winceifcompetitionisimportanttotheparentsitislikelytobecomeamajor12inthelivesoftheir

children.

OneplacewherechildrensoakupAcharacteristicsisschool,whichis,byitsverynature,ahighlycompetitiveinstitution.

Toomanyschools13the"winatallcosts"moralstandardandmeasuretheirsuccessbysportingachievements.The

current14formakingchildrencompeteagainsttheirclassmatesoragainsttheclockproducesatwo-layersystem,inwhich

competitiveAtypesseeminsomewaybelter(hantheirB-typefellows.Being15keentowincanhavedangerous

consequences:rememberthatPhcidippidcs,thefirstmarathonrunner,droppeddeadsecondsaftersaying;"cheers,wc

conquer!"

Byfartheworstformofcompetitioninschoolsistheextreme16onexaminations.Itisarareschoolthatallowspupilsto

17onthosethingstheydowell.Themeritsofcompetitionbyexaminationarcsomewhat18,butcompetitioninthecertain

knowledgeoffailureispositivelyharmful.

Obviously,itisneither19nordesirable(hatallAyoungsterschangeintoB's.Theworldneedstypes,and

schoolshaveanimportantdutytotryto20achild'spersonalitytohispossiblefutureemployment.Itistop

management________________________________________________________

A.enoughB.fitC.emphasisD.practical

E.innumerableF.concentrateG.adoptH.questionable

I.profoundJ.factorK.tooL.substance

M.passionN.emotionO.fix

UNIT12

Asthe11oflifecontinuestoincrease,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinhabitofrushingthroughlife,

beingonthegofrommorningtillnight,itishardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.

Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisnotthebadthingitisoften12tobe.A

certainamountofstressis13toprovidemotivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhen(hestressgetsoutofcontrol

thatitcanleadtopoor14andillhealth.

Theamountofstressapersoncan15dependsverymuchontheindividual.Somepeoplearenotafraidofstress,andsuch

charactersare16primematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.Othersloseheartatthefirstsignsof17difficulties.When

exposedtostress,inwhateverform,wereactbothchemicallyandphysically.Infactwcmakechoicebetween"fight"or

"flight"andinmoreprimitivedaysthechoicesmadethedifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecriseswemeettodayare

unlikelytobeso18,buthoweverlittlethestress,itinvolvesthesameresponse.Itiswhensuchareactionlastslong,

throughcontinued19tostress,thathealthbecomesendangered.Suchseriousconditionsashighbloodpressureandheart

diseasehaveestablishedlinkswithstress.Sincewecannot20stressfromourlives(itwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwe

could),weneedtofindwaystodealv/ithit.

A.cancelB.paceC.extremeD.automatically

E.removeF.vitalG.performanceH.supposed

I.rateJ.exposureK.achievementL.unusual

MobviouslyNwithstandOharsh

UnitThirteen

Whatisyourfavoritecolor?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactiveperson

who11life,peopleandexcitement.Doyouprefergreysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldrather

followthanlead.You12tobeapessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausethey

havebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolorpreference,aswellastheeffectthatcolorshaveonhumanbeings.They

tellus,amongother13,thatwedonolchooseourfavoritecoloraswegrowup—wearebornwithourpreference.Ifyou

happentolovebrown,youdidso,assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.

Colorsdo14ourmoods—thereisnodoubtaboutit.Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmore

relaxedihanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.Ontheotherhand,black

is15AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethe16ofmoresuicidesthananyotherbridgeinthe

area—untilitwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfell17;perhapsitwouldhavefalleneven

moreifthebridgehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.

Lightand18colorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.Itis

an19factthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhavefewer20when(heirmachinesarepainted

orangeratherthanblackorgrey.________________________________________

A.brightB.sceneC.whollyD.favor

E.factsF.depressingG.accidentsH.interfere

I.establishedJ.incidentsK.disgJustingpL.sharply

M.enjoysN.tend0.influence

UnitFourteen

Womsnarealsounderrepresentedintheadministrationand(hisisbecausetherearesofewwomen11professors.In1985,

RegentBerylMilburnproducedareportblastingtheUniversityofTexasSystemadministrationfornot12women.The

Universitywasratedamongthelowestforthesystem.Ina1587update.Milbum13andpraisedtheprogressthatwasmade

andcalledforevenmore14

Oneofthepositiveresultsfromherstudywasasystem-wideprogramtoinformwomenofavailableadministrativejobs.

CollegeofCommunicationAssociateDean,PatriciaWitherspoon,saiditisimportantthatwomanbe15whenitcomesto

relocatingiftheywantto16intheranks.

Althoughawomanmayfaceachilly17oncampus,manytimesinorderforhertosucceed,shemustriseabovethe

problemsaroundherandconcentrateonherwork.

Untilwomenmakeupagreater18oftheseniorpositionsintheUniversityandallacademia,inequalitieswillexist.

"WomenneedtospendtheirenergiesandtimedoingscholarlyactivitiesthatareimportanthereattheUniversity."

Spirdusosaid."Iftheydothattheywillbe19inthissystem.If(heyspendtheirtimeinlittlegroupsmourningthesexual

discriminationthattheythinkexistshere,ihcyare20wastingvaluablestudytime.“

A.fullB.recalledC.improvementD.rise

E.encouragingF.flexibleG.recognizedH.idly

I.ratioJ.persuadingK.movableL.possibly

M.successfulN.climate0.percentage

UnitFifteen

InOctober1987,theNationalBoardforProfessionalTeachingStandardsbeganitsworktosetnewstandards

ofaccomplishmentfortheteachingprofessionandtoimprovethe11ofeducationavailabletoall

childrenintheUnitedStates.

Teachersare12tostudentsandtheirlearning.Theymustactonthebeliefthatallstudentscanlearn.Theymustrecognize

13differencesintheirstudentsandadjusttheirpractice14.Theymustknowthattheirmissionextendsbeyonddeveloping

thecognitivecapacityoftheirstudents.Theymustbe15withtheirstudents'self-concept,withtheirmotivation,andwith

thedevelopmentofcharacter.

Teachersmustknowthesubjects(heyteachandhowtoteach(hem.Theymust16specializedknowledgeofhowtoconvey

asubjecttostudents.Teachersarcresponsibleformanagingandmonitoringstudentlearning.Theymustcallon17methods

tomeettheirgoals,knowingandbeingableto18avarietyofinstructionalskills.Teachersmustthinksystematicallyabout

theirpracticeandlearnfromexperience,seekingthe19ofothersanddrawingoneducationresearchandscholarshipto

improvetheirpractice.

Asmembersoflearningcommunities,teacherscontributetoschooleffectivenessbycollaboratingwithotherprofessionals.

Theytake___20of

communityresources,cultivatingknowledgeoftheirschool'scommunityasapowerfulresourceforlearning

A.employB.adviceC.quantityD.committed

E.commandF.consultedG.manualH.approximately

I.concernedJ.advantageK.multipleL.accordingly

M.individualN.embrace0.quality

UnitSixteen

Ifyouarelookingforinformation,libraryshelvesareagoodplace(ostart.Butifyouneedup-to-the-minutedataorhave

specializedneeds,youmayfindacomputerizeddatabasemoreuseful,lessexpensive,andlesstime11Adatabase,afileof

informationononesubjectorfamilyofsubjects,canbestoredand12inacomputer'smemory.Thespeedofthecomputer

then13youtorecallanyiteminthisfilealmost14

Thethreemaintypesofdatabasesarestatistical,bibliographic,andfulltext.Statisticaldatabasesstore15amountsof

numericaldata,suchaswageandpriceindexes,censusinformation,foreign16ratesandbondprices.Bibliographic

databasesstorereferencestoandsummariesofarticlesinperiodicalsandnewspapers.Full-textdatabasesofferthecomplex

textsofsuch17asnewspaper,magazine,andjournalarticles.

Thousandsofdatabasesexisttoday,andtheirnumbersaregrowing.Manycompanieshavetheirin-housedatabase,whichis

18toemployeesthroughcomputerterminalsormicrocomputers.Inaddition,severalhundredcommercialdatabasesarc

nowavailabletothe19,withliterallymillionsofitemsofinformationreadilyobtainable.Thesedatabases20specific

fields,suchaslawandfinancialforecasting,orgeneralinformation,suchassporlsandweatherdata.

A.exchangeB.publicC.instantlyD.cover

E.enablesF.consumingG.remainedH.materials

I.hideJ.intensivelyK.vastL.