高考英语精准备考一轮（外研版）讲义选修七Module3Literature

[一积词汇见多识广][课内单词回扣](一)阅读词汇写其义1．appetiten．胃口；食欲2.chokev．(使)窒息，(使)噎住3．ambassadorn.大使4.mournv.悼念，哀悼5．humbleadj.(身份、地位等)低下的6.hangv.绞死；吊死7．swallowv.吞下；咽下(食物或饮料)8.welfaren.幸福，福祉；健康(二)表达词汇写其形1．whisperv.低声地说；耳语2.seizev.抓住3．rewardn.酬谢；奖赏；赏金4.escapev.逃跑5．attainv.获得，达到6.repayv.报答；回报7．feedv.喂养；为……提供食品8.servev.端上(饭菜等)(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.acplishv．完成(任务等)，取得(成功)→acplishmentn．完成；成就，功绩2.crueladj.冷酷的→crueltyn．冷酷；残忍3.eageradj.热切的；渴望的→eagerlyadv.热切地*4.desperateadj.绝望的→desperatelyadv.绝望地；拼命地→desperationn．绝望5.intendv．打算→intentionn．打算；意图→intendedadj.预期的，预谋的6.illegallyadv.违法地；非法地→illegaladj.非法的→legaladj.合法的*7.distributev．分发，分配，分送→distributionn．分发*8.concernn．关心，担心v.担忧；涉及；关系到→concernedadj.关心的；有关的→concerningprep.关于；涉及*9.accumulatev．积累→accumulationn．积累，积聚10.starvationn．挨饿，饿死→starvev．(使)挨饿，(使)饿死→starvingadj.饥饿的，挨饿的用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1．Shebeesmoreandmoredesperateinthedaysofdesperation,_butshestillsavesthesituationdesperately.(desperate)2．Ourparentsaremoreconcernedaboutourhealthandfuture.AsfarasI'mconcerned,_weshouldtalkwithourparentsandtellthemourconcerns.(concern)3．Themanagerpromisedthatwhenweacplishthistask,hewillholdapartytocelebrateouracplishment.(acplish)4．Thepurposeofeducationisnotonlytheaccumulationofknowledge,butitalsomeansaccumulatingintelligenceaswellasabilities.(accumulate)5．Ourmonitordistributedalltheapplesamongusandthedistributionwasfair.(distribute)[话题单词积累]1．ode/əʊd/n．颂诗；颂歌2．lyric/'lIrIk/n.抒情诗3．satire/'sætaIə/n.讽刺诗4．sonnet/'sɒnIt/n.十四行诗5．rhythm/'rIðəm/n.节奏6．poetic/pəʊ'etIk/n．&adj.诗学；诗意的7．myth/mIθ/n.神话8．collection/kə'lekʃən/n.集；册9．anthology/æn'θɒlədʒI/n.选集10．dynasty/'dInəstI/n.朝代11．literature/'lIt(ə)rətʃə/n.文学12．episode/'epIsəʊd/n.逸事13．calligraphy/kə'lIɡrəfI/n.书法14．intonation/Intə'neIʃ(ə)n/n.语调15．describe/dI'skraIb/vt.描写；叙述16．description/dI'skrIpʃən/n.描述；描写17．remend/rekə'mend/v.推荐18．subscribe/səb'skraIb/vi.订阅；订购19．ancient/'eInʃ(ə)nt/adj.古代的20．modern/'mɒd(ə)n/adj.现代的21．saying/'seIIŋ/n.谚语22．adjust/ə'dʒʌst/v.调整；适应23．edition/I'dIʃən/n.版本24．appreciate/ə'priːʃIeIt/vt.欣赏25．appreciation/əpriːʃI'eIʃən/n.欣赏26．precious/'preʃəs/adj.宝贵的27．civilization/ˌsIvIlaI'zeIʃən/n.文明28．relaxation/riːlæk'seIʃ(ə)n/n.放松29．product/'prɒdʌkt/n.产品30．wisdom/'wIzdəm/n.智慧31．experience/Ik'spIərIəns/n.经验；经历[二积短语顿挫抑扬][课内短语回扣](一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.stare_at凝视，盯着看*2.in_astonishment惊讶地，吃惊地*3.in_a_...voice用……声音(说)，……声地4.a_huge/large_amount_of大量的*5.bring_sth._to_the_attention_of_sb.使某人关注某事6.be_cruel_to对……残忍7.pick_out挑选出；辨认出*8.suffer_from遭受*9.put_up张贴(通知、海报等)，建造10.let_go_of放开，放弃(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1．Alongwiththeadvanceofthesocietymoreandmoreproblemsarebrought_to_theattentionofthepublic.2．Michaelput_upapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimselfremindedofhisowndreams.3．Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthosewhosuffer_fromthefloods.4．Childrenshouldbetaughtnottostare_athandicappedpeoplebecauseitisimpolite.5．Thoughtheytalkedin_a_lowvoice,_theycouldbehearddistinctly.6．Ilookedathimin_astonishment—Ididn'texpecttoseehimagainhere.[话题短语积累]1．haveaninfluenceon对……有影响2．giveadeepimpressionon给……留下深刻的印象3．ofalltime有史以来4．catchone'sattention引起某人的注意5．betalentedin在……有天赋6．openupone'sminds开阔某人的视野7．betodowith与……相关8．makesb.famous使某人出名9．bringout出版10．showup出现11．dueto因为12．actas充当13．inshort总之14．beacknowledgedas被公认为15．wintheNobelPrizeinLiterature获得诺贝尔文学奖16．enrichone'slife丰富某人的生活[三积句式写作扮靓][课内句式仿写]1．notuntil位于句首引起部分倒装句[例句]Notuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed,wasthemanabletospeak.[仿写]直到三年前他退休后，他才考虑出国度假。Notuntilheretiredthreeyearsagodid_he_considerhavingaholidayabroad.2．Nosooner...than...引导的部分倒装句[例句]Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.[仿写]莫言一登上舞台，观众就发出了雷鸣般的掌声。(2014·陕西高考)No_sooner_hadMoYansteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.3．only＋状语(副词、介词短语或从句)位于句首的部分倒装句[例句]OnlythendidOliverunderstandhissituation.[仿写]只有投入全部精力写作，你才会成功。Onlywhenyouputallyourheartintowritingwill_you_succeed.[话题佳句背诵]1．ExcusemeformylongdelayinreturningtoyouRobinsonCrusoewhichIreadthroughwithgreatinterest.我迟迟未能归还您的那本《鲁滨逊漂流记》，请原谅。该书我读得津津有味。2．Whatmakesthisnovelstandoutisitsuniquecharacters,language,plotsandstyle.使这部小说与众不同的是小说特有的人物形象、语言、情节和行文风格。3．SheisveryfondofChineseclassicalliteratureandhasspentsometimereadingTangandSongpoetry,etc.她很喜欢中国古典文学，并花一些时间读唐诗、宋词等。[四背语段语感流畅]Literatureisacknowledgedasthemostpreciousproductofhumancivilizationandwisdom.Itisofgreatsignificanceforustoappreciateliteratureduetothefollowingreasons.Firstly,agoodliteraturecangetyoutoknowalifeexperiencethroughtheeyesofsomeone.Secondly,agoodliteratureallowsyoutolearnabouthistoryinaninterestingway.Thestoriestoldintheworkscanactasmirrorsandhelpyouadjustyourownbehavior.Lastly,agoodliteratureisaneffectivewayforrelaxation.Inshort,literatureisessentialinourlife.Westudentsshouldcatchourtimetoreadmoreliterature.文学被公认为人类文明和智慧的最宝贵的产物。由于以下原因，我们欣赏文学具有重要的意义。首先，一个好的文学作品可以让你通过别人的眼睛知道某种生活经历。其次，一个好的文学作品可以让你以一种有趣的方式了解历史。作品中所讲述的故事可以作为镜子，帮助你调整自己的行为。最后，一个好的文学作品是一种放松的有效方法。总之，文学在我们的生活中是必不可少的。我们学生应该抓住我们的时间阅读更多的文学作品。[第一板块重点词汇突破][师生共研词汇]1．servevt.端上(饭菜等)；为……服务vi.服役，供职[教材原句]Thewarden,helpedbytwowomen,servedthesoupfromthispotatmealtimes.开饭的时候，大师傅从锅里舀粥，有两个女人给他打杂。(1)servethepeopleheartandsoul全心全意为人民服务serveas充当；担任servesb.(with)sth.＝servesth.tosb.拿/用某物招待/款待某人serveinthearmy在部队服役(2)servicen.服务；接待atyourservice愿为您效劳；听候您的吩咐①Serving(serve)asthemanagerofthepanyprovidedmewithalotofchancestogettoknowmanytalentedpeople.担任公司经理为我提供了许多结识有才干的人的机会。②Ifyouneedmyhelp,letmeknow.I'malwaysat_your_service.如果你需要帮忙，请告诉我，我随时愿为你效劳。③Thestudentsservedsomeapplestotheinvitedexperts.→Thestudentsservedtheinvitedexpertswithsomeapples.学生们用一些苹果来招待邀请来的专家。2．hangv．绞死；吊死；悬挂[教材原句]“They'llhangthatboy，”saidagentlemaninawhitejacket.“他们会把那个男孩子吊死，”一个穿着白色夹克的绅士说。hangup挂断(电话)hangout/about/around闲荡；逗留hangon＝holdon(打电话时)别挂断；坚持，不放弃；等一下，停一下；抓紧hangonto抓紧；保留；不卖掉，不放弃①Heoftenhangsoutafterwork,whichmakeshiswifeveryangry.他经常下班后闲逛，这让他妻子很生气。②ThelinewasengagedandtheoperatoraskedifI'dliketohangon.电话占线，话务员问我是否愿意稍等一下。[名师指津]hang意义过去式过去分词现在分词绞死，吊死hangedhangedhanging悬挂，垂下hunghunghanging3．rewardn．酬谢；奖赏；赏金v.酬谢；奖赏[教材原句]Thenextmorninganoticewasputuponthedooroftheworkhouse,offeringarewardtoanybodywhowouldemployOliverTwist.第二天早晨，济贫院门外贴出了一张告示，向愿意雇用奥利弗·特威斯特的人提供奖赏。(1)asarewardfor...作为对……的回报inrewardfor...为了酬谢或报答……give/offerarewardtosb.forsth.＝give/offersb.arewardforsth.因某事给某人报酬/回报(2)rewardsb.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事报答/奖赏某人rewardsb.with...用……报答/回报某人(3)rewardingadj.值得的；有益的①As_a_reward_forbeingadmittedtocollege,manystudentsgotiPhone8aspresents.作为被大学录取的奖赏，很多学生得到了iPhone8作为礼物。②I'dliketodosomethingin_reward_forherkindness.我想做点什么来报答她的好意。③Shestartedsingingtothebabyandwas_rewarded(reward)withasmile.她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。④Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding(reward)．当被问到他对他的教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得它非常有趣和有意义。[辨析比较]reward,award名词动词reward报酬，奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报答或奖赏、奖金award奖品，奖金，与prize用法相似指正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予；往往鼓励杰出的表现或对所提出的要求而进行的一种奖励。常用搭配：awardsb.sth.＝awardsth.tosb.选用以上单词填空⑤Afterbeingawardedthefirstprize,heexpressedthathewouldcontinuetorewardthepeopleandthesocietywithhishardwork.4．intendv．打算，想要，计划[高考佳句]IintendtojoinaDragonBoatTrainingCamp.Iwonderifyou'dliketogowithme.(2015·北京高考满分作文)我打算参加龙舟训练营，我想知道你是否愿意和我一起参加。(1)intenddoing/todosth.打算做某事intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(hadintendedtodo/that,intendedtohavedone))eq\a\vs4\al(本来打算做……,事实上没做成)intendthat...(should)dosth.打算……；主张……beintendedfor...为……打算(或设计)的(2)intentionn.意图，目的，打算havenointentionofdoingsth.不打算做某事①Iintendedgoing/to_gotothepark,butmysonintendedthatI(should)_gowithhimtoseeafilm.(go)我打算去公园，但我儿子打算让我陪他去看场电影。②Wehad_intended(intend)toarriveatourdestinationat9o'clock,butwedidn'tbecauseofthetrafficjam.我们本来打算在9点钟到达目的地，但是由于交通堵塞我们晚点了。[词汇过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Today,PacificScienceCenterserves(serve)morethan1.3millionpeopleayear.2．AsfarasIam_concerned(concern),it'swisenottospendmuchtimeplayingwithsmartphones.3．Youryears'effortswillberewardedwithremarkablesuccesssoonerorlater.4．Theputercenter,openedin2017,is_intended(intend)tohelptheresearcherstosearchfortherelevantinformationontheInternet.5．Talentsefromdiligence,andknowledgeisgainedbyaccumulation(accumulate)．6．Thepicturehanging(hang)inmystudywaspaintedbyafamousartist.7．Charlesoftenattemptstoescapebeing_fined(fine)wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.8．Theyweretalkinginawhisper,sotheyseemedtobesayingsomethingsecret.9．Setinthe19th­centuryAmerica,thenovelGonewiththeWindtellsthestoryofawomanfacingwarandstarvation(starve)bravely.10．Allthepetitorsareeagerforthefinalresultofthepetition.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Ifinditabsolutelyastonishedthathehasmadegreatprogressinsuchashorttime.astonished→astonishing2．Servingforthepeopleheartandsoulistheaimofourparty.去掉for3．Hewasdesperateinneedofhelpbutnobodyseemedtowanttogivehimahand.desperate→desperately4．Thecouplegavetheboyaputerasrewardforreturningtheirlostbag.as后加a5．Themagazinewhichwasintendedtotheretiredturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.第一个to→forⅢ.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译)1．他在部队服役五年了。(servevi.)Hehas_served_in_the_armyforfiveyears.2．我以前见过他，但想不起他的名字了。(escape)I'vemethimbefore,buthis_name_escapes_me.3．墙上挂满了英雄人物的老照片。(hang)The_walls_are_hungwitholdphotosofheroes.4．我给那个男孩一本词典作为他对我无私帮助的回报。①Igavetheboyadictionaryin_reward_forhisselflesshelptome.(rewardn．)②Igavetheboyadictionary,rewarding_him_forhisselflesshelptome.(rewardv．)③Irewarded_the_boy_with_a_dictionaryforhisselflesshelptome.(rewardsb.withsth.)④Igavetheboyadictionaryin_return_forhisselflesshelptome.(returnn．)5．昨天晚上我本打算来看你的，但是雨下得太大了。①Ihad_intended_to_e_to_see_you_last_night,_butitrainedtooheavily.(hadintendedtodo)②Iintended_to_have_e_to_see_you_last_night,_butitrainedtooheavily.(intendedtohavedone)[第二板块短语、句式突破]1．ahuge/largeamountof大量的[高考佳句]Lotsofstudentsinourclassspendalargeamountoftimedoinghomework,butshowlittleinterestinphysicalexerciseandafter­classactivities.(2015·广东高考满分作文)我们班很多同学花费大量时间用来做家庭作业，但对体育锻炼和课外活动却不感兴趣。(1)ahuge/largeamountof修饰不可数名词(2)“ahuge/largeamountof＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数(3)“huge/largeamountsof＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数①Althoughthejobtakesa_huge/large_amount_oftime,moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.虽然这份工作要花大量的时间，但大多数学生都同意这次经历是值得的。②Ahugeamountofoilwas(be)ontheroadyesterday,theeffectsofwhicharenotclear.→Hugeamountsofoilwere(be)ontheroadyesterday,theeffectsofwhicharenotclear.昨天路上有大量石油，其影响尚不清楚。[联想发散]常见的数量修饰词汇分类：①修饰可数名词复数：many,agood/greatmany,agood/largenumberof等；②修饰不可数名词：much,agood/greatdealof,alargeamountof,largeamountsof等；③既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词：alotof,lotsof,aquantityof,quantitiesof,plentyof等。2．No_soonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。(1)nosooner...than...引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。在这个主从复合句中，主句动作先发生，用过去完成时，从句动作用一般过去时。nosooner位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。(2)和nosooner...than...用法类似的句式还有：hardly...when...,scarcely...when...等。①Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanthetroublestarted.→Nosoonerhad_he_arrivedthanthetroublestarted.他刚到，麻烦就来了。②Hardlyhadthesingerappearedonthestagewhentheaudienceroseandcheered.这位歌手一出现在舞台上，观众就站起来欢呼。[联想发散]表示“一……就……”的其他结构还有：assoonas;themoment/minute/instant...;immediately/instantly/directly...;on/upon(doing)sth.等。[短语、句式过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Weheardthenewsinastonishmentthathehadleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.2．Shesuddenlysawhimstandinginthecrowd,hiseyesstaring(stare)atherasiftheyhadbeeninschool.3．Letgoofthepastandtakeadvantageofeverysecondwehaveatpresent.4．Apetitionwasheldtopickoutthebesttabletennisplayers.5．Hardlyhadthemotherappearedwhenthelittlegirlburstoutcrying.6．Thoughsuffering(suffer)frombothdisabilityandillness,heremainspositivetowardslife.7．Themoviebroughttheeducationofpoorchildrentotheattentionofthepublic.8．Hepaidbackthemoneyheowedusimmediately(immediate)hereturnedhome.Ⅱ.ahuge/largeamountof短语专练1．单句语法填空/同义替换①Ontheonehand,ofcourse,carsareveryuseful.Butontheotherhand,theycauseahugeamountofpollution,whichdoes(do)harmtotheenvironment.②Ahugeamountofusefulinformationis_provided(provide)bytheorganization.③Ifyouwanttokeepupwiththetimes,youhavetogetagreatdealof(＝a_large_amountof/plentyof/aquantity_of)information.2．用表示“大量，许多”的短语完成下面语段Thefactoryhadaccidentallyreleased①a_quantity/quantities_ofwasteintothesea.And②large_amounts/quantities_ofseawaterwerepolluted.Asaresult,③a_great_many/a_good_numberofseaanimalsdied.Ⅲ.单句改错/句型转换1．Nosoonerdidthebellrungthanthestudentsquieteddown.did→had2．Hardlyhadhereachedtheplatformthanthetrainbegantomove.than→when3．NosoonerhadhearrivedinBeijingthanhecametovisitus.①Hecametovisitusinstantly/immediately/directlyhearrivedinBeijing.②Hecametovisitusthe_instant/moment/minutehearrivedinBeijing.③Hardly/ScarcelyhadhearrivedinBeijingwhenhecametovisitus.④On/Upon_arrivinginBeijing,hecametovisitus.eq\a\vs4\al([课堂双线提能]课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接)提能一用课文词汇写高分作文pedestrian，astonishment，escape，desperate，scene，treat，mourn，illegal，cruel，reward，seize，bringsth.totheattentionofsb.，nosooner...than...，beeagertodo1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)①一则报道在电视上一播出就引起了公众对于一起交通事故的关注。No_soonerhadareportbeenbroadcastonTVthanitbroughtatrafficaccidentto_the_attention_ofthepublic.②昨天清晨，一位行人在穿越公路时被一辆过路车撞倒，令人惊讶的是，司机迅速逃逸。Earlyinthemorningyesterday,apedestrianwasknockeddownbyapassingcarwhenhewascrossingthestreet.Toeveryone'sastonishment,_thedriverescapedquickly.③几个过路人既没有报警也没有对那位绝望的受难者施以援手。Severalpassers­byneithercalledthepolicenorlentahelpinghandtothedesperatevictim.④车祸场景非常惨烈，那位行人因未能得到及时救治而死亡。Thesceneofthetrafficwasverytragicandthepedestriandiedbecauseofnotbeingtreatedimmediately.⑤人们在哀悼死者的同时，纷纷谴责那名司机的违法行为，并对那几个冷酷的过路人感到悲哀。Whilepeoplewere_mourningthedead,theycondemnedtheillegalbehaviorofthedriverandtheyfeltsadatthecruelpassers­by.⑥警方许诺：无论谁提供有关的信息，都会得到奖赏。每个人都急切地希望尽快抓到那名司机。Thepolicepromisedtorewardwhoeverofferstheinformationabouttheaccident.Everyoneis_eager_toseizethedriverassoonaspossible.2．升级平淡句(1)用so...that...句型升级句④The_scene_of_the_traffic_was_so_tragic_that_the_pedestrian_died_because_of_not_being_treated_immediately.(2)用省略句型改写句⑤While_mourning_the_dead,_people_condemned_the_illegal_behavior_of_the_driver_and_they_felt_sad_at_the_cruel_passers­by.3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：and,worsestill,now,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand)NosoonerhadareportbeenbroadcastonTVthanitbroughtatrafficaccidenttotheattentionofthepublic.Earlyinthemorningyesterday,apedestrianwasknockeddownbyapassingcarwhenhewascrossingthestreet.Toeveryone'sastonishment,thedriverescapedquicklyandworsestill,severalpassers­byneithercalledthepolicenorlentahelpinghandtothedesperatevictim.Thesceneofthetrafficwassotragicthatthepedestriandiedbecauseofnotbeingtreatedimmediately.Ontheonehand,whilemourningthedead,peoplecondemnedtheillegalbehaviorofthedriverandontheotherhand,theyfeltsadatthecruelpassers­by.Thepolicepromisedtorewardwhoeverofferstheinformationabouttheaccident.Noweveryoneiseagertoseizethedriverassoonaspossible.提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句[本单元突破点——状语较长的复杂句]经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句SomepeoplebelievethathehadaheartattackasaresultofhisexcitementduringthereadingofthefinalpartofOliverTwist.该句的状语部分较长，“asaresultofhisexcitement”为原因状语，“duringthereadingofthefinalpartofOliverTwist”为时间状语。如果有人敲门并且不是重要的事情，你就可以为自己找个理由，让这个人知道你很忙，这样他们就可以得到这样的暗示，那就是当门关着时，你不想受到打扰。真题长难句Ifsomeoneknocksandit'snotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou'rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thatwhenthedoorisclosed,you'renottobedisturbed.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ阅读七选五)If在句中引导的条件状语从句；so(that)引导目的状语从句。hint后为that引导的同位语从句，从句中还含有when引导的时间状语从句。“文学”话题是高考常考的一个热点话题。文学是一种艺术，文学是一种情感的表达。纵观历年高考，在听力、阅读理解、完形填空、书面表达等题型中常有考查，应引起我们的重视。一、话题与语篇[考题示例](2016·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B)[1]OnoneofhertripstoNewYorkseveralyearsago,EudoraWeltydecidedtotakeacoupleofNewYorkfriendsouttodinner.TheysettledinatafortableEastSidecafeandwithinminutes,anothercustomerwasapproachingtheirtable.[2]“Hey,aren'tyoufromMississippi？”theelegant,white­hairedwriterrememberedbeingaskedbythestranger.“I'mfromMississippitoo.”[3]Withoutasecondthought,thewomanjoinedtheWeltyparty.Whenherdinnerpartnershowedup,shealsopulledupachair.[4]“TheybegantellingmeallthenewsofMississippi，”Weltysaid.“Ididn'tknowwhatmyNewYorkfriendswerethinking.”[5]TaxisonarainyNewYorknightarerarerthansunshine.Bythetimethegroupgotuptoleave,itwaspouringoutside.Welty'snewfriendsimmediatelysentawaitertofindacab.Headingbackdowntowntowardherhotel,herbig­cityfriendswereamazedattheturnofeventsthathadchangedtheirBigAppledinnerintoaMississippistatereunion(团聚)．[6]“Myfriendsaid：‘Nowwebelieveyourstories，’”Weltyadded.“AndIsaid:‘Nowyouknow.Thesearethepeoplethatmakemewritethem.’”[7]Sittingonasofainherroom,Welty,aslimfigureinasimplegraydress,lookedpleasedwiththisexplanation.[8]“Idon'tmakethemup，”shesaidofthecharactersinherfictiontheselast50orsoyears.“Idon'thaveto.”[9]Beauticians,bartenders,pianoplayersandpeoplewithpurplehats,Welty'speopleefromafternoonsspentvisitingwitholdfriends,fromwalksthroughthestreetsofhernativeJackson,Miss.,fromconversationsoverheardonabus.ItannoysWeltythat,at78,herleftearhasnowgivenout.Sometimes,sittingonabusoratrain,shehearsonlyafragment(片断)ofaparticularlyinterestingstory.1．WhathappenedwhenWeltywaswithherfriendsatthecafe?A．Twostrangersjoinedher.B．Herchildhoodfriendscamein.C．Aheavyrainruinedthedinner.D．Somepeopleheldapartythere.2．Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph6referstoWelty's________.A．readers B．partiesC．friends D．stories3．WhatcanwelearnaboutthecharactersinWelty'sfiction?A．Theyliveinbigcities.B．Theyaremostlywomen.C．Theyefromreallife.D．Theyarepleasureseekers.[策略指导](一)这样读文第1步：宏观把握文章大意分层抓关键句概括层意行文结构第1～7段时间：severalyearsago宴会↓聚会按时间发展顺序叙述事件一事件一和二为并列关系地点：afortableEastSidecafe人物：EudoraWelty;herfriends;thestranger;herdinnerpartner过程：take...friendsouttodinner→anothercustomer...joinedtheparty→tellingmeallthenewsofMississippi→changedtheirBigAppledinnerintoaMississippistatereunion原因：Thesearethepeoplethatmakemewritethem.第8～9段原型：Beauticians,bartenders,pianoplayersandpeoplewithpurplehats原型造访按照“原因→结果”方式叙述事件二素材：conversationsoverheardonabus第2步：微观突破理解障碍[自主翻译]坐在房间的沙发上，韦尔蒂身着灰色睡袍，突显苗条身材，她看上去对这个解释很满意。[自主翻译]韦尔蒂小说中的角色——美容师、酒吧招待、钢琴演奏者及那些戴着紫色帽子的人——源自于她与老朋友共度的下午，源自于她在土生土长的密西西比州杰克逊城的大街小巷散步的过程中，还源自于她在公交车上无意间听到的闲谈。(二)这样做题[名师解题]1．细节理解题。选A根据前三段的内容可知，当尤多拉·韦尔蒂和她的朋友在咖啡馆时，一个陌生女人和她的同伴加入进来。B项为“范围过大”型错误；由第五段“Bythetimethegroupgotuptoleave,itwaspouringoutside.”可知C项为“颠倒是非”型错误。由第三段“Withoutasecondthought,thewomanjoinedtheWeltyparty.”可知D项为“无中生有”型错误。2．代词指代题。选D根据them所在的第六段的内容可知，朋友说“Nowwebelieveyourstories...Thesearethepeoplethatmakemewritethem.”这句话表明韦尔蒂指是这些人让她写这些故事的。A项为“无中生有”型错误，B、C两项为“生搬硬套”型错误。3．推理判断题。选C根据最后一段可知，作家尤多拉·韦尔蒂的小说中的人物都来自真实的生活。A、B两项为“以偏概全”型错误，仅仅为其中的一个例子，无法代表其作品中的所有人物；D项为“无中生有”型错误。[阅读理解系列技法27]推理判断题的一般解题思路推理判断题应该首先按照题干要求的范围进行解题，如果题目中没有提到具体的段落，那么通过依上而下的顺序找到区域范围。如果这种情况下还是不能找到答案，这个时候才可以考虑按照四个选项的信息词从全文各个角落寻找答案。要做好推理判断题，需要充分理解阅读文章、分析语篇特征、寻找解题依据。考生应该在领会全文的基础上做出正确的推理和判断：1．要注意推理的基础是原文内容，根据上下文逻辑关系，进行实事求是的判断，得出合乎逻辑的结论，不可仅仅根据自己的经验、观点或爱好去做出判断。2．有的题目的推理即为原文具体层面的“同义替换”。3．所涉及的逻辑关系都是最简单的逻辑判断，一步即可推得，考生千万不能人为地把问题复杂化，推理很多步，反而得出错误的答案。4．选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念，如only,never,all,absolutely等，正确答案的表示一般有一点模糊，会用到一些相对能够留下一些余地的词汇，如often,usually,sometimes,some,may,might,can,could,possibly,probably等。5．符合常识的选项通常不是正确答案，但是违背常识的选项一定错误。例如上文第3题，我们带着题干信息“WhatcanwelearnaboutthecharactersinWelty'sfiction？”可知本题属于推理判断题。根据最后一段“Welty'speopleefromafternoonsspentvisitingwitholdfriends,fromwalksthroughthestreetsofhernativeJackson,Miss.,fromconversationsoverheardonabus.”可推知，作家韦尔蒂的小说中的人物都来自现实生活。故选C项。(三)这样积累1．approachv．接近2．white­hairedadj.满头白发的3．slimadj.苗条的4．figuren.人物5．explanationn.解释6．charactern.角色7．annoyv.困扰8．particularlyadv.尤其；特别9．showup出现；露面10．beamazedat对……感到惊奇11．makeup编造二、话题与写作[考题示例](2015·福建高考)请阅读下面图画，按要求用英语写一篇词数为120左右的短文。1．描述画面；2．概述其含义；3．谈谈个人感想。注意：1．短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；2．可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、行文连贯；3．文中不能出现考生的具体信息。参考词汇：凿，钻boreInthepicture，[写作规范]第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分1．穿着破旧的衣服in_worn_clothes2．在破旧的木桌旁at_a_shabby_wooden_table3．一束微弱的光线a_weak_ray_of_light4．全神贯注于be_absorbed_in5．获取知识acquire_knowledge6．气馁get_discouraged7．得到回报pay_off8．竭力做某事take_pains_to_do_sth.第二步：列全要点、写对句子保基本分1．我们会看到一个穿着破旧衣服的小孩，坐在一张破旧的木桌旁。Wecanseeaboyinwornclothes,sitting_at_a_shabby_wooden_table.2．桌子上有一堆竹简。There_were_a_pile_of_bamboo_booksonthetable.3．一束微弱的光透过墙上的一个小洞，他在全神贯注地读书。Aweakrayoflightcameinthroughasmallholeinthewallandhe_was_absorbed_inhis_reading.4．因为贫穷，那个小男孩买不起蜡烛。The_boy_couldn't__afford_even_a_candlebecausehewaspoor.5．他在墙上凿了个洞来“偷”隔壁邻居家的光在晚上读书。He_bored_a_hole_in_the_wallto“steal”lightfromhisneighbor'shousetoreadatnight.6．故事的寓意是，要不遗余力获取知识，不管处境多么困难都不要轻易地气馁。Themoralofthestoryis:sparenoefforttoacquireknowledgeandnevergetdiscouragedeasilyno_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.7．不是故事本身而是故事所反映的事情有价值。It_is_not_the_story_itself_but_what_is_reflectedinthestorythatcounts.8．我们应当通过学习努力提升自己为未来做好准备。We_should_take_pains_to_improve_ourselvesthroughlearningandgetpreparedforthefuture.第三步：句式升级、打造亮点得高分1．用with复合结构合并句1和句2We_can_see_a_boy_in_worn_clothes,_sitting_at_a_shabby_wooden_table_with_a_pile_of_bamboo_books__on_it.2．用“being＋adj.”作状语和so合并句4和句5The_boy,_being_poor,_couldn't_afford_even_a_candle,_so_he_bored_a_hole_in_the_wall_to_“steal”_light_from_his_neighbor's_house_to_read_at_night.第四步：过渡衔接、润色成文创满分Inthepicture,wecanseeaboyinwornclothes,sittingatashabbywoodentablewithapileofbamboobooksonit.Aweakrayoflightcameinthroughasmallholeinthewallandhewasabsorbedinhisreading.Thisisawell­knownstoryfromanancientChineseidiom.Theboy,beingpoor,couldn'taffordevenacandle,soheboredaholeinthewallto“steal”lightfromhisneighbor'shousetoreadatnight.Themoralofthestoryis:sparenoefforttoacquireknowledgeandnevergetdiscouragedeasilynomatterhowdifficultthesituationmaybe.Ofcourse,thingsaretotallydifferenttoday.Itisnotthestoryitselfbutwhatisreflectedinthestorythatcounts.Hardworkpaysoff.Weshouldtakepainstoimproveourselvesthroughlearningandgetpreparedforthefuture.[单元检测·高考提能]Ⅰ.语法填空SeveralweeksbeforeChristmas,Mr.Smithbrokehisrightleg.Hewassenttoanearbyhospital,in__1__hehadanoperation.Mr.Smithdidn'tlike__2__smellinthehospital,andhedidn'tliketospendChristmasiniteither.Healwaysaskedhisdoctorwhenhecouldgohome.Thedoctortoldhimtobe__3__(patience),sayingthathewouldhavetospendChristmasinhospital.LyinginbedatChristmas,Mr.Smithfeltverysad.Somedays__4__(late),thedoctortoldhimthathewouldbewellenough__5__(leave)hospitalbeforetheNewYear.Mr.SmithwasgladthathewouldspendNewYear'sDay__6__thehospital,andhecouldhavepartieswithallofhis__7__(friend)．SoonMr.Smithlefth