课件英语必修一Unit1Usinglanguage

UsinglanguageBYMICHELLEIfyouwanttoexpressyourideasclearlyandcompletely,whichonewillyouchoose,usingwordsorsentences?usedtomodifyawordorsentencemainelementssubject主语predicate谓语object宾语attribute定语predicative表语adverbial状语complement补足语Whatmakesasentence?主语谓语宾语定语状语什么+怎么样句子是一个完整的意义单位，由不同的句子成分(partsofspeech)构成。其中，最重要的成分就是主语(S)和谓语(V)，分别表明句子的主体和主体的动作或状态。此外，句子成分还包括宾语(O)、表语(P)、状语(A)、宾语补足语(C)等，它们共同组成了英语中的基本句型，并承担不同的表意功能。一个英文句子就是在表达：主语S+谓语动词V（主语可以独立完成的动作）1谓语是主语所做的动作。这种句型的动词是不及物动词（即该动作可以独立发生，不牵涉到别的人或物。动词后不可以直接接宾语,本身句子意思已经完整）。常见的不及物动词有：work,jump,arrive,come,disappear,cry,happen,die等。Shesleeps.Iarrived.Hewillcome.Heisworking.Iamcrying.BasicSentenceStructures【谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有特征或状态】【句子说明的人或事物，即：什么】JayChouisafamoussinger.Helikessingingbest.Theyoungshowgreatinterestinhismusic.It’shardforhimtoloseweight.Doingmoreexerciseishelpfultokeepfit.Whathereallyneedsisacupofbubbletea.（名词）（代词）（The+adj.作名词）（句子）（todo不定式作真正主语）（动名词）主语（subject)【句子说明的人或事物】主语S+谓语动词V+宾语O

（有1个动作承受者）2【动作作用的对象】此句型的谓语动词是及物动词，后面必须跟宾语，这样句子意思才完整。宾语是动作作用的对象。Shelikesyou.Iadmirethem.Hereadbooks.Iplaybasketball.Weloveourmotherland.BasicSentenceStructuresShowyourpassport,please.Shedidn’tsayanything.IfounditinterestingtolearnEnglish.Theyaskedtoseemypassport.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.CanyouwritedownwhatIsaid?（名词）（代词）（形式宾语）（不定式）（动名词）（句子）宾语（object)【动作的对象或承受者——及物动词/介词后】Mindyisabeautifulgirl.Theshoutinggirlhasbeautifuleyes.MindyisateacherwhoteachesEnglish.ThestudentsinvitedtothepartywerefromChengdu.（形容词）（现在分词、形容词）（句子）（过去分词）定语（attribute）【用来修饰限定名词或代词的品质特征】主语S+谓语动词V+间接宾语IO

+直接宾语DO（有2个动作承受者）3【give给，要做“给”的动作，首先要有给的东西，还得有人接受】有些谓语动词需要跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。直接宾语通常是物，间接宾语通常是人。*两个宾语并不相等Hegivesme

apen.Sheshowsus

care.Sheteachesus

English.△常见的接双宾语的动词有：buy,bring,give,lend,make,show,send,tell等。△间接宾语前加上介词to/for，可将其放在直接宾语后面。如：Hegivesapentome.BasicSentenceStructures主语S+谓语动词V+宾语O+宾语补语OC

（只有1个动作承受者，但需要补充信息才完整）4【补充说明宾语的状态，使句意完整、明确。即宾语“怎么样”】Heconsiders

youclever.Shecalledthegirlbaby.Theyfoundthedooropen.Thefoodmademesick.Itmademeexcited.Momaskedmetoopenthedoor.BasicSentenceStructures主语S+连系动词V+表语P

（赋予主语某种状态或性质）5【表语是对主语特征、身份的描述】Heisateacher.Heistall.ZhongNanshanisourhero.Healwayskeepspositive.Helookstall.Thedinnersmellsgood.【把主语和表语连起来】连系动词：12355一“be”:

am,

is,are二“看来”：appear,seem三“保持”:keep,stay,remain五“变”:get,become，turn,grow,fall五“感官”:smell（闻起来）,sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,taste（尝起来）,feel（感觉）BasicSentenceStructures主语S+谓语动词V+状语A

6【状语修饰动词，形容词、副词或整个句子】Hetalkedtoomuch.Iwokeupearly.Heeathappily.Ibreatheddeeply.1.MindyspeaksEnglishverywell.2.Whenshewas12yearsold,shecouldspeakfivelanguages.3.Everyonecangreetothersbysaying“Hello”.（副词）（句子）（介词短语）BasicSentenceStructures主语S+谓语动词V+宾语O+状语A

7Ilookedattheminpanic.You’llmakethemostofyourtimeatseniorhigh.Ihadpictureditoverandoveragaininmymind.Ihadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.【状语修饰动词，形容词、副词或整个句子】BasicSentenceStructures区分主语S+谓语V+宾语O+宾补OC

主语S+谓语V+宾语O+状语A

宾补是补充说明宾语，缺了宾语，句子意思不完整（逻辑语义-O是OC）状语是修饰成分，修饰谓语动词/形容词/整个句子，缺了状语，句子意思仍然完整Ifoundhimill.Iwantyoutoknowtwothings.ImadeJohnamonitor.Theboyneedsapenverymuch.S+V(主+谓）S+V+O(主+谓+宾）S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾）S+V+O+OC

(主+谓+宾+宾补）S+V+P(主+系+表）S+V+A（主+谓+状）S+V+O+A(主+谓+宾+状）Summary:BasicSentenceStructures基本句型分析步骤找主语找谓语找宾语找其他☆一个句子一定有的成分☆系动词-SVP☆谓语动词△无宾语无其他成分-SV△无宾语有其他成分-SVA☆一个宾语-SVO☆两个宾语-SVIODO☆修饰宾语-SVOOC☆修饰成分-SVOA1.Theyworkhard.主语谓语表语2.Theflower is dead.主语系动词状语Analyzethefollowingsentences.3.Plants need water.主语谓语间宾4.He gives me someseeds.主语谓语宾语直宾5.Weshouldfinish homeworkinclass.主语谓语宾语6.We found her intears.主语谓语宾语宾补状语Isawawhite-hairedman.Ireplied.Hegavemeasmile.Ibreatheddeeply.Ilookedattheminpanic.Iwasembarrassed.Hiswordsmademealotmorerelaxed!主+谓+宾+宾补主+谓+状主+系+表主+谓+宾+状主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓主+谓+宾Analyzethefollowingsentences.Review:basicsentencestructures

Matchthesentencesthatsharethesamestructures.Isawawhite-hairedman.Ireplied.Hegavemeasmile.Ibreatheddeeply.Ilookedattheminpanic.Iwasembarrassed.Hiswordsmademealotmorerelaxed!aHewasfriendly.bTheexammademequitenervous.cIpassedhimabook.dSheagreed.eHewrotealongletter.fHetalkedloudly.gShelookedafterhersisterpatiently.Review:basicsentencestructuresLookatthepictureandtellthestorywithyourownending.Trytousedifferentbasicsentencestructures.Forexample:①Hemakesamistake.(Isawawhite-hairedman.)②Theplayerisnotworkingnow.(Ireplied.)③Theteacherhastoldustherules.(Hegavemeasmile.)(Comeon!It’syourturntogiveusmore!)……Review:basicsentencestructuresCompletetheposterswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.badmintondramabanddebategympianostagephotographyscienceBadmintongymDramastagepianobandDebateSciencePhotographyDiscussion：Workingroups.Talkabouttheschoolclubsyouwouldliketojoinandtheactivitiesyoucandointhem.After-schoolActivities:advantages;disadvantages;solutionTip:Makenotes

ofkeyinformationnames,numbers,factsandinstructions.🎧Listentotheconversationanddecidewhatthespeakersaremainlytalkingabout.Listthetime(ittakes)doonethingimportantthings🎧Listenagainandcompletetheplan.Maisie:Hi,Bruno,howareyoufindinglifeatseniorhigh?Bruno:Oh,hi,Maisie.Well,it’sOK,Iguess.TheoneproblemisthatIjustdon’tseemtohaveenoughtimeforeverything.Therearebasketballgames,themusicclub,theschoolparty...Maisie:Wow!you’vegotaloton.Butit’smoreorlessthesameforme.AndIfindIalways

forgetsomething.Bruno:Metoo.Weneedtodosomethingaboutit.MyfathertoldmethatIshouldmakeato-dolist.Whatdoyouthink?Maisie:It’sagoodideatolistthethingswe’regoingtodo.Bruno:Andhowaboutrecordingthetimeittakestodotheactivities?Wecanthenseewhattakesupmostofourtimeandmakebetterplans.What’syouropinion?Maisie:Greatidea.AndI’vegottwomoreideas.Numberone,onlydoonethingatatime.Thatway,you’llgetthingsdonemorequickly.Forexample,ifyoudoyourhomeworkwhilewatchingTV