2026届新高考英语热点精准复习数词

2026届新高考英语热点精准复习

数

词目录contents1.重温2020-2025年高考真题2.考点精析3.书面表达中数词易错点聚焦4.考点集训基数词的构成及作用序数词的构成及作用数词的应用I.单句语法填空II.语法填空：基础训练(数词专练)III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练)1.重温高考真题单句语法填空3.(2023年全国甲卷)Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe_____(six)century,B.C.【解析】考查序数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。4.(2021年全国新高考II卷)Inthe________(seven)grade,

IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.【解析】考查序数词。句意:七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。表示“七年级”用序数词，所以填seventh。sixthseventh3.（2025·江苏苏州·三模）Inhis

(one)wordsasPope,LeoXIVpaidtributetohispredecessor,Francis.“Westillhearinourearstheweakbutalways

(courageous)voiceofPopeFranciswhoblessedus,”hesaid.【解析】考查序数词。句意：在作为教皇的首次讲话中，利奥十四世向他的前任弗朗西斯致敬。空处表示“第一”，应用序数词first，修饰空后名词words。故填first。4.（2025·河北·模拟预测）The

(three)crewmemberTangShengjie,stayedinsideTiangongtoprovidesupport.【解析】考查序数词。句意：第三名机组人员唐胜杰留在天宫号内部提供支持。结合句意可知，此处指“第三个”，使用序数词，故填third。firstthird5.（24-25高三下·内蒙古通辽·期中）Thecasehastriggeredanoutpouringofgriefonsocialmedia,with

(ten)ofthousandsofpostsonWeiboandDouyinovertheweekend.【解析】考查数词。句意：这起案件在社交媒体上引发了大量的悲痛，周末期间，微博和抖音上有数以万计的帖子。固定表达tensofthousandsof意为“数以万计的”。故填tens。tens2.考

点

精

析框架结构图数词基数词序数词基数词的构成基数词的位置序数词的构成序数词的句法功能倍数表达法A+谓语+倍数词+as+形容词或副词原级+BA+谓语+倍数词+形容词或副词比较级+than+BA+谓语+倍数词+thesize(width,length,volume等)+of+B基数词的构成及作用1.常用基数词表IIIIIIonetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyhundredthousandmillion/billion2.基数词构成歌诀

1至12逐个记，13至19teen结尾。

20至90整十位，ty结尾做后缀。

要是表示“几十几”，连字符十位连个位。

若要表示“几百几”，hundred之后加and。

用于复合形容词，连字符相连不加-s。注意：(1)hundred,

thousand,

million,

billion等词前有基数词或several，表示具体的数目时，须用单数；与of连用，表示笼统的数目时，须用复数，但其前面不能再加数词。如：

sixhundredpeople

hundredsofpeople(2)dozen前有具体数词修饰时，用单数，of可省略；当dozen后面接these,those,them,us等词时，须先接of，再接这些词，但dozen仍不加-s；dozensof中的of不可省，此时表示不具体的数目。score用法和dozen相当，但of一般不省略。

severaldozenpencils

threedozenoftheseeggs

twodozenofthem

twoscoreofeggs

dozensofstudents

scoresofbooks3.基数词的位置常位于another,

all之后，such,

more之前，可置于last,next,other之前或之后。

anotherthreedays

allthetwentybooks

onemorebanana twosuchpencils

hislasttwodays

/

histwolastdaysoneandahalfapples/anappleandahalf4.基数词的句法功能(1)主语

Threeistoconcentrateonkeyindustriesandenterprises.(2)宾语Themovieearned$tenmillioninitsopeningweekend.(3)表语Apple’smarketvalueisover

8

billion

initsearlyyears.(4)同位语Theytwoareverydifferent—oneisoutgoing,theotherisshy.(5)定语Thefactoryproducesthreemillionbottlesofwatereveryyear.序数词的构成及作用1.常用序数词表IIIIII注意：21以上多位数词，只将末位数变为序数词，前面的其他位数仍用基数词。如：21st→twenty-first;22nd→twenty-second;33rd→thirty-third;100th→onehundredthfirst

secondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenthtwentieththirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredththousandthmillionth/billionth2.序数词的句法功能(1)定语 NeilArmstrongwasthefirstmantowalkonthemoon.OnmyfirstvisittotheGreatWall,Iwasamazedbyitshistory.(2)表语 Thesewomenarethe

firsttoclimbMountEverestwithoutoxygen.(3)主语

Ourfirstmodelsoldwell,butthesecondwasevenmorepopular.(4)同位语

Tommy,thefirst,comestotheclassroomandbeginstopreparehislessonsnow.(5)宾语

Doyoupreferthefirst

generationiPhoneorthesecond?注意：①序数词前一般要加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词。

Asthefirststudenttodiscovertheerror,shereceivedpraise.Duringhersecondvisittothemuseum,shefocusedonthemodernartsectionshe’dmissedbefore.②序数词前有时也可用不定冠词a，此时不强调顺序。“a+序数词”相当于another，表示“又一个，再一个”。Shetoldthesamejokeathirdtime,andnoonelaughedanymore.数词的应用1.用于构成分数、百分数、小数

onethird

三分之一

twothirds/two-thirds

三分之二

three-fifthsofthestudents

五分之三的学生

thirtypercentofthewater 30%的水

sixpointfourfive 6.45注意：表示几分之几（或百分之几)的人或物时，须在分数(或百分数)和人或物之间加of。若在句子中充当主语，谓语动词的数应与of后面的名词的数保持一致，如：

Seventy-onepercentoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater.2.倍数表达法(1)A+谓语+倍数+as+原级+as+BMynewapartmentisnotasbigasmyoldone,butit’scheaperandclosertowork.(2)A+谓语+倍数+asmany/much+名词+as+B

Asaseniorhighschoolstudent,mygoalistoreadasmanybooksasmyshelfhasheld.

Recyclingdoesn’ttakeasmuchenergyasmakingthesethingsthefirsttime.(3)A+谓语+倍数+比较级+than+BThebluewhaleistentimesbiggerthananelephant.

(4)A

+谓语+

倍数+

thesize(width/length/height/depth等)+of+BTheirnewaquariumholdsfivetimesthesizeofastandardswimmingpool.(5)A

+

谓语

+

倍数

+

what+

从句Aftertheinvestment,thecompany’svaluebecamethreetimeswhatitwaslastyear.(6)A

+

谓语

+

...by

+

倍数，表示“增加或减少了多少倍”Ihadtoincreasetherecipeingredientsbyfourtimestofeedeveryone.注意：表达倍数时，常用half表示“一半”，用double或twice表示“两倍”，用times表示三或三倍以上。表达倍数的词还可以是分数或百分数。3.日期的表达(1)某年：in

+数字

in2018(2)某月：in

+月份

inMay(3)某年某月：in+月+年

inMay,2018(4)某年某月某日:on+月+日/on+日+月，+年onMay1(st)/1(st)May,

20184.时刻的表达twenty-onepast/aftereight或eighttwenty-onefourto/ofnine或eightfifty-sixhalfpasteight或eightthirtyaquarterto/often或nine

forty-five5.年代的表达theearly1920s/1920’stheearlytwentiesthemid-eighties6.其他特殊表达(1)表示“每一段时间”或“每隔……”everythreedays/everyfourthdayeveryotherdayeveryfewdays(2)表示年龄inone’steensinone’stwentiesattheageof17Heisfortyyearsoldnow.Heisateacheroftwenty-four.Heisasixteen-year-oldstudent.(3)用于习语中oneatatimeonebyonetenoutoften3.书面表达中数词易错点聚焦1.数词的拼写错误

fourty

→forty

ninty

→ninety

nineth

→ninth

thirtith

→thirtieth

twentiety-first

→twenty-first

threefifth

→threefifths

the3thofFebruary

→the3rdofFebruary

OneThousandOneNights

→OneThousandand

OneNights(误)(误)(误)(误)(误)(误)(误)(误)(正)(正)(正)(正)(正)(正)(正)(正)4.考

点

集

训I.单句语法填空1.Hefinishedin_________(fifteen)placeinthemarathonanddidbetterthanlastyear.【解析】fifteenth考查序数词，表示排名。马拉松名次必须用序数词(第1→first，第2→second，第15→fifteenth)。基数词fifteen→

序数词fifteenth（注意拼写变化：five→fifth，twelve→twelfth，fifteen→fifteenth）。2.Hedevelopedbackpaininhis_______(forty)duetolonghoursatwork.【解析】forties考查年龄范围表达。“Inone’s+整十基数词复数”表示年龄段（40多岁→forties，50多岁→fifties）。3.Weopenedasecondstoresixmonthsafterthefirst,anda______(three)oneinVancouver.【解析】third考查序数词，表示开店顺序。句子提到first(第一个)和second(第二个)，因此第三个店应用序数词third。基数词three→

序数词third(特殊变形，非threeth)。4.I’dliketofighthimbecausehe’sundefeatedandIwanttobethe_____(one)mantobeathim.【解析】first考查序数词，表示“首个达成某成就的人”。语境强调“成为第一个击败他的人”，需用序数词first(而非基数词one)。固定搭配：thefirstpersontodosomething(第一个做某事的人)。5.__________(hundred)ofpeoplewereunabletogainadmissiontothehall.【解析】Hundreds考查概数表达，(hundred/thousand/million等)的复数用法。规则：具体数字+单数：twohundredpeople(200人)；不具体数字+复数+of：hundredsofpeople(数百人)。本题中未给出具体数字，且与介词of连用，必须用复数形式hundreds。6.Apolicemanwaskilledand______(score)ofpeoplewereinjuredinthefight.【解析】scores考查固定量词score的特殊用法。score表示20，其复数规则与hundred类似：具体数字+单数：threescoreyears(60年)；不具体数字+复数+of：scoresofpeople(数十人，约40-99人)。本题中scoresof为固定搭配，表示“大量(但少于一百)”。7.Surfaceirrigationistheoldesttypeandstillaccountsforaboutthree________(four)ofallirrigation.【解析】fourths考查分数的表达(分子>1时分母用复数)。分数构成规则：分子(基数词)+分母(序数词，分子>1时加-s)。本题分子是three(>1)，因此分母four→fourths(四分之三=three-fourths)。8.Itwasmy________(twelve)birthday.Mum,TomandIwenttothegametogether.【解析】twelfth考查序数词，在生日表达中的用法。生日必须用序数词(表示第几个生日)，基数词twelve→

序数词twelfth。拼写注意：twelve去-ve加-th→twelfth(类似five→fifth)。9.AmericanAirlinesisthe_______(three)largestcarrieratDenverInternationalAirport.【解析】third考查序数词，表示排名。句子提到航空公司规模排名，需用序数词third(第三大)。基数词three→

序数词third(特殊变形：five→fifth,twelve→twelfth)。比较级结构：the+序数词+最高级(如thesecondmostpopular)。10.Whattheylearnthelpedthemmake______firstairplaneflightin1903.【解析】the考查序数词前冠词用法。序数词(first/second等)前必须加定冠词the，表示“第几个”。固定结构：thefirst/second/third+名词(如thefirstprize)。特指意义：此处特指1903年的“首次飞行”，需用the。II.语法填空原创（数词专练）NumbersinOurLifeWhenIwalkedintotheauditorium,Isaw__________(hundred)ofstudentswaitingforthelecture.Thespeaker,aNobellaureateinhis______(sixty),wasintroducedasthe______(one)scientisttowinthisprizetwiceinthreedecades.Theresearchshowedthatabout_________(two-fifth)oftheaudienceweregraduatestudents,whileadozenwerehighschoolstudents.Interestingly,__________(thousand)oftheparticipantscamefromruralareas,andnearlyhalfofthemwerethe______(one)intheirfamiliestoattendcollege.DuringQ&A,a______(ten)graderaskedaboutthefutureofAI.Theprofessorsmiledandsaid,“Intwentyyears,AImightsurpasshumanintelligenceincertainfields.”Hethenadded,“Butremember,you’rethe________(two)generationtogrowupwithsmartphones.”hundredssixtiesfirsttwo-fifthsthousandsfirsttenthsecond【导语】本文通过描述一场学术讲座的场景，展现了数字在我们生活中的重要意义。演讲者是一位年过六旬的诺贝尔奖得主，他是近三十年来首位两次获得该奖项的科学家。研究数据显示，听众中有五分之二是研究生，另有数十名高中生，其中来自农村地区的数千名参与者中，近半数是家族中第一个上大学的人。教授表示二十年内AI可能在特定领域超越人类智能，并指出这些学生是伴随智能手机成长的第二代人群。1.hundreds考查概数表达。表示不具体数量时，hundred需用复数形式并与介词of连用，即“hundredsof”(数百)。2.sixties考查年龄范围表达。固定结构“inone’s+整十基数词复数”，表示年龄段(如inhissixties=60多岁)。3.first

考查序数词表顺序。thefirstscientist表示“第一位科学家”，序数词前必须加定冠词the。4.two-fifths

考查分数表达。分子大于1时，分母序数词用复数(two-fifths=2/5)，需加连字符。5.thousands

考查概数表达。thousandsof表示“数千”，必须用复数形式。6.first

考查序数词表顺序。thefirstintheirfamilies表示“家族中第一个”，序数词前加the。7.tenth

考查位数词(年级表达)。年级必须用序数词(tenthgrader=十年级学生)，注意拼写(ten→tenth)。8.second

考查序数词表顺序。thesecondgeneration表示“第二代”，序数词前加the。III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练)(2023年全国甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)

(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe

(six)century,BC.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,

RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,

alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,

(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage

(intend)foreveryone.

(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility

savingtheirenvironment.Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweighty

(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill