2020-2021学年重庆市清华中学高二下学期4月月考英语试题 解析版

重庆市清华中学2020-2021学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题一、阅读选择MonthlyTalksatLondonCanalMuseumOurmonthlytalksstartat19:30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon’tneedtobook.Theyendaround21:00.November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofcanalplanningandbuilding.ChrisLewiswillexplainhowBrindleymadesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilengineers”.December5thIcefortheMetropolis,byMalcolmTucker.Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers,therewasademandforiceforfoodpreservationandcatering,Malcolmwillexplainthehistoryofimportingnaturaliceandthetechnologyofbuildingicewells,andhowLondon’sicetradegrew.February6thAnUpdateontheCotswordCanals,byLizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay.March6thEyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.Onlinebookings:.uk/bookMoreinto:.uk/whatsonLondonCanalMuseum12-13NewWharfRoad,LondonNI9RT.uk

www.canalmuseum.mobiTel:020771308361．WhenisthetalkonJamesBrindley?A．February6th. B．December5th.C．November7th. D．March6th.2．WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?A．TheCanalPioneers. B．AnUpdateontheCotswordCanalsC．EyotsandAits-ThamesIslands D．IcefortheMetropolis3．WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames.A．MirandaVickers B．MalcolmTuckerC．ChrisLewis D．LizPayne【答案】1．C2．B3．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了伦敦运河博物馆的每月演讲，演讲内容以及安排。1．细节理解题。根据文中的"November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers."可知，JamesBrindley在11月7号演说。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据文中的"February6thAnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals,byLizPayne."可知，2月份讲座的主题是关于AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据文中的"EyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem."可知，MirandaVickers将要在岛上演说。故选A。【名师点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文第2题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干中“WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?”，从而直接定位第四段--根据文中的"February6thAnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals,byLizPayne."可知，可知，2月份讲座的主题是关于AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals。故选B。LastweekIvisitedmygrandparents.Myauntwasalsostayingthereforafewnightsforafamilyvisit.Mygrandmahadtoldmemyaunt’smoneyproblemsandalwaysfeelssobadforher.Myaunt,JenneyBrown,isinherearlythirtiesandshehasthreelittlechildren,alongwithseriousheartproblems.Herhusbanddiedofcancerafewyearsagoandshehaslostherjobrecently.Shehasalotoffinancialdifficulty.Shetoldmesomethingsinherlife:Shecouldn’tgetmilkforherlittleboysinceitistooexpensive.Shewassohappytofind$2jeansatashopeventhoughitcouldn’treallyfither,shewasworriedaboutthelongdrivetomygrandparents’house,becauseshehadnofoodforthenextdayandnomoneytobuygasonthewayasshehadspentherlast$20.Ihadsavedsomemoney.Afterhearingabouthertroubles,Iwentdownstairsandputanoteof$50inthefrontpocketofthehandbaginsecret.Ididn’twanttogivehermoneydirectly,becauseIknewitwouldembarrassherandthatshewouldrefuseitsinceI’makidanddon’thaveajob.However,I’mveryhappywithwhatIdid.AlthoughIdonotknowwhethershecanfindwhohasgivenherthemoney,Iknowitisofusetoher.Sheisraisingafamilyandhaslargemedicalneeds!Ihopemorepeopleknowhowbadmyaunt’ssituationreallyissothatshegetsmorehelp.4．WhathashappenedtoJenneyaccordingtothepassage?A．Herhusbandissufferingfromcancer.B．Shehastoraisethreelittlechildrenbyherself.C．Herhusbandhasseriousheartproblems.D．Shehasajobthatdoesn’tpaywell.5．WhydidthewritergiveJenneymoneyinsecret?A．Hewantedtomakehersurprised.B．Hewasanadult.C．Hedidn’twanthertothankhim.D．Hewouldberefusedifsheknewit.6．WecanguessfromthispassagethatJenney________.A．doesn’tmindherdressingB．mustbemorethan35yearsoldC．livesnotfarfromherparentsD．acceptswhatanyonegivesher7．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsJenny?A．Envious B．GratefulC．Sympathetic D．Skeptical【答案】4．B5．D6．A7．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者Jenny姑妈生活的艰辛和不易；出于同情，作者也悄悄地给了姑妈帮助，也希望更多的人知道姑妈的处境，来帮助姑妈。4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Myaunt,JenneyBrown,isinherearlythirtiesandshehasthreelittlechildren,alongwithseriousheartproblems.Herhusbanddiedofcancerafewyearsagoandshehaslostherjobrecently.(我的姑妈JenneyBrown30出头，她有三个小孩，她还有严重的心脏病。她的丈夫几年前死于癌症，最近她失业了)”可知，因为姑妈JenneyBrown丈夫去世了，所以她不得不独自抚养三个小孩。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterhearingabouthertroubles,Iwentdownstairsandputanoteof$50inthefrontpocketofthehandbaginsecret.Ididn’twanttogivehermoneydirectly,becauseIknewitwouldembarrassherandthatshewouldrefuseitsinceI’makidanddon’thaveajob.(听说她有麻烦后，我下楼把一张50美元的钞票秘密地放在手提包的前口袋里。我不想直接给她钱，因为我知道这会让她难堪，她会拒绝，因为我是个孩子，没有工作)”可知，作者悄悄地给姑妈钱，因为作者怕姑妈知道后，会拒绝自己。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据第一段“Shewassohappytofind$2jeansatashopeventhoughitcouldn’treallyfither…(她很高兴在一家商店里找到了2美元的牛仔裤，尽管它并不适合她……)”可知，Jenney姑妈用2美元买了一条不适合自己的牛仔裤，也觉得很好。由此可推知，Jenny姑妈不介意自己的着装。故选A。7．推理判断题。阅读文章内容，根据第三段描述可知，作者悄悄地给姑妈钱帮助姑妈，这是作者同情姑妈生活困难的一种表现；再结合最后一段“Ihopemorepeopleknowhowbadmyaunt’ssituationreallyissothatshegetsmorehelp.(我希望更多的人知道我阿姨的处境有多糟糕，这样她就能得到更多的帮助)”可知，作者希望更多的人能帮助姑妈，这也是作者同情姑妈生活艰辛的一种表现；由此可知，作者同情Jenny姑妈。故选C。Thehottest“green”toyinGermanyisn’tmadeoforganicorrecycledmaterials.Thisonehasasolarpanelandonlyrunsifkidsremembertoinsertbrightred“energystones”thatpowerthespacestation.Germany,apioneerinmanyrenewableenergymovements,isalsoattheforefrontofcreatingenvironment-friendlytoysaimedatmakingkidsthinkaboutwhereenergycomesfromandhowmuchofittheycanuse,raisingawarenessthroughplay.Anumberofhigh-techgreentoysareondisplayatthisyear'sNurembergtoyfair,whichrunsthroughSunday.Amongthem,therearehydroelectric-poweredtoycars,anddollhouseswithwind–poweredengineandrainwatercatchers.Thebrightgreen“FuturePlanet”spacestationfeaturesinnerequipmentwithafanthatispoweredbyafunctioningsolarcell.Itsaimistogetkidstousetheirimaginationabouthowenergywillbecreatedinthefuture.Makersandretailersbelievesuchtoyswillplayanincreasinglyimportantroleintheirfutureandthatofourkids.“Energyisthequestionofthefutureandwearedefinitelythinkingaboutthisaswemoveahead,”saidJudithSchweinitz,aspokeswomanforPlaymobil,makerofthesolarpanel-fittedspacestation.“Itisincreasinglybeingbroughtintoourplayconcept.”sheadded.Studiesindicatethatgreentoyswhichrangefromthosemadeofsustainablematerialstooneslikethespacestationthatjustraiseenvironmentalawarenessarebecomingmoreandmorepopularintheinternationaltoymarket.8．Thehottest“green”toyinGermanyis________.A．madeoforganicorrecycledmaterials B．madeofgreenstonesC．drivenbyanadvancedmotor D．equippedwithasolarpanel9．Thepurposeofmakingthegreentoysisto________.A．raisekids’awarenessaboutenergyandenvironment B．improvekids’imaginationC．givekidstheknowledgeoftechnology D．improvethesafetyoftoys10．Whatcanyouinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Energyisonlyaquestionofthefutureandweneedn’tcarenow.B．EnergyhasbeenbroughtintoourplayconcepttoomuchaccordingtoJudithSchweinitz.C．Thetrendintheinternationaltoymarketismoreandmoregreentoystoraiseenvironmentalawarenesswillhitthemarket.D．Thegreentoysmadeofsustainablematerialshaven’tbecomepopularyetintheinternationaltoymarket.11．Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanyoumostprobablyreadthisarticle?A．Entertainment. B．Travel. C．Education. D．Technology.【答案】8．D9．A10．C11．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国开始推出绿色环保玩具，旨在提高孩子们的能源和环境意识。制造商和零售商相信，这类玩具将在他们和我们的孩子的未来发挥越来越重要的作用。研究表明绿色玩具在国际玩具市场上越来越受欢迎，从那些由可持续材料制成的玩具到像空间站这样仅仅提高环境意识的玩具。8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thehottest“green”toyinGermanyisn’tmadeoforganicorrecycledmaterials.Thisonehasasolarpanelandonlyrunsifkidsremembertoinsertbrightred“energystones”thatpowerthespacestation.(德国最热门的“绿色”玩具不是由有机或可回收材料制成的。这个有太阳能电池板，只有在孩子们记得插入为空间站供电的鲜红色“能量石”时才能运行)”可知，德国最热门的“绿色”玩具配备了太阳能电池板。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Germany,apioneerinmanyrenewableenergymovements,isalsoattheforefrontofcreatingenvironment-friendlytoysaimedatmakingkidsthinkaboutwhereenergycomesfromandhowmuchofittheycanuse,raisingawarenessthroughplay.(德国是许多可再生能源运动的先驱，在制造环保玩具方面也走在了前沿，这些玩具旨在让孩子们思考能源来自哪里，他们可以使用多少能源，通过玩耍提高意识)”可知，制作绿色玩具的目的是提高孩子们的能源和环境意识。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Studiesindicatethatgreentoyswhichrangefromthosemadeofsustainablematerialstooneslikethespacestationthatjustraiseenvironmentalawarenessarebecomingmoreandmorepopularintheinternationaltoymarket.(研究表明绿色玩具在国际玩具市场上越来越受欢迎，从那些由可持续材料制成的玩具到像空间站这样仅仅提高环境意识的玩具)”可推知，国际玩具市场的趋势是越来越多的绿色玩具，提高环境意识将冲击市场。故选C。11．推理判断题。根据第一段“Thehottest“green”toyinGermanyisn’tmadeoforganicorrecycledmaterials.Thisonehasasolarpanelandonlyrunsifkidsremembertoinsertbrightred“energystones”thatpowerthespacestation.Germany,apioneerinmanyrenewableenergymovements,isalsoattheforefrontofcreatingenvironment-friendlytoysaimedatmakingkidsthinkaboutwhereenergycomesfromandhowmuchofittheycanuse,raisingawarenessthroughplay.Anumberofhigh-techgreentoysareondisplayatthisyear'sNurembergtoyfair,whichrunsthroughSunday.(德国最热门的“绿色”玩具不是由有机或可回收材料制成的。这个有太阳能电池板，只有在孩子们记得插入为空间站供电的鲜红色“能量石”时才能运行。德国是许多可再生能源运动的先驱，在制造环保玩具方面也走在了前沿，这些玩具旨在让孩子们思考能源来自哪里，他们可以使用多少能源，通过玩耍提高意识。在今年的纽伦堡玩具博览会上展出了许多高科技的绿色玩具)”可知，文章陈述的内容和科技有关。由此推知，文章可能选自报纸的“技术”专栏。故选D。Inthepasttwodecades,theChineseeconomyhasundergonemanyreformsinanefforttocompetemoreeffectivelyontheinternationalmarket.ThesereformsincludedallowingforeignbankstooffercreditcardstoChinesecitizens.Now,researchersattheUniversityofMissouri(MU)havefoundabout30%ofChineseurbanhouseholdsnowownatleastonecreditcardandthegrowthrateofcreditadoptionhasbeenanaverageof40%peryearbetween2004and2009.RuiYao,anassistantprofessorofpersonalfinancialplanningatMU,saysthatthislargegrowthinsuchasmallamountoftimehaspositiveandnegativeimplicationsfortheChineseeconomy.“WithmoreandmorepeopletakingadvantageofcreditcardsinChina,itcertainlyincreasespotentialconsumerbuyingpower,”Yaosaid.“However,wefoundthatmorethan90%ofcreditcarduserswereunawareofsafetyissuesexistingincreditcarduseandmorethan60%hadlittleknowledgeoftheconsequencesofcreditcarddebt.Thislackofknowledgecouldcreateproblemsascreditcardownershipisexpectedtogrowatarateof11%ayear.”Yaofoundthatwhile72%ofChinesecreditcardholderswereneverlateontheirpayment,only55%wereabletopaythefullbalance.Shealsofoundthat70%ofChinesecreditcardholderssaidthatcreditcardscontributedtooverspending.YaobelievethatChinesecouldbenefitfromfinancialeducationdesignedtohelpthemplanfortheirfinancialfutureandencouragingtheChinesetotakeadvantageofdebtinaresponsiblefashionisimportantfortheChineseeconomy.“Appropriateuseofdebtcanhelphouseholdsimprovetheirqualityoflifeaswellasspureconomicgrowththroughanincreaseinmarketpurchases.”Yaosaid.12．WhydidChinaallowforeignbankstooffercreditcardstoChinesecitizens?A．ToincreaseChinesecitizen’sconfidenceineconomyB．TorespondtotheurgentdemandforfinancialreformsC．ToimprovecompetitivenessintheinternationalmarketD．TopersuademoreChinesecitizenstoacceptcreditcards13．Alotoffiguresareusedinthetextinorderto________.A．recordthevaluabledate B．provideconcreteevidenceC．giveadetaileddescription D．introducearesearchmethod14．Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.A．someChinesecitizenslackknowledgeofcreditrisksB．overspendingismainlybroughtaboutbycreditcardsC．educationistheonlysolutionstofuturefinancialissuesD．mostChinesecreditcardholderscan’tpaythebalance15．Theunderlinedword“spur”inthelastparagraphisclosestinthemeaningto________.A．discourage B．delay C．control D．promote【答案】12．C13．B14．A15．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了提高国际市场竞争力，中国允许外资银行向中国公民提供信用卡，文章介绍了中国如今信用卡使用的情况以及存在的一些问题。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inthepasttwodecades,theChineseeconomyhasundergonemanyreformsinanefforttocompetemoreeffectivelyontheinternationalmarket.ThesereformsincludedallowingforeignbankstooffercreditcardstoChinesecitizens.(在过去的20年里，中国经济经历了许多改革，努力在国际市场上更有效地竞争。这些改革包括允许外资银行向中国公民提供信用卡)”可知，中国允许外资银行向中国公民提供信用卡是为了提高国际市场竞争力，故选C。13．推理判断题。根据第一段“Inthepasttwodecades,theChineseeconomyhasundergonemanyreformsinanefforttocompetemoreeffectivelyontheinternationalmarket.ThesereformsincludedallowingforeignbankstooffercreditcardstoChinesecitizens.Now,researchersattheUniversityofMissouri(MU)havefoundabout30%ofChineseurbanhouseholdsnowownatleastonecreditcardandthegrowthrateofcreditadoptionhasbeenanaverageof40%peryearbetween2004and2009.(在过去的20年里，中国经济经历了许多改革，努力在国际市场上更有效地竞争。这些改革包括允许外资银行向中国公民提供信用卡。如今，密苏里大学的研究人员发现，目前约有30%的中国城市家庭拥有至少一张信用卡，2004年至2009年期间，信用卡使用率平均每年增长40%)”；倒数第三段中“However,wefoundthatmorethan90%ofcreditcarduserswereunawareofsafetyissuesexistingincreditcarduseandmorethan60%hadlittleknowledgeoftheconsequencesofcreditcarddebt.Thislackofknowledgecouldcreateproblemsascreditcardownershipisexpectedtogrowatarateof11%ayear.(然而，我们发现，超过90%的信用卡用户不知道信用卡使用中存在的安全问题，超过60%的人对信用卡债务的后果知之甚少)”以及倒数第二段“Yaofoundthatwhile72%ofChinesecreditcardholderswereneverlateontheirpayment,only55%wereabletopaythefullbalance.Shealsofoundthat70%ofChinesecreditcardholderssaidthatcreditcardscontributedtooverspending.(姚发现，虽然72%的中国信用卡持卡人从未拖欠过还款，但只有55%的人能够全额还款。她还发现，70%的中国信用卡持卡人表示，信用卡导致了过度消费)”可推知，文中使用了大量的数字是为了提供具体的证据。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“However,wefoundthatmorethan90%ofcreditcarduserswereunawareofsafetyissuesexistingincreditcarduseandmorethan60%hadlittleknowledgeoftheconsequencesofcreditcarddebt.Thislackofknowledgecouldcreateproblemsascreditcardownershipisexpectedtogrowatarateof11%ayear.(然而，我们发现，超过90%的信用卡用户不知道信用卡使用中存在的安全问题，超过60%的人对信用卡债务的后果知之甚少)”可推知，部分中国公民对信用卡存在的风险认识不足。故选A。15．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Appropriateuseofdebtcanhelphouseholdsimprovetheirqualityoflifeaswellas”以及后文“economicgrowththroughanincreaseinmarketpurchases”可知，适当使用债务可以帮助家庭改善生活质量，并通过增加市场购买力来改善经济增长，故画线词意思是“改善”。A.discourage阻止；B.delay延期；C.control控制；D.promote改善。故选D。二、七选五AreportbytheNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth(NIOSH)showedthat40%ofworkersreportedtheirjobwasverystressful.So,it'snotsurprisingthatwe'reseeingaphenomenoncalledtheSundaynightblue—thatanxietyyouexperienceonSundaywhenthinkingaboutthecomingworkweek.16．Scheduleafunactivity.Ifyouaresittingaroundyourhouselyingonthesofa,itwillbemuchmorelikelyforthatanxietytocreepin.17．Itcanbeyourfavoritehobby,oryoumaygotothemovies,spendtimeoutsideordrinkwithfriends.18．Tryplanningyourweekinadvancebysettinggoalsanddeadlinesfortheweekahead.CleanoutyourinboxsoyoucanstartfreshonMonday.Youcanevenwriteemailsandsendthematafuturedate.Byorganizingyourthoughtsandpreparingforupcomingmeetings,itwillhelpsetyouupforagoodweekend.Consideranewcareerorjobopportunity.IfyouhaveextremeSundaynightblues,itmaybeasignthatyouneedtochangeyourjoborevenyourcareer.Startbyexaminingwhyyouareexperiencingthatfear.Areyouoverwhelmedbyyourwork?Isyourbossanightmaretoworkfor?19．Onceyougettotherootofyourproblem,youcandosomethingaboutit.Itmayevenbetimetoconsiderstartingabusinesssoyoucanexperiencethefreedom,flexibilityandfulfillmentofbeingyourownboss.20．Sodon'tsettle.Timeisprecious,andeverydayyouwakeupisagift.Makeitcount!A．Planfortheweekahead.B．Sitcomfortablywithyourbackstraight.C．Planafunactivitytokeepyourfocusonsomethingpositive.D．Makealistofthethingsthatcauseyoursadnessordepression.E.Instead,createaroutinewhereyoucheckemailduringtheweek.F.HerearesometipstohelpyoubeatthatSundayeveninganxiety.G.Whichevertipyouchoose,itispossibletolookforwardtoMondays.【答案】16．F17．C18．A19．D20．G【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国国家职业安全与健康研究所的一份报告显示，40%的工人称他们的工作压力很大。文章主要就如何应对周日晚上的焦虑提出了一些建议。16．根据上文“AreportbytheNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth(NIOSH)showedthat40%ofworkersreportedtheirjobwasverystressful.So,it'snotsurprisingthatwe'reseeingaphenomenoncalledtheSundaynightblue—thatanxietyyouexperienceonSundaywhenthinkingaboutthecomingworkweek.(美国国家职业安全与健康研究所的一份报告显示，40%的工人称他们的工作压力很大。所以，我们看到一种被称为“周日夜忧郁”的现象也就不足为奇了——当你想到即将到来的工作周时，你在周日会感到焦虑)”可知，上文提到了周日焦虑，结合后文介绍了战胜周日焦虑的建议，F选项中anxiety对应上文中thatanxiety。故F选项“这里有一些建议可以帮助你战胜周日晚上的焦虑”符合语境，故选F。17．根据上文“Scheduleafunactivity.Ifyouaresittingaroundyourhouselyingonthesofa,itwillbemuchmorelikelyforthatanxietytocreepin.(安排一个有趣的活动。如果你坐在家里的沙发上，焦虑就更有可能爬进来)”以及后文“Itcanbeyourfavoritehobby,oryoumaygotothemovies,spendtimeoutsideordrinkwithfriends.(它可以是你最喜欢的爱好，或者你可以去看电影，花时间在外面或与朋友喝酒)”可知，本段的建议是通过计划有趣的活动来减轻焦虑，C选项中Planafunactivity对应上文中Scheduleafunactivity.。故C选项“计划一项有趣的活动，让你的注意力集中在积极的事情上”符合语境，故选C。18．根据后文“Tryplanningyourweekinadvancebysettinggoalsanddeadlinesfortheweekahead.CleanoutyourinboxsoyoucanstartfreshonMonday.Youcanevenwriteemailsandsendthematafuturedate.Byorganizingyourthoughtsandpreparingforupcomingmeetings,itwillhelpsetyouupforagoodweekend.(试着提前制定一周的目标和截止日期。清理你的收件箱，这样周一你就可以重新开始了。你甚至可以写电子邮件，并在未来的日期发送给他们。通过整理你的想法，为即将到来的会议做准备，这将帮助你度过一个美好的周末)”可知，本段的主旨是通过提前制定一周的计划来减轻焦虑，A选项Planfortheweekahead对应后文中Tryplanningyourweekinadvance。故A选项“提前为一周做计划”符合语境，故选A。19．根据上文“Startbyexaminingwhyyouareexperiencingthatfear.Areyouoverwhelmedbyyourwork?Isyourbossanightmaretoworkfor?(首先检查你为什么会经历那种恐惧。你是否被工作压得喘不过气来？为你的老板工作是一场噩梦吗？)”以及后文“Onceyougettotherootofyourproblem,youcandosomethingaboutit.(一旦你找到问题的根源，你就能做些什么)”可知，上文提到先检查为什么会经历那种恐惧，后文则说找出问题的根源，可知本句是在说明如何找到问题的根源：把引起你悲伤或抑郁的事情列一个清单。故D选项“把引起你悲伤或抑郁的事情列一个清单”符合语境，故选D。20．根据后文“Sodon'tsettle.Timeisprecious,andeverydayyouwakeupisagift.Makeitcount!(所以不要停。时间是宝贵的，你每天醒来都是一份礼物。让它变得很重要！)”可知，本段为总结段落，应总结上文提到的这些关于处理星期天晚上焦虑的建议，指出珍惜时间的重要性。故G选项“无论你选择哪种建议，都有可能期待周一的到来”符合语境，故选G。三、完形填空Haveyouseenpeoplewhotakepicturesoffoodformorethan10minutesbeforeeating?MyfriendStellaissuchanexample.Everytimewewenttoarestaurant,shewouldnottakeabiteuntilallthedisheswe21wereonthetable.Thenshewouldspendfiveminutesin22thedishesinaseeminglyrandombutinfact23order.Thenthemostimportantpart:takingpictures.Afterthat,shewouldchooseoneofthe24andclickinthefilter(滤镜)app.Thefoodeventuallylooked10timesmoredeliciousthanitreallywas,butwehadno25toreallyenjoyit—itallwentcold.ActuallyStella’sreallifeismuchlesselegant.Forexample,shehatestowashthedishes,sosheleavestheminthesinkfordays.Manypeoplecaretoomuchaboutothers'opinionsandtrytoohardto26others.Theyfindithardtobe27andtoacceptthemselves,andthustheyareafraidtoshowtheir28lifeonsocialmedia.Whattheyaretryingtoproveis29whattheylackinreality.Butthiswillnotbringany30toreality,astheystill31thesameoldpatternoflife.Iftheyreallywantanelegantlife,theyshouldputmore32intoachievingit33fabricating(伪造)it.Beingmoreconfident,34themselvesandtryingtheirbesttobebetteraremuchmoremeaningfulthan35theirlifeonsocialmedia.21．A．ordered B．served C．offered D．prepared22．A．cooking B．washing C．setting D．collecting23．A．messy B．arranged C．casual D．missed24．A．dishes B．restaurants C．tables D．pictures25．A．chance B．choice C．excuse D．reason26．A．comfort B．please C．inspire D．discourage27．A．independent B．generous C．responsible D．confident28．A．real B．secret C．peaceful D．healthy29．A．rarely B．hardly C．exactly D．nearly30．A．difficulty B．change C．guidance D．harm31．A．question B．dislike C．doubt D．follow32．A．effort B．ambitions C．feelings D．money33．A．otherthan B．morethan C．ratherthan D．lessthan34．A．identifying B．accepting C．persuading D．amusing35．A．simplifying B．ruining C．beautifying D．worsening【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．D25．A26．B27．D28．A29．C30．B31．D32．A33．C34．B35．C【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了现在一些人在社交媒体上过度美化自己的生活，作者认为这是不自信、不敢接受自己造成的。如果他们想要优雅的生活，他们应该更加努力，而不是制造假象。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我们去饭馆，知道我们点的菜都上桌了她才会开始吃。A.ordered点；B.served服务；C.offered提供；D.prepared准备。根据句意可知，此处是指作者一家点的菜被端上桌，故选A项。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她会用五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。A.cooking烹饪；B.washing清洗；C.setting摆；D.collecting收集。根据下文的Thenthemostimportantpart:takingpictures.可推测，她要把菜品摆好来拍照，故选C项。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.messy杂乱的；B.arranged布置好的；C.casual随意的；D.missed错过的。根据句意可知，此处应选择一个和random相反的词，故选B项。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：之后，她会选择一张照片，然后放进滤镜app。A.dishes菜；B.restaurants饭馆；C.tables桌子；D.pictures照片。根据上文的takingpictures可知此处用“照片”符合语境，picture是原词复现，故选D项。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，食物看起来比事实上的美味10倍，但是我们没有享用的机会，因为食物已经冷了。A.chance机会；B.choice选择；C.excuse借口；D.reason原因。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为有人拍照，导致食物变凉，大家错过了享受美食的机会，故选A项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人过于在乎别人的观点，并且尽全力去取悦别人。A.comfort安慰；B.please使……高兴。C.inspire启发；D.discourage使丧气。根据上文的Manypeoplecaretoomuchaboutothers'opinions可知此处用“取悦别人”符合语境，故选B项。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为自信很困难、很难接受自己，因此他们害怕把自己真实的一面展现在社交媒体上。A.independent独立的；B.generous慷慨的；C.responsible负责的；D.confident自信的。根据下文thustheyareafraidtoshowtheir8lifeonsocialmedia可知，他们觉得接受自己很困难，由此推测他们不自信，故选D项。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.real真正的；B.secret秘密的；C.peaceful和平的；D.healthy健康的。根据下文的whattheylackinreality可知此处用“真实的自己”符合语境，real和reality是同根词，故选A项。29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们尽力想要证明的，恰好是他们在现实生活中缺乏的。A.rarely稀少地；B.hardly几乎不；C.exactly确切地，恰好；D.nearly几乎。根据下文whattheylackinreality可知，此处是指人们在社交媒体上展示的东西，恰好是自己所缺乏的东西，故选C项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变，因为他们依然遵循旧的生活模式。A.difficulty困难；B.change改变；C.guidance向导；D.harm伤害。根据下文的astheystill____11____thesameoldpatternoflife.可知他们的现实生活并没有改变，故选B项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.question质问；B.dislike不喜欢；C.doubt怀疑；D.follow遵循。根据still和下文thesame可推断，此处是指他们依然按原来的方式来生活，用“遵循”符合语境，故选D项。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们真的想要优雅的生活，他们应该付出更多的努力来实现它而不是捏造它。A.effort努力；B.ambitions抱负；C.feelings感情；D.money金钱。根据常识可知，想要美好的生活，就必须付出努力，故选A项。33．考查副词短语辨析。句意同上。A.otherthan除了；B.morethan超过；C.ratherthan而非；D.lessthan少于。根据句意可知，上下文是对比关系，故选C项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自信，接受自己，尽最大努力变得更好，比在社交媒体上美化自己的生活更有意义。A.identifying识别；B.accepting接受；C.persuading说服；D.amusing使高兴。根据上文的Theyfindithardtobe___7___andtoacceptthemselves可知此处用“接受”符合语境，accept是原词复现，故选B项。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.simplifying简化；B.ruining摧毁；C.beautifying美化；D.worsening恶化。根据第一段的Afterthat,shewouldchooseoneofthe___4___andclickinthefilterapp.可知，作者的朋友是在美化自己的生活，故此处用“美化”符合语境，故选C项。【点睛】完成完形填空的方法之一是利用复现原则，包括原词复现、同义词复现和反义词复现，以本篇为例：第4小题的答案picture和上文takingpictures.的picture是原词复现第7小题的答案confident和下文Beingmoreconfident的confident是原词复现第8小题的答案real和下文whattheylackinreality.的reality是同根词复现第14小题的答案accepting和上文toacceptthemselves的accept是原词复现四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Monkeysdonotlikeitwhenothersgetmorefood36．theydo,accordingtoanewstudy.ResearchersfromYaleandHarvarduniversitiesfoundCapuchinmonkeyspunishmonkeys37．getmorefood."Thissortof,'IfIcan'thaveit,noonecan'responseisbecause38．psychologicalspite(怨恨),anditwas39．(previous)thoughtuniquetohumans,"saidKristinLeimgruberofHarvardUniversity.Sheisaco-authoroftheresearchstudy.TheresearcherswatchedassomeCapuchinmonkeys40．(give)morefoodthanothers.Theyfoundthatmonkeysgettingthe41．(small)sharepulledaropetofoldupatableholdingtheothermonkey'sbiggershare.Anotherleadresearcher,LaurieSantas,42．(explain)overemail,"Ithinkwhatwecanconcludeabouthumansisthatsomeofourmoreembarrassingtendencieshaverelativelydeep43．(root)."Santossaidthespitefulresponsewasnotpresentwithanothermemberoftheapespecies—chimpanzees(黑猩猩).Anearlierstudy,shesaid,showedchimpanzeeswouldfoldupthetableofotherchimpanzees44．(steal)foodfromthem.Buttheywouldnotpunishchimpanzeeswhojusthappened45．(have)morefood,Santossaid.Inotherwords,itwasfineifanotherchimpanzeehadmorefoodaslongastheydidnotstealit.【答案】36．than37．that/which/who38．of39．previously40．weregiven41．smaller42．explained43．roots44．stealing45．tohave【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了猴子和猩猩与人类之间的相似之处。它们会和人类一样有嫉妒心，当另外的一只猴子得到更多的食物时，它就会生气嫉妒；当别的猴子抢了或者偷了别人的东西，那只猴子就会暴跳如雷。36．考查连词。句意：根据一项新的研究，猴子不喜欢别的猴子得到的食物比他们多。根据比较级more，可知填than。37．考查定语从句。句意：耶鲁大学和哈佛大学的研究人员发现卷尾猴惩罚获得食物多的猴子。本句为定语从句修饰先行词monkeys，且先行词在从句中作主语，monkey既可以用来表示指人，用关系代词who，也可以表示指动物，填关系代词that/which。故填关系代词that/which/who。38．考查固定短语。句意：这种，如果我不能拥有，别人也不能的反应是因为心理嫉恨。becauseof固定短语，“因为”，故填of。39．考查副词。句意：这一点，在以前被认为是人类所独有的。副词修饰谓语动词作状语，故填previously。40．考查时态语态。句意：当一些卷尾猴被给予比其他卷尾猴更多食物时，研究人员做了观察。根据主句的谓语动词watched可知宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时，结合句意可知用被动语态，故填weregiven。41．考查形容词。句意：他们发现得到较小份额食物的猴子将会用一根绳子拽翻放着其他猴子的较大份额食物的桌子。根据下文中的bigger，可知此处用比较级，故填smaller。42．考查时态。句意：另一位首席研究员，LaurieSantas通过电子邮件来解释这一现象。事情已经发生，用一般过去时，故填explained。43．考查名词，句意：我认为我们可以得出关于人类的结论，我们的一些比较尴尬的倾向拥有相对深厚的根基。root是可数名词，此处用复数形式作宾语，故填roots。44．考查非谓语动词。句意：她说早先的研究中表明黑猩猩会破坏其他偷走它们食物的黑猩猩的桌子。此处现在分词作定语，与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故填stealing。45．考查固定短语。句意：但是它们不会惩罚那些恰巧比它们拥有更多食物的黑猩猩。happentodo固定短语，“碰巧做.....”，故填tohave。【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when,where,why)(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)如第二小题，本句为定语从句修饰先行词monkeys，且先行词在从句中作主语，monkey既可以用来表示指人，用关系代词who，也可以表示指动物，故填关系代词that/which/who。五、提纲类作文46．假定你是李华，你在外教Henry的指导下完成了以中美文化交流为主题的演讲。请给他写封邮件，以表达谢意。注意