英语专业八级汉译英练习

2on年英语专业八级汉译英练习汇总

L学无止境

传道者感叹到：“著书立说没有止境“，却没发觉他已高度评价了作家这一职业。的确，

写作、旅行、积聚财富都是没有终结的。一个问题引发另外一个问题。我们不断学习，且永

远达不到心中所渴望的那般学识渊博。我们永远雕刻不出自己心仪的塑像。当发现一个新大

陆,或翻过一座山脉时，我们总会看到远方还有未曾涉足的海洋与陆地。宇宙浩渺，总会有

供我们勤奋努力的东西，总会有供我们探索的空间。它不像卡莱尔的著作，可以读完。即使

在其一角，在一个私人花园，或一个农庄附近，四季轮回，天气瞬息万变，哪怕在那里生活

了一辈子，也总会有让我们惊喜的事情。

"Ofmakingbooksthereisnoend,*'complainedthePreacher;anddidnotperceiveh

owhighlyhewaspraisinglettersasanoccupation.Thereisnoend,indeed,tomakingb

ooksorexperiments,ortotravel,ortogatheringwealth.Problemgivesrisetoproblem.

Wemaystudyforever,andweareneveraslearnedaswewould.Wehavenevermade

astatueworthyofourdreams.Andwhenwehavediscoveredacontinent,orcrosseda

chainofmountains,itisonlytofindanotheroceanoranotherplainuponthefurtherside.

Intheinfiniteuniversethereisroomforourswiftestdiligenceandtospare.Itisnotli

ketheworksofCarlyle,whichcanbereadtoanend.Eveninacornerofit,inapriva

tepark,orintheneighbourhoodofasinglehamlet,theweatherandtheseasonskeepso

deftlychangingthatalthoughwewalkthereforalifetimetherewillbealwayssomethin

gnewtostartleanddelightus.

2.理解和表达

理解和表达是翻译过程中两个紧密联系的阶段，理解是表达的前提，没有正确的理解就

不可能有正确的表达。具体到八级考试翻译测试中，考生应正确理解原文中的词法和句法结

构，修辞手法，以及原文中涉及的文化背景知识等。请看下面的例子：

我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁.

误译：Myadvisor,anAsian,wasaddictedtoalcoholsandcigarettes.

改译：Myadvisor,anAsianAmerican,wasaddictedtoalcoholsandcigarettes.

这是1997年八级考试汉译英试题中的一句，很多考生将“亚裔人"理解为"亚洲人"，而译

成Asian,这显然是不对的.根据原文的语境，这里的“亚裔人”指的是已经取得美国国籍的亚洲

人，应翻译成AsianAmerican.

Amongprominentsummerdeaths,onerecallsthoseofMarilynMonroeandJamesD

ean,whoselivesseemedequallybriefandcomplete.

误译：在著名的夏天的逝世者中，我们会想起玛丽莲梦露和詹姆斯迪恩，他们的生命都是

既短促又圆满的.

改译：在著名的英年早逝者中，我们会想起玛丽莲梦露和詹姆斯迪恩，他们的生命都是既

短促又圆满的。

这是2000年八级考试英译汉试题中的一句，居中summerdeaths短语中的summer不

是“夏天”的意思，而是”壮年“，”全盛期”的意思。如此错误的理解导致译文在意思上和原文相

去甚远.

3.白蚁之害

你知道白蚁之害吗?一座大厦如果有了白蚁，不加防治，不到十年时间，里面的地板壁

板，都会蛀蚀一空。一般的房屋受了严重的蚁害，有的还会突然倒塌下来，伤了性命。电杆

被白蚁蛀蚀，一般两三年就要换一次。船只有了白蚁，轻的会将货物蛀烂，重的会使船沉没。

铁路枕木如果受白蚁侵蚀，火车就有出轨的危险。白蚁这种害虫，实在是相当可恶的。在我

们的社会里，则有另•种“白蚁”。前些日子报载吉林省外贸局副局长王震宇利用职权，大慷

国家之慨，吃喝玩乐，请客送礼，浪费惊人，不也是一种“白蚁”之害吗？

白蚁

*[termite]等翅目的•种像蚂蚁的昆虫，群居，取食木材，对森林、建筑、桥梁等为害极大

*Whiteants

*害：harm;harmfulness;destruction,destructiveness,destructivity

TheDestructivenessofTermites

Termitesaredestructive

TheDestructiveTermites

你知道白蚁之害吗？

*译文：Doyouknowhowdestructivetermitesare?

*Doyouknowtermitesaredestructive?

*Haveyouheardofdestructionbytermites?

一座大厦如果有了白蚁，不加防治，不到十年时间，里面的地板、壁板，都会蛀蚀一

空。

*大厦：edifice,high-rise,mansion,tallbuilding

*有了白蚁：这里似乎有“白蚁泛滥成灾”或“闹蚁灾”的意思，beinfestedwith,beramp

antwith

*一座大厦如果有了白蚁，不加防治：

*防治：preventandcontrol;check

*（如果）不加防治：加以：对……进行（无需翻译）

*不至lj:lessthan;fewerthan;withtenyears

*地板：woodenfloor

*壁板：wallpaneling

*蛀蚀：bore,worm-eaten;moth-eaten;eataway,damage

*一空：一点不乘!Jnothingisleft;...tonothing;withnothingleft;eatawayall...

参考译文

Ifatallbuildingwereinfestedwithtermitesandnothingweredonetopreventandc

ontrolthem,theentirewoodenfloorandwallpanelinginsideitwouldhavebeeneatena

wayinlessthantenyears.

一般的房屋受了严重的蚁害，有的还会突然倒塌下来，伤了性命。

*受了害：beinfestedwith;beaffectedby;suffer（severedamage）from;termite-ri

dden（充满...的）,beinvadedby

•般的房屋受了严重的蚁害，有的还会突然倒塌下来，伤了性命。

*一般的房屋（如果）受了严重的蚁害：此句为条件关系.Ordinaryhouses

*另外可以把“有的"与“一般的房屋”合起来，变成“someoftheordinaryhousesmight

collapseifheavilydamagedbytermites.

一般的房屋受了严重的蚁害，有的还会突然倒塌下来，伤了性命。

“会”字的翻译：will,would,can,could,may,might

*倒塌：collapse,topple,ciumble

*伤了性命：causedeath;causealossoflife*参考译文：

*1.Ifseriouslydamaged,somehousesoftheordinarykindmighttopple,causingdea

ths.

*2.Ifordinaryhousessufferedfromtermiteattack,somewouldcollapse,killingpeop

leinside.

*3.Someoftheordinaryhousesdamagedbytermitesmightcollapse,causingcasualti

es.

电杆被白蚁蛀蚀，一般两三年就要换一次。

*电杆：wirepole,不能译成electricpole（带电的杆子）

*-，般：usually;asarule;ordinary;common;generallyspeaking;

*更换：substitute;replace

电杆被白蚁蛀蚀，一般两三年就要换一次。

*Generallyspeaking,termite-eatenwirepolesoughttobereplacedeverytwoorthree

years.

*Wirepoleswouldhavetobereplacedattwoorthreeyears'intervalduetodamage

bytermites.

船只有了白蚁，轻的会将货物蛀烂，重的会使船沉没。

*此句可以理解为:如果白蚁在船上轻微泛滥，货物会被蛀烂，如果严重泛滥，会使船沉

没.

(1.)Ifslightlydamagedbytermiteeating,goodsonaboatmightdecay;ifheavilyd

amaged,theboatmightsink.

船只有了白蚁，轻的会将货物蛀烂，重的会使船沉没。

*(2.)Minordamagetoaboatbytermiteswouldverylikelyruinthefreightonboard

whileseveredestructionmightwellleadtothesinkingoftheboat.

铁路枕木如果受白蚁侵蚀，火车就有出轨的危险。

*枕木：sleeper,crossties

*出轨：bederailed,runoffthetrack,goofftherail

l.Ifrailwaysleeperswereeatenawaybytermites,trainswouldbeindangerofrunni

ngoffthetrack.

2.Trainsrunningontermite-eatensleepersarerunningtheriskofgoingofftherails.

3.Termite-eatensleeperswouldderailtrains.

白蚁这种害虫，实在是相当可恶的。

*可恶：abhorrent;abominable;loathsome;disgusting

*Howdisgustingpestsliketermitesare!

*Whatdisgustingpeststennitesare!

*Suchpestsastermitesarereallydisgusting!

在我们的社会里，则有另一种“白蚁

1.Thereisanotherkindofinoursociety.

2.'Termites“ofadifferentkindcanalsobefoundinoursociety.

前些日子报载

*前些日子：即最近、近来afewdaysago,theotherday,lately,recently

*报载：itwasreportedonthenewspaperthat;accordingtoanewspaper;accordingto

apressreport

吉林省外贸局副局长王震宇利用职权，大慷国家之慨，吃喝玩乐，请客送礼，浪费惊人，

不也是•种“白蚁”之害吗？

*外贸局：ForeignTradeBureau

*吉林省外贸局:JilinForeignTradeBureau

*副局长：vice-director;deputychief

前些日子报载吉林省外贸局副局长王震宇利用职权，大慷国家之慨，吃喝玩乐，请客送

礼，浪费惊人，不也是一种“白蚁”之害吗？

*吉林省外贸局副局长王震宇：WangZhenyu,fonner（因已经下台）deputydirectorofJ

ilinForeignTradeBureau

*利用:use;utilize;employ;exploit;takeadvantageof;（滥用）abuse

*职权：power;authority

前些日子报载吉林省外贸局副局长王震宇利用职权，大慷国家之慨，吃喝玩乐，请客送

礼，浪费惊人，不也是一种“白蚁”之害吗？

*慷慨：大量给予，这里是反话，大量使用，挥霍spend/expendwastefully;squander

*（慷慨：滥用职权的具体表现，所以使用abusehispowerbysquandering的结构更好）

前些日子报载吉林省外贸局副周长王震宇利用职权，大慷国家之慨，吃喝玩乐，请客送

礼，浪费惊人，不也是一种“白蚁''之害吗？

*国家：government,state

*大慷国家之慨：expendmoneyattheexpenseofthestate;squanderlargeamountsof

governmentmoney...

*吃喝玩乐：wining,diningandotherpleasure-seeking

前些日子报载吉林省外贸局副局长王震宇利用职权，大慷国家之慨，吃喝玩乐，请客送

礼，浪费惊人，不也是一种“白蚁”之害吗？

*请客：entertainguests;giveadinnerparty;invite...todinner;treat

*送礼：present/give...giftorpresent

*不也是：难道不是Aren'tthey/Isn'tit…

*按照英文习惯，这段文字处理成“浪费大量资金用于吃喝玩乐、请客送礼，这一切全部

出自国家腰包

*Accordingtoarecentpressreport,WangZhenyu,formervicedirectorofJilinForei

gnTradeBureau,abusedhispowerbysquanderingagrotesqueamountofmoneywining,

dining,holdingdinnerparties,givinggiftsandseekingotherpleasures,allattheexpense

ofthestate.Isn'theasdestructiveas“termites"too?

4.当生活中的不确定感向你袭来

我的一个好朋友最近接受了白血病测试。她对我说，最令人痛苦的折磨就是苦苦等待测

试结果的那一周时间。我朋友说，她可能会学着直面坏结果。但真正让人煎熬焦虑的是那种

茫然的感觉。

孟克(EdvardMunch)的名画《呐喊》哈佛大学心理学家吉尔伯特(DanielGilbert)不久前在

《纽约时报》(NewYorkTimes)的专栏中写道，不知道要发生什么坏事比知道什么坏事要发

生的感觉更糟。我们大多数人之所以会夜不能寐、抽烟发泄，并不是因为道琼斯指数要再跌

1000点，而是因为我们不知道道指会不会下跌一不确定的感觉比不确定的事情本身更折磨

人。

CopingWiththeCertaintyofUncertainty

Aclosefriendofminerecentlyunderwenttestsforleukemia.Themostagonizingpartofthe

ordeal,shesaid,wastheweek-longwaitforthetestresults.Abadoutcomeshecouldlearnto

copewith,myfriendsaid.Itwasthenotknowing,theuncertainty,thatwassodifficult.

Peoplefeelworsewhensomethingbadmightoccurthanwhensomethingbadwilloccur,,

wroteHarvardpsychologistDanielGilbertinarecentNewYorkTimesop-ed.'Mostofusaren't

losingsleepandsuckingdownMarlborosbecausetheDowisgoingtofallanotherthousand

points,butbecausewedon'tknowwhetheritwillfallornot-andhumanbeingsfinduncertainty

morepainfulthanthethingsthey'reuncertainabout.'

5,成为圣者的秘诀

Thesecretofbeingasaint(revisedbyUncleYeti)

从前，在一个国家里，有一位做了无数善事的善心者。国王非常欣赏他的善举，便封他

为圣者。

有一天，圣者过八十大寿，国王前来庆贺，特别带来一位画家，想通过画家的笔，将这

位圣者慈祥的容貌画下来，作为世人的典范。

用完晚餐之后，众多的嘉宾前来观赏这幅慈爱的画。肖像画家将这幅画像拿出来的时候，

所有人大吃一惊。因为画里的人根本没有慈善的面貌，反而充满暴戾，粗野，邪恶的气息。

国王一看，生气地要人把画家拖出去鞭打。

这时，圣者听到惊呼声，跑了过来，他看到这幅画后，跪倒在地：“国王，这画里的人，

才是真实的我啊。”国王惊诧地问：“为什么？‘圣者道："这就是我一生挣扎着，不想去做的

那个人啊。”

在这世匕没有天生的圣者，惟有能时时刻刻自我反省，自我检视的人，才能成为圣者。

Onceuponatimetherelivedinacountryado-gooder.Thekingwasveryappreciativeofhis

deedsanddecidedtohonourhimasasaintbyadecree.

Onthesaint'seightiethbirthday,thekingwasinvitedtohisbirthdaycelerbration.Hebrought

withhimapaintersoastodoapictureofthekindlysaintasaparagonforhiscountrymen.

Whenthefeastisoveralltheguestswereaskedtohavealookatthepicture.Totheirgreat

surprise,whenthepicturewasshown,whattheysawwasnotakindbutaruthlessandcruellook.

Thekingwasveryangryatseeingthisandorderedhismentobeatthepainter.

Uponhearingthenoise,thesaintrushedtothescenetohavealookatthepicture.After

viewingit,thesaintkneltdownandsaid,"yourmajesty,thepersoninthepictureisnoneother

thanme."Why?"saidtheking,dumbfounded.*ThishasbeentheverypersonwhomIhavenever

wantedtobe."

Inthisworld,therearenonaturallybornsaints;onlythosewhocandoself-criticismand

sel-examination,canbecomesaints.

6.慈禧与猴

光绪二十六年，八国联军攻占北京。慈禧太后弃城而走，一直逃到西安。和谈开始后，

她并未马上返回北京。起初，外国列强的要求里面有一项是让慈禧太后退位，由光绪帝重新

执掌朝廷。不过，在与李鸿章多次会谈后，他们放弃了这一要求。

【中文】

第二年正式签署和约，随后过了一个月慈禧才终于从西安动身。她对外国人万分惧怕，

正像她对国人无比傲慢一样。她在河南停留了很长一段时间，到了保定又逗留多日，好不容

易才回到北京。据野史记载，在这漫长的旅途中还发生了一件趣事。•位地方官员送给慈禧

一只猴子，她颇为高兴，竟下旨给那只猴子穿黄马褂。后来太监报告说，有的官员发出了“人

不如猴的感慨，慈禧这才发现自己的决定有些荒唐，于是又下旨给随行官员每人一件黄马

褂。得到这殊荣之后，大家真不知道该感谢慈禧还是感谢那只猴子。

【英文】

Inthefollowingyear,aformalpeacepactwassigned.Aboutamonthlater,Cixileft

Xi'anatlast.Shewasutterlyfearfulofforeignersjustasshewasextremelyarro-gantto

wardherowncountrymen.ShestoppedfaralongtimeinHenanandhaltedinBaodingf

orquiteafewdaysbeforefinallyarrivinginBeijing.Accordingtounofficialaccounts,an

amusingepisodetookplaceduringthislonganddrawnoutjourney.Whenalocaloff!ci

alofferedamonkeytoherasagift,shewassopleasedthatsheorderedayellowmand

arinjackettobeconferreduponthemonkey.later,aeunuchheardsomeofficialscomplain

ingthatpeoplewereconsideredlessworthythanamonkeyandwenttoinformCixi,who

realizedthatherorderhadbeenindeedalittletoowhimsical.Sosheissuedanotheredic

tgrantingeachoftheescortingofficialsayellowmandarinjacket.Uponthereceiptofsu

chanunusualfavortheofficialsdidnotknowwhethertheyshouldthankCixiorrathert

hemonkeyforit.

7.我的人生追求

WhatIHaveLivedForbyBertrandRussell

“我的人生追求”—伯特兰・罗素

有三种朴实却异常强烈的激情左右着我的人生:渴望爱情、寻求知识和对受苦人的怜悯。

这三种激情尤如飓风肆意地吹着我，从无边的苦海吹向绝境。

我寻找爱，因为爱使人陶醉。我常常宁愿用我全部的余生来换取儿个小时这样的欣喜。

我寻找爱，因为爱使我解除了孤寂，解除了一个颤抖的灵魂从人世间到冷漠无底的深渊所经

历的孤寂。我寻找爱，因为我在爱的缩影中看到了圣人和诗人眼里天堂的景象。这就是以往

我寻找的，虽然对于人生来说似乎过于美好，但我终于找到了。

以同样的激情，我寻求知识。我渴望理解人类的心灵。我想知道群星为何闪烁。我试图

领悟毕达哥拉斯的数的魔力，它支配着数的和谐。我已多少达到了此目的。

爱和知识总是通往天堂。但是怜悯总把我带回尘世。痛苦喊叫的回声在我心中回荡。挨

饿的孩子，遭摧残的受害者，被子女视为累赘的无助老人，以及这个充满孤独、贫穷和痛苦

的世界，是对应有人生的一种嘲弄。我渴望减轻这种灾难，但是我无能为力，我也在受苦。

Threepassions,simplebutoverwhelminglystrong,havegovernedmylife■--thelonging

forlove,thesearchforknowledge,andtheunbearablepityforthesufferingofmankind.

Thesepassions,likegreatwinds,haveblownmehitherandthither,inawaywardcourse,ov

eradeepoceanofanguish,reacingtotheveryvergeofdespair.

1havesoughtlove,first,becauseitbringsecstasy—ecstasysogreatthatIwouldofte

nhavesacrificedalltherestoflivingforafewhoursofthisjoy.Ihavesoughtit,next,

becauseitrelievesloneliness—thatterriblelonelinessinwhichoneshiveringconsciousnes

slooksovertherimoftheworldintothecoldunfathomablelifelessabyss.Ihavesought

it,finally,becauseintheunionofloveIhaveseen,inamysticmimature,theprefiguringvi

sionoftheheaventhatsaintsandpoetshaveimagined.ThisiswhatIsought,andthoug

hitmightseemtoogoodforhumanlife,thisiswhat,atlast,Ihavefound.

WithequalpassionIhavesoughtknowledge.!havewishedtounderstandtheheaitso

fmen.Ihavewishdtoknowwhythestarsshine.AndIhavetriedtoapprehendthePyth

agoreanpowerbywhichnumberholdsswayabovetheflux.Alittleofthis,butnotmuc

h,Ihaveachieved.

Loveandknowledge,sofarastheywerepossible,ledupwardtowardtheheavens.Bu

talwayspitybroughtmebacktoearth.Echoesofcriesofpainreverberatemyheart.Chi

Idreninfamine,victimstorturedbyoppressors,helplessoldpeopleahatedburdentotheir

sons,andthewholeworldofloneliness,poverty,andpainmakeamockeryofwhathum

anlifeshouldbe.Ilongtoalleviatetheevil,butIcannot,and1toosuffer.

Thishasbeenmylife.Ihavefounditworthliving,andwouldgladlyliveitagaini

fthechancewereofferedme.

8.真正的幸福

正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如

此连绵不绝，永无止境。对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有•番新天地。虽然我们蜗居于这颗

小行星上，整日忙于锁事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。

只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希

翼，而并非拥有。

参考译文：

Weliveinanascendingscalewhenwelivehappily,onethingleadingtoanotherinan

endlessseries.Thereisalwaysanewhorizonforonward-lookingmen,andalthoughwedwellon

asmallplanet,immersedinpettybusinessandnotenduringbeyondabriefperiodofyears,weare

soconstitutedthatourhopesareinaccessible,likestars,andthetermofhopingisprolongeduntil

thetermoflife.Tobetrulyhappyisaquestionofhowwebeginandnotofhowweend,ofwhat

wewantandnotofwhatwehave.

9.进取的幸福

正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如

此连绵不绝，永无止境。对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。虽然我们蜗居于这颗

小行星上，整日忙于锁事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。

只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希

翼，而并非拥有。

Weliveinanascendingscalewhenwelivehappily,onethingleadingtoanotherinan

endlessseries.Thereisalwaysanewhorizonforonward-lookingmen,andalthoughwedwellon

asmallplanet,immersedinpettybusinessandnotenduringbeyondabriefperiodofyears,weare

soconstitutedthatourhopesareinaccessible,likestars,andthetermofhopingisprolongeduntil

thetennoflife.Tobetrulyhappyisaquestionofhowwebeginandnotofhowweend,ofwhat

wewantandnotofwhatwehave.

10.中国的文学

与舞蹈和音乐相伴的歌谣跟口头流传的神话，远在文字出现之前就已大量产生。中国的

文学正是发端于此。不过歌谣本是人们在生活中随兴而发的东西，上古时代也没有保存和记

载它们的手段，因之也就很快湮灭，不留痕迹。我们只能从一些古籍书中推断它们的存在。

古书中记载了一些据称年代非常久远的歌谣，但是大多出于后人的伪托，能够断定朝代的歌

谣要到《诗经》里才能看见。从这点来看，古代神话对中国文学的影响更为显著。

Longbeforetheemergenceofthewrittenword,ballads,accompaniedbymusicand

dance,andmyths,passedaroundbywordofmouth,werewidelypopular.Chineseliteraturefinds

itsoriginsinthesetraditions.However,balladswerewhatpeopleimprovisedoutofdailylife,and

duetolackofmeanstorecordandpreservetheminancienttimes,theyquicklydisappeared

withoutleavingmuchofatrace.Today,wecanonlydeducetheirexistencefromancientbooks,

whichrecordedsometime-honoredballads,thoughmostofthesearebelivedtobederivativesof

latergenerations.BalladsintheBookofSongsaretheearliestwritingsthatcanbedated.From

thispointofview,ancientmythologyobviouslyhashadagreatinfluenceonChineseliterature.

11.婚姻使人肥？

我和丈夫结婚已经五年了，从我们的腰围就能看出来。虽然我们俩都还算天生苗条，也

尽量定期健身，但自打结婚生子以来我们还是无可避免地长胖了•点。(事实上，我那个还

在学步的孩子这段时间最喜欢的活动就是揪着我的肚皮狂笑。真是多谢了。)

刊登在《肥胖》(Obesity)杂志和《商业周刊》网站(BusinessW)的新研究发现，

已婚夫妇变得肥胖的机率是正在恋爱但尚未结婚或同居的人的两倍。结婚时间越长，体重增

加、变得肥胖的风险就越大。

北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校(UniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill)的研究人员说，

两个人生活在一起就会一同行动，比如说一块儿吃饭看电视。科学家们还强调，婚姻会带来

许多健康方面的好处，比如说少抽烟，死亡率也会降低。

DoesMarriageMakeYouFat?

MyhusbandandIhavebeenmarriedforfiveyearsandyoucantellbyourwaistlines.While

we'rebothnaturallyprettyslimandtrytoexercisesomewhatregularly,we'vedefinitelyputona

fewpoundssinceweexchangedvows(that'susinthepicture)andsincewehadourson.(Infact,

mytoddler'sfavoriteactivitythesedaysissqueezingmybellyandgigglinghysterically.Thanks.)

Newresearch,publishedinthejournalObesityandwrittenaboutatBusinessW,

foundthatmarriedcouplesaretwiceaslikelytobecomeobeseaspeopleinromanticrelationships

whoweren'tmarriedorlivingtogether.Thelongercouplesaremarried,thegreatertheriskof

gainingweightandbecomingobese.

Theresearchers,fromtheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,saywhenpeopleare

livingtogethertheysharebehaviors,suchaseatingmealstogetherandwatchingTV.The

scientistsalsonotethatmairiageprovidesanumberofhealthbenefits,includingdecreased

cigarettesmokingandlowermortality.

12.止谤莫如自修

张恨水先生曾写过一篇《为人应当接受批评》，他说：“生平很少和人打笔墨官司，就

是人家指出我的名姓来教训一顿，我也不曾回复一个字。这样做，我并非怯懦，也并非过分

的容忍。我有个感想，我错了，止谤莫如自修。我不错，最好借事实来答复。这是一个办法,

也许不适合他人，但至少我自己，在做人上纠正了不少错误。而三十年来的写作生涯，略有

寸进，一大半也就是根据别人的批评而得的。“恨水先生对待批评的态度，很值得当今文化

人学习。

Mr.ZhangHenshuioncewroteupAManShouldAcceptCriticisms.Inthisarticle,hesaid,*'I

seldomdeliverpaperargumentswithpeopleandevenwriteasinglewordinretortwhensomeone

launchesacriticismbymentioningmyname.NeitherdoesthismeanthatIamweak,norover

tolerant.IthinkifIdidsomethingwrong,thebetterwaytoagainstdefamingistodo

self-examination;ifit'snotmyfault,I'dratherairmyopinionsbasedonthefact.Thismaybenot

practicalforotherpeople,butatleastithelpsmealotonbehavingmyself.Duringthelifeofmy

overthirtyyearswritting,someprogressIhavemademostlybenefitsfromothers'criticisms."

Mr.Zhang'sattitudetocriticismiswellworthyofintellectuals*following.

2004年英语专业八级考试历年全真试卷

试卷一(95min)

PartIListeningComprehension(40min)

InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyand

thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestion

onyourcolouredanswersheet.

SECTIONATALK

Questions1to5refertothetalkinthissection.Attheendofthetalkyou

willbegiven75secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentothetalk.

1.Theparallelbetweenwaltzingandlanguageuseliesin__.

A.thecoordinationbasedonindividualactions

B.thenumberofindividualparticipants

C.thenecessityofindividualactions

D.therequirementsforparticipants

2.Inthetalkthespeakerthinksthatlanguageuseisa(n)__process.

A.individual

B.combined

C.distinct

D.social

3.Themaindifferencebetweenpersonalandnonpersonalsettingsisin

A.themanneroflanguageuse

B.thetopicandcontentofspeech

C.theinteractionsbetweenspeakerandaudience

D.therelationshipbetweenspeakerandaudience

4.Infictionalsettings,speakers

A.hidetheirrealintentions

B.voiceothers'intentions

C.playdoublerolesonandoffstage

D.onlyimitateotherpeopleinlife

5.Comparedwithothertypesofsettings,themainfeatureofprivatesettingis

A.theabsenceofspontaneity

B.thepresenceofindividualactions

C.thelackofrealintentions

D.theabsenceofaudience

SECTIONBINTERVIEW

Questions6to10arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwi

11begiven75secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentotheinterview.

6.WhatwaseducationlikeinProfessorWang'sdays?

A.Studentsworkedveryhard.

B.Studentsfelttheyneededaseconddegree.

C.Educationwasnotcareeroriented.

D.Thereweremanyspecializedsubjects.

7.AccordingtoProfessorWang,whatisthepurposeofthepresentdayeducati

on?

A.Toturnoutanadequatenumberofeliteforthesociety.

B.Topreparestudentsfortheirfuturecareer.

C.Toofferpracticalandutilitariancoursesineachprogramme.

D.Tosetupasmanytechnicalinstitutionsaspossible.

8.InProfessorWang'sopinion,technicalskills__.

A.requiregoodeducation

B.aresecondarytoeducation

C.don'tcallforgoodeducation

D.don'tconflictwitheducation

9.WhatdoesProfessorWangsuggesttocopewiththesituationcausedbyincreas

ingnumbersoffeepayingstudents?

A.Shiftingfromoneprogrammetoanother.

B.Workingoutwaystoreducestudentnumber.

C.Emphasizingbetterqualityofeducation.

D.Settingupstricterexaminationstandards.

10.Futureeducationneedstoproducegraduatesofallthefollowingcategories

EXCEPT___.

A.thosewhocanadapttodifferentprofessions

B.thosewhohaveahighflexibilityofmind

C.thosewhoarethinkers,historiansandphilosophers

D.thosewhopossessonlyhighlyspecializedskills

SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST

Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsite

m,

youwillbegiven45secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentothenews.

11.Whichofthefollowingregionsintheworldwi11witnessthesharpest

dropinlifeexpectancy?

A.LatinAmerica.

B.SubSaharanAfrica.

C.Asia.

D.TheCaribbean.

12.Accordingtothenews,whichcountrywillexperiencesmalllifeexpectancyd

rop?

A.Burma.

B.Botswana.

C.Cambodia.

D.Thailand.

13.Thecountriesthatarepredictedtoexperiencenegativepopulationgrowthar

emainlyin____

A.Asia.

B.Africa.

C.LatinAmerica.D.TheCaribbean.

Questions14and15arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsite

m,youwillbegiven30secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentothenews.

14.ThetradedisputebetweentheEuropeanUnionandtheUSwascausedby__.

A.USrefusaltoacceptarbitrationbyWTO

B.USimposingtariffsonEuropeansteel

C.USrefusaltopaycompensationtoEU

D.USrefusaltolowerimportdutiesonEUproducts

15.WhowillbeconsultedfirstbeforetheEUlistissubmittedtoWTO?

A.EUmemberstates.

B.TheUnitedStates.

C.WTO.

D.Thesteelcorporations.

SECTIONDNOTE-TAKINGANDGAP-FILLING

Inthissectionyouwillhearaminilecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCE

ONLY.Whilelisteningtothelecture,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Your

noteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompletea15minutegap

fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONEaftertheminilecture.Usetheblankshee

tfornotetaking.

ConversationSkills

Peoplewhousuallymakeusfeelcomfortableinconversationsaregoodtalkers.

Andtheyhavesomethingincommon,i.e.skillstoputpeopleatease.

1.Ski11toaskquestion

1)beawareofthehumannature:readinesstoanswerother*squestionsrega

rdlessof(1)____(1)__

2)startaconversationwithsomepersonalbutunharmfull

questionsaboutone's(2)____job(2)____

questionsaboutone'sactivitiesinthe(3)____(3)____

3)beabletospotsignalsforfurthertalk

2.Skillto(4)___foranswers(4)____

1)don'tshiftfromsubjecttosubject

—stickingtothesamesubject:signsof(5)____in(5)____

conversation

2)listento(6)ofvoice(6)

一Ifpeoplesoundunenthusiastic,thenchangesubject.

3)useeyesandears

—steadyyourgazewhilelistening

3.Ski11tolaugh

Effectsoflaughter:

—easepeople*s(7)____(7)

一helpstart(8)(8)

4.Skilltopart

1)importance:openuppossibilitiesforfuturefriendshipor

contact

2)ways:

men:asmile,a(9)(9)

women:sameas(10)____now(10)

——howtoexpresspleasureinmeetingsomeone.

PartIIProofreadingandErrorCorrection(15min)

ThepassagecontainsTENerrors.EachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofONE

error.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassag

eandcorrectitinthefollowingway:

Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneinthebla

nkprovidedattheendofthe1ine.

Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwithasignan

dwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendof

theline.

Foranunnecessaryword,crosstheunnecessarywordwithaslashandputt

hewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.

Example

WhenAartmuseumwantsanewexhibit,(1)an

itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangs(2)never

themonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseum

wantsan[ZZ(Z]exhibition[ZZ)],itmustoftenbuildit.(3)exhibit

ProofreadthegivenpassageonANSWERSHEETTWOasinstructed.

Oneofthemostimportantnon-legislativefunctionsoftheU.SCongress

isthe