Unit1 Welcome to the unit and Reading 课时作业（解析版）

2/2Unit1WelcometotheunitandReading课时作业第一部分：紧扣教材抓基础词汇拓展1.harmn.伤害，损害vt.伤害，损害，危害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的→doharmto对……有害→beharmfulto对……有害2lengthn.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→longadj.→lengthenvi&vt.→atlength=indetail最终；详细地→inlength长度→atarm'slength疏远；在手臂伸得到的地方3.variousa.各种各样的→varietyn.种种，种类→varyvi.变化；改变→varyfrom...to...从...到...变化→avarietyof=differentkinds/sortsof多种的→varietyshow综艺节目4.survive/səˈvaɪv/vi.生存，存活vt.幸存，幸免于难→survivaln.幸存；残存；→surviviorn.生还者,残存物→survivalofthefittest适者生存5.disappearvi.不复存在,灭绝,消亡;消失;失踪→disappearancen.消失→appearv.出现→appearancen.外貌；出现6.global/ˈɡləʊbl/adj.全球的；全面的→globen.地球；地球仪；球体;vt.使…成球形;vi.成球状→globalizevt.使全球化→globalizationn.全球化→globalwarming全球变暖7.application/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/n.应用，运用；申请→applyv.→applicantn.申请人→applyto适用于...(to为介词)→applytodosth申请做某事→apply(tosb)forsth(向某人)申请某物8.organization/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/n.组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→organizevt.组织；使有系统化；给予生机vi.组织起来；成立组织→organizern.组织者；承办单位；[生物]组织导体9.absolutely/ˈæbsəluːtli/adv.绝对地，完全地；极其→absoluteadj.绝对的；完全的；专制的;n.绝对；绝对事物→absolutistn.绝对论者；专制主义者Ⅱ完成句子1.（2020浙江卷）Thechemicalwashesoffroadsandgoesintotheground.Thereitcanpollutedrinkingwater,harmplants,andeatawaysoil.化学物质冲洗道路并渗入地下。它会污染饮用水，危害植物，并侵蚀土壤。2.（2020浙江卷）Manypeoplesuspectthatalltherocksaltusedeverywinterisharmingtheenvironment.许多人怀疑，每年冬天使用的岩盐正在破坏环境。3.（2020天津卷）Transporthasalottoanswerforwhenitcomestoharmingtheplanet.谈及危害地球，交通负有极大的责任。4.（2021新高考I卷）Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.尽管关于情商的流行观点远远超出了研究能够合理支持的范围，但总体而言，公众的影响是利大于弊的。5.（2020浙江卷）ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon'tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.华盛顿贝尔维尤的工坊大道上的交通信号灯通常不会连续两次发出相同长度的绿灯，尤其是在交通高峰期。6.（2012全国卷II）Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningtrials(尝试)increasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.一种解释是过度学习定律，它可以表述如下：一旦我们学习了一些东西，额外的学习尝试会增加我们记忆它的时间长度。7.（2021新高考I卷）WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上生活着种类繁多的野生动物。8.（2020浙江卷）However,avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludecomedy,satire,poignantdrama,historicalandregionaldrama.但是，这里展示了各种类型。其中包括喜剧、讽刺剧、辛酸剧、历史剧和地方剧。9.（2016全国卷III）Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.参加苹果活动是一个很好的机会，可以看到和品尝各种各样的苹果。10.（2021全国甲卷）TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.西安城墙是中国历史上保存下来的最完整的城墙。11.（2019天津卷）Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies，itcansurvivetheextinction（灭绝）ofoneofthem.如果一个掠食者能吃掉几个物种，那么即使其中一个物种灭绝，它也能存活下来。12.（2021新高考卷I）Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.就像歌里唱的那样，这条漫长而蜿蜒的路“永远不会消失”，它将永远存在在来访者的记忆里。13.（2021全国乙卷）Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.一旦饮料喝完，吸管需要几个世纪才能消失。14.（2021全国乙卷）Duetothegrowingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。15.（2021全国甲卷）AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.根据世界野生动物基金会(WorldWildlifeFund)的数据，全球黑犀牛数量已降至5500头，使犀牛处于“极度濒危”状态。16.（2021全国乙卷）Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.全球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。17.（2019北京卷）Whentheseorganismsdie，theyburycarboninthedeepocean，animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.当这些生物死亡时，它们将碳埋在深海中，这是一个有助于调节全球气候的重要过程。18.（2019天津卷）However,technologyisalsotheapplicationofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessways.然而，技术也是应用科学知识来解决问题，以无数的方式影响着人们的生活。19.（2018北京卷）Theycometocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithreal-worldapplicationsforwhatthey’restudyingintheclassroom.他们来到夏令营，想要知道宇航员或飞行员是什么样子的，他们离开时带着现实的应用程序并应用在课堂上。20.Asuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunishad.成功的交换取决于衣服的选择，活动的组织，显然，还有有多少乐趣。21.（2021浙江卷）Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganizationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthistrend.在过去的几年里，越来越多的人和组织开始制定计划来对抗这种趋势。22.（2021浙江卷）TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWorldNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.结果就是《狂野计划》，这部电影记录了世界网络的诞生，这是一群组织，他们的共同目标是让孩子们走进大自然。23.（2021全国甲卷）PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:“Obviouslywe‘reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.”林姆尼港犀牛部负责人保罗·比尔说：“显然，我们非常高兴又有一头小犀牛加入我们的黑犀牛大家庭。”24.（2021全国甲卷）Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn’ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.我们的星球能承受得起任何伟大的思想家变得气馁和放弃吗?不是天才的人也知道答案：绝对不行。III.课文语法填空U1-1

TheAmazonrainforest:anaturaltreasureCoveringmorethanhalfthesizeofChina,theAmazonrainforest,1.______nameisgotfromtheAmazonRiver,playsasignificantrolein2._______(maintain)thebalanceoftheEarth'secosystem.3._____

the

richest

biodiversityontheEarth,theAmazonrainforest'sdifferentlevelsarehometovariouslivingthings,4._______(provide)foodandshelterforanunbelievablevarietyofwildlife.Amongallthecreatures5._______

(hide)intherainforest,thejaguar,6._____isclosetoextinction,stillliveson.Asoneelementofthefoodchain,jaguarsfeedon87speciesandinturnwill7.______

(break)downafterdeath,thusprovidingnutritionfortheEarth.Though8.______

(know)asthe“lungsoftheplanet”，muchoftheAmazonrainforest9._______

(disappear)andmorespeciesareindangerofextinction.Wecannotafford10._______

(damage)the“lungsoftheplanet”．参考答案whose

2.maintaining

3.With

4.providing

5.hiding

6.which

7.bebroken

8.known

9.hasdisappeared

10.todamage

第二部分：聚焦高考好提升高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法1.Theirmoneywouldbewastedifthemessagedidn’treachitstargetaudience,inotherwordsthepeopletheadvertisementintendstopersuade.【句式翻译】如果信息不能传达给它的目标群体，也就是广告意图说服的人群的话，那么他们的钱就白花了。【句式分析】本句是复合句,if引导条件从句，条件从句运用了虚拟语气，theadvertisementintends…是定语从句，修饰先行词thepeople。【词语点拨】1）inotherwords换句话说Tomdoesn’tlikework--inotherwords,he’slazy!汤姆不爱劳动―换句话说，他懒惰!2)persuadevt.说服；劝说；固定短语：persuadesbtodosth＝persuadesbintodoingsth说服某人做某事。persuade意为“说服”，指劝说成功；advise意为“劝说”，不一定成功。Marypersuadedherhusbandtogotoseethedoctor.玛丽太太说服丈夫去看病。Headvisedthevillagerstomoveimmediatelytoasafeplace，buttheywerenotpersuaded.他劝村民立即转移到安全的地方，但是没说服他们。3)intendvt.计划；打算①intendtodo/doingsth打算做某事……Nowadaysmoreandmoresyudentsintendtostudy/studyingabroad.现在越来越多的学生打算出国留学。②intendsbtodosth打算让某人做某事Iintendmybrothertogotheconcertwithme.我打算让我的哥哥跟我一块去听音乐会。③intendsth或intend+从句“打算，想”Youmisunderstoodmylittlebrother.Heintendednoharm.你误会我弟弟了，他没有恶意。④beintendedfor……是用来，为……设计/准备Thisnewspaperisintendedforthemiddleschoolstudent.这份报纸是给中学生用的。⑤beintendedas/tobe打算作为……之用Thetoywasintendedasapleasantsurpriseforhersisterbutwaslostinthemail.这玩具原本是作为惊喜送给她妹妹的，但是邮寄丢了。2.HadYeatsstoppedwritingatage40,hewouldprobablynowbevaluedasaminorpoet,forthereisnootherexampleinliteraryhistoryofapoetwhoproduceshisgreatestworksbetweentheagesof50and75.【句式翻译】如果叶芝在40岁停止写作，现在他有可能是个名不见经传的诗人，因为在文学史上没有其他的诗人能在50岁和75岁之间写出他最伟大的作品。【句式分析】本句是复合句，HadYeatsstopped…是虚拟条件从句，省略了if，for引导并列句，who引导限制性定语从句。【词语点拨】valuev.重视，看重n.价值bevaluedas被认为是Nottoomuchcanbesaidaboutthevalueofearlyrising.早起的好处是说不尽的。Ⅲ、高考真题(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)话题:颜色在房间装饰中的重要作用词数:255W难度:★★★Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign—somethingyou'llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou'lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat'sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.

Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.

38.They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.

Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40.

A.WhileallofthemareusefulB.Whateveryou'relookingforC.Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE.It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF.Soitpays