阅读理解之说明文（学生版）-新高二英语暑假专项提升（人教版）

第18讲阅读理解之说明文

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学习目标

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i.了解说明文的解题方法与技巧。

2.进行说明文真题训练。

||豳基础知识'：

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阅读理解说明文，是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，它以说明为主要表达方式，通过解说事

物或阐明事例，达到教人以知识的目的。在结构上往往采用总分、递进等方式按一定的顺序（如时间、空

间、从现象到本质）进行说明。最近五年，说明文的出现变化不大，一直很稳定，选材通常是各学科的前

沿问题；高科技领域的科研成果；人们比较关心的社会问题；人文方面的经典。由于阅读理解题的设置采

用渐进式，即由简到难的方式，因此说明文是高考试卷中阅读理解题中相对比较难的，通常后置。说明文

是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，在新高考卷的阅读理解中每年都涉及到说明文的考查，是必考

问题之一。从命题形式上来看，说明文阅读常考主旨大意题和猜义题。说明文一般层次分明，结构清晰,

逻辑关系清晰。因此考生在备考时要多加关注，勤加练习。

说明文的选材都是各专业领域的前沿问题，尤以科技类说明文居多。说明文的词汇和句式的运用比其

他体裁文章而言，难度更大。词汇运用灵活，同一个词的不同词性用法交替出现。未列入考纲的生词较多，

专业术语也多，且对考生而言比较陌生。文章中的长难句比较多。这些都导致考生在阅读时难度很大。

解题技巧

高考阅读理解题的设问主要围绕以下四方面：细节事实题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、猜测词义题。

其中，说明文主要以细节事实、主旨大意和猜测词义三方面问题为主。

一、事实细节题

属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。

第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句

子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定

要符合原文，切不可望文生义。这类题型的主要提问方式常为：

①Whichofthefollowingistrue/NOTtrueinthepassage?

②WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTdiscussed/mentionedinthepassage?

③Whichistherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage?

④AllthefollowingstatementsareNOTtrueexcept.

细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进

行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了

做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要

特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because,since,as等；表转折关系的

but,however,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand等等。

二、词义猜测类题型

在高考阅读题中，考生遇到的最大障碍往往有两个：一是被已认识的单词的某一熟知含义所误导；二是被

完全不认识的单词的意思所阻碍，从而出现理解偏差或理解困难，影响阅读的速度。其实解决这两个困难

的一个重要法宝是考生在心目中树立起上下文观念，要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，

对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：

1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义

在be,becalled,call等判断词出现的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号，可以根据已知部分，猜测生词

的含义。例如：Theherdsman*wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.通过理解定语从句的意思，

能猜出herdsman是“牧人”。

2）根据对比关系猜测生词的词义

在but,however,yet,otherwise,though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显对比

关系，根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。例如：ThoughTom'sfacehasbeen

washedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby,和clean意思相对的便是“肮脏的”了，因此可猜出句中

grubby的意思是愉脏的,,。

3）通过因果关系猜测词义

because,since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词，so是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词，so...that与

such...that中的that是连接结果状语从句的。当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中，通过因果关系，依据已

知部分就能猜出生词的词义。例如：Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.根

据because从句所讲的意思，我们就可推测trim就是“修剪”之意。

4）根据生活常识猜测词义

运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识。再联系上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。例如：

Mostoftherosesarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecold,根据句子意思及生活经验，wither表示"枯萎”。

5）根据同等关系猜测词义

同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。明显的标

志是，这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或or来连接。例如：Atfortytwohewasinhisprimeand

alwaysfullofenergy.从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的fullofenergy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛

年时期”。

6）根据构词法知识猜测词义

根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。

三、主旨大意类题型

主旨大意类题型主要测试学生对文章全面理解和概括的能力，提问的内容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某

段的段落大意，一般不易在文中直接找到答案。怎样把握主旨大意题呢？通常有以下几种方法：

（一）阅读文章的标题或副标题

文章的标题是一篇文章的题眼，通过阅读标题或副标题可以迅速把握文章的主旨大意。

（二）寻找文章的主题句

分析篇章结构，找出文章主题。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以

通过仔细阅读短文的第一句或第二句，即文章的主题句来归纳出文章的主题.若短文由若干段组成，除仔细

阅读第一段的首句外，还须仔细阅读每一段的第一句，即段落中心.通常文章的中心思想包含在文章的首句，

有时也在文章的末句，其他句子都是用来说明和阐述主题句。因此，在确定文章的中心思想时，要求学生

重视阅读文章的首句和末句。但也有一些文章，中心思想常常贯穿在全文中，因此要求学生综观全文，对

段落的内容要融会贯通，对文章透彻理解后归纳总结。主题句的特点是：1.相对于其他句子，它表达的意

思比较概括；2.主题句一般结构简单；3.段落中其他句子必定是用来解释，支撑或发展主题句所表达的思想

的。

［域真题演练

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（2023春・湖北十堰•高二房县第一中学校联考阶段练习）Theideathatredmeansstopandgreenmeansgo

hasimpactedourlivesinmorewaysthanjusttrafficsignals.Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatthecolor

redmeansdangerandgreenmeansit'sokaytomoveforward.Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfor

trafficlightsinthefirstplace?Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn'ttheyhavebeenprettier

colorslikemagentaandpurple?

Well,ifsimportanttoknowthatbeforetrafficlightsforcarsevenbecameathing,thereweretrafficsignals

fortrains.Atfirst,railroadpaniesusedredtomeanstop,whitetomeango,andgreentomeancaution.Asyou

couldimagine,trainconductorsranintoafewproblemswithwhitemeaninggo.Forinstance,onetrainconductor

mistookabrightstarforawhitelightandthoughthewasallclear.Well,asyoucanimagine,anaccidentoccurred.

Becauseofmonincidentslikethat,railwaypanieseventuallyproposedgreenmeaninggo,andit'sbeenthatway

eversince.

Asfarasredgoes,thafsalwaysbeenacolorthatindicateddanger,longbeforecarswereevenaround.This

mostlikelystartedbecauseit'sthecolorwiththelongestwavelengthsoitcanbeseenfromagreaterdistancethan

othercolors.

Asfarasyellowgoes,itwasusedtocautiondriversbecauseithasaslightlyshorterwavelengththanred,but

notasshortasgreen.

But,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstoptheflowoftraffic,atleastasfarassignsgo.Backin

the1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.Eventually,

materialsweredevelopedthatwerehighlyreflectiveandredstopsignswereborn.Sinceyellowcanbeseenwell

atalltimesoftheday,schoolzones,sometrafficsigns,andschoolbusescontinuetobepaintedyellow.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clear“meaninthesecondParagraph?

A.Withoutdoubt.B.Easytounderstand.C.Cloudlessinthesky.D.Freefromdangers.

2.Whichofthefollowingcolorshasthelongestwave?

A.Purple.B.Yellow.C.White.D.Red.

3.Whichofthefollowingeventscamelast?

A.Trafficsignalsfortrainscameintobeing.

B.Railwayincidentshappenedfrequently.

C.Yellowiswidelyusedforitsspecialcharacter.

D.Railwaypanieschosegreenmeaninggo.

4.Whafsthepurposeoftheauthor'swritingthispassage?

A.Toentertain.B.Toinform.C.Topersuade.D.Toadvertise.

（2023春・贵州遵义•高二遵义市南白中学校联考阶段练习）Thepopulationofaseacreatureknownasthe

sunflowerseastar,whichwasonceplentifulalongthePacificcoastlinefromMexico?sBajaCaliforniapeninsula

toAlaska,hasbeenreducedsharplytheseyears.Approximately90%ofthemhavedisappearedsince2013dueto

amysteriousseastarwastingsyndrome（海星消瘦综合症）.

Oneofthefactorslikelytohaveledtothedeathofseastarsisrisingoceantemperaturescausedbyclimate

change,accordingtosomescientists.Theoceanabsorbsmostoftheexcessatmosphericheatcausedby

greenhousegasemissions,whichhastheeffectofincreasingthetemperatureofthewater.Manyseacreaturescan

onlytolerateverysmallchangestotheirenvironment.

Sunflowerseastarsfeedonseaurchins.Seaurchinsfeedonseagrass.Withoutthepresenceofsunflowersea

stars,theirkeypredatorinthefoodchain,seaurchinpopulationshaveboomed.Thathasledtothedeathofmany

seagrasses-whichinturncontributestotheclimatecrisis,asseagrassisavaluabletooltostorecarbondioxide.

ScientistsattheUniversityofWashingtonhavebeenworkingonthat.Theyhavebeenraisinganew

generationofsunflowerseastarsthatcanbeusedtorepopulatecoastalwaters.JasonHodin,aresearchscientistat

theUniversityofWashington'sFridayHarborLabs,saidthatthey'rehopingtheprogramcanhelprecoverthe

sunflowerseastarand,ultimately,recoverthehealthofecosystemslikeseagrassthatisunderthreatrightnow.

Totesttheseastars'abilitytotoleratewarmingseas,scientistshavethesetinycreaturessubjectedto

fluctuations（波动）inwatertemperaturesinthelab.Someoftheyoungadultseastarsarebeingraisedinwater

thatisslightlywarmerthannormal,andareshowingsignsofbeingabletoadjusttotheaddedwarmth.t4Theseare

nottypicaloceantemperaturesaroundhere,butthesuccessindicatesthattheyatleasthavetheabilitytoendure

thewarmerwater,9,saidHodin.

5.Whichcouldbeapossiblereasonforthedeathofsunflowerseastars?

A.Habitatloss.B.Climatechange.

C.Foodshortage.D.Oceanpollution.

6.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Thelivinghabitsofsunflowerseastars.

B.Theimportanceofseagrasstotheenvironment.

C.Thekeyroleofsunflowerseastarsinthefoodchain.

D.Theconsequencesoftheincreasingseaurchinpopulations.

7.Howdoscientistshelpincreasethepopulationofsunflowerseastars?

A.Bydevelopingdevicestocoolseawater.

B.Byimprovingtheenvironmentofcoastalwaters.

C.Bygrowingplentifulseagrasstoabsorbcarbondioxide.

D.Byexperimentingonraisinganewgenerationofthecreature.

8.WhatdoesJasonHodinthinkoftheprogram?

A.Itismeaningful.B.Itisplicated.

C.Itisbizarre.D.Itisdisappointing

（2023春•湖北襄阳•高二宜城市第一中学校联考期中）Bydrawingpatternsonthesurfaceofacupoftea,

chabaixi（茶百戏），anancientChineseteatrickdisplayedinarecentTVdrama,hasgoneviralforitsapparent

similaritywithmoderncoffeeart.However,tenyearsago,thisdistinctivetechniquewasclosetodisappearing.

ZhangZhifeng,apracticianofchabaixi,foundscenesofchabaixiinthedramaarousedgreatinterestamong

ordinarypeople.

Chabaixicancreateendlesspatternssuchasbamboosandmountainsorevencalligraphy.Thereareovera

dozensteps,fromgrinding（碾碎）teaforfinepowder,topouringboiledwater,stirringthemixtureforthickfroth

（泡沫），andfinallydrawingthepatterns.Itisdifferentfrommakingcoffeebecausepeopleuseclearwaterasthe

objecttoputintothecupinsteadofmilk.Butwhenthewatertouchesthesurfaceofwhipped（搅打起泡的）tea,it

turnsintoawhitecoloranddisappearsin20minutes.Theprocessbeforethedrawingisknownasthe

tea-makingtechnique,diancha.Thequalityofdianchaiscrucialtowhetherpatternscanbesuccessfully

producedlater.

“ChabaixiisoneofthecountlessformsofteamakingtechniquesinChina.Theimportanceofchabaixiisnot

onlythatthistechniqueisuniqueintheworld,butalsoitgivesusawindowintopeople'slifestyleintheSong

Dynasty,aperiodoftimewhenleisureactivitiesinsomewaysaresimilartowhatwehavenow,^^Zhangsaid.

BeforechabaixiwasdiscoveredbyTVaudiences,thetechniquewaslistedaspartofChina?sIntangible

CulturalHeritagein2017,afteritwasrecoveredbyZhangZhifeng.Hestartedresearchingtheoriginsofchabaixi

inthe1980sandbroughtthetechniquebackin2009afterdecadesoftrialsandpractice.

“Toletthistechniquefadewouldbeashame.Itmustbepassedontothenextgenerationssotheycan

understanditshistory,9,Zhangsaid.

9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“goneviral”inparagraph1probablymean?

A.Maintainedhighlypetitive.B.Receivedgoodprotection.

C.Starteddeclininggradually.D.Becamepopularquickly.

10.Whatdoweknowaboutchabaixi?

A.Itdevelopsbasedoncoffeeart.B.Itinvolvesplicatedteamakingskills.

C.Itmainlydescribesbeautifulscenery.D.Itispaintedwithwhippedmilk.

11.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Theoriginofchabaixi.B.Theuniquenessofchabaixi.

C.Thesignificanceofchabaixi.D.Thedevelopmentofchabaixi.

12.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ZhangZhifeng-APracticianofChabaixi

B.AncientTeaTechniqueFindsNewPopularRecognition

C.AChina'sIntangibleCulturalHeritage

D.Chabaixi-AFamousTeamakingTechnique

（2023春・贵州遵义•高二遵义市南白中学校联考阶段练习）There飞anewAIbot:ChatGPT,andyou'd

betterpayattention,evenifyouaren'tintoartificialintelligence.ThetoolisanAIchatbotsystemthatOpenAI

releasedinNovember2022toshowoffandtestwhataverylarge,powerfulAIsystemcanachieve.

ChatGPTremembersthethreadofyourdialogue,usingpreviousquestionsandanswerstoinformitsnext

responses.ItderivesitsanswersfromhugevolumesofinformationontheInternet.ChatGPTisbuiltontopofthe

OpenAIGPT3familyoflargelanguagemodelsandisfinetuned（amethodoftransferlearning）usingboth

supervisedandreinforcementlearning（监督和强化学习）.

YoucanaskChatGPTanything,likeexplainingphysics,askingforbirthdaypartyideasandgetting

programming（编程）help.Perhapsifsnotsmartenoughtoreplaceallhumansyet,butitcanbecreative,andits

answerscansounddownrightauthoritative.Afewdaysafteritslaunch,morethan1millionpeopleweretrying

outChatGPT.UBSanalystLloydWalmsleyestimatedinFebruary2023thatChatGPTreached100million

monthlyusersinJanuary,acplishingin2monthswhattookTikTokabout9monthsandInstagramtwoandahalf

years.

ChatGPTisfreetouseatthemomentbecauseitisstillinitsresearchphase.Butwhentoomanypeoplehop

ontotheserver（服务器），itoverloadsandcan'tprocessyourrequest.Itjustmeansyoushouldtryvisitingthesite

atalatertimewhenfewerpeoplearetryingtoaccessit.Ifyouwanttoskipthewaitandhavereliableaccess,

thereisanoptionforyou.AsofFeb.l,2023,OpenAIhasaChatGPTproplan,ChatGPTPlus,whichallowsusers

tohavegeneralaccessevenduringpeaktimes.Thisservicedoeseatacostof$20/month?

However,ChatGPTcannotreplaceGoogle.ChatGPTisanartificialintelligencebotthatprovidessolutions

toyourquestions,butGoogleisasearchengineinwhichyoucansearchforasmuchinformationaspossible.

ChatGPThaslimitedknowledgeduetoitsprogrammingbutGooglehasunlimitedknowledgewhichisupdated

everyday.

13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutChatGPT?

A.Itslanguagemodel.B.Itsworkingtheory.

C.Itsdesigninspiration.D.Itsdevelopmentprocess.

14.Whydoestheauthorlistfiguresinparagraph3?

A.ToshowthepopularityofChatGPT.

B.TostressthehighcostofinventingChatGPT.

C.Topresentthecreativityofartificialintelligence.

D.Toprovethenecessityofdevelopingtoolsforchattingonline.

15.WhatisChatGPTPlusintendedfor?

A.Guidinguserstoexperiencefreeservices.

B.Allowingnetsurferstoskipadvertisements.

C.Helpingresearchersdetectthefailureofthesystem.

D.Offeringconsumerspriorityaccessduringpeakhours.

16.WhatisalimitationofChatGPTparedwithGoogle?

A.Itoperatesbasedonlimiteddata.

B.Ittakesmoretimetosearchforsolutions.

C.Itcanonlyupdateinformationatafixedtime.

D.Itmayproviderepliesunrelatedtothequestions.

（2023春・山东烟台•高二统考期中）Scientistshaveusedlasers（激光）togenerateelectricityinthelab

before.RecentlySwissresearchershavefoundinamountaintopexperimentthatapowerfullasercangrabholdof

alightningflashandrerouteitspaththroughthesky,whichisthefirstdemonstrationthatthetechniqueworksin

realworldstormsandcouldsomedayleadtobetterprotection,againstlightning.

Today'smostmonantilightningtechistheclassiclightningrod,ameterslongmetalpolerootedtotheground.

Itattractslightningandsafelyguidestheelectricityintotheground.Buttheareaprotectedbyalightningrodis

limitedbytherod'sheight.ctIfyouwanttoprotectlargebuildingslikeairports,youwouldneedalightningrodof

kilometersize,“saysAurelienHouard,aFrenchphysicist.SuchatallmetalpolewouldbeimpracticalButalaser

couldreachthatfar,stoppingdistantlightningflashesandtakingthemdowntogroundbasedmetalrods.

HouardandhiscolleaguestestedthisideaatopSantismountaininSwitzerland.Theysetupahighpower

lasernearatelemunicationtowertippedwithalightningrodthatisstruckbylightningaround100timesevery

year.Thetowerwashitbylightningfourtimeswhilethelaserwason.Oneofthosestrikeshappenedinafairly

clearsky,allowingtwohighspeedcamerastoshootthemoment.Thoseimagesshowedlightningrushingdown

fromthecloudsandfollowingthelaserlightforsome50meterstowardthetower9slightningrod.

Tofollowthepathsofthethreeflashestheycouldn'tsee,theresearcherslookedatradiowavesgivenoffby

thelightning.Thoseradiowavesshowedthethreestrikesfollowedthepathofthelasermuchmorecloselythan

otherstrikesthathappenedwhenthelaserwasoff.Thissuggestedthatthelaserguidedthesethreestrikestothe

lightningrodaswell.

Ifsarealachievementbutthelaseristooexpensive.If11probablytakeadecadeormorebeforeifstruly

abletoprotectlargebuildings.

17.Whatnewfunctionoflaserswasdiscoveredintheoutdoorexperiment?

A.Topreventstorms.B.Toproduceelectricity.

C.Tosetofflightningflashes.D.Toredirectlightningstrikes.

18.Whataspectofalightningroddoesparagraph2focuson?

A.Itscategory.B.Itsstructure.C.Itsweakness.D.Itsinventor.

19.Howdidtheresearcherstracktheinvisiblelightningflash?

A.Throughcameras.B.Throughitsradiowaves.

C.Throughatower.D.Throughalightningrod.

20.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?

A.Inapersonaldiary.B.Inapopularmagazine.

C.Inaphysicstextbook.D.Inaclasspresentation.

（2023春•宁夏吴忠•高二吴忠中学校考期中）Twelveyearsago,ayoungtravelernamedRhettButlerfrom

SanFrancisco,California,visitedtheSabahrainforestonMalaysianBorneo.Inoneareaoftherainforest,he

watchedabirdflyingthroughthetrees.Thebeautifulsightleftquiteanimpressiononhim.Butweekslater,back

home,RhettButlergotthenewsthattreeshadbeencutdownfortheirwoodintheareahevisited.

enceledRhettButlertobeginwritingabookaboutrainforestsandthreats（威月办）totheirexistence.Buthe

didnotpublishthebook.Instead,in1999,heusedhisresearchforthebooktocreateawebsite.Thesiteis

Mongabay.Hispurposewastoinformthepublicabouttropicalrainforests.Butthesubjectquicklydeveloped.As

aformerbusinessman,hebecamearespectedwriterofscienceandenvironmentalstories.

ongabayattractedadvertisers.Smalladsonthesitepayforitsoperations.Mongabayhasgrownandledto

othersites.Forexample,thereisasiteforchildrenwhichiscalledkidsmongabay.Anotherone,

WildM,isallabouttheislandnationthatRhettButlercallshisfavoriteplace.

Tokeephiswebsitegoing,hetravelsaroundtheworldonseveralmajortripseachyear.Hisworkingtools

arealaptopputer,camerasandsometimesdivingequipment.Heoftencallsonexpertsforinformation.For

example,heinterviewedAlisonJolly,atopexpertonlemurs（狐猴）.HeinterviewedRodneyJackson,abiologist

whoestablishedtheSnowLeopardConservancy.

StorieslikethesehavemadeMongabayafavoriteplaceontheInternetforresearchers,studentsandteachers.

InApril,Time..nameditoneofthefifteentopclimateandenvironmentwebsitesintheworld.

21.Whafsthemainideaofthepassage?

A.RhettButlerandHisWebsite

B.RainforestonMalaysianBorneo

C.HowRhettButlerProtectedRareAnimals

D.HowRhettButlerMadeHisWebsitePopular

22.RhettButlerdidn'tpublishhisbookaboutrainforestsbecause.

A.makingwebsitesearnsmoremoneythanwritingbooks

B.hewasnotpreparedtopublishhisbook

C.thebookwasnotaboutrainforestprotection

D.hewantedtousetheinformationtocreateawebsite

23.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheMongabay?

A.Itwassetupin1999.B.Itattractedmanyadvertisers.

C.Tworelatedwebsitesgrewfromit.D.RhettButlermadealotofmoneyfromit.

24.Tokeephiswebsitegoing,RhettButler.

A.keptvisitingtherainforestB.traveledaroundandinterviewedexperts

C.raisedraresnowleopardsD.madeagreatnumberofadvertisements

（2023春•宁夏吴忠•高二吴忠中学校考期中）Nowadays,childrenspendlesstimeinthefreshair.Manyof

themareaddictedtoascreeneitheronaputeroraTV-theyseemtobelivinginavirtualworld.Theyhavelost

touchwithnature.

Butnow400organizationsintheUK,fromplaygroupstotheNationalHealthService,areencouraging

childrentohavesome"wildtime”.Theywantkidstoswapatleast30minutesofwatchingTVorplayingputer

gamesfortimeplayingoutside.Activitiessuchasbuildingdens,climbingtrees,rummagingforconkersand

playinghideandseekarejustsomeofthethingskidcando.Eveniftheyliveinacity,theycangoonadventures

inthegardenorthepark.

Childrenoftenneedahelpinghandfrommumanddad.Theyneedtobeshownwhattodoandwheretogo.

AndySimpsonfromNationalHealthServicesays,“Wewantparentstoseewhatthismagicalwonderproduct

doesfortheirkids'development,independenceandcreativity,bygivingwildtimeago.^^

Sodespitetheplicatedworldthatyoungpeoplegrowupinnow,itseemsthatgoingbacktobasicsand

experiencing“nature'splayground^^iswhatmodemchildrenneed.DavidBondfromProjectWildThingsays,

“Weneedtomakemorespaceforwildtimeinchildren'sdailyroutine,freeingthisgenerationofkidstohavethe

sortofexperiencesthatmanyofustookforgranted.5,

Thismightsoundabitoldfashionedtoyouormaybe,likeme,ifsmadeyouthinkaboutstickingonyour

boots,gettingoutdoorsandrelivingyourchildhood.There?snoagelimitonenjoyingyourself!

25.Childrenareencouragedtodothefollowingactivitiesexcept.

A.buildingdensB.climbingtrees

C.playinghideandseekD.watchingTV

26.WhafsthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.Adultsvalueoutdooractivities.B.Modemchildrenneedwildtime.

C.Thepresentworldisplicated.D.Thisgenerationofkidshasnofreedom

27.Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat

A.Peopleatanyagecanenjoywildtime

B.Itisoutofdatetogooutdoors

C.Itistoolateforadultstoenjoynature

D.Peoplelikerecallingthepast

28.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.MorespaceforchildrenB.Benefitsofwildtime

C.WildtimeforchildrenD.Adventuresofchildren

（2023春・湖南郴州•高二嘉禾县第一中学校考阶段练习）There?salwaysbeendebateaboutthebesttime

ofdaytoworkout.ForthelongesttimeI'veheardthatexercisinginthemorningisideal,butotherssaya

nighttimeworkoutbenefitsthemmore.IwasoneofthoseeveningexerciserswhenIwasworkinginanoffice

regularlybuthavesinceshiftedtolatemorningworkouts.Isonetimereallybetterthananother,andwhy?

Regardlessofwhenyouworkout,therearemanyhealthbenefitsfrommovingregularly,likeimprovingyour

hearthealth,gettingstrongerorevenimprovingyourendurance.Mostpeopledecidetoexercisewhenitbestfits

theirschedule,sooftentimestheycan'thelpthetimeofthedaytheychoosetobeactive.

Researchhasshown,however,thatthetimeofdayyouchoosetoexercisecanaffectyourworkoutinvarious

ways.Thebesttimetoworkoutiswheneveryoucan.Wedon'tallhaveschedulesthatallowfora90minute

workout.Ifyouronlytimeofdaytoexerciseisbeforework,thenmorningisbest.Ifyoureservephysicalactivity

forpackedevenings,there?sagoodchanceyouwon'tevergettoit.Likewise,ifyoucanonlysquash20minutes

ofexerciseintoyourdayrightbeforeyougetreadyforbed,thafsthebesttimetoworkout.Iwanttoaddanote

onconsistency,though.Thebesttimetoexerciseiswheneveryoucan,butthebesttimeofdaytoexerciseisthe

timeyoucanstickwithfordays,weeksandmonths.

Thefactofthematteristhatpeoplewhoexerciseinvariablyseebetterweightlossandfitnessresultsinthe

longterm.Researchalsosuggeststhatyourbodycanadapttoregulartrainingschedules,soifyouworkoutevery

morning,youwillprobablygetalotbetteratworkingoutinthemorning,andthesameinregardtonight

workouts.Thatallsaid,morningworkoutsandnightworkoutsbothhavetheiradvantagesanddisadvantagesas

evidencedbydecadesofscientificresearch.

29.Whydoestheauthortalkaboutthedebate?

A.Togivebackgroundknowledge.B.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.

C.Toshowtheauthor'sattitude.D.Toshowpeople'spuzzlementwhenexercise.

30.Whenisthebesttimetotakeexerciseaccordingtothetext?

A.Inthemorning.B.Intheevening.C.Afterwork.D.Thetimeyoucanstickto.

31.Whatisthemostimportantastoexerciseaccordingtothetext?

A.Choosingtheproperplace.B.Choosingfavoritesport.

C.Workingoutregularly.D.Exercising20minutesaday.

32.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ThevariouswaystoexerciseB.Themonformsofexercising

C.ThebesttimeofadayforexercisingD.Thegoodreasonsforexercising

（2023春・湖北宜昌•高二葛洲坝中学校考阶段练习）Nowadayssomepaniesareattemptingtogrow

seafoodfromcellsinalaboratoryratherthanharvestingitfromtheoceans.

Withmassiveproblemswithoverfishingworldwideandgrowingdemandforshrinkingsuppliesofseafood,

thewayfishcurrentlymakesitswaytoourplatesisn'talongtermviableoption.Between1961and2016,the

averageannualincreaseinglobalfoodfishconsumptionoutpacedpopulationgrowth.Thosearefiguresnot

sustainableforus,thefishortheenvironmentasawhole.

Cellularseafoodcouldbetheanswer.Justdon'tmakethemistakeofcallingitlabgrownfish."Noneofusin

theindustrywouldcallitlabgrownseafood,saysMikeSelden,CEOofFinlessFoods."FinlessFoodsisn't

labgrown.Weexperimentandcreateourscienceinthelab,butdon'tproducethere.Ourproductsefroma

productionbasemuchlikeafarmasaproductionbaseforanimals.,9

FinlessFoodsisatechpanyinSanFrancisco.Beginningin2017,ifsbeenworkingtobringtomarketa

speciesofculturedbluefintuna（蓝鳍金枪鱼）createdusingcellulartechnology.Shortlyafterthat,thepany

produceditsfirstpoundofbluefintunameatforacostofabout$19,000.Sincethen,however,it'sbeenthefirst

batt