高一英语阅读理解(人生百味)技巧(很有用)及练习题

高一英语阅读理解(人生百味)技巧(很有用)及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类1．阅读理解

ArobotcreatedbyWashingtonStateUniversity(WSU)scientistscouldhelpelderlypeoplewithdementia(痴呆)andotherlimitationsliveindependentlyintheirownhomes.

TheRobotActivitySupportSystemorRAS,usessensorsinstalledinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities.Itnavigates(定位)throughroomsandaroundobstaclestofindpeopleonitsown,providesvideoinstructionsonhowtodosimpletasksandcanevenleaditsownertoobjectsliketheirmedicationorasnackinthekitchen."RAScombinestheconvenienceofamobilerobotwiththeactivitydetectiontechnologyofaWSUsmarthometoprovideassistanceinthemoment,astheneedforhelpisdetected,"saidBryanMinor,apostdoctoralresearcherintheWSUSchoolofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience.

Currently,anestimated50percentofadultsovertheageof85needassistancewitheverydayactivitiessuchaspreparingmealsandtakingmedicationandtheannualcostforthisassistanceintheUSisnearly$2trillion.Withthenumberofadultsover85expectedtotripleby2050,researchershopethattechnologieslikeRASandtheWSUsmarthomewillrelievesomeofthefinancialstrainonthehealthcaresystembymakingiteasierforolderadultstolivealone.

RASisthefirstrobotresearchershavetriedtoincorporateintotheirsmarthomeenvironment.TheyrecentlypublishedastudyinthejournalCognitiveSystemsResearchthatdemonstrateshowRAScouldmakelifeeasierforolderadultsstrugglingtoliveindependently.

"Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising,"Minorsaid."ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performancewithagroupofolderadultstogetabetterideaofwhatprompts,videoremindersandotherpreferencestheyhaveregardingtherobot."（1）HowdoesRASserveelderlypeople?A.

Throughsensors.

B.

Throughobjects.C.

Throughamobilerobot.

D.

Throughtheirdailyactivities.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutRAS?A.

Itisthefirstrobotusedindailylife.

B.

Itsfunctionremainstobetested.C.

Itcanlocatepeopleanddoanytask.

D.

Itcancookforownersonitsown.（3）What'sMinor'sattitudetowardthefutureofRAS?A.

Doubtful.

B.

Negative.

C.

Optimistic.

D.

Uncertain.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.

Elderlypeopleleavethenursinghome.

B.

SmartHomeTestsfirstelder-Carerobot.C.

RAS,thefirstrobottomakehomesmart.

D.

OlderadultshavebenefitedfromRAS.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。（1）考查细节理解。根据章第二段中的“TheRobotActivitySupportSystem,orRAS,usessensors（传感器）equippedinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities”可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performance…”可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising”可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观，故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。再根据最后一段中的“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performance”可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Failureisanunavoidablepartoflife.Thoughsciencehasnamedsomelifeskillsthatpromisesuccess,we'retoldoverandoveragainthatnogreatsuccesswaseverachievedwithoutfailure--ormanyfailedattempts.Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.Butwhatisthemessage?

Forstarters,ignoreadvicefromanyonethattellsyou,"Don'tbeatyourselfupaboutit,"nomatterhowwell-meaningtheyare.AccordingtothenewresearchfromtheUniversityofKansas,weabsolutelyshouldbebeatingourselvesupwhenwefail.MarketingprofessorNoelleNelsonandherteamfoundthatthemoreemotionalaperson'sresponseistofailure,themorelikelytheyaretoachievebetterresultsthenexttimetheydealwitharelatedtask.

Theresearcherscarriedouttwoexperimentsinwhichundergraduatestudentswererequiredtoperformspecifictasks.Inoneexperiment,theywereaskedtosearchonlineforasqueezerandreportthelowestpricetheycouldfindwiththepossibilityofwinninga$50cashprize.However,thetaskwascontrolled,andallparticipantsweretold(byacomputer)thatthelowestpricewas$3.27lessthantheirreportedprice.Consequently,noparticipantwonthecashprize.Whentheresultswereannounced,someparticipantswereaskedtofocusontheiremotionalresponse,andothersontheircognitive(认知的)response.Duringthenextsimilartask,participantswhofocusedontheiremotionalresponsetofailuremademoreeffortthanthosewhofocusedonacognitiveresponse.

Everybodyhastheirownuniquechallenges,responsibilities,duties,andprojects,butthesefindingsarerelatedtoallofus.Yourpersonalfailuremaybeacakethatfailstorise,apresentationthatgoeswrong,oradeadlinethatgetsmissed—itdoesn'tmatter.Whatmattersishowyoureacttoit.Insteadofthinkingaboutthefailure,letyourselffeelbadaboutit.Thenfollowthisadviceonhowtobouncebackafteryourfailure.（1）What'stherelationshipbetweenfailureandsuccess?A.Failurepromisessuccess.B.Failureisthekeytosuccess.C.Failuredoesdamagetosuccess.D.Well-handledfailureisgoodforsuccess.（2）Whydoesthewritersupportbeatingoneselfupwhenfailing?A.It'sawell-meaningsuggestionforfailure.B.It'sbeenprovedbythestudyofauniversity.C.Beingemotionalisgoodforhisfuturesuccess.D.Itcanmakepeoplelessemotionalaboutfailure.（3）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PersonalFailureIsaCakeThatFailstoAppearB.TheMostProductiveWaytoHandleAnyFailureC.DifferentMethodstoChangeFailureintoSuccessD.TheReasonWhyFailureIstheMotherofSuccess【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者传达了失败乃是人生不可避免的一部分，但是如何处理失败是很重要的。每次失败后，我们应该自责，自责能让我们下次做得更好。（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的we'retoldoverandoveragainthatnogreatsuccesswaseverachievedwithoutfailure以及“Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.（人生中很重要的一课是学会如何最好地处理失败）”可知，好好处理的失败对成功是好的。故选D。（2）细节理解题。由第二段中的“weabsolutelyshouldbebeatingourselvesupwhenwefail（当我们失败的时候我们应该自责）”与“themoreemotionalaperson'sresponseistofailure,themorelikelytheyaretoachievebetterresultsthenexttimetheydealwitharelatedtask（一个人对失败的情绪越大，下次他遇到相关的任务取得更好的结果的可能越大）”可知，对失败有情绪对将来的成功是很重要的。故选C。（3）主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，根据文章第一段中的最后一句“Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.（人生中很重要的一课是学会如何最好地处理失败）”可知，本文是教给大家如何有效地面对失败。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要注意根据题目和文章的关键词在文章中寻找答案。推理判断题要注意联系上下文，推断出所需信息，主旨大意题要注意找文章的主题句或主题段落，联系上下文，从而判断出文章的主题。3．阅读理解

"Oldwivestales"arebeliefspasseddownfromonegenerationtoanother.Forexample,mostofusrememberourparents'tellingustoeatmoreofcertainfoodsofnottodocertainthings.Isthereanytruthintheseteachings?Someofthemagreewithpresentmedicalthinking,butothershavenotpassedthetestoftime.

Didyourmotherevertellyoutoeatyourcarrotsbecausetheyaregoodforyoureyes?Scientistsnowreportthateatingcarrotscanhelppreventaseriouseyediseasecalledmaculardegeneration.Eatingjustonecarrotadaycanreducethepossibilityofgettingthisdiseaseby40%.Garlic(蒜）isgoodforyou,too.Itcankillthetypeofvirusthatcausescolds.

Unfortunately,notallofMom'sadvicepassedthetestofmedicalstudies.Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Dosweetscausetoothproblems?Well,yesandno.Stickysweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.

Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon'tholdwater,thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives'tales.Aftermuchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated(积累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.Weshouldrespectthisbodyofknowledgeevenaswesearchforclearscientificsupporttoproveittrueorfalse.（1）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.

Eatinggarlicisgoodforoureyes.

B.

Carrotspreventpeoplefromcatchingcolds.C.

Swimmingafteramealisdangerous.

D.

Stickysweetstendtodamageourteeth.（2）Accordingtothepassage,whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"holdwater"mean?A.

Tobebelievable.

B.

Tobevaluable.

C.

Tobeadmirable.

D.

Tobesuitable.（3）Whydoweneedtorespectthebodyofknowledgeintheoldwives'tales?A.

Becauseitistoldbyourancestors.B.

Becauseitisscientificallysupported.C.

Becauseitisbasedonmanyyears'experience.D.

Becauseitisrelatedtofamilyhealthcare.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoward"oldwives'tales"inthetext?A.

Subjective

B.

Objective

C.

Dissatisfied

D.

Curious【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】中国有句俗话：不听老人言，吃亏在眼前。本文客观评价了保持身体健康的"老人言"的正确性。（1）细节理解题。由第三自然段的最后一句"Stickysweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars."用谷物制成的粘性糖果比用单糖制成的糖果容易引起更多的问题。故选D。（2）词义猜测题。文章中本句意思是：即使科学能告诉我们那些"老人言"是（能容水的）值得相信的，但"老人言"中还有很多正确的东西，holdwater在此处意思是：能装水的；值得相信的，站得住脚的。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段"thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives'tales.Aftermuchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated（积累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.""老人言"仍然有许多真理，这些知识是从几千年的家庭保健经验中积累起来的。它是基于多年的经验。故选C。（4）推理判断题。根据文章第三、四自然段可知作者分析了他的可信性和不可信性，作者对于"老人言"持客观态度，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。通读全文，把握文意；熟读第一段，了解主题句；分清段落结构，把握各段段意；了解题干，在原文依次找依据。4．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

AfterIwasmarriedandhadlivedinJapanforwhile,myJapanesegraduallyimprovedtothepointwhereIcouldtakepartinsimpleconversationswithmyhusbandandhisfriendsandfamily.AndIbegantonoticethatoften,whenIjoinedin,theotherswouldlooksurprised,andtheconversationaltopicwouldcometoastop.Afterthishappenedseveraltimes,itbecamecleartomethatIwasdoingsomethingwrong.Butforalongtime,Ididn'tknowwhatitwas.

Finally,afterlisteningcarefullytomanyJapaneseconversations,Idiscoveredwhatmyproblemwas.EventhoughIwasspeakingJapanese,IwashandlingtheconversationinaWesternway.

AWestern-styleconversationbetweentwopeopleislikeagameoftennis.IfIintroduceatopic,aconversationalball,Iexpectyoutohititback.Ifyouagreewithme,Idon'texpectyousimplytoagreeanddonothingmore.Iexpectyoutoaddsomething-areasonforagreeing,anotherexample,oradetailedexplanationtocarrytheideafurther.ButIdon'texpectyoualwaystoagree.Iamjustashappyifyouquestionme,orchallengeme,orcompletelydisagreewithme.Whetheryouagreeordisagree,yourresponsewillreturntheballtome.

AJapanese-styleconversation,however,isnotatallliketennisorvolleyball.It'slikebowling.Youwaitforyourturn.Andyoualwaysknowyourplaceinline.Itdependsonsuchthingsaswhetheryouareolderoryounger,aclosefriendorarelativestrangertothepreviousspeaker,inaseniororjuniorposition,andsoon.

Whenyourturncomes,youstepuptothestartinglinewithyourbowlingballandcarefullybowlit.Everyoneelsestandsbackandwatchespolitely,murmuringencouragement.Everyonewaitsuntiltheballhasreachedtheendofthealley（球场）andwatchestoseeifitknocksdownallthepins,oronlysomeofthem,ornoneofthem.Thereisapause,whileeveryoneregistersyourscore.

Then,aftereveryoneissurethatyouhavecompletelyfinishedyourturn,thenextpersoninlinestepsuptothesamestartingline,withadifferentball.Hedoesn'treturnyourball,andhedoesnotbeginfromwhereyourballstopped.Andthereisalwaysasuitablepausebetweenturns.Thereisnorush,noscramblefortheball.

Ifyouhavebeentrainedallyourlifetoplayonegame,itisnosimplemattertoswitchtoanother,evenifyouknowtherules.Knowingtherulesisnotatallthesamethingasplayingthegame.（1）TheauthormakesallofthefollowingargumentsEXCEPTthat_____.A.

Japanese-styleconversationsarelikebowling.B.

western-styleconversationsareliketennisorvolleyballC.

inJapanese-styleconversations,youmustwaityourturntospeakD.

western-styleconversationsarelongerthanJapanese-styleconversations（2）Theauthor'spurposeinwrithingthisarticleisto_____.A.

instruct

B.

entertain

C.

joke

D.

criticize（3）Themainideaofthearticleis_______.A.

peopletalkdifferentlyinJapanthanintheWestB.

it'simportanttotakepartinconversationsC.

talkingwithsomeonefromanothercountryprovesdifficultD.

it'srudetointerruptsomeonewhoisspeaking【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自己的切身经历谈论了日式的谈话和西式的谈话的不同之处，由此告诉我们与来自另一个国家的人交谈是困难的。（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“AJapanese-styleconversation,however,isnotatallliketennisorvolleyball.It'slikebowling.Youwaitforyourturn.”可知，日式的谈话不像打网球或排球，而像打保龄球，你需要等着轮到你，由此可知，日式的谈话比西式的时间要长，故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据文章内容可知，作者结合自己的切身经历告诉我们日式的谈话和西式的谈话的不同之处，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的就是为了给大家一些指导，注意与来自另一个国家的人交谈时谈话方式的差异，故选A。（3）考查主旨大意。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段内容可知，作者结合自己的切身经历谈论了日式的谈话和西式的谈话的不同之处，由此告诉我们与来自另一个国家的人交谈是困难的，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Compassion（同情）isadesirewithinustohelpothers.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.Anexperiencelastweekendshowedmethisistrue.Iworkpart-timeinsupermarketacrossfromabuildingfortheelderly.Theseoldpeopleareourmaincustomers,andit'snothardtolosepatienceovertheirslowness.ButlastSunday,oneagedgentlemanappearedtoteachmeavaluablelesson.Thisuntidymanwalkeduptomyregister（收款机）withaboxofbiscuits.Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.

Icouldn'thelpstaringathim.Iwonderedwhatkindofpersonhehadbeentenortwentyyearsbefore,andwhathewouldbelikeiffortunehadgonehisway.Ihadahurtinmyheartforthiskindofhumansoul,allaloneintheworld.ItoldhimthatIwassorry,butstorerulesdidn'tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.

Justthen,anotherman,standingbehindthefirst,spokeup.Ifanything,helookedmorepitiable,“Chargeittome,”wasallhesaid.

WhatIhadbeenfeelingwaspity.Pityissoftandsafeandeasy.Compassion,ontheotherhand,iscaringinaction.Ithankedthesecondmanbuttoldhimthatwasnotallowedeither.ThenIreachedintomypocketandpaidforthebiscuitsmyself.Ireachedintomypocketbecausethesetwomenhadreachedintomyheartandtaughtmecompassion.（1）Theagedgentlemanwhowantedtobuythebiscuits______.A.

promisedtoobeythestorerules

B.

hopedtohavethefoodfirstandpaylaterC.

forgottotakehiscreditcardwithhim

D.

couldnotaffordanythingmoreexpensive（2）Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheoldgentleman?A.

Kindandlucky.

B.

Friendlyandhelpful.C.

Poorandlonely.

D.

Hurtanddisappointed.（3）Whydidtheauthorrefusetheoldgentleman'srequestfirst?A.

Heconsideredtheoldmandishonest.B.

Hefeltnopityfortheoldgentleman.C.

Hewantedtokeephispresentjob.D.

Heexpectedsomeoneelsetopayfortheoldman.（4）Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthisexperience?A.

Obeyingtherulesmeansmorethancompassion.B.

Wealthismostimportantinolderage.C.

Experienceisbettergainedthroughpractice.D.

Compassionmeanshelpinginsomeway.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过一位老人买饼干而没钱付账的经历告诉我们可以把同情的愿望转化为行动。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.”可知，结账时这个老人说自己没有钱了，问我他可不可以先把饼干拿走，第二天再把钱送来，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段老人身上连买饼干的钱都没有及第二段中的“allaloneintheworld.”可知，他又穷又孤独，故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“butstorerulesdidn'tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.”可知，商店的规定不允许先拿货后付钱，作者想保住这份工作所以不敢违反规定，故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Compassion（同情）isadesirewithinustohelpothers.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.”可知，同情是我们内心帮助别人的愿望，通过努力，我们可以把它转化为行动，也就是说作者从这个经历中学到了同情意味着以某种方式帮助别人，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Ihadanexperiencesomeyearsago,whichtaughtmesomethingaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplemakeabadsituationworsebyblamingthemselves.OneJanuary,Ihadtoholdtwofuneralsfortwoelderlywomeninmycommunity.Bothhaddied"fullofyears",astheBiblewouldsay.Theirhomeshappenedtobeneareachother,soIpaidcondolence(吊唁)callsonthetwofamiliesonthesameafternoon.

Atthefirsthome,thesonofthedeceased(过世的)womansaidtome,"IfonlyIhadsentmymothertoFloridaandgottenheroutofthiscoldandsnow,shewouldbealivetoday.It'smyfaultthatshedied."Atthesecondhome,thesonoftheotherdeceasedwomansaid,"IfonlyIhadn'tinsistedonmymother'sgoingtoFlorida,shewouldbealivetoday.Thatlongairplaneride,thesuddenchangeofclimate,wasmorethanshecouldtake.It'smyfaultthatshe'sdead."

Youseethatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbad,theybelievethattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,puttingofftheoperation—wouldhaveturnedoutbetter.Afterall,howcouldithaveturnedoutanyworse?

Thereseemtobetwoelementsinvolvedinourwillingnesstofeelguilty.Thefirstisourneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.Thatleadsustofindpatternsandconnectionsbothwheretheyreallyexistandwheretheyexistonlyinourminds.

Thesecondelementistheviewthatwearethecauseofwhathappens,especiallythebadthingsthathappen.Itseemstobeashortstepfrombelievingthateveryeventhasacausetobelievingthateverydisasterisourfault.Therootsofthisfeelingmaylieinourchildhood.

Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.Hewakesupinthemorningandsummonstherestoftheworldtohistasks.Hecries,andsomeonecomestoattendtohim.Whenheishungry,peoplefeedhim,andwhenheiswet,peoplechangehim.Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatchildishviewthatourwishescausethingstohappen.（1）Whatissaidaboutthetwodeceasedelderlywomen?A.Theylivedoutanaturallife.B.Theydiedofexhaustionafterthelongplaneride.C.Theyweren'tusedtothechangeinweather.D.Theydiedduetolackofcarebyfamilymembers.（2）Theauthorhadtoconductthetwowomen'sfuneralsprobablybecause

.A.hewantedtocomfortthetwofamiliesB.hewasanofficialfromthecommunityC.hehadgreatpityforthedeceasedD.hewasministerofthelocalchurch（3）Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathoftheirlovedonesbecause

.A.theyfoundthefuneralsunsatisfactoryB.theybelievedthattheywereresponsibleC.theyhadignoredthenaturalcourseofeventsD.theydidn'tknowthingsoftenturnintheoppositedirection（4）Peoplehavebeenmadetobelievesincebabyhoodthat

.A.everybodyshouldtrytomeetothers'needsB.lifeanddeathisanunsolvedmysteryC.everystoryshouldhaveahappyendingD.theirwishesarethecauseofeverythingthathappens【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过两个已故夫人的儿子自责的话语，引出并分析了人们产生负罪感的两个因素。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Bothhaddied‘fullofyears’,astheBiblewouldsay.”正如《圣经》所说，两人都已“老死”。可知，这两个老妇人是正常、自然死亡的。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“astheBiblewouldsay”正如《圣经》所说；以及“OneJanuary,Ihadtoholdtwofuneralsfortwoelderlywomeninmycommunity.”一月的一天，我要为我们社区的两位老妇人举行两场葬礼。可知，作者信仰《圣经》并主持葬礼，由此推出作者的身份应为牧师。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbad,theybelievethattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,puttingofftheoperation—wouldhaveturnedoutbetter.”因为他们采取的行动结果是糟糕的，他们认为相反的做法——让母亲呆在家里，推迟手术——结果会更好。可知，他们认为如果自己选择相反的做法，母亲就不回去世了，认为自己有责任。故选B。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.”一个婴儿开始认为世界的存在是为了满足他的需要，他让一切都发生在世界上。可知，人们从婴儿时期就意识到是他们的愿望是世界上一切发生的原因。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

TheassociatesIhiredinmybicycleandlawnmowershoplikemyselfwereneverperfect;however,theywereexcellent.Workingwiththemastheyimprovedtaughtmenewwaystoshowforgiveness,understanding,andpatience.

Onedaytheplacementofficeraskedmetointerviewayoungmanwhowashavingtroublefindingajob.HetoldmethatDavidwasalittleshy,didnottalkmuchandwasafraidtogoonwithinterviews.HerequestedthatIgiveDavidaninterviewjustforpractice.HeplainlytoldDavidthatIhadnopositionsopenatthetimeandtheinterviewwasjustforpractice.

WhenDavidcameinfortheinterview,hehardlysaidaword.Itoldhimwhatwedidatthebicycleshopandshowedhimaround.ItoldDavidtokeepshowingupbecausethenumberonethinganemployerwantedinanassociatewasdependability.Davidwasveryquiet(hewasevaluatedasaslowlearnerinschool).Everytendaysorso,forweeksaftertheinterview,Davidwalkedintothebicycleshopandstoodbythefrontdoor.Heneversaidaword,juststoodbythedoor.

Oneday,shortlybeforeChristmas,alargetruckcametotheshop,packedwith250newbicycles.Ithadtobeunloadedrightawayorthedriverwouldleave.Itwasraining.Someofmyworkers(withoutphysicallimitations)chosenottobravetheweathertogetintowork,soIwasshort-handed.Itseemedeverythingwasgoingwrongandontopofit,Davidcameinthefrontdoorandjuststoodthere.Ilookedathimandshouted,“Well,allright!Filloutatimecardandhelpmeunloadthistruck!”

Davidworkedformybicycleshopforeighteenyears.Hecametoworkeverydaythirtyminutesearly.Hecouldtalk;however,herarelychoseto.Hedrovemytruckandmadedeliveries.ThecustomerswouldpraiseDavid,saying,“Hedoesn'ttalk,buthereallyshowsyouhowtooperatealawnmower!”（1）TheauthorgaveDavidaninterviewto

.A.

findapersonwhoisreliable

B.

givehimsomepracticeC.

findapart-timeworkerinneed

D.

showsympathyforhim（2）TheauthorfinallyhiredDavidbecause

.A.

heneededsomeonewhowaswillingtoworkthenB.

therewerenootherworkersintheshopthenC.

DavidkeptshowingupD.

herealizedDavidwasdependable（3）Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat

.A.

somecustomersjustplayjokesonDavid

B.

DavidhashadhischaracterchangedthroughworkC.

theauthorfeelsluckytohireDavidD.

theauthorprefersDavidtobemoreoutgoing【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，David是作者的一位雇员,虽然他不善言辞,但勤恳踏实的工作态度赢得了顾客的赞美。他也让作者明白:作者的伙伴们和作者一样都不完美,但却很优秀。在跟他们一起工作的日子里,作者学会了宽恕、理解和耐心。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二中的“HerequestedthatIgiveDavidaninterviewjustforpractice.”可知,他要求作者给David进行一次面试,仅仅只是为了练习。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段可知,当装满250辆新自行车的大卡车冒雨到达时,一些工人不愿在这样的天气情况下工作,因此人手短缺。这时作者正好看到David进来,于是叫他过来帮忙。结合最后一段可知,David从此开始在这里工作了。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，David在作者的店里勤勤恳恳工作了十八年,还受到了顾客的赞扬。由此可推知,作者感觉很幸运能有这样的员工。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解WISHYOUWEREMORECREATIVE?

Iwanttoaskyouafavor.Ihaveapairofpants.Tellme:HowmanydifferentwayscanIputapairofpantstouse?Nowimagineyou'reanarchitect.Samequestion.Nowimagineyou'reBillGates.Ascubadiver.Amedievalknight.Youstillhavethepants.Whatalternativeusescometomind?

Whatyoujustpracticed--theconsciousactof"wearing"anotherself-isanexercisethat,accordingtopsychiatristSriniPillay,MD,isessentialtobeingcreative.

Onegreatirony(讽刺)aboutourcollectiveaddictiontocreativityisthatwetendtoframeitinuncreativeways.Thatistosay,mostofusmarrycreativitytoourconceptofself:Eitherwe're"creative"orwearen't,withoutmuchofamiddleground."I'mjustnotacreativeperson!"adiscouragedstudentmightsayinartclass,whileanothermightblamehertalentatpaintingforherdifficultiesinmath,makingacomment"I'mveryright-brained."

Dr.Pillay,anassistantprofessoratHarvardUniversity,hasspentyearsoverturningtheseideas.Hebelievesthatthekeytounlockingyourcreativepotentialistochallengethestereotyped(陈词滥调的)advicethaturgesyouto"believeinyourself."Infact,youshoulddotheopposite:Believeyouaresomeoneelse.

Hepointstoastudyshowingtheimpactofstereotypeonone'sbehavior.Theauthors,psychologistsDenisDumasandKevinDunbar,dividedtheircollegestudentsubjectsintotwogroups,instructingonegrouptothinkofthemselvesas"eccentricpoets"andtheothertoimaginetheywere"rigidlibrarians".Theresearchersthenpresentedthemallwithordinaryobjects,includingafork,acarrot,andapairofpants,andaskedthemtocomeupwithasmanydifferentusesaspossibleforeachone.Theformergroupcameupwiththewidestrangeofideas,whereasthelatterhadthefewest.

These